Portuguese Immigrants Research Articles

Multiple Layers of Time and Space: The Construction of Class, Ethnicity, and Nationalism among Portuguese Immigrants

Multiple Layers of Time and Space: The Construction of Class, Ethnicity, and Nationalism among Portuguese Immigrants

Book Review: Recent Portuguese Immigrants to Fall River, Massachusetts: An Analysis of Relative Economic Success

Book Review: Recent Portuguese Immigrants to Fall River, Massachusetts: An Analysis of Relative Economic Success

Recent Portuguese Immigrants to Fall River, Massachusetts: An Analysis of Relative Economic Success.

Recent Portuguese Immigrants to Fall River, Massachusetts: An Analysis of Relative Economic Success.

The Social Mobility of Portuguese Immigrants in the United States at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century

The social mobility of immigrants in the United States, may be described by a U-shape curve. The initial tendency for downward mobility is attributed to immigrants’ imported cultural values. The turning point in the curve is predicted to occur at a given level of integration, beyond which immigrants overcome the initial disadvantages and move upwardly. Both proponents and challengers seem to take for granted that cultural heritages are the main determinants of immigrants’ patterns of social mobility in the United States. This article addresses immigrants’ social mobility from a different view. The departing question is what are the main factors affecting the social mobility of immigrants drawn from the same sociocultural background? To answer this question, the social mobility of first generation Portuguese immigrants to the United States at the turn of the nineteenth century is analyzed. What makes this migrant group particularly interesting is that they were one of the most culturally homogeneous groups entering the United States at that point, yet they presented quite different patterns of social mobility after settlement. The analysis was based on a sample of first generation Portuguese immigrants settled in Massachusetts, California and Hawaii collected from the 1910 manuscript census of the United States. It reveals that, for the Portuguese case, the main determinants of social mobility were the way they entered the United States, the strength of the migrant group network, and the job and land opportunities in the region of settlement.

The Social and Economic Integration of Portuguese Immigrants in Brazil in the Late Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Like most of the peripheral countries of Europe in the nineteenth century, Portugal experienced population growth, agricultural expansion and even serious industrial development. By mid-century, in fact, it compared reasonably well in basic economic indices with most comparable late industrialising European countries. Although Portugal continued to develop in the second half of the century, its economy did not grow as rapidly as the rest of Europe and by the end of the century it had fallen seriously behind, becoming one of the poorest societies on the continent. This relative backwardness had several causes. Severe problems of land distribution affected the ability of national agriculture to modernise rapidly, especially in the densely populated north where minifundia land holdings predominated. Portugal's important wine industry was modernised but in only one sector and this sector could not expand its international markets.

The Social Mobility of Portuguese Immigrants in the United States at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century

The Social Mobility of Portuguese Immigrants in the United States at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century

Some attitudes of Portuguese immigrants to South Africa regarding re-migration

Abstract The data obtained in this research generally support the hypothesis that the societal institutions of South Africa provide Portuguese immigrants with a sufficient sense of trust, group inclusion and security, with the result that they do not experience undue social pressure to re-migrate. Portuguese immigrants, in spite of a somewhat insular attitude structure and possibly negative attitudes of native South Africans toward them, clearly intend to remain in South Africa. Portuguese immigrants therefore appear to be a good risk for those who finance their migration to South Africa. Further research is needed to analyse the underlying dynamics of the apparently anomalous phenomenon that Portuguese immigrants, while being a good risk as immigrants, appear to be part of a relatively insular community.

The Role of the School in the Maintenance and Change of Ethnic Group Affiliation

As one of society's principal socializing agents, the public schools play a major role in the Americanization of foreign born students. To explore ways in which the school contributes to the change in structural and cultural/symbolic aspects of ethnicity, this study focused on Portuguese immigrant students in an urban New England high school.Research compared explicit and implicit educational policies vis-a-vis the Portuguese immigrant. The public school's role in shaping the ethnic identity of these Portuguese students was found to be both significant and invested with far-reaching social implications.

The Portuguese and Haoles of Hawaii: Implications for the Origin of Ethnicity

Ethnicity in Hawaii is approached as a social construct created during expansion of the capitalist world-system. Haole typically refers to persons of European extraction, while Local normally refers to those of non-European origin. Portuguese-Americans are of European origin but are considered Locals. We argue that this anomaly was brought about by the different origins of two groups in the world-system. The first Europeans came to Hawaii from the capitalist core, brought capital, and soon dominated both the economy and the polity. In contrast, Portuguese immigrants came from the periphery to serve as plantation laborers. The large initial class difference inhibited subsuming both groups within the same ethnic designation. The combined class and ethnic cleavages created a set of historical structures that reproduced these very differenices. Although both Haoles and Portuguese-Americans became internally class-differentiated over time, significant class differences remained, which helped reproduce ethnic differentiation.

The madeiran Portuguese and the establishment of the catholic church in British Guiana, 1835–98

The Madeiran Portuguese first arrived in British Guiana as indentured immigrants on 3 May 1835, bringing their agricultural expertise and their Catholic faith. This article documents the contribution of these immigrants to the growth and expansion of the Roman Catholic Church in the colony. As a result of their presence, new churches were built along the east coast, Demerara, where most of the Portuguese immigrants were concentrated. Private schools, which taught in Portuguese, were also established in Georgetown. The Christmas novena and the guilds and societies of the Madeirans eventually became part of the Catholic culture in British Guiana.

The Social Impact of a Middleman Minority in a Divided Host Society: The Case of the Portuguese in Early Seventeenth-Century Buenos Aires

HE assimilation of the Portuguese immigrants in the early seventeenth century is crucial to an understanding of the process of nation-building in Argentina, for it was responsible for setting the most notable precedent for the acculturation of foreigners. Already under mercantilism, there were efforts to accelerate the rate of population growth by means of measures intended to extend the areas under colonial control. Whether Spanish mercantilism in regard to the Spanish colonial state ever had a clear immigration policy with regard to foreigners is a matter of speculation. Juan de Solorzano y Pereira was the first to provide the crown prohibitions and exceptions with respect to foreigners in the Hapsburg period.' Later, the Philosophes (Saint-Pierre, Chastellux, Condorcet) again adopted the populationist goals of the mercantilists, arguing optimistically that the future of mankind, despite colonialism, would thereby improve. Local enlightened scholars, such as Azara, Alvear, and Lastarria, also tried to legitimize populationist policies. Unlike the populationists (Danguel, La Plombaine, and Jaubert), who were primarily concerned with combatting celibacy, the physiocrats (Quesnay, Mercier de la Riviere, Du Pont de Nemours, Morellet) indicated the limits to population growth and argued that such continuous increase was disadvantageous to a community. 2 Most of the Latin American scholars involved in the Independence movement-for example, Bernardino Rivadavia and Juliain Segundo de Aguero-expressed this population goal in a contradictory discourse, a mixture of physiocratic and utilitarian terms. Besides Rivadavia, Esteban Echeverria was the first to emphasize immigration, as a method to

Fonctions et enjeux du mouvement associatif portugais en France

Aims and functions of the Portuguese associations in France The development over the past years of numerous associations among Portuguese immigrants settled in France is an extremely significant phenomenon. It bears witness to the definite vitality of the Portuguese community, and to the ability of the immigrants to join together and to get organized for their own aims. The authors examine various issues regarding that development, founding their observation upon an empirical research which proceeds from a representative sample of twenty associations scattered all over the country. Emphasis is on bringing out the significance of the immigrants' double affiliation, i.e. in terms of both the home and the host cultures, as these utterly determine the dynamics of cultural national identity. Having to take account of symbolic as well as political factors, the a. are led to focus attention upon the role of association leaders. As it appears, one of their major functions is to insure a successful shift from village condition in Portugal (most of the immigrants coming from the country side) to city life in France. In the concluding section, the a. venture some tentative hypotheses regarding the eventual future of the Portuguese association movement, specifically in connection with the emergence of a French-born second generation.

A note on immigrants and religion in a South African city

Abstract The religious factor is generally recognised as a significant detail in any study of integration processes of minority groups, particularly in the case of immigrants to new lands of domicile. As part of a wider study of Greek and Portuguese immigrants in a South African city, the religious factor was examined. After a period of participant observation and semi structured interviews, questionnaires were submitted to samples of these two immigrant groups. An analyses of the responses to questions dealing with religion indicates firstly the place of religious practices and beliefs within the two groups, and secondly the marked differences in this respect between the Greeks and Portuguese.

Family Planning of Portuguese Immigrants and Integration in Belgium

The knowledge and use of modern contraceptives was studied among 100 Portuguese women who immigrated into Belgium. The hypothesis was that the better the women's integration into Belgian society, the larger their knowledge and use of modern contraceptives would be. It was found, however, that the women’s integration did not influence either the knowledge or the use of contraceptives. Instead, it was found that the use of modern contraceptives depended on the women's access to information about and availability of those contraceptives.

The elusiveness of measles eradication: insights gained from three years of intensive surveillance in Rhode Island.

Scott, H. D. (CDC, Atlanta, Ga. 30333). The elusiveness of measles eradication: insights gained from three years of intensive surveillance in Rhode Island. Amer J Epidem 94: 37–42, 1971.—.Immunization programs in Rhode Island have sharply reduced but not eradicated measles. During 3 years of intensive surveillance, the disease has periodically reappeared. The most impressive event of this period occurred when epidemic measles broke out in two urban communities where Portuguese immigrants had concentrated to form ethnic islands amidst the general population. During the last 3½ months of 1968, 91 children became ill. In 7 elementary schools with measles cases, 1300 pupils of Portuguese and 1000 of non-Portuguese background had the opportunity to mingle and to disseminate measles virus. However, only 3 of the 91 children with measles were of non-Portuguese background. The data provided by this outbreak and other smaller clusters of cases associated with prolonged periods during which no measles cases were detected support the hypothesis that much and perhaps all of the indigenous population no longer will sustain endemic measles.

Portuguese-American Speech. An Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States

Portuguese-American Speech. An Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States

Portuguese-American Speech: An Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States

Portuguese-American Speech: An Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States

Portuguese-American Speech. An Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States

Not available. Pap, Leo (1950). Portuguese-American Speech; an Outline of Speech Conditions among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States. Columbia University).

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF ANCIENT HAWAII

HAWAIIAN music-what do these words bring to your mind? Probably a picture of flowered-shirted natives sitting around, strumming ukuleles or to the gliding tones of the steel guitar. The melodies themselves have an appealing charm, a certain melancholy that catches at the throat, and a peculiar novelty that gives them a character all their own. Who can hear the wistful strains of Aloha Oe without feeling the sweet sorrow of parting? This is the music that is generally accepted as genuine Hawaiian song. But, to be truthful, Song of the Islands is no more real Hawaiian music than Old Black Joe is real African Negro music. In the first place, previous to the coming of the missionaries, the Hawaiians did no singing, in the ordinary sense of the word. There was not even a word for singing in the Hawaiian language. The modern Hawaiian term himeni comes from the English word hymn. The rendition of hymns by the missionaries gave the Hawaiians their first idea of melody. A few salty chanties picked up from sailors off the whaling vessels added a nice touch of variety. Then, in 1879, four Portuguese immigrants, who in the old country had been in the business of making musical instruments, decided to try their hand at it in From Portugal they brought a viola, a rajao, and a braga. These stringed instruments seemed to suit progressive Hawaiian needs exactly, and quickly became renamed guitar, taro-patch fiddle, and ukulele, respectively. The stage was still not quite set for My Little Grass Shack in Kealakaku, Hawaii. Hawaiians were still using their fingers for stopping the strings on the guitar. It remained for a Hawaiian schoolboy to make the most significant contribution of Hawaii to music, the introduction of an entirely new technique in the method of playing stringed instruments. It was about the year 1894, that Joseph Kekuku, a student of the Kamehmeha School for Boys in Honolulu, had his brilliant idea. He, like many other boys in the school, was very fond of strumming a guitar, particularly when he