Portion Of Defects Research Articles

The effects of pressure gradients on turbulent flow near a smooth wall

A dimensional argument is presented leading to a functional form for the effective viscosity which embraces the hypothesis of a previous paper (Mellor & Gibson 1966; hereafter referred to as paper A) in the defect portion of a turbulent boundary layer. The new argument also suggests a way of determining the effective viscosity in the viscous sublayer when the flow is subjected to mainstream pressure gradients.It will be shown that the large wall-velocity profiles and the defect-velocity profiles automatically overlap, even in the absence of a logarithmic portion. It will be shown further that equilibrium flows are uniquely determined by β andR.

コアユの仔魚にみられた脳ヘルニア

This paper deals with a morphological and histological description of the exencephalocele (Hernia cerebri) found in a juvenile salmonoid fish, the so-called Sirasu-larva of dwarf Koayu which is landlocked in Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan. The present report may be the first record of spontaneous hernia cerebri in the teleostean fishes. A large quantity of a left half of optic lobe (mesencephalon) erupted through the defective portion, that is, the perforated left half of parietal bone, and formed a large swelling like a kind of sarcoma. As the swelling is not covered with skin and meninx, the protuberant part is in the naked state thoroughly. Accordingly, the arrangement and disposition of mesencephalon, particularly of cellular layer of optic tectum, granular and molecular layers of cerebellum, infundibulum and inferior lobe showed a remarkable bilateral asymmetry, however there have no detectable abnormality in the cerebrum (telencephalon) and olfactory lobe. The pituitary gland is under the condition of severe deformity, and the picture of function of thyroid follicles is more active than that of normal ones. A brief account of causality is given concerning the present peculiar specimen that has survived about two months after it was spawned.

Evaluation and preparation of patients with disorders of bleeding before or during surgery

Maintenance of normal hemostasis results from the well adjusted balance between internal or external stresses exerted on the body and the degree to which the hemostatic function can compensate for these stresses. Excessive bleeding results from a disruption of this balance, either because of excessive stresses in the presence of a normal hemostatic function, or normal stresses poorly compensated for by a severely defective hemostatic function. In evaluating patients with hemorrhagic disease for surgery, these two principal facets must be considered. An analysis of hemostatic function includes a carefully taken history and physical examination, and selection of certain in vivo and in vitro tests. The in vitro tests are principally done in the blood and range from simple screening tests to more elaborate procedures designed to bring out the defective portions of the hemostatic mechanism. If a defect is found, an effort should be made to grade its severity since this will influence the decision as to the type and extent of the surgery contemplated. The other portion of the examination deals with a survey and estimate of the internal (e.g., arterial hypertension) or external (e.g., infection and trauma) stresses already existing in the patient and those involved in the contemplated operative procedure. Correction or alleviation of the defect or defects in hemostatic function, when possible, may make an operation feasible. Adjustment of the stresses in combination with alleviation of any existing defects may virtually eliminate the hemorrhagic hazard from the procedure.

Birth, Life, and Death in Microelectronic Systems

In order to exploit the technological promises of microelectronics, electronic system techniques must be developed so that defective portions of a system can be tolerated without system malfunction. Such defects might be introduced during manufacture (at birth), or cause errors during operation (life). The number of permanent failures which could be endured by a system before it fails completely will determine its lifetime (death). In this paper, an adaptive vote-taker is proposed which compares the outputs of paralleled (redundant) system parts in a binary system and determines the most probable answer based on past performance of the separate parts. Initially, the vote-taker assigns equal significance to each redundant part, and (in a binary system) requires that a simple majority of the parts be correct. With experience, the vote-taker continually reduces the weight (significance) of the outputs from those parts that make mistakes, thereby gradually eliminating the defective parts. Thus the vote-takers (which also may be paralleled if they are unreliable) act as automatic repairmen which delete defective parts of a system. System dependability and life expectancy can be made to exceed the dependability and average life expectancy of the component parts. The heart of an adaptive vote-taker is an element providing variable gain with memory. A variable resistor with memory (memistor), which uses electrochemical deposition or removal of copper to achieve the variable memory, has been successfully applied to this function.

Sales. Remedies of Buyer. Right to Reject Defective Portion of Goods Delivered

Sales. Remedies of Buyer. Right to Reject Defective Portion of Goods Delivered

Sales. Remedies of Buyer. Right to Reject Defective Portion of Goods Delivered

Sales. Remedies of Buyer. Right to Reject Defective Portion of Goods Delivered

Additions and Corrections to J.H.S. Vol. XVIII. Pp. 182–208

P. 183, 1. 20 flf. The defective portion of Al Tabari extends only from AH 32 to AH 40. The notices given under the years 20, 28, and 32 might therefore have been quoted from Al Tabari. The variations in his text are too slight to be worth recording ; but it should be mentioned that for the notices of 28 and 32 the authority of Al Wakidi is quoted. Instead of the notice given under 25 he has merely, ‘And in this year was the capture of the fortresses, and their commander was Mu'awiya the son of Abu Sufyan.’ The two following notices should be added.

III. Condensation of vapour of mercury on selenium in the sprengel vacuum

In the course of experiments on the electrical conductivity of selenium, a cylindrical bar of this substance in the vitreous state was enclosed in a glass tube which was attached to the exhaust-tube of a Sprengel pump. The bar of selenium was 45 millims. long and 3.5 millims. in diameter. Platinum wires were attached to the ends of it and passed through the sides of the glass tube. The tube was exhausted, and allowed to remain attached to the pump for four days. I t was now found that the selenium had acquired a conductivity greatly exceeding that of the pure element in its most highly conducting condition. The experiment was repeated with the intention of observing the time required to produce conductivity. In forty-two hours the needle of a highly sensitive galvanometer was slightly deflected when the selenium was placed in the circuit of ten Leclanché cells. The conductivity of the selenium increased rapidly for four days, when the experiment was unavoidably interrupted. On admitting air to the tube no change of conductivity was observed. The selenium was unaltered in appearance, even when examined microscopically. On breaking the bar it was found that the conducting-film was entirely superficial; it was not removed by rubbing forcibly with a cloth. Dilute nitric acid also failed to remove it. Bibulous paper moistened with solution of silver ammonio-nitrate was not stained by it (Merget, ‘Comptes Kendus,' vol. lxxiii. p. 1356). It therefore appears highly probable that the film does not consist of uncombined mercury. As it has not hitherto been known that mercury combines with selenium at ordinary temperatures, a bar of selenium was immersed in mercury and allowed to remain undisturbed for six months. At the end of this time it was found that the selenium was coated with a highly conducting film. I could not dectect any difference between this film and those produced in the Sprengel vacuum. An attempt was now made to estimate the quantity of mercury required to produce the observed conductivity. A bar of selenium 125 millims. long and 2 millims. in diameter, having platinum wires fused into each end, was enclosed in a glass tube, containing also a minute globule of mercury about 0.5 millim. in diameter. The tube was exhausted by means of the Sprengel pump, and then hermetically sealed and detached from the pump. In 92 hours the bar began to conduct, and the conductivity increased rapidly from day to day for four days. On the fifth day, no increase being observed, it was supposed that air had leaked into the tube; and on examining it a flaw, which would account for the leakage, was detected. The tube was therefore again attached to the pump, exhausted, and again sealed, the defective portion being removed. The conductivity of the bar again increased from day to day, and is still steadily but slowly increasing (eleven days after the second sealing of the tube). Although the bar of selenium now possesses a comparatively low resistance, I cannot detect the slightest alteration in the size of the minute globule of mercury which has supplied the material for the conducting-film, extending over a surface one thousand times greater than that of the globule. The granular modification produced by subjecting vitreous selenium to a temperature of 100°C. for three hours also acquires a great increase of conductivity when exposed to the vapour of mercury in the Sprengel vacuum.

2. On a Revision of the Catalogue of Stars of the British Association.

After a brief allusion to the importance of catalogues of stars in general, as the foundation of exact astronomy, the circumstances connected with the publication of the important Catalogue of Stars by the British Association were mentioned.Many of the materials were well known to be imperfect at the time of printing, but that step, it was thought, would strongly induce all astronomers to improve the defective portions.