Portable Mobile Devices Research Articles

Personal Data Protection and the Empowerment of Civil Liberty, Justice and Security: Universal Value of Globalization

Protection of personal data and the privacy, at the time of final approval of the New Regulation on the protection of personal data, for the subjects of personal data brings hope; however, it is to believe that "in a world with protected privacy." Despite the challenge of protection of personal data in the era of colossal development of communication technology, the Internet and the major inventions of smart portable mobile devices, some new legal provisions are put in the Regulation of the EC, EU and the Parliament, in the future strengthens the protection of personal data; Freedom, justice and security, as notions that are spread in our country Kosovo, are the constitutional and legal obligations to provide stability to the country. However, the institutional strengthening of the law in this regard, with compact action (interaction) between the competent authorities within the country, our region and the competent authorities of the segment of rights and freedoms, justice and security of the EU, the EC and the European Parliament will undoubtedly bring success in the overcoming of challenges, through which the personal protection of data is going through. Strengthening of the National Authorities of personal data protection and freedom of information, is, and remains, the main input of justice, freedoms and security, now as standard globalist values.

Life style improvement mobile service for high risk chronic disease based on PHR platform

As IT convergence technique develops, medical technology and apparatus are being modernized opening the era that we can obtain variable information easily anywhere, anytime thanks to wireless communication developed, further. These social changes enabled us to obtain information related to health more efficiently. Modern society is rapidly aging and more people experience chronic diseases because of their wrong eating habit, obesity and insufficient exercise. Thus a demand for health improvement and management at a certain term is increasing rather than complete therapy. Previously, major medical institutions managed personal medical history regarding patients mainly in health management but it is not changing its method to self-utilization and management by individual patient as of now along with medical institutions as fusion technology develops, and individual health record information can easily be checked anywhere, anytime through personal health record (PHR) platform. Unlike developing speed of related technology, however, there is a limitation in expansion, development of individual health record service, personal information security currently. In this paper, we propose mobile service regarding life style improvement targeting high risk chronic diseases based on PHR platform. PHR platform determines high blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia diseases which are three main chronic diseases using users' data and can monitor chronic diseases in portable mobile device. Also, the service provides by organically, mutually connected form through feedback towards input from health states of users in mobile device. By proposing contents about service based on efficient individual health record through mobile device that maximized transportability based on PHR platform, proposed method will contribute to industry development and activation of application service development of individual health record. Increase in consistency and reliability through standardization of afterwards health management service is expected to contribute to reduction in social cost and improvement of national health being the basis to realize communication activation of health record between medical institutions, efficient management and education of patients, reduction in dual examinations.

Curating in the Postdigital Age

Curating in the Postdigital Age

The Design and Evaluation of an InformationSharing System for Human Networks

With fast-growing consumer demands and rapidly-developing mobile technologies, portable mobile devices are becoming a necessity of our daily lives. However, existing mobile devices rely on the wireless infrastructure to access Internet services provided by central application providers. This architecture is inefficient in many situations and also does not utilize abundant inter device communication opportunities in many scenarios. This paper proposes the human network (HUNET), a network architecture that enables information sharing between mobile devices through direct interdevice communication. We design B-SUB, an interest-driven information sharing system for HUNETs. In B-SUB, content and user interests are described by tags, which are human-readable strings that are designated by users. An experiment is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this tag-based content description method. To facilitate efficient data dissemination, we invent the Temporal Counting Bloom filter (TCBF) to encode tags, which also reduces the overhead of content routing. Comprehensive theoretical analyses on the parameter tuning of B-SUB are presented and verify B-SUB’s ability to work efficiently under various network conditions. We then extend B-SUB’s routing scheme to provide a stronger privacy guarantee. Extensive real-world trace-driven simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of BSUB, and the results demonstrate its efficiency and usefulness.

Analysis of Sustainable Computing for Mainstream Agricultural and Rural Applications in Developing Countries

Effective utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been identified as a sure route for agriculturists and rural inhabitants of developing countries to take advantage of modern technology and survive at the least if not actively participate in global trend of events. However, pervasive complexities in developing countries such as unreliable grid electricity, limited availability of resources, and climate change pose serious challenges to the use of ICTs; these create an urgent need to find sustainable alternatives, especially in rural areas that sharply depend on agriculture for livelihoods. This research involved a comprehensive assessment of the potential of sustainable computing as a solution to the aforementioned challenges for agricultural and rural applications in developing countries. Primary data was obtained from 77 respondents in nine developing countries using questionnaires. Respondents came from varying,largely rural occupations such as animal rearing, agricultural marketing, crop farming and agricultural research and extension. Solar-powered computers were identified as one of the most strategic and relevant solutions to the current limits to access of rural people – especially from agricultural backgrounds – who have much to gain from improved access to information and computing technology (ICT). To strike a balance between affordability of mainstream respondents and their need for greater ICT access, we identified integrated netbook-scalesolar powered laptop as the most relevant, which can satisfy the identified ICT needs, plus – besides powering the computer – will power mobile phones and other portable ICT devices. We determined that solar powered computers cangreatly increase access to ICTs benefits to rural, off grid societies and yield carbon savings of up to 22kg of CO2, per year. The results of our research are intended to be helpful in promoting off-grid access to ICT in rural societies so as to improve agriculture and extend the additional benefit of “bridging the digital divide in a way that advances sustainable development.

Human activity recognition using quasiperiodic time series collected from a single tri-axial accelerometer

The current generation of portable mobile devices incorporates various types of sensors that open up new areas for the analysis of human behavior. In this paper, we propose a method for human physical activity recognition using time series, collected from a single tri-axial accelerometer of a smartphone. Primarily, the method solves a problem of online time series segmentation, assuming that each meaningful segment corresponds to one fundamental period of motion. To extract the fundamental period we construct the phase trajectory matrix, applying the technique of principal component analysis. The obtained segments refer to various types of human physical activity. To recognize these activities we use the k-nearest neighbor algorithm and neural network as an alternative. We verify the accuracy of the proposed algorithms by testing them on the WISDM dataset of labeled accelerometer time series from thirteen users. The results show that our method achieves high precision, ensuring nearly 96 % recognition accuracy when using the bunch of segmentation and k-nearest neighbor algorithms.

REST 웹서비스 Open API를 사용한 분산처리 기법 연구

The majority of next generation information systems will be working on portable mobile devices such as smartphones. REST Open API web services have quickly become popular among mobile application development. The use of REST web services are not only growing in popularity but totally changing the way of mobile applications development. This is because REST web services could be used in application development as a form of building blocks, which is completely independent, compatible, to any platforms. With this strength, REST web services encourage third party application to build add-on functionality. This research proposes the use of REST web service to replace the use of socket APIs into major internet communication APIs. To this end, this paper also provide performance evaluation of the REST web services compared to the conventional socket APIs, focusing on scalability by analytical and experimental evaluations. Finally, we summarize the possibility whether REST Open API web services have enough performance as future major internet communication primitive APIs..

Improvement of voice quality and prevention of deafness by a bone-conduction device

In modern society, people are involuntarily being exposed to various noises in their everyday-life environments. The increasing use of mobile phones and other portable devices as a primary means of communication outside of homes makes the current noise condition even worse. During the exchange of information on these devices, the volume is usually set 15 dB higher than the surrounding noise in order for the sound to be perceived more clearly. Hence, the sum of noise on these devices is usually estimated to be around 110 dB. This level of noise can cause noise-induced hearing impairment or even hearing loss to users when continued for a long time. A bone-conduction system can be a possible solution to reducing the noise while enhancing the quality of voice signals in mobile phones. In this study, we suggest that the implementation of the bone-conduction feedback system in mobile phones will raise the ratio of signal to noise with about 17 dB, enhancing the quality of voice signals.

Aplikasi M-Commerce Berbasis Android Pada Toko “Fani Bags”

Bags Fani store is one bag shop. Fani Bags store sells a wide range of bags such as backpacks, travel bags, briefcases etc. However, the mechanism of buying and selling or marketing is done manually, the buyer must come to the store to buy goods from Fani Bags. Then it becomes inefficient. M-commerce (mobile commerce) is a trading system that is performed by the method of trading is done with portable media or mobile devices such as smartphones, PDAs etc. This application is based Mobile Application (Android) using java programming and MySQL as the database and PHP as webserver. M-commerce to be a solution to solve the problems on the Fani Bags store due to m-commerce and smart phones as a media liaison, customers can easily access or purchase products Fani Bags store without having to come to the store. It can be concluded using mobile commerce applications of this transaction will be carried out more easily, efficiently, and of course the wider area coverage

A Mobile-Terminal-Oriented and Mobile-Cloud-Computing-Based Localized Scheduling Algorithm

Mobile Cloud Computing utilizes cloud computing in the mobile internet. It takes the advantage of portability of mobile devices, and uses cloud computing to make up mobile devices' shortcomings, i.e., the capabilities of computation and storage. With the advent of cloud computing, more and more IT companies establish their own cloud computing platforms by using Hadoop, which gradually makes Hadoop a distributed cloud computing platform. By considering important attributes of mobile devices, e.g., low computation workload, high concurrency, and high real-time demand, we propose in this paper a local scheduling algorithm which is based on Hadoop mobile cloud computing, and we analyze the influence of response time and throughput on the system utility.

Performance evaluation for delay time estimation in IEEE 802.16m sleep mode

Frequent use of various mobile application services consumes a great amount of battery power in mobile devices. In order to satisfy user convenience and keep the portability of mobile devices, a power saving mechanism is essential for the success of mobile communication technologies. This paper evaluates performances of the power saving mechanism of IEEE 802.16m, one of the solutions for the fourth generation mobile communication technology. When a mobile device does not communicate with a base station, it temporarily shuts down communication-related modules and circuits in order to save the battery power. During that period, the device cannot listen to incoming traffic from the base station, which causes an inevitable delay at the expense of reducing power consumption. Arriving packets are transmitted only after the device enters either the awake mode or the listening window in the sleep mode. Four power saving mechanisms are examined in the simulation:1) fixed maximum operating parameters, 2) fixed minimum operating parameters, 3) moving average policy, and 4) exponential increase policy. To evaluate the performance of the sleep mode operation in IEEE 802.16m, an analytical model is developed for delay time based on M/D/1 queueing system. Performances of the power saving mechanisms are evaluated with Poisson and traffic models for five applications: WEB, FTP, GAME, VIDEO, and VOICE, which reflects real service environment.

Proposed M-Payment System Using Near-Field Communication and Based on WSN-Enabled Location-Based Services for M-Commerce

Advances in mobile communication and information technology have resulted in wireless sensor network (WSN) systems in which mobile phones (smart phones) can be used to conduct a wide variety of commercial, social, entertainment, and file-sharing transactions. In particular, mobile commerce (m-commerce) allows users to conduct payment, business, and service transactions over portable mobile devices. This trend has been enhanced by the development of near-field communication (NFC) technology and the increased market for NFC-embedded (smart phones). NFC technology is a standards-based wireless communication technology that allows data to be exchanged between devices located a few centimeters apart, such as radio-frequency identification (RFID tags and readers). To refine the m-commerce process in the NFC-based mobile environment, we study NFC and location-based services propose a WSN-hosted m-payment system based on these technologies.

The Design and Evaluation of An Information Sharing System for Human Networks

With fast-growing consumer demands and rapidly-developing mobile technologies, portable mobile devices are becoming a necessity of our daily lives. However, existing mobile devices rely on the wireless infrastructure to access Internet services provided by central application providers. This architecture is inefficient in many situations and also does not utilize abundant interdevice communication opportunities in many scenarios. This paper proposes the human network (HUNET), a network architecture that enables information sharing between mobile devices through direct interdevice communication. We design B-SUB, an interest-driven information sharing system for HUNETs. In B-SUB, content and user interests are described by tags, which are human-readable strings that are designated by users. An experiment is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this tag-based content description method. To facilitate efficient data dissemination, we invent the Temporal Counting Bloom filter (TCBF) to encode tags, which also reduces the overhead of content routing. Comprehensive theoretical analyses on the parameter tuning of B-SUB are presented and verify B-SUB's ability to work efficiently under various network conditions. We then extend B-SUB's routing scheme to provide a stronger privacy guarantee. Extensive real-world trace-driven simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of B-SUB, and the results demonstrate its efficiency and usefulness.

Friend-Based Prediction Routing Protocol in Socially-Aware Opportunistic Networks

Mobile devices are popular used in peoples life. Generally, most of portable mobile devices are carried by people. Thus, the mobility of mobile devices is influenced heavily by peoples social relationship. Socially-aware Opportunistic Networks are used in intermittently connected networks by use of store-carry-and-forward fashion. It is mainly based on social relationship to design solutions for problem such as routing protocol or data dissemination. In this paper, we exploit social relationship about friendships information among people and use them to predict the contact opportunities. We present Friend-based Prediction routing protocol (FBP) and establish experiment based on ONE. The simulation results show that the efficiency of FBP outperforms Epidemic and PROPHET in higher delivery ratio, lower overhead and shorter average latency.

Polysulfide shuttle control: Towards a lithium-sulfur battery with superior capacity performance up to 1000 cycles by matching the sulfur/electrolyte loading

Lithium-sulfur battery is one of the most promising alternative power sources, but the polysulfide shuttle between the anode and cathode induces low Coulombic efficiency, low utilization of the sulfur cathode, and severe degradation of cycle life. Herein, the polysulfide shuttle was tuned by the loading of sulfur and electrolyte in a Li-S cell. A lithium-sulfur cell with a high initial discharge capacity of 1053 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 1 C and an ultralow decay rate of 0.049%/per cycle during 1000 cycles was obtained by using carbon nanotube@sulfur cathode and suppressing polysulfide shuttle to a shuttle factor of 0.02 by matching the sulfur/electrolyte loading. The use of matching the sulfur/electrolyte loading is a facile way to tune the shuttle of polysulfide, which provides not only new insights to the energy chemistry of Li/S batteries, but also important principle to assemble a Li/S cell with recommend loading for their commercialization application in portable mobile devices and electric vehicles.

An ASMT variant associated with bipolar disorder influences sleep and circadian rhythms: a pilot study

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) experience persistent circadian rhythm and sleep abnormalities during periods of remission, and biological studies have shown that these patients have abnormal melatonin secretion profiles or reactivity to light. We previously reported the association with BD of a common polymorphism (rs4446909) of the promoter of the acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) gene, encoding one of the two enzymes involved in melatonin biosynthesis. This variant was associated with weaker transcription and lower levels of ASMT activity in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Actigraphy, based on the use of a mobile portable device for the analysis of sleep/wake cycles in natural conditions, may be useful for studies of carriers of the at-risk allele. We studied the association between the ASMT rs4446909 variant and sleep/activity, as assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and by actigraphy, in 53 subjects (25 patients with BD in remission and 28 healthy controls). The two groups were similar for age, sex ratio, current mood symptoms, body mass index and risk of sleep apnea syndrome. In the total sample, the GG at-risk genotype was associated with longer sleep duration (P = 0.03), greater activity in active periods of sleep (P = 0.015) and greater interday stability (P = 0.003). These associations remained significant when disease status was included in the model. Only the association with interday stability remained significant after correction for multiple testing. This pilot study thus shows that a BD-associated functional variant involved in the melatonin synthesis pathway influences sleep and circadian rhythms in bipolar patients in remission and controls.

대칭형 인공자기도체 구조를 이용한 메타물질 특성의 고임피던스 표면 구현 및 SAR 특성 분석

In this paper, we proposed new type of an artificial magnetic conductor(AMC) structure, which has a high impedance surface for realizing the meta-material characteristics. The designed AMC structure set a goal of 3.2GHz, and the reflector, which consists of periodically arrayed AMCs is fabricated and measured. The high impedance improves the reflection coefficient, decreases the system size and interference, and increases the antenna performance. The structure has embodied the high impedance by the thickness and relative permitivity of the dielectric substrate and the design configuration without the metallic via hole which connects the AMC to the GND. The bandwidth is 150% broader than the similar AMC structures. Also, the distance between the antenna and the AMC reflector is decreased by as working as the metal(PEC) reflectors. The antenna radiation characteristics are 3dB increased at 10mm away from reflector by measurement. The proposed reflector could be inserted in the portable mobile devices, and the antenna`s performance has improved by the reflector. The specific absorption rate is dramatically decreased over 94% because the back radiation of the antenna is shielded.

Improvement of a Dynamic ID-Based Remote User Authentication Scheme for Multi-Server Environment Using Smart Card

In 2011, Lee et al. analyzed the security weaknesses of Hsiang et al.s scheme and proposed a security dynamic ID-based multi-server remote user authentication scheme. They claimed that their protocol is secure and efficient. However, we observe that Lee et al.'s scheme is still vulnerable to stolen smart card attack, malicious server attack. To remedy these security weaknesses, we propose an improved dynamic ID-based remote user authentication scheme for multi-server environment. Besides, security analysis and performance analysis show that compared with other remote user authentication schemes, the proposed scheme is more secure and possesses lower computation cost. As a result, the proposed scheme seems to be more practical for users with portable mobile devices in multi-server environment.

모바일 기기를 활용한 조선 생산 실행계획 지원 시스템 개발 : 판넬라인 개발 사례를 중심으로

Owing to the development of mobile communication technology during the last a few years, the number of users of mobile devices such as the smartphone and the tablet PC has increased rapidly. As a result, the range of applications of the mobile devices has also been greatly expanded from an application for the convenience of daily life to an application for assisting the operations of industrial fields. Especially, portability of mobile devices can provide great help in collecting and using information on the production site. In shipbuilding production processes, it is difficult to collect changes of circumstance in the field and reflect the changes to schedule due to the low production automation rate and frequent changes in schedule. In this study, we propose a system to solve the problems of shipbuilding production processes such as the ones described above by using mobile devices. First of all, we organize the production information and production processes of the panel line through the analysis of shipyard panel line operations. Next, we have developed a system that can support the production execution plan of the panel line and monitor the production processes in the field. The system was developed utilizing application virtualization to allow access to the system from various platforms of mobile devices and PC's. The system was implemented using ooCBD methodology considering the future expansion of the system and ease of maintenance.

Intra and Inter-Observer Reliability of Mobile Tablet PACS Viewer System vs. Standard PACS Viewing Station-Diagnosis of Acute Central Nervous System Events

Background and Purpose: The display resolution of the Apple iPad? is 1024 × 768 pixels, which is greater than that required for generating the typical CT or MRI images. The purpose of this study is to determine if specific CT and MR sequences can be interpreted accurately on mobile device/PACS software platforms when compared to a traditional stationary high resolution monitor/PACS radiological workstation. If so, this allows radiologists to provide comparable interpretation as if they were onsite at an imaging center or hospital. Materials and Methods: This study is an investigator initiated, single site, retrospective, nonrandomized, IRB approved study. Five radiologists were included in this study. Each independently interpreted specific CT and MR sequences on traditional high-resolution LCD monitors via eFilm? software as well as an iPad? mobile device using Osirix? software program. Repeat interpretations were performed, with 4 weeks minimum interval between interpretations of each patient. This investigation included: 50 patients with CTA perfusion imaging, 50 patients with MRI of the brain, and 50 patients with MRI of the spine, which were image study orders generated through emergency room requests. Subsequently, interpretive results of each radiologist for each patient were statistically compared to evaluate for intra-observer and inter-observer reliability. Results: The parameters set within the CTA perfusion brain studies demonstrated excellent intra-observer variability. All of the parameters within the MRI brain studies demonstrated excellent intra-observer variability with a Cohen’s kappa value > 0.75. The Cohen’s kappa values for the board certified neuroradiologist demonstrated excellent variability for all parameters; the resident radiologists had good variability, with a majority of kappa values near 0.75. Conclusions: The data and statistical analysis demonstrated that portable mobile devices such as the Apple iPad? can display adequate resolution of CT and MRI sequences to accurately diagnose acute central nervous system injuries and other non-acute pathology.