This study aimed to obtain the most suitable process parameters of the bulk densification and heat treatment for the modification of poplar wood with a moisture content of approximately 3–5%. Based on the heat-mass transfer model, the best preheating temperature and time for the bulk densification process were 180 °C and 361 s, respectively. The optimal heat treatment temperature and time were 190 ℃ and 3 h, respectively. The resultant wood samples exhibited the highest storage modulus and the lowest loss factor, indicating that this kind of wood product has a long service life, suitable for solid wood flooring applications.