Position Of Agreement Research Articles

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28-year lookback study.

For many years, there has been concern about the risk of transmission of classic forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) by blood transfusion, particularly after the recognition of such transmission of variant CJD (vCJD). We report on a 28-year lookback study of recipients of blood from donors who subsequently developed CJD. Patients with diagnosed CJD and a history of blood donation were identified. Blood centers were asked to provide information about the distribution of the donations and consignees were requested to provide information about the recipients of the donations. Vital status of each available recipient was determined and, if deceased, the reported cause(s) of death were obtained primarily from the National Death Index. All recipients included in the study database contributed person-time up to the last recorded review of vital status. There were 84 eligible donors who gave 3284 transfusable components, and it was possible to evaluate 1245 recipients, totaling 6495 person-years of observation. The mean observation period per recipient was 5.5 years with a maximum of 51 years. No case of CJD or prion disease was reported among the recipient population. The study suggests that CJD may not be transfusion-transmissible, a position in agreement with similar findings from two similar European reports amounting to an overall observation period of 15,500 person-years. These studies have supported the conclusion that the risk, if any, of transmission of CJD by blood products is extremely small and remains theoretical.

Prediction of microstructure evolution during multidirectional forging of the railway wagon bogie adpter

The railway wagon bogie adapter is a critical component in train operation, with stringent quality requirements. Microstructure uniformity is an effective method for improving adapter quality. A three-dimensional thermodynamic coupling model of the railway wagon bogie adapter hot forging was established by Deform-3D, and the evolution of the grain size of the forging during the hot forging was predicted. In conjunction with orthogonal tests, the effect of process parameter interaction on adapter uniformity was investigated. The adapter had uniform microstructure distribution when the forging temperature was 1100 °C, the die forging speed was 27.5 mm/s, and the friction coefficient was 0.21. The hot forging test of the adapter was performed using the optimized parameters, and the forging was sampled at different positions for metallographic experiments, which measured the grain size of the forging at different positions in agreement with the simulation results and verified the simulation's accuracy.

Anisotropic opinion dynamics with an adaptive social rule

We consider an anisotropic opinion formation process where the set of rules $B$, that dictates what is the socially acceptable position, changes following the average voters' opinion. As in the case of a constant $B$, conservative (agreement with $B$) and liberal (agreement with neighbors) voters' attitudes are still represented by stable fixed points in the phase space of the system but with the difference that the conservative fixed point is stable for all possible values of the intervoter interaction. It has been also observed that, when the model is applied to sufficiently large populations, the time needed to consolidate a position in agreement with $B$ is finite. We observed that there is also a range of values of the interaction where the two stable points coexist, opening the door for the modeling of bistability related phenomena, such as stochastic resonance and hysteresis.

The Messiness of Meaning Making: Examining the Affordances of the Digital Space as a Mentoring and Tutoring Space for the Acquisition of Academic Literacy

Having incorporated a digital aspect to our academic literacy course, and having monitored this over the last three years, we have come to believe that online mentoring can serve as an essential form of tutoring and mentoring. Our study is located in the field of New Literacy Studies and examines the affordances of a digital space in a first year academic literacy course in the Humanities. We focus on students’ acquisition of academic literacy, as well as critical thinking and reflexivity around a core social science concept; identity. Here, we refer to the ability to think critically and reflexively, as the ‘analytical mode’, a key driver in shaping the pedagogy of the course. In this paper, we explore the online participation of two students and how they engage with the theme of identity, not only as an academic concept but also as one intrinsically linked with how they see themselves in a diverse post-apartheid South African context. We argue that the digital space promotes a particular form of the ‘analytical mode’ as students grapple with texts and concepts on the academic literacy course. Using a qualitative case study methodology, our analysis of students’ online interaction revealed that the digital space allowed students to express themselves with a level of depth and sophistication, and to share dissident views that could not be expressed in the traditional classroom space. Furthermore, we argue that the digital space can suspend students’ urgency to agree or disagree with the arguments of authors they read. By holding students between the two positions of agreement and disagreement, we propose that the digital space becomes a space of reflexive1 discomfort which captures various moments in students’ drafting processes as they operate within the analytical mode. Therefore, we argue that the digital space, if harnessed with a particular type of mentoring philosophy and pedagogy that activates the analytical mode, can free up. the traditional forms of academic mentoring and tutoring within the academy. This allows students the freedom to live with the messiness of their texts and to grapple with their conceptual understanding, and in doing so, develop their ‘authorial self’ (Clark & Ivanic, 1997).

Structural Redetermination and Photoluminescence Properties of the Niobium Oxyphosphate (NbO)2P4O13.

The structure of (NbO)2P4O13 was solved and refined based on new single-crystal diffraction data revealing considerably more complexity than previously described. (NbO)2P4O13 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̅ with Z = 6. The lattice parameters determined at room temperature are a = 1066.42(4) pm, b = 1083.09(4) pm, c = 1560.46(5) pm, α = 98.55(1)°, β = 95.57(1)°, γ = 102.92(1)°, and V = 1.7213(2) nm3. The superstructure contains 64 unique atoms including two disordered semioccupied oxygen positions. An unusual 180° bond angle between two [P4O13]6- groups was refined to form half-occupied, split positions in agreement with previous reports. The IR and Raman spectra reflect the appearance of overlapping bands assignable to specific group vibrations as well as P-O-P linkages present in the [P4O13]6- entities. Investigation of the powdered product concerning its photoluminescence properties revealed an excitability in the UV at 270 nm assigned to O2p-Nb4d charge transfer transitions. A resulting broad-band emission with the maximum in the visible region at 455 nm was determined.

Responsabilidade enunciativa e representações discursivas em relatórios produzidos por estagiários do curso de Letras/Inglês

Com base na Análise Textual dos Discursos, este trabalho estuda a responsabilidade enunciativa, por meio do exame das marcas de modalidades, e as representações discursivas, por meio da referenciação e da predicação, construídas no gênero relatório de estágio, produzido no curso de Letras/ Inglês. Os resultados evidenciam que o aluno: a) imputa pontos de vista (PdV) a outrem, emitindo posicionamentos de acordo e desacordo; b) formula PdV próprios, com base na experiência; e c) constrói representações discursivas positivas de objetos relacionados à sua prática docente. Observamos que o gênero analisado favoreceu a inscrição de PdV próprios e a construção dessas representações.

Non-Representational Mathematical Realism

This paper is an attempt to convince anti-realists that their correct intuitions against the metaphysical inflationism derived from some versions of mathematical realism do not force them to embrace non-standard, epistemic approaches to truth and existence. It is also an attempt to convince mathematical realists that they do not need to implement their perfectly sound and judicious intuitions with the anti-intuitive developments that render full-blown mathematical realism into a view which even Gödel considered objectionable (Gödel 1995, p. 150).</p><p>I will argue for the following two theses: (i) that realism, in its standard characterization, is our default position, a position in agreement with our pre-theoretical intuitions and with the results of our best semantic theories, and (ii) that most of the metaphysical qualms usually related to it depends on a poor understanding of truth and existence as higher-order concepts.

Regret and Moral Maturity: A Response to Michael Ing and Manyul Im

My intention in writing “Confucius’ Complaints” was to “complicate” the ways we conceptualize the good life as it is represented in the Analects and, especially, in the life of Confucius qua exemplar. I argued that our understanding of Confucius’ “good life” has been insufficiently attentive to the subtle psychological complexity evident in the Analects. Both Michael Ing and Manyul IM suggest that the complexities I originally limned are only a start, that the life of Confucius may be yet more complicated than I represented it. I am in the happy position of agreement with them. Indeed, there is much more to chart than I first mapped out and I am grateful to both Ing and Im for pushing farther into this territory than I myself went. Taken together, Ing and Im perhaps most invite reflection on regret, both as it might situate in Confucius’ own life and as it could feature more broadly in developed moral maturity. In what follows, I want to consider two modes of regret: regret concerning compromises of conscience and end-of-life regret. The latter can naturally include elements of the former, but may nonetheless have special features not exhausted by it. My sense is that the model of Confucius is consistent with versions of both of these forms of regret. However, I also think that where the Analects is concerned, much of what we might say about regret will inevitably be somewhat speculative. In consequence, I want simply to explore further the suggestions Ing and Im make. I propose no resolution or final view, but seek instead simply to tarry in some of the additional complexities they raise. Dao (2015) 14:579–587 DOI 10.1007/s11712-015-9469-3

مفهوم الجمال من المنظور الإسلامی وبعض النظریات الغربیة المعاصرة

هدفت الدراسة تسليط الضوء على المنطلقات الفکرية للتربية الجمالية في التصور الإسلامي، والتعرف على المنطلقات الفکرية للتربية الجمالية في بعض النظريات الغربية المعاصرة، کما أوضحت مواضع الاتفاق والاختلاف حول صورة التربية الجمالية في کل من الفکرين الإسلامي و الغربي المعاصر، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التأصيلي التحليلي، وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج منها بروز الأصالة والاستقلالية في التربية الجمالية في التصور الإسلامي، ، لقد ثبت لکل من الفلاسفة المسلمين والمعاصرين القيم الإنسانية العليا (الحق، والخير، والجمال) وجعلوها هدفا أسمى، فالجمال الإسلامي ابتعد عن محاکاة الواقع، أما النظريات الغربية المعاصرة فقد اهتمت بالمحاکاة الکلاسيکية، وکذلک الحال بالنسبة للمادية والانطباعية في محاکاة الطبيعة، أکد کل من الفکرين الإسلامي والغربي أن کل جمال له قيمة، کما أظهر کلا الفکرين مجموعة دوافع للجمال عند الإنسان هي: الدافع الديني، والنفسي، والاجتماعي، والتاريخي، والعلمي، والتربوي لم يتم الالتفاف المنشود إلى غنى وتنوع المساهمات الجمالية في التراث الإسلامي المکتوب، کما لم يحصل الانفتاح المتوخى على ما أنتجه الغرب في ميدان تلکم الثقافة بصورة جادة وهادفة الفن للفن الذي تقوم عليه آراء ونظريات کثيرة من المدارس الغربية المعاصرة تتعارض مع التصور الإسلامي للکون والحياة والإنسان، بينما الفن الإسلامي يقوم على الأصالة والوضوح في التعبير، وارتباط الموضوع التعبيري بالمجتمع. The study aimed to shed light on the intellectual premises Educational aesthetic perception in the Islamic , and to identify the intellectual premises for breeding some of the aesthetic in contemporary Western theories. As explained in positions of agreement and disagreement on the image of aesthetic education in each of the Thoughts Islamic and Western contemporary. The researcher used the descriptive approach analytical, The study concluded a series of results , including the emergence of originality and independence in aesthetic education in the Islamic perspective , has been shown for each of the Muslim philosophers and contemporary human values, the upper (right , goodness, and beauty ) and made paramount goal , beauty Islamic Stay away from the simulation actually the theories of contemporary Western has focused on simulated classics , as well as the case for the material and impressionism in biomimicry , confirmed all of Thought Islamic and Western that all the beauty of its value , as demonstrated both Thought group motives of beauty in humans are: religious motive , and psychological , and social , historical, and scientific and educational. Not circumvent the desired richness and diversity of the contributions aesthetic in written heritage of Islam , and did not get openness envisaged what was produced by the West in the field of telecom culture in a serious and meaningful art for art upon which the views of the many theories of Western schools of contemporary conflict with the Islamic concept of the universe and life while human and Islamic art based on originality , clarity of expression, and a link to the topic expressionist society.

Do Not Resuscitate: A Position Statement

PurposeThe aim of this study to reviewed literatures position and to support the current researcher's position as proponent to do not resuscitate, in addition to makes recommendations for change in the clinical and organizational policy.Study DescriptionThe position statement is a summary and a brief statement of some of the positions and the interests of the person on a particular topic. It contains objective information mainly on the issue being discussed in committee.OutcomeWe have different opinions regarding to do not resuscitation, but this paper illustrated the researcher agreement position from do not resuscitate order. Nursing play an essential role in the discussion of do not resuscitation that come from their role as an advocate and advisor to patients and family, and that does not mean patients will die alone and uncared, it means that the patient will be placed under hospice care when the end is near, and will not die with a tube in any site of the body.ConclusionDo not resuscitate still considers a difficult concept. The current researcher with do not resuscitation especially if the medical team believes that resuscitation will be failed or if the resuscitation result poor quality of life.

Low-temperature thermal and elastoacoustic properties of butanol glasses: Study of position isomerism effects around the boson peak

We have concurrently measured the specific heat, the thermal conductivity, and the longitudinal and transverse sound velocities at low temperature of glasses from different isomers of butanol ($n$-butanol, sec-butanol and isobutanol), as well as the low-temperature specific heat for the crystals of $n$-butanol, isobutanol and tert-butanol. Whereas the elastic constants both for crystals and glasses are found to be almost independent of the position of the hydrogen bonds, the thermal properties at low temperatures of these glasses at a few kelvin (around the boson peak in the reduced specific heat or around the plateau in the thermal conductivity) are found to vary strongly. Our experiments clearly contradict other works or models claiming a Debye scaling of the boson peak, and hence of the excess low-temperature specific heat of glasses. Data analysis based upon the soft-potential model and its extensions allows us to estimate the Ioffe-Regel limit in these and other alcohol glasses, finding a correlation with the boson-peak position in agreement with that previously reported by other groups.

A new floating model level scheme for the assimilation of boundary‐layer top inversions: the univariate assimilation of temperature

AbstractThe assimilation of observations with a forecast is often heavily influenced by the description of the error covariances associated with the forecast. When a temperature inversion is present at the top of the boundary layer (BL), a significant part of the forecast error may be described as a vertical positional error (as opposed to amplitude error normally dealt with in data assimilation). In these cases, failing to account for positional error explicitly is shown to result in an analysis for which the inversion structure is erroneously weakened and degraded.In this article, a new assimilation scheme is proposed to explicitly include the positional error associated with an inversion. This is done through the introduction of an extra control variable to allow position errors in the a priori to be treated simultaneously with the usual amplitude errors. This new scheme, referred to as the ‘floating BL scheme’, is applied to the one‐dimensional (vertical) variational assimilation of temperature. The floating BL scheme is tested with a series of idealised experiments and with real data from radiosondes.For each idealised experiment, the floating BL scheme gives an analysis which has the inversion structure and position in agreement with the truth, and outperforms the assimilation which accounts only for forecast amplitude error. When the floating BL scheme is used to assimilate a large sample of radiosonde data, its ability to give an analysis with an inversion height in better agreement with that observed is confirmed. However, it is found that the use of Gaussian statistics is an inappropriate description of the error statistics of the extra control variable. This problem is alleviated by incorporating a non‐Gaussian description of the new control variable in the new scheme. Anticipated challenges in implementing the scheme operationally are discussed towards the end of the article. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society and British Crown Copyright, the Met Office

Theoretical description of cytotoxic potential of glycidamide, an epoxide metabolite of acrylamide

Acrylamide (AA), a potent carcinogenic material to animals, is reported to be present in a wide range of human consumed foods at the levels of several μg/kg. Glycidamide (GA), a metabolic product of AA formed via epoxidation, has been found to be responsible for the carcinogenicity. In order to resolve the carcinogenicity of acrylamide to humans, the yet unknown mechanistic features of GA attack on the base pairs have to be understood. Hence, in this study we investigated the possible mechanism by which the reactions between (GA) and various models representing DNA occur. Our investigation by computing the activation barriers and analyzing thermodynamic parameters for the attack of GA on three different sites (N3, N7 and O) of guanine in the G:C pair indicated that N7 is the preferred position in agreement with the experimental data. Further geometrical optimization studies on the GA/AA adducts with G:C pair revealed that only the attack of GA on G:C pair caused remarkable structural alterations in DNA viz., major and minor groves perhaps leading to its carcinogenic behavior.

The electronic structure of the high-TC cuprates within the hidden rotating order

The doping dependence of the Fermi surface and energy distribution curves of the high-TC cupratematerials La2 − xSrxCuO4 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 + δ are analyzed within the rotating antiferromagnetism theory. Using three different quantities; thek-dependent occupation probability, the spectral function, and the chemical potential(energy spectra), the Fermi surface is calculated and compared to experimental data forLa2 − xSrxCuO4. The Fermi surface we calculate evolves from hole-like pockets in theunderdoped regime to large electron-like contours in the overdoped regime.This is in agreement with recent findings by Sebastian et al for theα-pocketof Y Ba2Cu3O6 + x (2010 Phys. Rev. B 81 214524). In addition, the full width at half maximum of the energy distributioncurves is found to behave linearly with their peak position in agreement with experiment forBi2Sr2CaCu2O8 + δ. The effect of scattering on both the Fermi surface and energy distribution curves isexamined.

Christian Social Constructions of Disability

A study of local Christian church attendees was undertaken to determine their perspectives on what might be called “Christian social constructions” of disability. Responses were at times in predominant agreement or disagreement, and at times split between positions of agreement and disagreement. Recommendations are made for further research to determine whether responses represent confusion about disability among respondents or differences due to denominational perspectives.

Closo-alanes (Al4H4, AlnHn+2, 4 ≤ n ≤ 8): A New Chapter in Aluminum Hydride Chemistry

Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory were employed to study aluminum hydride clusters, AlnHm- (4 <or= n <or= 8, 0 <or= m <or= 10). Photoelectron spectra revealed that Al4H4, Al4H6, and a family of species with general formula AlnHn+2 (5 <or= n <or= 8) have small adiabatic electron affinities and large HOMO-LUMO gaps (ranging from 0.5 to 1.9 eV) relative to those of their stoichiometric neighbors, implying their enhanced stabilities. Formulas reminiscent of boranes led us to investigate whether Wade's rules could be applied to alanes as well. DFT calculations showed that the AlnHn+2 (5 <or= n <or= 8) family adopts n-vertex polyhedral closo-structures with two extra hydrogen atoms occupying opposite bridging positions in agreement with the Wade's (n + 1) rule. These can be viewed as aluminum versions of hypothetical diprotonated closo-borane dianions (BnHn2- + 2H+). In addition, Al4H4 assumes a closo-tetrahedral geometry, while Al4H6 takes on a distorted tetrahedral (D2d) structure with two counter-positioned bridging hydrogen atoms and has the largest HOMO-LUMO gap (1.9 eV) of all the alanes we studied. All of these species can be understood in terms of underlying polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory (PSEPT) concepts. Although, the herein studied alanes do not have direct borane analogues, the ability to understand their structures in terms of the Wade-Mingos rules and the underlying PSEPT concepts suggests that they can be considered as borane analogues, thereby opening a new chapter in aluminum hydride chemistry.

Resistance coefficient in a smooth concentric annular pipe

This paper reports an experimental study aimed at determining turbulence and resistance coefficient characteristics of the flowfield in smooth concentric annular conduits. The measurements of velocity field were performed with a laser Doppler anemometer system in the flow region between the inner wall and the radius of maximum velocity (inner region).Velocity profiles along a vertical line normal to the walls are represented in terms of law of the wall. The maximum mean local velocity occurs at positions in agreement with literature formulae. For different distances from the inner wall micro and integral scales of turbulence were calculated. The results show that in flows with high Reynolds numbers small eddies tend to assume greater frequencies and that the time interval over which fluctuating velocity is correlated with itself becomes smaller. A statistical description of turbulence is also reported. The expression of the inner resistance coefficient was obtained by integrating the velocity law. The calculated resistance coefficients are in fair agreement with the experimental ones. Both are always greater than the corresponding values for circular conduits.

Experimental investigation of multiple scattering of 662 keV gamma rays in zinc at 90°

Compton scattering investigations usually examine the case when photon has undergone only one Compton collision in the sample. The probability of a photon being scattered several times may be significant for a target of finite dimensions both in depth and lateral dimensions. The present experiment is undertaken to study the intensity and energy distributions of 662 keV gamma rays multiply scattered from a zinc target of various thicknesses at a scattering angle of 90° with the scattered photons being detected by an HPGe gamma detector. We observe that with an increase in target thickness, the number of multiply scattered photons also increases and saturates at a particular value of the target thickness (saturation depth). This supports the work of Paramesh, L., Venkataramaih, L., Gopala, K., Sanjeevaih, H. [1983. Z-dependence of saturation depth for multiple scattering of 662 keV photons from thick samples. Nucl. Instrum. Methods 206, 327–230]. The double Compton scattered peak is also observed in the experimental spectra, with a position in agreement with the predictions of Fernandez, J.E. [1991. Compton and Rayleigh double scattering of unpolarized radiation. Phys. Rev. A44, 4232–4248] and Barnea, G., Dick. C.E., Ginzburg. A.E., Seltzer. S.M. [1995. A study of multiple scattering background in Compton scatter imaging. NDT E Int. 28. 155–162].

Simulation of soil thickness evolution in a complex agricultural landscape at fine spatial and temporal scales

Hedgerow networks in the landscape are adapted objects that can be used to study soil redistribution processes within the landscape. In hedged landscapes, water erosion redistributes soil, but hedges act as barriers to the physical transfers of soil particles. The most systematic effect is the increase in the thickness of A-horizons uphill from the hedges. A field experiment was carried out within an old agricultural area with a high density of hedges. A high resolution digital elevation model and a soil thickness map were created to investigate the effect of hedges on soil reorganization. The aims of this paper are to use this pedological knowledge for a better understanding of process dynamics, to simulate quantitatively the effect of hedgerow network on soil organization and redistribution, and to test different scenarios of land management on soil redistribution dynamics. The simulation uses a mechanistic model where the change in soil thickness over time depends on the transport of soil through a diffusive transport and a water erosion process. We tested the suitability of the model to operate on a DEM with grid size of 1 m and a simulation time of less than 1200 years. We performed the simulations on theoretical and actual DEMs with and without the hedgerow network. The effect of different land use and management scenarios on soil redistribution was tested. Those scenarios were applied on a DEM of real landscape, with the addition and removal of hedge on the DEM. The results suggest that the combination of diffusive transport and water erosion could significantly modify the topography and soil redistribution over a few centuries. The simulations show that hedges modify soil distribution and landforms by favouring deposition in the uphill position and soil erosion in the downhill position in agreement with field observations.

‘Muddy glee’: rounding out the picture of women and physical geography fieldwork

Fieldwork in geography has come under close scrutiny from feminist and postcolonial scholars in recent years. In relation to physical geography, commentators have pointed to a range of practices and images (notably the ‘heroic’, masculinist ‘ideal’) that have acted to deter and exclude women, from undergraduates to senior academics. For some, fieldwork is one of the key sites of gender discrimination for women in physical geography. This paper starts from a position of agreement with many of these critiques, but also seeks to ‘reclaim’ some more positive accounts and perspectives on the subject. In doing so, it aims to critique and disrupt the dominant image of physical geography fieldwork as essentially a masculinist endeavour, and encourage a wider view of the challenges and pleasures of fieldwork for women in physical geography.