Pornographic Pictures Research Articles

The standardization of a new Explicit Pornographic Picture Set (EPPS)

Pictures with affective content have been extensively used in scientific studies of emotion and sexuality. However, only a few standardized picture sets have been developed that offer explicit images, with most lacking pornographic pictures depicting diverse sexual practices. This study aimed to fill this gap through developing a standardized affective set of diverse pornographic pictures (masturbation, oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex, group sex, paraphilia) of same-sex and opposite-sex content, offering dimensional affective ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance, as well as co-elicited discrete emotions (disgust, moral and ethical acceptance). In total, 192 pornographic pictures acquired from online pornography platforms and 24 control IAPS images have been rated by 319 participants (Mage = 22.66, SDage = 4.66) with self-reported same- and opposite-sex sexual attraction. Stimuli were representative of the entire affective space, including positively and negatively perceived pictures. Participants showed differential affective perception of pornographic pictures according to gender and sexual attraction. Differences in affective ratings related to participants’ gender and sexual attraction, as well as stimuli content (depicted sexual practices and sexes). From the stimuli set, researchers can select explicit pornographic pictures based on the obtained affective ratings and technical parameters (i.e., pixel size, luminosity, color space, contrast, chromatic complexity, spatial frequency, entropy). The stimuli set may be considered a valid tool of diverse explicit pornographic pictures covering the affective space, in particular, for women and men with same- and opposite-sex sexual attraction. This new explicit pornographic picture set (EPPS) is available to the scientific community for non-commercial use.

The Impact of Negative Mood on Event-Related Potentials When Viewing Pornographic Pictures.

Background: Negative affective states may increase the risk for problematic pornography use. Underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are, however, not completely understood. Previous research suggests that the participants' emotional state may affect neural processing of sexual stimuli. The aim of this study was to investigate neural correlates of negative affect-induced alterations in sexual cue reactivity in healthy men. The moderating effects of habitual porn consumption, trait sexual motivation, and symptoms of cybersex addiction were also considered.Method: Sixty-four healthy men engaged in a sexual cue reactivity task (passive viewing of explicit sexual pictures and neutral pictures depicting scenes of social interaction) during negative (n = 32) vs. neutral affect (n = 32), induced via tailored feedback on a performance task. Self-reported sexual arousal and event-related brain potentials indicated cue reactivity and motivated attention. Symptoms of cybersex addiction and trait sexual motivation were assessed with the help of the short Internet Addiction Test, adapted to online sexual activities, and the Trait Sexual Motivation Questionnaire.Results: Negative feedback increased negative affect after the performance task. While sexual pictures compared to neutral pictures elicited significantly larger P300 and late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes, there was no general effect of negative feedback on sexual stimuli-related P300 and LPP amplitudes. In the negative feedback group, men with higher solitary sexual motivation levels showed higher P300/LPP difference amplitudes for sexual stimuli compared to men with lower levels of solitary sexual motivation. The opposite effect was found in the group with neutral feedback. There was no link to other aspects of trait sexual motivation and symptoms of cybersex addiction.Conclusions: Results suggest that higher levels of solitary sexual motivation may enhance motivated attention toward sexual stimuli among men receiving negative performance feedback. Other characteristics of sexual behaviors and traits provided no exploratory value. Future studies extending onto men suffering from compulsive sexual behavior disorder will have to closer look at the neurophysiological bases of why and when some men develop an addictive pornography consumption.

PEMBENTUKAN MORALITAS SISWA

Morality or morality is the doctrine of the Good, the bad that is generally accepted concerning deeds, attitudes, and obligations. SMP Negeri 6 Ambon is a school in the category of excellent schools but there are still students who have moral not good at communicating and behave with teachers and friends such as: like to remove the words of diatribe or in the local language Called Bamaki, the attitude and intonation of the voice of the students, in speaking with the teacher in the school is not polite, anyone uploading pornographic pictures of even pornographic videos, it is very bad impact on the moral and future of the students. The purpose of this writing is to know and give good understanding to the school, parents, church, to the moral reality of SMP Negeri 6 Ambon, and the importance of the role of teachers in schools, parents, and the church in shaping Good student moral. In this study using Rahmad's theory. This research uses a qualitative approach. And the method used in this research is qualitative. Morality or morality is the doctrine of the Good, the bad that is generally accepted concerning deeds, attitudes, and obligations. SMP Negeri 6 Ambon is a school in the category of excellent schools but there are still students who have moral not good at communicating and behave with teachers and friends such as: like to remove the words of diatribe or in the local language Called Bamaki, the attitude and intonation of the voice of the students, in speaking with the teacher in the school is not polite, anyone uploading pornographic pictures of even pornographic videos, it is very bad impact on the moral and future of the students. The purpose of this writing is to know and give good understanding to the school, parents, church, to the moral reality of SMP Negeri 6 Ambon, and the importance of the role of teachers in schools, parents, and the church in shaping Good student moral. In this study using Rahmad's theory. This research uses a qualitative approach. And the method used in this research is qualitative. From the research shows that, the establishment of student morality is an effort made by certain parties in shaping the moral of poor students into good moral. Another fact that the authors find is, that the school in the category (the Superior school) is not all students who are in the school institution, have good morality, that is in accordance with the vision and mission or purpose of the school institution. The morality of a good student can not be seen from the intelligence and achievements that the students have because, the savvy student is not necessarily moral either. Responsibility to form the moral of students is not only done by teachers, but parents, church and community also involved in carrying out his role. But the fact shows that parents, churches and communities are not maximized in carrying out their role in regards to the intended thing.Keyword: student morality

Sexual cues alter working memory performance and brain processing in men with compulsive sexual behavior

Pornography has been repeatedly at the centre of public attention and has been controversially discussed for a long time. However, little is known about the connection between pornographic stimuli and individual (neuronal) processing of attention and memory. Here, the impact and neural underpinnings of pornographic pictures on working memory processes in a sample of subjects with compulsive sexual behaviour was investigated. Therefore, whilst using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a letter n-back task with neutral or pornographic pictures in the background was employed in 38 patients and 31 healthy controls. On the behavioural level, patients were slowed down by pornographic material depending on their pornography consumption in the last week, which was reflected by a higher activation in the lingual gyrus. In addition, the lingual gyrus showed a higher functional connectivity to the insula during processing of pornographic stimuli in the patient group. In contrast, healthy subjects showed faster responses when confronted with pornographic pictures only with high cognitive load. Also, patients showed a better memory for pornographic pictures in a surprise recognition task compared to controls, speaking for a higher relevance of pornographic material in the patient group. These findings are in line with the incentive salience theory of addiction, especially the higher functional connectivity to the salience network with the insula as a key hub and the higher lingual activity during processing of pornographic pictures depending on recent pornography consumption.

Nudity, Sexuality, Photography. Visual Redefinition of the Body

The article examines the relations between photography, body, nudity, and sexuality. It presents changing relations of photography with a naked or semi-naked body and different forms and recording conventions. From the mid-19th century the naked body became the subject of scientifically grounded photographic explorations, an allegorical motif referring to painting traditions, an object of interest and excitement for the newly-developed “touristic” perspective. These three main ways in which photographs depicting nudity were being taken at that time shaped three visual modes: artistic-documentary, ethnographic-travelling, and scientific-medical. It has deep cultural consequences, including those in the ways of shaping the notions of the corporeal and the sexual. Collaterally, one more, probably prevalent in numbers, kind of photographical images arose: pornographic. In the middle of the 19th century, the repertoire of pornographic pictures was already very wide, and soon it become one of the photographic pillars of visual imagination of the modern society, appealing to private and professional use of photography, popular culture, advertisement, art. The number of erotic and pornographic pictures rose hand over fist with the development of digital photography. Access to pornographic data is easy, fast, and cheap, thanks to the Internet, as it never was before. Photography has fuelled pornography, laying foundations for a massive and lucrative business, employing a huge group of professional sex workers. How all those processes affected our imagination and real practices, what does the staggering number of erotic photography denote? One possible answer comes from Michel Foucault who suggests that our civilization does not have any ars erotica, but only scientia sexualis. Creating sexual discourse became an obsession of our civilization, and its main pleasure is the pleasure of analysis and a constant production of truth about sex. Maybe today the main pleasure is about watching technically registered images, and perhaps that is why we may consider visual redefinition of the body as the main social effect of the invention of the photography.

Detection of artificial pornographic pictures based on multiple features and tree mode

It is easy for teenagers to view pornographic pictures on social networks. Many researchers have studied the detection of real pornographic pictures, but there are few studies on those that are artificial. In this work, we studied how to detect artificial pornographic pictures, especially when they are on social networks. The whole detection process can be divided into two stages: feature selection and picture detection. In the feature selection stage, seven types of features that favour picture detection were selected. In the picture detection stage, three steps were included. 1) In order to alleviate the imbalance in the number of artificial pornographic pictures and normal ones, the training dataset of artificial pornographic pictures was expanded. Therefore, the features which were extracted from the training dataset can also be expanded too. 2) In order to reduce the time of feature extraction, a fast method which extracted features based on the proportionally scaled picture rather than the original one was proposed. 3) Three tree models were compared and a gradient boost decision tree (GBDT) was selected for the final picture detection. Three sets of experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve better recognition precision and drastically reduce the time cost of the method.

116 Approach and Avoidance Tendencies Towards Pornographic Stimuli in Hypersexual Disorder

Hypersexual disorder (HD) comes with clinically significant personal distress for patients and further social and medical morbidity. Yet, there are heterogeneous attempts concerning etiology, phenomenology and diagnostic classification of HD. Several studies have outlined similarities between HD and addictive behaviors and substance dependencies. Attentional biases and implicit cognitions, in particular approach and avoidance tendencies, have been related to craving responses in substance dependent individuals. The rationale is that addiction-congruent images should facilitate pull (i.e., approach) responses in relation to neutral stimuli. Investigating these cognitive mechanisms in HD could help understanding the diagnosis in terms of a behavioral addiction, thus giving further options to address in therapy. A sample of 46 HD patients and 37 healthy age- and intelligence-matched healthy control (HC) participants completed the Approach Avoidance Task (AAT; Rinck and Becker, 2007) modified with pornographic pictures. During the AAT participants either had to push pornographic stimuli away or pull them toward themselves with a joystick. Additionally, tendencies towards cybersex addiction were assessed.

Pornography Behavior of Junior High School Student

<p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The purpose of research is to identify the pornography behavior ofJunior High School student. We used cross-sectional study as research design. Locations were taken by purposive in South Tangerang city conducted in four junior high school. Schools were selected purposively based on the recommendation of the Ministry of Education in South Tangerang. Participants used are 600 children, boys 278 and girls 322 children. Data were collected by questionnaires filled out by participants.</p><p>The pornography behavior of junior high school student that have been studied are viewing pornographic web, reading books or comics that contain pornographic pictures, hearing or saying things porn, think of things related to pornography. This study also want to know the things that encourage the child to thepornographic behavior and the diference pornography behavior between boys and girls.</p><p>The results showed that the behavior of pornography on boys is higher than girls. The pornography behavior on boys and girls there are no statistically significant differences (p value = 0:03 *, p <0.05).</p><p><em>Key words :pornography behavior, junior high school student, internet influence</em></p>

Trait and state impulsivity in males with tendency towards Internet-pornography-use disorder

IntroductionImpulsivity has been identified to be involved in the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders (IUD). It can be differentiated between relatively stable trait impulsivity and state impulsivity which is dependent on environmental and affective factors such as craving. Following the I-PACE (Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution) model, both trait and state impulsivity may play an interactive role in IUD. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait and state impulsivity and symptom severity of Internet-pornography-use disorder (IPD) as one form of IUD. MethodsFifty heterosexual males participated in this study. State impulsivity was measured with reaction times in a modified stop-signal task. Each participant conducted two blocks of this task which included neutral and pornographic pictures. Moreover, current subjective craving, trait impulsivity, and symptom severity of IPD were assessed using several questionnaires. ResultsResults indicate that trait impulsivity was associated with higher symptom severity of IPD. Especially those males with higher trait impulsivity and state impulsivity in the pornographic condition of the stop-signal task as well as those with high craving reactions showed severe symptoms of IPD. ConclusionThe results indicate that both trait and state impulsivity play a crucial role in the development of IPD. In accordance with dual-process models of addiction, the results may be indicative of an imbalance between the impulsive and reflective systems which might be triggered by pornographic material. This may result in loss of control over the Internet-pornography use albeit experiencing negative consequences.

Subjective Craving for Pornography and Associative Learning Predict Tendencies Towards Cybersex Addiction in a Sample of Regular Cybersex Users

ABSTRACTThere is no consensus regarding the diagnostic criteria of cybersex addiction. Some approaches postulate similarities to substance dependencies, for which associative learning is a crucial mechanism. In this study, 86 heterosexual males completed a Standard Pavlovian to Instrumental Transfer Task modified with pornographic pictures to investigate associative learning in cybersex addiction. Additionally, subjective craving due to watching pornographic pictures and tendencies towards cybersex addiction were assessed. Results showed an effect of subjective craving on tendencies towards cybersex addiction, moderated by associative learning. Thus, these findings indicate that such interactions might be crucial for the development of cybersex addiction.

Ventral striatum activity when watching preferred pornographic pictures is correlated with symptoms of Internet pornography addiction

One type of Internet addiction is excessive pornography consumption, also referred to as cybersex or Internet pornography addiction. Neuroimaging studies found ventral striatum activity when participants watched explicit sexual stimuli compared to non-explicit sexual/erotic material. We now hypothesized that the ventral striatum should respond to preferred pornographic compared to non-preferred pornographic pictures and that the ventral striatum activity in this contrast should be correlated with subjective symptoms of Internet pornography addiction. We studied 19 heterosexual male participants with a picture paradigm including preferred and non-preferred pornographic materials. Subjects had to evaluate each picture with respect to arousal, unpleasantness, and closeness to ideal. Pictures from the preferred category were rated as more arousing, less unpleasant, and closer to ideal. Ventral striatum response was stronger for the preferred condition compared to non-preferred pictures. Ventral striatum activity in this contrast was correlated with the self-reported symptoms of Internet pornography addiction. The subjective symptom severity was also the only significant predictor in a regression analysis with ventral striatum response as dependent variable and subjective symptoms of Internet pornography addiction, general sexual excitability, hypersexual behavior, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, and sexual behavior in the last days as predictors. The results support the role for the ventral striatum in processing reward anticipation and gratification linked to subjectively preferred pornographic material. Mechanisms for reward anticipation in ventral striatum may contribute to a neural explanation of why individuals with certain preferences and sexual fantasies are at-risk for losing their control over Internet pornography consumption.

Une fiction, une réalité : réflexions autour de l’addiction à la pornographie

In this topic, we will raise the question of the processes underlying addiction to pornography. We will base our analysis on the parallel between two stories, Brandon's and Kevin's. Brandon is the protagonist of Steeve McQueen's movie, Shame, whereas Kevin is a true person met in individual psychotherapy. In history of each, we detected childhood traumas (in particular sexual) on which they remained fixed, thus disturbing their psychological development. These, only suggested in the movie, illustrate the informal nature of some traumas, impossible to be described. The psychological fragility they cause leads to a split within the self, which appears in two opposite views co-existing within each individual: one who continued his psychic structuring; the other remaining enclosed in the trauma. However, under the constraint of repetition, splitting elements constantly threaten the self to resurface, resulting in the compulsive watching of pornographic pictures. This extreme consumption could be understood both as an attempt to give form to the trauma (supported on real images) and as a mode of discharge of this one. We hypothesize that addiction to pornography reflects an attempt to incorporate genital sexuality, revealing the failure of introjection of “genitality”, hindered by the fixation to the trauma. Finally, we show that individual therapy can help the patient uncover the traumatic fragments of his personal history, and contribute to reinforce his narcissism whose integrity was threatened by split. More precisely, through sublimation, the therapy could allow the patient to quit addiction to pornography by transforming shame into exploration dedicated to self (re)construction.

Pornography in sex research: the construction of sex, gender, and sexual orientation

The use of sexually explicit audio-visual material as a tool for psychological research has gained attention in the popular press as well as in field-specific publications in the past few decades. However, the conversation about such studies rarely addresses the complex nature of pornographic motion pictures, treating pornography as a simple stimulus rather than as a complicated spectatorial engagement with multiple appeals. This article examines the work of two of the most prolific researchers in the field of sexual response and sexual orientation studies, J. Michael Bailey and Meredith L. Chivers. The article explores the researchers’ assumptions about pornography and sexuality through the rhetoric in their published papers and the aesthetics and content of the specific audio-visual stimuli they employ. Although the researchers employ pornography as a presumptively pre-cultural tool that produces objective scientific knowledge about sexual orientation, gender, and sex, their use of this sexually explicit audio-visual material in fact constructs the very categories it is then used to examine.

Symptoms of cybersex addiction can be linked to both approaching and avoiding pornographic stimuli: results from an analog sample of regular cybersex users.

There is no consensus regarding the phenomenology, classification, and diagnostic criteria of cybersex addiction. Some approaches point toward similarities to substance dependencies for which approach/avoidance tendencies are crucial mechanisms. Several researchers have argued that within an addiction-related decision situation, individuals might either show tendencies to approach or avoid addiction-related stimuli. In the current study 123 heterosexual males completed an Approach-Avoidance-Task (AAT; Rinck and Becker, 2007) modified with pornographic pictures. During the AAT participants either had to push pornographic stimuli away or pull them toward themselves with a joystick. Sensitivity toward sexual excitation, problematic sexual behavior, and tendencies toward cybersex addiction were assessed with questionnaires. Results showed that individuals with tendencies toward cybersex addiction tended to either approach or avoid pornographic stimuli. Additionally, moderated regression analyses revealed that individuals with high sexual excitation and problematic sexual behavior who showed high approach/avoidance tendencies, reported higher symptoms of cybersex addiction. Analogous to substance dependencies, results suggest that both approach and avoidance tendencies might play a role in cybersex addiction. Moreover, an interaction with sensitivity toward sexual excitation and problematic sexual behavior could have an accumulating effect on the severity of subjective complaints in everyday life due to cybersex use. The findings provide further empirical evidence for similarities between cybersex addiction and substance dependencies. Such similarities could be retraced to a comparable neural processing of cybersex- and drug-related cues.

Implicit associations in cybersex addiction: Adaption of an Implicit Association Test with pornographic pictures

Recent studies show similarities between cybersex addiction and substance dependencies and argue to classify cybersex addiction as a behavioral addiction. In substance dependency, implicit associations are known to play a crucial role, and such implicit associations have not been studied in cybersex addiction, so far. In this experimental study, 128 heterosexual male participants completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) modified with pornographic pictures. Further, problematic sexual behavior, sensitivity towards sexual excitation, tendencies towards cybersex addiction, and subjective craving due to watching pornographic pictures were assessed. Results show positive relationships between implicit associations of pornographic pictures with positive emotions and tendencies towards cybersex addiction, problematic sexual behavior, sensitivity towards sexual excitation as well as subjective craving. Moreover, a moderated regression analysis revealed that individuals who reported high subjective craving and showed positive implicit associations of pornographic pictures with positive emotions, particularly tended towards cybersex addiction. The findings suggest a potential role of positive implicit associations with pornographic pictures in the development and maintenance of cybersex addiction. Moreover, the results of the current study are comparable to findings from substance dependency research and emphasize analogies between cybersex addiction and substance dependencies or other behavioral addictions.

Getting stuck with pornography? Overuse or neglect of cybersex cues in a multitasking situation is related to symptoms of cybersex addiction.

Background and aimsSome individuals consume cybersex contents, such as pornographic material, in an addictive manner, which leads to severe negative consequences in private life or work. One mechanism leading to negative consequences may be reduced executive control over cognition and behavior that may be necessary to realize goal-oriented switching between cybersex use and other tasks and obligations of life.MethodsTo address this aspect, we investigated 104 male participants with an executive multitasking paradigm with two sets: One set consisted of pictures of persons, the other set consisted of pornographic pictures. In both sets the pictures had to be classified according to certain criteria. The explicit goal was to work on all classification tasks to equal amounts, by switching between the sets and classification tasks in a balanced manner.ResultsWe found that less balanced performance in this multitasking paradigm was associated with a higher tendency towards cybersex addiction. Persons with this tendency often either overused or neglected working on the pornographic pictures.DiscussionThe results indicate that reduced executive control over multitasking performance, when being confronted with pornographic material, may contribute to dysfunctional behaviors and negative consequences resulting from cybersex addiction. However, individuals with tendencies towards cybersex addiction seem to have either an inclination to avoid or to approach the pornographic material, as discussed in motivational models of addiction.

Empirical Evidence and Theoretical Considerations on Factors Contributing to Cybersex Addiction From a Cognitive-Behavioral View

The nature of a phenomenon often called cybersex addiction (CA) and its mechanisms of development are discussed. Previous work suggests that some individuals might be vulnerable to CA, while positive reinforcement and cue-reactivity are considered to be core mechanisms of CA development. In this study, 155 heterosexual males rated 100 pornographic pictures and indicated their increase of sexual arousal. Moreover, tendencies towards CA, sensitivity to sexual excitation, and dysfunctional use of sex in general were assessed. In a latent structural equation model, dysfunctional use of sex mediated the relationship of sexual excitability with CA. The results of the study show that there are factors of vulnerability to CA and provide evidence for the role of sexual gratification and dysfunctional coping in the development of CA. According to the results and theoretical considerations, we present a cognitive-behavioral model of CA addressing factors of vulnerability, the role of cognitions, and the role of positive and negative reinforcement.

Cybersex addiction in heterosexual female users of internet pornography can be explained by gratification hypothesis.

In the context of Internet addiction, cybersex is considered to be an Internet application in which users are at risk for developing addictive usage behavior. Regarding males, experimental research has shown that indicators of sexual arousal and craving in response to Internet pornographic cues are related to severity of cybersex addiction in Internet pornography users (IPU). Since comparable investigations on females do not exist, the aim of this study is to investigate predictors of cybersex addiction in heterosexual women. We examined 51 female IPU and 51 female non-Internet pornography users (NIPU). Using questionnaires, we assessed the severity of cybersex addiction in general, as well as propensity for sexual excitation, general problematic sexual behavior, and severity of psychological symptoms. Additionally, an experimental paradigm, including a subjective arousal rating of 100 pornographic pictures, as well as indicators of craving, was conducted. Results indicated that IPU rated pornographic pictures as more arousing and reported greater craving due to pornographic picture presentation compared with NIPU. Moreover, craving, sexual arousal rating of pictures, sensitivity to sexual excitation, problematic sexual behavior, and severity of psychological symptoms predicted tendencies toward cybersex addiction in IPU. Being in a relationship, number of sexual contacts, satisfaction with sexual contacts, and use of interactive cybersex were not associated with cybersex addiction. These results are in line with those reported for heterosexual males in previous studies. Findings regarding the reinforcing nature of sexual arousal, the mechanisms of learning, and the role of cue reactivity and craving in the development of cybersex addiction in IPU need to be discussed.

Delicta graviora contra mores w normach De delictis reservatis z 2010 roku

The present article analyses delicta graviora contra mores, that is the crimes reserved to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in De delictis reservatis Norms from 2010 concerning morals, namely sexual abuse of minors, as well as child pornography.The first of the crimes contra mores is sexual abuse committed by a cleric with regard to minors and other subjects with permanently imperfect use of reason. It comprises all the forms of sexual abuse, ranging from showing pornographic materials, uttering improper comments, through inappropriate touching or kissing, to a physical contact or even a full sexual penetration. Such crimes deserve the strictest consequences, especially when they are committed by clergy towards children or youth entrusted in their custody.The latter category of crimes discussed in this article is the one of child pornography which is, according to De delictis reservatis Norms from 2010, purchasing, storing and distributing for indecent purposes pornographic pictures with minors under fourteen years of age done by a cleric in any way and using any instruments. Pornography is an internally immoral act, especially in the case of child pornography, and one should not be surprised that the discussed crime has been classified into the delicta reservata category. Both of the crimes discussed in the article are the cases of so called delicta propria, that is the crimes whose offenders may be only clergy, which does not exclude a possibility of penal responsibility of potential co-offenders, according to the rules stated in Canon 1329.Summing up, it should be stated that both keeping the existing instructions in the delicta graviora contra mores matter and introducing some changes and innovations indicate great concern of the Church for the protection of morals in regard to the sixth commandment of the Decalogue. Particularly important becomes visible concern of the Church for the protection of minors and subjects legally equal to them against any form of sexual abuse.

Pornographic Picture Processing Interferes with Working Memory Performance

Some individuals report problems during and after Internet sex engagement, such as missing sleep and forgetting appointments, which are associated with negative life consequences. One mechanism potentially leading to these kinds of problems is that sexual arousal during Internet sex might interfere with working memory (WM) capacity, resulting in a neglect of relevant environmental information and therefore disadvantageous decision making. In this study, 28 healthy individuals performed 4 experimental manipulations of a pictorial 4-back WM task with neutral, negative, positive, or pornographic stimuli. Participants also rated 100 pornographic pictures with respect to sexual arousal and indicated masturbation urges previous to and following pornographic picture presentation. Results revealed worse WM performance in the pornographic picture condition of the 4-back task compared with the three remaining picture conditions. Furthermore, hierarchical regression analysis indicated an explanation of variance of the sensitivity in the pornographic picture condition by the subjective rating of the pornographic pictures as well as by a moderation effect of masturbation urges. Results contribute to the view that indicators of sexual arousal due to pornographic picture processing interfere with WM performance. Findings are discussed with respect to Internet sex addiction because WM interference by addiction-related cues is well known from substance dependencies.