Porous MnCo2O4 Research Articles

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitors assembled with novel disc-like MnCo2O4 microstructures as advanced cathode material

Herein, porous MnCo2O4 with disc-like (MnCo2O4-discs) and ring-like (MnCo2O4-rings) microstructures were respectively synthesized using an initial hydrothermal method at different temperatures and a calcination treatment in air. The electrochemical properties of these MnCo2O4 materials were investigated in three-electrode and two-electrode systems, and as such, MnCo2O4 presented a battery-like electrochemical response. The specific capacity of MnCo2O4-discs was determined to be 296.1C/g at 1 A/g, superior to 246.3C/g for MnCo2O4-rings. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled with MnCo2O4 as the cathode and activated carbon (AC) as the anode to evaluate the potential for practical application. The MnCo2O4-discs//AC ASC exhibited an energy density (Ed) of 35.8 W h kg−1 at a power density (Pd) of 927.5 W kg−1. For the MnCo2O4-rings//AC ASC, an inferior Ed of 31.4 W h kg−1 under 890.9 W kg−1 was achieved. Furthermore, the two ASCs presented outstanding cyclic performance after 5000 cycles at 6 A/g. The exceptional properties of MnCo2O4 microstructures can be applied to the assembly of ASC devices, which can have promising potential for application in electrochemical energy storage. This synthetic method is straightforward, cost-effective, and can be extended to fabricate similar electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance.

Phase transition mechanism of the solid-state reaction of two variable-valence metal oxides: Cobalt and manganese oxides

Due to the state transition of variable-valence ions during the solid-state reaction, the reaction mechavnism is complex. As one of the function materials in supercapacitors and catalysts, there is much research on the property and function mechanism of MnCo2O4. But it’s necessary to study the chemical reaction and a productive method for realizing wide application. In this paper, solid-state reaction method with high efficiency was applied to produce MnCo2O4 and investigated the reaction process of oxides, the formation mechanism of MnCo2O4, respectively. Thermodynamic and roasting experiments of single metal oxides demonstrated the actual stability of MnO2 and Co3O4 in the air. Furthermore, Roasting experiments on different metal oxide systems revealed Mn2O3 and Mn3O4 were the effective reactants of MnCo2O4, which reacted with Co3O4 respectively to produce MnCo2O4. Moreover, the optimum condition of the preparation of MnCo2O4 was determined to be 1150 ℃ with a 90-minute in a 3:2 molar ratio of MnO2 and Co3O4. MnCo2O4 were composed of Mn2+, Mn3+, Co2+, and Co3+, the property of Mn-O and Co-O bonds at 1.50 Å and 1.54 Å all including tetrahedral and octahedral sites with a bond length of 1.9–1.92 Å and 1.93–1.94 Å, respectively. Mn and Co atoms are located at octahedral sites with two coordinated distances: MeOh-MeOh, MeOh-MeTd. The migration behavior of elements in MnO2-Co3O4 diffusion couple was found to manganese move to Co-based and generate a porous MnCo2O4 at the interface. The formation mechanism of spinel-type MnCo2O4 was explained: While Co3O4 was activated, Mn4+ was decomposed to Mn2+ and Mn3+ in the oxidation roasting process. Further, Mn2+ and Mn3+ replaced part of tetrahedral Co2+ and octahedral Co3+ in [Co(2+)][Co(3+)]2O4 to form a spinel-type [Mn(2+)Co(2+)][Mn(3+)Co(3+)]2O4.

Nitrogen-doped porous carbon coated on MnCo2O4 nanospheres as electrode materials for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Spinel-based nanostructured materials are commonly used as promising electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. The combination of heteroatom-doped carbon material with spinel oxides substantially improves the specific capacitance and cyclic stability. In this work, dopamine-derived nitrogen-doped carbon was coated on spinel phase MnCo2O4 nanospheres using simple solvothermal and calcination methods. Surface morphology and the crystalline structure of the prepared MnCo2O4@Nitrogen-doped carbon were confirmed by FESEM and X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical performance of MnCo2O4@Nitrogen-doped carbon electrode material was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. MnCo2O4@nitrogen-doped carbon exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 1200 F/g compared to MnCo2O4 spheres are 726 F/g at 1 A/g and exhibits excellent cyclic stability (capacitance retention of 87% at 7 A/g after 3000 cycles). The enhanced performance of the composite might be benefitted from the synergistic effect between nitrogen-doped carbon on porous MnCo2O4 spheres. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor device was fabricated by using the optimized composition of MnCo2O4@NC-2 as a positive electrode and nitrogen, sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (NS-rGO) as a negative electrode, respectively. This asymmetric supercapacitor device achieves a maximum energy density of 61.0 Wh/kg at a power density of 2889 W/kg and possesses excellent capacitance retention of 95% after 5000 cycles at 7 A/g.

Advanced hybrid supercapacitors assembled with high-performance porous MnCo2O4.5 nanosheets as battery-type cathode materials

Porous MnCo2O4.5 nanosheets (NSs) were fabricated through a sequence of synthetic procedures containing initial solvothermal reactions, precursor aging in water, hydrothermal treatment, and final annealing conversion in air. These ultrathin NSs possessed a huge specific surface area of 104.93 m2 g−1 along with an average pore size of 14.15 nm. Electrochemical performance of the NSs was assessed in three-electrode & two-electrode systems. It was confirmed that the MnCo2O4.5 NSs delivered a specific capacity of 304.37 C g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 225.60 C g−1 at 10 A g−1 in 2 M of KOH electrolyte. To evaluate the practical application in electrochemical energy storage, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) was assembled with MnCo2O4.5 NSs as cathode and activated carbon (AC) as anode. The MnCo2O4.5 NSs//AC HSC exhibited a high energy density of 33.36 W h kg−1 at the power density of 950.83 W kg−1, and showed an outstanding cyclic durability with 100.04 % capacity retention over 5000 cycles at 6 A g−1. The current synthetic strategy provides a good pathway for the preparation of other transition metal oxides (TMOs)-based electrode materials with large surface area and superior electrochemical property for the further assembly of advanced HSC devices.

Oxygen vacancies engineering in hollow and porous MnCo2O4 nanoflowers-coated separators for advanced Li-S batteries

A synergistic adsorption-catalysis functional layer consisting of hollow and porous MnCo2O4 nanoflowers with abundant oxygen vacancies is coated on commercial separators for durable high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Benefiting from well-abundant oxygen vacancies (Vo) formed at low temperatures, the modified separators exhibit excellent catalytic conversion activity towards lithium polysulfides (LiPS) and prevent LiPS from accumulating on the separator surface. And the Vo in MnCo2O4 with spinel-type structure alters the chemical interactions between MnCo2O4 and LiPS, achieving excellent immobilization towards LiPS. Meanwhile, the hierarchical nanostructures offer numerous spaces for insoluble LiPS deposition, thus ensuring sufficient channels for fast lithium-ions (Li+) transfer. As a result, the batteries assembled with the modified separators present a high initial discharge capacity of 1089 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C with the capacity retention of 83.7% after 200 cycles and outstanding long cycle stability with an ultra-low decay rate of 0.067% each cycle at 2 C. Therefore, such an appealing strategy, combining hierarchical nanostructures with oxygen vacancies engineering in the modified separators, provides a new idea to rationally devise durable and efficient LSBs.

Nanosheet-assembled porous MnCo2O4.5 microflowers as electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries

Herein, the MnCo2O4.5 microflowers (MFs) assembled by two-dimensional (2D) porous nanosheets were prepared through an initial solvothermal reaction with a subsequent annealing process. In this architecture, many interconnected 2D thin nanosheets were self-assembled together to form a 3D hierarchical MF with plenty of open channels. Such structure endows these MnCo2O4.5 MFs with large specific surface area of 156.85 m2/g for energy storage and provides rich ion diffusion pathways for ion transportation, thus the as-prepared MFs can exhibit good overall electrochemical performance in both hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) and lithium-ion battery (LIB). For the utilization in supercapacitor, the MFs deliver a specific capacity of 287.02 C/g at 1 A/g as well as a rate capability with 73.3 % capacity retention at 8 A/g. The energy density of the HSC assembled by MFs and activated carbon can reach up to 30.33 W h kg−1 at 959.35 W kg−1. When applied as the anode for Li-ion battery, a specific capacity of 1340.8 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A/g and cycling performance with low capacity loss of 0.73 mAh/g per cycle after 200 cycles at 0.5 A/g can be achieved. This work uncovers a repeatable and facile synthetic strategy to prepare transition metal oxides with large specific surface area and good overall electrochemical property.

Facile growth of nickel foam-supported MnCo2O4.5 porous nanowires as binder-free electrodes for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

In this work, porous MnCo2O4.5 nanowires (NWs) were directly grown on nickel foam (NF) via an initial hydrothermal route with an extra annealing treatment of precursor. Another comparative experiment was conducted with a lower amount of urea to obtain particle-based MnCo2O4.5 films. These binder-free MnCo2O4.5@NF electrodes exhibited battery-type electro-chemical response with superior electro-chemical performance. Especially, the MnCo2O4.5-NWs@NF delivered a huge capacity of 288.47 C g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 78.07% of capacity retention at 10 A g−1. Moreover, a hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) that was assembled using activated carbon (AC) as an anode could operate over a voltage of 1.7 V. The MnCo2O4.5-NWs@NF//AC HSC delivered an energy density of up to 29.57 W h kg−1 at the power density of 914.28 W kg−1, and it could still hold 20.82 W h kg−1 since the power density was improved to 8.24 kW kg−1. In addition, both these MnCo2O4.5 NWs- and films-based HSCs showed an impressive cyclic stability over continuous 6000 cycles at a high current density of 6 A g−1, but only a little capacity decay was observed. Such extraordinary electro-chemical performance makes the binder-free MnCo2O4.5-NWs@NF electrode material promising and very feasible to be applied for electro-chemical energy storage devices such as batteries, supercapacitors, and so on.

Oxygen Vacancies Engineering in Hollow and Porous Mnco2o4 Nanoflowers-Coated Separators for Advanced Li-S Batteries

Oxygen Vacancies Engineering in Hollow and Porous Mnco2o4 Nanoflowers-Coated Separators for Advanced Li-S Batteries

Promotion of rapid microwave-assisted synthesized porous manganese-cobalt catalyst on low-temperature toluene oxidation

A series of crystalline porous materials MnCo2O4.5 catalysts were successfully synthesized by a one-step rapid microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (WH) with different microwave efficiency and duration time, which brings better catalytic activity compared with the catalyst MnCo2O4 synthesized by conventional hydrothermal method (CH). The microwave effect could attribute larger specific surface area and exposure more active sites by the Hot Spot effect during the synthesis process. The good activity of porous metal oxides MnCo2O4.5 also comes from the large total pore volume, and abundant oxygen vacancies, according to the characterization results. The difference in toluene catalytic oxidation activity between the samples was investigated using the removal rate and the mineralization rate as assessment criteria. The results shows that the temperature required for complete removal of toluene is as follows: MnCo2O4.5: 200 ℃; MnCo2O4: 250 ℃. The temperature of the total mineralization of toluene is as follows: MnCo2O4.5: 250 ℃; MnCo2O4: 275 ℃. Besides, the best synthesis condition of the catalyst is 250 W (microwave power) and 20 min (microwave time). Therefore, the microwave-assisted method has successfully synthesized crystalline porous materials and achieved excellent catalytic oxidation performance of toluene, and the unique surface characteristics of the catalyst facilitate the catalytic oxidation reaction under the Marse-van Krevelen mechanism.

Reliable electroanalysis of Hg(II) in water via flower-like porous MnCo2O4: Excellent multilayer adsorption and (Mn, Co)(II)/(Mn, Co)(III) cycles

Constructing an electrochemical sensing interface with high sensitivity and revealing its sensitive mechanism is of great significance for the reliable determination of trace Hg(II) in water. In this work, flower-like porous MnCo2O4 nanomaterial was prepared and applied as an electrode modifier to detect Hg(II). The obtained sensitivity and limit of detection were 70.679 μA μM−1 and 0.004 μM, respectively. Meanwhile, the possible reasons for enhancing the stripping signal of Hg(II) were investigated by combining adsorption isotherms, electrochemical experiments, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests, etc. These results showed that the flower-like porous MnCo2O4 nanomaterial has a high and multilayer adsorption of Hg(II), and then Hg(II) readily diffuses from the outer surface of the MnCo2O4 to the electrode surface, so that more Hg(II) redox reactions occur. Besides, the (Mn, Co)(II)/(Mn, Co)(III) cycles were found to be an essential factor for promoting the redox reaction and improving the electrochemical signal of Hg(II). The electrochemical sensing interface possesses high anti-interference ability, excellent stability and reproducibility. Significantly, this electrochemical sensor obtained accurate result for the analysis of Hg(II) in real water samples. These findings provide new insights into designing superior electrode modifiers and understanding the sensitive mechanisms that improve electrochemical signals.

Selective combination of highly porous hollow structured bimetallic spinel oxides with improved redox chemistry for electrochemical hybrid capacitor

Highly porous hollow/core-shell nanostructures with controlled shapes and sizes have fascinated great importance in the development of high-performance energy storage devices. The well-controlled porous nanostructures with larger surface area could provide better electrochemical behavior owing to rapid diffusion of electrolyte ions into their interiors and demonstrate maximum charge storage capacity compared to their solid counterparts. Herein, we designed highly porous spinel structured CoMn2O4 hollow nanospheres (CMO HNSs) and hierarchical porous MnCo2O4 nanoflowers (MCO NFs) with controlled morphologies using ethylene glycol as a mediated solvent via a simple and eco-friendly wet chemical method. The prepared materials revelaed dominant battery-type behavior with excellent electrochemical performance in aqueous alkaline electrolyte. With the synergistic morphological features, the designed construction of CMO HNSs exhibited a maximum specific capacity of 168 mA h g−1 at current density of 1 A g−1 with superior cycling stability (∼90% at 6 A g−1) which were comparatively higher than the MCO NFs. Moreover, a pouch-like electrochemical hybrid capacitor was fabricated with CMO HNSs and activated carbon, which delivered a maximum energy density of 26.8 W h kg−1 and power density of 9816 W kg−1 with longer cycling durability. By utilizing higher energy storage performance, the fabricated device effectively powered up various portable electronic devices.

Hydrothermal synthesis of porous hydrangea-like MnCo2O4 as anode materials for high performance lithium ion batteries

Porous hydrangea-like MnCo2O4 (h-MCO) have been prepared by simple hydrothermal and calcination methods. The stable three-dimensional (3D) structure, large specific surface area and mesoporous properties make it a huge potentiality for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) anode compared with rod-shaped MnCo2O4 (r-MCO). The discharge specific capacity of h-MCO maintained at 930 Ah/kg over 100 cycles at 0.1 A/g. Even cycling over 600 times at 1 A/g, the discharge capacity was still 678 Ah/kg, performing a good cycling performance. When the current densities gradually increased from 0.1 to 2 A/g, the average discharge capacity of h-MCO kept 1255, 1092, 969, 851, 717 and 566 Ah/kg, showing a good rate performance and promising prospects for LIBs.

MOFs-derived MnCo2O4 nanowires with porous structures for lithium-ion battery anodes

Porous binary metal oxides with high theoretical specific capacities and power density are attracting increasing attentions as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the synthesis of porous MnCo2O4 nanowires through direct calcination of metal–organic frameworks in air. The resulting MnCo2O4 nanowires exhibited enhanced lithium-storage performance (929 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles). The outstanding lithium-storage performances of the resulting MnCo2O4 nanowires can be ascribed to their unique porous architectures, which offer a proximate pathway for the transfer of electrolyte and electrons over long cycling periods.

Enhanced cycle performance of hierarchical porous sphere MnCo2O4 for asymmetric supercapacitors

A binary transition metal oxides MnCo2O4 with hierarchical porous sphere structure (MnCo2O4 PSs) electrode material for supercapacitor was prepared by a moderate methanol solvothermal and calcination method. The MnCo2O4 PSs presents a large specific surface area (213.2 m2 g−1). Hierarchical porous sphere is beneficial for forming conductive networks and furnishing more electrochemically active sites. Amazingly, the MnCo2O4 PSs exhibits brilliant electrochemical properties that a relatively high specific capacitance of 1044 F g−1 and remarkable cycling stability (133.3% retention after 10000 cycles) are owned. A mimetic asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was constructed by the MnCo2O4 PSs and the starch-derived carbon foam material (SCF) as positive and negative electrode, respectively. The MnCo2O4 PSs//SCF ASC shows excellent specific energy (42.27 Wh kg−1) at the specific power of 400 W kg−1 under the optimal output potential difference of 1.6 V and long-term cycling stability. Herein, the MnCo2O4 PSs electrode material prepared in this work is a distinguished candidate material for supercapacitor.

Hierarchical porous MnCo2O4 yolk-shell microspheres from MOFs as secondary nanomaterials for high power lithium ion batteries.

Hierarchical porous MnCo2O4 yolk-shell microspheres have been synthesized via a facile chemical precipitation method with subsequent calcination treatment. The hierarchical porous MnCo2O4 yolk-shell microspheres as secondary nanomaterials can improve the effective contact area between the MnCo2O4 electrode and electrolyte, accommodate the volume variations during cycling, and shorten the Li+ diffusion path in the nanoparticles. Benefiting from their particular structure and interconnected pores, as anodes for lithium ion batteries, the hierarchical porous MnCo2O4 yolk-shell microspheres show high reversible lithium storage capacity, excellent cycling performance and enhanced rate capability. More importantly, they also exhibit long-life and high-rate lithium storage as high as 691.3 mA h g-1 after 500 cycles even at 1 C.

Viable Synthesis of Porous MnCo2 O4 /Graphene Composite by Sonochemical Grafting: A High-Rate-Capable Oxygen Cathode for Li-O2 Batteries.

With an anticipation of their use in electric vehicles, Li-O2 batteries are found to be attractive despite their complex chemistry and drawbacks. To be successful, cathode materials that are robust enough to overcome the sluggish kinetics of the charge-discharge reactions are essential. This work reports sonochemically synthesized porous MnCo2 O4 /graphene (MCO/G) as a hybrid cathode material in nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries. The MCO/G hybrid is synthesized in less than four hours and offers a strong synergistic coupling between the MnCo2 O4 nanospheres and graphene sheets. It catalyzes the oxygen reduction through a three-electron-transfer process and initiates the oxygen evolution at 1.55 V vs. RHE in basic medium. A small charge-discharge voltage hysteresis of 0.8 V and a cycle life of 250 cycles at a limited capacity of 1000 mAh g-1 in a tetraglyme-based nonaqueous Li-O2 battery is demonstrated. The porous channels created on the sonochemically synthesized cathode facilitates easy oxygen adsorption onto the active sites to accommodate more discharge products following its decomposition. It exhibits a better rate capability in comparison to the widely used Vulcan carbon and benchmark Pt/C catalysts. The excellent cyclability, rate capability, and low overpotential demonstrates MnCo2 O4 /graphene composite as a promising cathode candidate for Li-O2 batteries. The porous nanosphere architecture with internal oxygen diffusion pathways and peripheral conductive graphene extensions fulfils the requirements that a robust cathode is expected to have to overcome the harsh Li-O2 battery conditions and to serve as a high-rate-capable cathode for Li-O2 batteries.

Solvothermal synthesis of porous MnCo2O4.5 spindle-like microstructures as high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors

This study presents the facile preparation of novel MnCo2O4.5 microspindles (MSs) for the first time through a rapid solvothermal method combined with subsequent calcination of the precursor at 450 °C for 4 h in air. The MnCo2O4.5 MSs have an average length of 4–5 µm and diameter of 2–4 µm, respectively, achieving a specific surface area as high as 83.3 m2 g−1. In addition, the size and morphology of the MnCo2O4.5 microstructures could be easily tuned by some parameters including reaction time, volume ratio of ethanol to water, and dosage of urea. The electrochemical performance was further evaluated in three-electrode system, detailed electrochemical characterizations revealed that such MnCo2O4.5 MSs exhibited both high specific capacitance of 343 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 and excellent cycling performance of 81.3% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at a current density of 4 A g−1 in 2 M of KOH electrolyte, which made it a potential electrode material for an advanced supercapacitor. Furthermore, the present synthetic method is simple and can be extended to the synthesis of other electrode materials based on transition metal oxides.

Hierarchical MnCo2O4@CoMoO4 core-shell nanowire arrays supported on Ni foam for supercapacitor

Hierarchical MnCo2O4@CoMoO4 core-shell nanowire arrays (NAs) with mesoporous and large surface area are successfully synthesized on Ni foam via a facile, two-step hydrothermal method. In the hierarchical structure, the MnCo2O4 NAs act as a backbone for directly electron conductive pathway, and the ultrathin CoMoO4 nanosheets (NSs) serve as the shell, which uniformly loading onto the MnCo2O4 NAs, significantly enhancing the surface area of the electrode, providing more active sites for Faradaic redox reactions. In addition, the mesoporous and NAs structures are very beneficial for the penetration of electrolyte, leading to an efficient ion transfer rates. Due to the synergistic effects contributed from both the porous MnCo2O4 NAs core and the CoMoO4 shell, the hierarchical electrode exhibits high specific capacitance (2115.38 F g-1 at 1.1 A g−1), excellent rate capability and superior cycling stability (maintaining 119% even after 5000 cycles at a current density of 19 A g−1). Additionally, an asymmetric device is fabricated with MnCo2O4@CoMoO4 core-shell NAs as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. Impressively, the MnCo2O4@CoMoO4//AC asymmetric device shows a high energy density of 37.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 527.8 W kg−1, indicating the great promise of practical applications.

Fabrication of the porous MnCo2O4 nanorod arrays on Ni foam as an advanced electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors

In this work, the porous MnCo2O4 nanorod arrays on three-dimensional Ni foam (PMCN@NF) as electrode material have been fabricated through a mild co-precipitating reaction at room temperature followed by a subsequent thermal treatment. The PMCN@NF electrode material have been characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS-mapping, BET and XPS technologies. The capacitive performances of the PMCN@NF electrode have been investigated by CV, GCD and EIS. This porous structure possesses an average diameter of ∼6.7 nm. BET interface area is measured to be 105.6 m2 g−1 for this PMCN@NF electrode. This PMCN@NF electrode exhibits the good capacitance of 845.6 F g−1 (tested condition: 1 ampere per gram, 1 A g−1). After 2000 cycles test, it shows a 90.2% retention for specific capacitance of the first test. The MnCo2O4//rGO asymmetric supercapacitor with the stable opening voltage of 1.6 V delivers a maximum energy density of 53.7 Wh kg−1 (when the power density is 1600 W kg−1). When this power density up to 8000 W kg−1, it still achieves an energy density of 31.6 Wh kg−1. The cyclic stability of this device after 5000 cycles can achieve an initial capacitance retention of 82.0%. These results indicate that the porous MnCo2O4 nanorod arrays electrode material is a promising functional material for advanced energy conversion and storage equipment.

Porous MnCo2O4 as superior anode material over MnCo2O4 nanoparticles for rechargeable lithium ion batteries

Pyro synthesis is a method to coat nanoparticles by uniform layer of carbon without using any conventional carbon source. The resultant carbon coating can be evaporated in the form of CO or CO2 at high temperature with the creation of large number of nanopores on the sample surface. Hence, a porous MnCo2O4 is successfully synthesized here with the same above strategy. It is believed that the electrolyte can easily permeate through these nanopores into the bulk of the sample and allow rapid access of Li+ ions during charge/discharge cycling. In order to compare the superiority of the porous sample synthesized by pyro synthesis method, MnCo2O4 nanoparticles are also synthesized by sol-gel synthesis method at the same parameters. When tested as anode materials for lithium ion battery application, porous MnCo2O4 electrode shows high capacity with long lifespan at all the investigated current rates in comparison to MnCo2O4 nanoparticles electrode.