Poor Water Quality Research Articles

Understanding Islandness Effects Through the Challenges of Water Infrastructure: A Case Study on the Kinmen Islands

On Taiwan’s offshore islands of Kinmen, the water supply infrastructure has experienced various challenges stemming from the physical and social conditions of islands. These conditions are related to islands’ distinct characteristics, such as smallness, boundedness, and remoteness, collectively referred to as islandness. This paper combines perspectives from infrastructure and island studies to examine how islandness-related effects have contributed to infrastructure failures. Drawing from interviews and document analysis, it explores the issues faced by the reservoirs and the desalination plant in Kinmen, including small storage and poor water quality, lack of energy and technical capacities, high production and maintenance costs, and poor seawater quality. Then, based on the above case study and a document analysis of water supply technical reports on Taiwan’s offshore islands, some shared islandness-related conditions are identified and categorized in relation to smallness, remoteness and peripherality, and ocean materiality. While offering generalizability, it is crucial to note that these conditions are not seen as determined but rather as relational and contingent upon other factors. Through such examination, the paper contributes to the discussion surrounding islandness and infrastructure breakdowns, shedding lights on the relational effects of islandness on water supply infrastructure.

Limnological Analysis with Main Emphasis on the Influence of Physico-Chemical Parameters on Phytoplankton and Fish Faunal Diversity Distributional Pattern in Beru Stream, Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh (India)

the current investigation entails a comprehensive assessment of the limnobiological conditions within Beru stream, located in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. It examines both abiotic and biotic aspects, focusing on phytoplankton and fish diversity. Six phytoplankton genera were identified, falling under <i>Bacillariophyceae</i> and <i>Chlorophyceae</i> classes. Concurrently, 5 fish species were documented, belonging to the <i>Cyprininae, Danioninae</i> and <i>Sisorinae</i> subfamilies. Furthermore, our research involved the analysis of various abiotic parameters, including air and water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> hardness, chloride concentrations, as well as phosphate and nitrate levels. These abiotic parameters were correlated with both phytoplankton and fish population size. The study also undertook a statistical examination of the relationship between phytoplankton and fish population sizes. In order to evaluate the diversity within the stream, several diversity indices, including Simpson's index, Simpson's index of diversity, Shannon index of diversity, Pielou's index of evenness and Sorenson similarity index were employed. The calculated values of the water quality index (WQI) were found to fall within the range of 33.91 to 59.16. These values suggest that the water quality within Beru stream spans a spectrum from "good" to "poor" according to the WQI classification. Notably, it was observed that the presence of excessive nutrient levels, particularly phosphates and nitrates, could lead to the heightened presence of a diverse array of flora and fauna during the month of March. Consequently, based on the WQI assessment, March was documented as a period characterized by poor water quality.

Application of electrical resistivity tomography for groundwater evaluation in Yirgacheffe Town and its environs, Main Ethiopian Rift

Exploring groundwater is crucial in areas with poor surface water quality, such as Yirgacheffe Town and its surroundings. This study aims to assess aquifer materials and groundwater potential using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) in the region,within the Main Ethiopian Rift. Four electrical resistivity profiles were gathered using a Wenner array with a WDA-1 digital resistivity and induced polarization meter from Chongqing, China. Each profile extended 236 m with 4-m electrode spacing. Data were analyzed and inverted with Res2DinV software and validated against lithological logs. The ERT inversion revealed three subsurface geoelectric layers: (1) massive rhyolite ignimbrite and basalt (>2000 Ωm); (2) weathered rhyolite ignimbrite and basalt (200–2000 Ωm); and (3) topsoil (4–200 Ωm). These results are key for effective water resource management and highlight ERT's utility in similar geological settings.

Evaluation of riverbank filtration to improve groundwater quality (Euphrates River, Karbala, Iraq)

ABSTRACT Groundwater is considered an important source of water supply in Iraq, but the poor quality of water makes it unsuitable for drinking purposes. To enhance the groundwater quality, River Bank Filtration (RBF) method was investigated. It is a natural process in which wells along a riverbank are pumped, causing some of the river water to flow toward these wells. With this technique, water coming from the river is filtrated by soil deposits and then mixed with groundwater, improving its quality. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the RBF technique to improve the poor quality of groundwater and get potable water. A study area was selected in Al Hindiyah District within Kerbala City, Iraq. Four wells (W1, W2, W3, and W4) with different distances from the Euphrates River bank (450 m, 720 m, 800 m, and 1950 m), respectively, were selected to examine the groundwater quality. The results were then compared to those for the Euphrates River. In addition, two boreholes (B.H.1 and B.H.2) of about 15 m depth were drilled near the riverbank to assess the soil properties of the studied area. The results showed that the groundwater quality at a depth more than 12 m enhanced as the well’s distance from the river bank decreased and got closer to the river. It was found that the water quality at pumping wells (W1, W2, and W3) is slightly polluted, which makes this area more suitable for groundwater abstraction to provide the best water quality. The poorest water quality was for W4 at 1950 m from the riverbank, which indicates that at this distance the river bank filtration process is eliminated.

Land use-based assessment of surface-water quality using indices approaches

ABSTRACT This study assessed land-use impacts on surface-water quality and explored relationships between water indexes with water parameters. Twenty-seven water samples, collected from canals located in agricultural, industrial, and residential areas, were analyzed for 22 parameters. Water quality index (WQI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), and metal quality index (MQI) results showed poor to very poor water quality across all land uses. Agriculture had the highest WQI (39), followed by residential (12) and industrial areas (7). Industrial areas exhibited the highest HPI and MQI, indicating higher heavy metal pollution in the areas. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between WQI and electrical conductivity and chemical oxygen demand (COD), explaining 71% of WQI variance. Discriminant analysis differentiated the three land uses with 100% accuracy using turbidity, COD, biochemical oxygen demand, Mg, and, Na. Tailored management strategies should be developed for each land-used type to improve water quality in urban areas.

A Risk Management Framework for Catfish Farming in Ghana

Purpose: The growth of the catfish farming industry in Ghana has created opportunities for economic advancement and food security; however, significant risks threaten its sustainability. This study aims to propose a comprehensive risk management framework specifically tailored for catfish farming in Ghana, addressing production and financial risks. Methodology: Data was collected from 120 respondents at Catfish Adwoa Atta Farms. The study analyzed production risks such as disease outbreaks and poor water quality, alongside financial risks including market fluctuations and limited access to credit. Findings: The research revealed that production risks account for 40% of total yield losses, with disease-related mortality causing 25% of these losses. Financial risks were also prominent, with 21% of respondents reporting a profitability decline of over 20% due to limited access to financial support. Unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy:The proposed framework integrates modern technologies such as IoT sensors for water quality monitoring, structured contract farming, and government-backed insurance schemes. Pilot testing in regions like the Volta and Ashanti regions is recommended to evaluate its effectiveness. Implementation of the framework could significantly enhance the resilience of catfish farms, reduce production losses, and improve profitability, positioning Ghana’s aquaculture sector as a model for sustainable development.

PENERAPAN MODEL PROTOTYPE UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PEMBERIAN PAKAN IKAN BERDASARKAN FOOD CONVERSION RATIO (FCR)

Efficient feed management is crucial for successful fish farming. Improper feed management leads to waste, poor water quality, fish mortality, reduced yields, and decreased operational efficiency. A primary challenge is determining appropriate feed rations based on fish growth stages. This research developed a web-based information system to aid fish farmers in efficient and accurate feed management. The system calculates feed rations using a formula based on fish biomass and incorporates feed efficiency analysis via the Food Conversion Ratio (FCR). A Prototype Model was used for system development due to its adaptability to user feedback. Results show the system automatically calculates feed rations, manages fish sampling data, analyzes feed efficiency using FCR, and generates daily reports for efficient feed management. Field trials validated the system's effectiveness, demonstrating its ability to provide information on feed efficiency and reduce feed waste.

Pemanfaatan IoT untuk Monitoring Kualitas Air dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Abon Ikan di Pokdakan Mina Jaya Banyumas

The Mina Jaya fish farming group in Banyumas Regency faces significant challenges in freshwater fish farming, primarily due to poor water quality caused by household waste contamination. This issue leads to high fish mortality rates, especially for mujaer, catfish, and tilapia, significantly reducing harvest yields and economic returns. To address these problems, this community service program introduced Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time water quality monitoring. The program also included training on IoT usage and post-harvest management, specifically the production of fish floss (abon), to enhance the value of fish products. IoT implementation proved effective in reducing fish mortality, improving water conditions, and increasing operational efficiency. Furthermore, the post-harvest training enabled the group to diversify their products and increase income. These results demonstrate the potential of combining modern technology and community empowerment to overcome aquaculture challenges and improve productivity. The program recommends expanding IoT usage, continuing post-harvest product diversification, and fostering sustainable collaboration to maximize long-term benefits.

Groundwater well fields in ice-margin valley aquifers - is it easy to protect them, or not? An overview of hydrogeological and legal aspects of determining wellhead protection zones

This paper discusses principles for delineating wellhead protection zones (WHPZ) of groundwater well fields in ice-margin valleys. A distinctive feature of such well fields is that, apart from the often geogenically contaminated water of ice-margin valleys, they are largely supplied with high-quality water from intertill aquifers of neighbouring uplands. However, much of this inflow can be intercepted by wells for agriculture that are increasingly being constructed in the capture zones of existing municipal well fields, thus posing a threat to the quality of water for the public. This problem has been investigated using the example of a municipal well in Wroniawy (Poland) by analysing changes in the recharge components of this well field with a groundwater flow model. The results indicate that the commissioning of agricultural abstractions in the capture zone of this well field reduces inflow from intertill aquifers (8.5 per cent) and precipitation recharge (3.3 per cent), following a change in the extent of the capture zone. The loss of these qualitative recharge components is substituted by an increase in poor-quality water, i.e., surface water (7.3 per cent) and geogenically contaminated water from the ice-margin valley centre (3.8 per cent). Protecting well fields in such locations from adverse water quality changes requires the implementation of quantitative shielding of best-quality water, calling for WHPZ to cover the entire capture zone regardless of water flow timing, which is not provided for in Polish legislation. Costs and constraints of implementing such a WHPZ can be reduced by dividing it into sectors that differ in the scope of limitations, with the only quantitative protection applied to the outermost, medium- and low-vulnerable parts of the capture zone.

Exploring the complexities of slum vulnerability in Haryana, India: a qualitative research journey into economic, social, physical, and health dimensions

ABSTRACT Purpose The study explores the conditions contributing to slum dweller’s vulnerability to poor health and examines interplay between economic, physical/infrastructural, and social factors affecting health status to inform policy and programme. Methods The methodology deployed for data analysis was mixed deductive-inductive. A deductive framework was adapted for categorizing the data into four broad themes: Economic, Physical/Infrastructure, Social, and Health. Using Braun and Clarke’s principle, we also mapped sub themes based on researchers’ insights with the experiences shared by the slum populations. The study was conducted across 13 districts in slum areas to gather information from vulnerable groups based on the 40 focus group discussions. Findings Poverty serves as a primary driver of domestic/internal migration from rural to urban areas, aggravating issues such as illiteracy, unemployment, and inadequate living conditions, which predispose slum dwellers to various health problems. Limited access to food, poor water quality, and improper waste disposal further compound health risks. People living in slums face economic, social, and physical vulnerabilities leading to health vulnerability and outcome. Conclusions Enhancing the health and well-being of slum dwellers requires adopting an integrated and comprehensive approach of policy intervention, community mobilization, and multisectoral intervention.

EVALUACIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DEL AGUA Y FAUNA MACROBENTÓNICA EN EL AFLUENTE Y EFLUENTE PRINCIPAL DE LA LAGUNA SANTO DOMINGO

This study evaluates the water quality of the main tributary and effluent of the Santo Domingo Lagoon. The objectives were to analyze the physical-chemical and biological characteristics of the water to determine its influence on water quality, using the ICA-NSF, ICA-Dinius, ABI and IBF indices. For this, samplings were carried out during the months of April and June, evaluating a total of 15 parameters and identifying the benthic macroinvertebrates present in the water bodies. Physicochemical indicators show a slightly higher water quality in April (maximum value 42.2%) compared to June (maximum value 35.5%). Meanwhile, the biological evaluation showed poor water quality at the sampling points with values from 14 to 21 according to the ABI index, while the IBF index indicated excellent quality at the points, suggesting a discrepancy between biological and physicochemical quality. This discrepancy suggests the presence of contaminants that could affect biodiversity in the long term, so it is important to carry out constant and more in-depth monitoring to establish the health of the aquatic ecosystem.

DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR POWER PLANT AS SUPPORTING FACILITY FOR FISH FARMING IN KARANG PLOSO, PASURUAN

The freshwater fish farm, developed by the Maju Rukun community in Dusun Karang Ploso, Ngerong, has faced issues with slow fish growth and poor water quality after operating for seven months. These problems are caused by inadequate water circulation systems, resulting in a delayed growth process that normally takes only 3 to 4 months. The situation is exacerbated by poor drainage and high electricity consumption for a 0.5 HP (370 Watt) water pump. The water must be partially replaced with new water on a regular basis to maintain its quality. This procedure increases electricity consumption from the public grid or Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) and raises operational costs by up to 80%, especially during the dry season. To address this issue, a community service project has been carried out to develop a 1.7 kWp hybrid Solar Power Plant. This system is designed to reduce reliance on PLN electricity and to provide additional energy for water circulation using solar panels and batteries. Additionally, this community service also includes training on how to operate and perform maintenance of the installed system for the Maju Rukun community and the locals. Implementing the hybrid power plant has significantly reduced electricity costs from PLN. Moreover, fish farm productivity has increased and contributed positively to the development of renewable energy technology in the fisheries sector.

Diatoms as an Indicator of Water Quality in the Kuils River, Western Cape, South Africa

Rivers are crucial hydrological cycle components, supporting ecosystems and human activities. Managing and protecting river water quality is essential. Diatoms, microscopic algae, are widespread and sensitive to changes in water quality, making them effective bioindicators. This study focused on the Kuils River in the Western Cape, South Africa, where diatom sampling was conducted at four sites. Their communities are affected by different physicochemical parameters, such as changes in pH, salinisation, eutrophication, and organic enrichment. A total of 98 diatom species were identified. The Omnidia software was used to calculate the Generic Diatom Index, Specific Pollution Index, and Trophic Diatom Index. Historical physicochemical data such as pH, chemical oxygen demand, and phosphorus were obtained from the Department of Water and Sanitation between 2019 and 2021 and were used to provide a reference for comparing diatoms. The results showed clear signs of pollution, as shifts in diatom species composition were observed. Pollution-tolerant species such as the Nitzschia palea (Kützing) W Smith 1856, Navicula viridula (Kützing) Ehrenberg 1838, Eunotia bilunaris (Ehrenberg) Schaarschmidt 1880, and Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Compère 2001 dominated, while less pollution-tolerant species like Gomphonema parvulum f.saprophilum Lange-Bertalot and E. Reichardt 1993 and Stephanocylus meneghinianus (Kutzing) Kulikovskiy, Genkal, and Kociolek 2022 were less abundant. Both diatom indices and physicochemical data indicated poor water quality in the Kuils River. The study concludes that diatoms are a valuable tool for biomonitoring river water quality and recommends their use alongside traditional physicochemical methods for future assessments of river systems.

Water Quality Assessment using Selected Macroinvertebrate Based Indices and Water Quality Index of Sungai Air Hitam Selangor

A study was conducted from July to December 2022 at Sungai Air Hitam, a small tributary of the Selangor River located within the Tanjung Karang Sub-basin in Malaysia (coordinates: 3° 24' 27" N, 101° 25' 54" E to 3° 28' 14" N, 101° 26' 59" E). This confluence is situated near three major downstream water treatment plants. The study assessed six water quality parameters—pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (NH3), and suspended solids (SS)—to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI). Macroinvertebrates were sampled simultaneously using the dipping net method to obtain biotic indices for further evaluation of water quality. The results indicated that the WQI classified Sungai Air Hitam as Class III, with scores ranging from 56.9 to 64.6, suggesting the river is suitable for water supply and fisheries. However, the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index categorized the water quality as poor, with scores between 30 and 42. Similarly, the Average Score Per Taxon (ASPT) ranged from 3.25 to 5.25, indicating pollution or environmental impact, while the Family Biotic Index (FBI) further classified the river as having poor to very poor water quality, with scores between 6.57 and 8.11. Overall, the study suggests that Sungai Air Hitam has experienced some degree of ecological degradation. These findings emphasize the need for continuous monitoring and remediation efforts to preserve and restore water quality.

Growing mismatches of supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Netherlands

A sufficient supply of goods and services from ecosystems is vital to ensure human well-being. This study evaluates whether the demand for goods and services within the Netherlands is met by Dutch ecosystems, could otherwise be provided through technology and/or by imports, or remains (partially) unmet. Additionally, this study shows the dynamics of supply and demand of these services over time. The results reveal that no ecosystem service supply is fully meeting the total demand provided by Dutch ecosystems. Additionally, for the majority of the services (10 out of 17), the gap between supply and demand widened over the last two decades, indicating a growing mismatch. Imports and technology only partly close the gap between supply and demand. The growing mismatch between supply and demand is expected to lead to increasing negative impacts on human well-being, such as poor air and water quality, heat stress in urban areas, increasing flood risks, limiting opportunities for outdoor recreation and loss of biodiversity. Our findings show that current policy goals to maintain and restore ecosystem services are not on track in the Netherlands. Urgent action is necessary to enhance the sustainable utilization of natural resources and to optimize the balance between supply and demand. Priority should be given to goods and services facing unmet demand where imports or technological solutions are not feasible, particularly those where the gap between supply and demand is widening.

Indications of recovery of anadromous fishes in a mid‐Atlantic estuary of North America: Spatial and seasonal patterns near a dam

AbstractObjectiveRivers on the east coast of North America once supported vast runs of anadromous fishes, such as Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis and American Shad A. sapidissima. Declines in runs were attributed to, in part, dams and poor water quality that have since been improved by fishways and improvements to wastewater treatment, respectively. The goal of this study was to determine the status of anadromous fishes upstream and downstream of a dam in a heavily urbanized tributary that has undergone improvements in fish passage and water quality.MethodsWe used boat electrofishing to index fish densities during the spring and summer over 2 years.ResultWe found a substantial run of anadromous Blueback Herring, a species that was extirpated in the 1970s but observed in low numbers in the 1990s and early 2000s. We also found a general pattern of decreasing densities of Blueback Herring and Striped Bass Morone saxatilis upstream of the dam than downstream, suggesting that the dam remains a major impediment to the full recovery of Blueback Herring and other anadromous fishes despite a fish ladder being installed in 1998.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that highly urbanized rivers, such as the Cooper River, can and in some cases do support substantial runs of anadromous fishes. It is important that urban waters be considered for restoration efforts such as improved fish passage to increase access to historical spawning grounds if these fisheries are to recover. Continued monitoring of urbanized streams and tidewater is needed to better describe the long‐term responses of anadromous fishes to efforts that ameliorate threats caused by urbanization.

Acoustic‐tagged American Shad utilize historic habitat following dam removal in northern Delaware

AbstractObjectiveThe anadromous American Shad Alosa sapidissima, a once commercially important species in the mid‐Atlantic region, experienced population declines due to overfishing, poor water quality, and impediments to accessing freshwater spawning habitat. Efforts at the regional and national scale substantially addressed the former two obstacles to facilitate population growth, but dam modifications or removal are still ongoing. In 2019, the state of Delaware removed the first barrier to anadromous fish passage on the Brandywine River (a tributary of the Delaware River), Dam 1.MethodsA total of 24 American Shad were surgically tagged with acoustic transmitters from 2021 to 2022 above recently removed Dam 1 and tracked in the Delaware River estuary and coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean.ResultThe length of available habitat increased by 1.3 km, and 75.0% of surgically tagged American Shad used historic spawning grounds in the Brandywine River following dam removal. Nine individuals exhibited long‐term residency in the Brandywine River from May to June, demonstrating the importance of this newly available habitat to spawning adults. Additionally, one fish returned to the Brandywine River between years, displaying interannual spawning site fidelity and iteroparity. We also observed exploratory behavior of three additional American Shad that exited and returned to the Brandywine River within the same year.ConclusionOverall, we document a successful collaborative network via receiver array maintenance to answer questions regarding anadromous fish migration and habitat use following dam removal.

Effects of Channelization on Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in a Small Stream: The Case of Awetu in Jimma City, Ethiopia

Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly modified worldwide by anthropogenic activities. Land use change is one of the leading factors responsible for stream ecosystem degradation. Physical habitat disturbance due to channelization is among the factors responsible for the loss of biodiversity and degradation of river water quality worldwide. Since 2020, Jimma City municipality has been beautifying the city and one of the activities is channelizing using concrete embankment, a part of the Awetu stream that runs through the city. The main aim of this study is to assess the effect of channelization on macroinvertebrate assemblages and the water quality of the Awetu stream. A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022. Macroinvertebrates, water samples, and habitat data were collected from 21 sampling sites along the three segments of the stream (upstream, channelized, and downstream). Data were analyzed for different macroinvertebrate metrics and water quality parameters. Canonical Correspondence Analysis was used to examine the overall relationship between macroinvertebrate assemblages and water quality parameters. The upstream site has better macroinvertebrate assemblages than channelized and downstream sites (p<0.05). The downstream site showed better assemblage compared to the channelized site, though it was not significant. Regarding water quality parameters, a significant variation was observed between channelized and, un-channelized sites (upstream and downstream) (p<0.05). The habitat condition score varied from 47 (poor) at channelization to 150 (suboptimal) upstream. Upstream sites were found to have relatively better macroinvertebrate assemblages, better water quality, and good habitat conditions. The downstream sites had lower macroinvertebrate assemblages, poor habitat conditions, and degraded water quality compared to the upstream sites. The channelized segment had the poorest habitat, with poor macroinvertebrate assemblages and water quality. Thus, the conservation of habitat conditions along the channelized segments of the Awetu stream is recommended to improve the water quality and macroinvertebrate assemblage.

Evaluation of the migration and environmental effects of metal elements within cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill in underground coal mines

Cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill (CGB) is used as a green mining technology worldwide. However, under the coupled effects of geological stress and groundwater, the metal elements in the CGB tend to migrate into nearby strata, which can consequently result in pollution of the groundwater environment. In this paper, the influence of initial pH and stress damage on the migration behavior of metal elements in CGB is quantitatively studied through the multi-physical field coupling model of stress-permeability-concentration. The enhanced Nemerow index evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these metal elements migration behaviors on the groundwater environment. The research results show that: (1) When the stress damage of the CGB increases from 0.76 to 0.95, the Darcy velocity at the bottom of the CGB first increases, then decreases, and finally stabilizes at 2.01×10−7 m/s. The longest time to reach the maximum Darcy velocity is 3 a. (2) When the damage of the CGB is 0.95, the farthest migration distances of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ba, and Pb are 40.5, 34.0, 29.8, 32.9, 38.8 and 32.1 m, respectively. (3) The alkaline environment stimulates the migration of Al, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Pb, whereas Ba migrates farther under acidic conditions. The farthest migration distance of Ba is 31.6 m under pH 3. (4) The enhanced Nemerow index indicates that when stress damage increases from 0.76 to 0.95, the areas with poor water quality increase from 0 to 1.71%, and no area is classified as very poor grade. When the initial pH changes from 3 to 11, 100% of the region is classified as fair or above. The initial pH of the CGB has a relatively slight influence on the groundwater environment. This study provides experimental data and theoretical basis for the environmental evaluation of CGB.

Parasitic intestinal infection in students of disabilities centers in Sanaa governorate, Yemen

Background: Intestinal parasite infections remain prevalent in low-income countries, especially among children, due to poor drinking water quality and insufficient personal and environmental cleanliness. This study sought to diagnose, prevent, and manage intestinal parasites in individuals with special needs in Sanaa Governorate. Method: We collected stool samples from 232 students, aged 1 to 18, of which 143 were male and 89 were female. We collected data using a validated standard questionnaire. We processed and analyzed fecal samples using a wet mount preparation, adhering to the standing concentration technique. Results: We found an overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection of 83.6%. E. histolytica (76.7%), G. lamblia (8.6%), A. lumbricoides (0.4%), H. nana (6.5%), S. mansoni (0.4%), Ent. vermicularis (6.5%), and S. stercoralis (2.2%). Conclusions: In children, E. histolytica was the most common intestinal parasite infection. There are few methods of transmission and protection for students with special needs.