Poor Self-control Research Articles

Anger and Self-Control: How the Need to Dominate Can Lead to Better Choices

Prior research has shown that anger can predispose consumers to exert poor self-control by making them want to feel better (i.e., increasing a hedonic need for mood repair), less likely to consider risks of gratifying, and more likely to seek rewards (i.e., increasing approach motivation). However, anger also activates a need to be dominant. Consequently, across five experiments, the authors show that policy makers can motivate angry consumers to exert more self-control by emphasizing the dominance benefits of the more virtuous option in a self-control dilemma. For instance, angry consumers are more likely to exercise or eat healthily when these behaviors are associated with becoming physically stronger rather than preventing illness. The authors test these effects across various domains of self-control, such as eating healthily, exercising, saving money, and studying, and with both binary choices between virtuous and gratifying options and choices on a spectrum in which consumers choose virtuous and gratifying options in varying proportions. However, the authors find these effects occur only when angry consumers expect dominance benefits to accrue in the near but not distant future.

The relationship between childhood trauma and mental health status among Chinese vocational high school adolescents: the mediating effect of poor self-control and internet addiction

BackgroundMental health problems among adolescents are a common concern globally. However, its relationship with childhood trauma is not clearly understood from the existing studies. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationships among childhood trauma, mental health, self-control, and internet addiction in Chinese vocational high school students.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among vocational high school students in China from October 2020 to December 2020. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect basic information regarding childhood trauma, self-control, psychological state, and social demographics. A structural equation model was used to study the relationships among internet addiction, self-control, childhood trauma, and mental health.ResultsA total of 3368 individuals participated in the study. The results revealed the mediating effects of poor self-control and internet addiction on the association between childhood trauma and mental health.ConclusionsInternet addiction and low self-control play mediating roles in childhood trauma and mental health. Clarifying these relationships will help formulate better-targeted interventions to improve the mental health of Chinese vocational high school students and aid in interventions to treat and prevent mental health problems.

Burnout and Attention Failure in STEM: The Role of Self-Control and the Buffer of Mindfulness.

Drawing on self-regulatory strength models of self-control, this research examined the relationship between burnout and attentional processes for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) students. Using data from participants in STEM, burnout was found to be associated with higher levels of off-task thinking, also known as mind-wandering. Further, self-control acted as a mediator in the relationship between burnout and mind-wandering such that higher levels of burnout predicted poor self-control that subsequently increased the mind's tendency to wander. Additionally, mindfulness buffered the relationship between burnout and mind-wandering such that burnout had the most detrimental impact on attention for those students who were low in mindfulness. Using the Johnson-Neyman approach, results reveal the upper limits for the moderating impact of mindfulness. Results and implications for science and practice are discussed with a special grounding for students in the STEM context.

Strengthening Resilience: Parent Experiences in Developing their Children Executive Function Skills

Executive functions (EF) play a key role in child development. However, Thai parents’ knowledge and practice skills for their children’s EF are still limited. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Thai parents in developing their children’s EF skills in a semi-rural sociocultural context. The theme pattern was interpreted using the Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenological approach, and the themes were reflected in Van Manen’s fundamental existential themes of the life world. As many as 16 parents were selected using the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results of this study revealed seven themes: 1) strong resilience, self-confidence, and responsibilities; 2) challenges in handling misbehaving family members and children with poor self-control; 3) living in a natural and peaceful environment; 4) staying away from terrible things; 5) practicing time management; 6) trying to use the mobile phone safely; and 7) organizing belongings and toys. In conclusion, nurses can help parents to increase their children’s EF skills by strengthening parents’ resilience, self-confidence, and responsibilities; supporting parents and co-parents to deal with terrible situations; time management; and preparing a safe, green, and natural environment for children to develop their EF skills.

Self-control in criminology: we need a broader conceptualization and links to psychiatric diagnoses.

Poor self-control is a strong correlate of criminal propensity. It is conceptualized and operationalized differently in criminology than in other scientific traditions. (1) To verify the dimensionality of the criminological Grasmick self-control items, other self-regulation items and morality ones. (2) To re-interpret the dimensions using a clinical perspective, a taxonomic/diagnostic model and references to possible "biological underpinnings." (3) Validate the dimensions by associations with crime. Population: all persons born 1995 in Malmö and living there at age 12. A random sample (N = 525) filled in a comprehensive self-report questionnaire on themes like personality, crime/abuse and social aspects at age 15, 16 and 18. Age 18 data were analysed: 191 men and 220 women. Self-regulation items were 4-dimensional: ADHD problems (Behavior control and Executive skills) and two Aggression factors. Morality items formed a fifth dimension. Negative Affect and Social interaction factors covered the rest of the variance. The validity of these factors was backed up by correlations with similar items/factors. Self-regulation subscales predicted crimes better than the Grasmick scale; an interaction with morality improved prediction still further. Sex differences were over-all small with three exceptions: Aggression, Morality and Negative affect. We identified four dimensions of the 20-item Grasmick instrument: Cognitive action control (impulsiveness/sensation seeking, response inhibition), Executive skills/future orientation, Affective/aggression reactivity and Aggression control. All should be possible to link to brain functional modules. Much can be gained if we are able to formulate an integrated model of self-regulation including distinct brain functional modules, process-and trait-oriented models, relevant diagnoses and clinical experiences of individual cases.

Self-Control and Planning: A Reply to Williamson

In Timothy Luke Williamson’s commentary on my article “Micromanagement and Poor Self-Control,” Williamson casts my focus on managerial failures in certain cases of poor self-control “as an especially fruitful tool for addressing problems of poor self-control”; but he suggests that the cases of poor self-control that I view as cases of managerial failure also involve control by a foreign force, in accordance with the “foreign force paradigm,” which I claim is off base in the cases on which I focus. Although I cannot get into Williamson’s entire interesting and elaborate argument, I here question The Weak Planning Perspective, which plays a key role in Williamson’s critical response, with the aim of addressing the issues he raises and shedding some light on why and how our views diverge.

Managing Temptation: Comments on Chrisoula Andreou’s ‘Micromanagement and Poor Self-Control’

In ‘Micromanagement and Poor Self-Control’, Chrisoula An-dreou argues that some cases of poor self-control are best understood as arising from poor self-management, in particular a kind of intrapersonal micromanagement. She argues that this furnishes us with a better understanding of those cases than the orthodox foreign force paradigm does (on which poor self-control amounts to diminished self-control). I argue that we cannot do without the foreign force paradigm to explain the cases that Andreou discusses. I suggest a both/and approach on which poor self-management and diminished self-control together explain poor self-control.

Micromanagement and Poor Self-Control

According to a familiar and entrenched philosophical paradigm, poor self-control amounts to diminished control by the self. While some cases of poor self-control may fit this paradigm, many paradigmatic cases of poor self-control, including cases involving individually trivial effects, do not; they are better understood as cases in which the self controls behavior, but does so poorly. As such, philosophical research on poor self-control needs to go beyond research aimed at locating and empowering the self, and into research on what it takes for selves that are already in control to qualify as managerial successes rather than managerial failures. This article focuses on certain pitfalls associated with micromanagement and on the paradoxical connection between micromanagement and poor self-control in cases involving individually trivial effects. The article ends by advancing an approach to managerial success that provides a promising route to avoiding micromanagerial pitfalls while also promoting responsible resilient agency.

Happy Hour: The association between trait hedonic capacity and motivation to drink alcohol

The (over)consumption of alcohol and other addictive substances is often conceptualized as a problem of low self-control (i.e., people’s inability to inhibit unwanted impulses). According to that view, people drink because they cannot resist. In the present studies, we approached this from a different perspective and tested whether alcohol consumption might also be a problem of low hedonic capacity (i.e., people’s inability to experience pleasure and relaxation, often due to intrusive thoughts). According to that view, people drink because it helps them enjoy or cope with negative thoughts or emotions. In two studies among individuals at low risk of harmful alcohol use (e.g., AUDIT < 7) we consistently found that trait hedonic capacity was unrelated to alcohol consumption but negatively related to coping motivation (drinking alcohol to cope with negative thoughts and feelings; Study 1: N = 348; Study 2: N = 302, preregistered). Exploratory analyses in study 2 (conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic) also showed that people with low, but not high, trait hedonic capacity drank more alcohol in response to stress. Our findings are in line with the notion that people’s drinking motivation and behavior might not only be a problem of poor self-control but also of low trait hedonic capacity. They align with a new direction in addiction prevention and treatment research, which explores ways to help people to seek out and savor hedonic experiences from non-drug related reinforcers (e.g., engaging in leisure activities).

Malevolent Monitoring: Dark Triad Traits, Cyber Dating Abuse, and the Instrumental Role of Self-Control.

Cyber dating abuse (CDA) concerns the use of digital technology to control, monitor, and hurt one's intimate partner. CDA can have profound detrimental outcomes, such as mental health problems. As such, it is important to identify intrapersonal factors that may explain these behaviors. Previous research suggests that one such factor is the personality cluster of Dark Triad traits (DTT), comprising Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Additionally, DTT and CDA perpetration have both been linked to poor self-control ability, but these relationships have not yet been tested together in one model. As such, the present study examines if individuals' poor self-control ability mediates the relationship between the DTT and CDA perpetration. To test these associations, we conducted a survey study among a representative sample of Belgian adults (n = 1,144; Mage = 47.66 years; 51.3% female). Findings from correlation analyses revealed that all three DTT were individually associated with CDA perpetration, such that higher scores on these traits corresponded with more CDA perpetration. Additionally, pathway analyses from structural equation modeling revealed that individuals' poor self-control ability fully explained the relationship between Machiavellianism and narcissism and CDA perpetration, and partially explained the relationship between psychopathy and CDA perpetration. As our findings suggest that self-control plays an instrumental role in explaining why individuals control and monitor their partner via digital technology, prevention and intervention efforts should seek ways to improve individuals' self-control ability in situations that may trigger such harmful interpersonal behaviors, particularly among individuals who exhibit Dark Triad personality traits.

Tiktok Social Media Addiction with Bedtime Procrastination

Sleep is crucial for the body because it can improve the immune system and help teenagers concentrate at school. Meanwhile, each person's average sleep time is different. The standard sleep time for teenagers is 8 to 9 hours at night. The aspect that causes bedtime procrastination is self-restraint. Poor self-control can make a person's desire to sleep on time-inconsistent or unfulfilled. This research aims to analyze the relationship between TikTok and social media addiction among students at SMA. The population in this study was 83, and used random sampling techniques with questionnaire research instruments. The results of statistical tests using chi-square showed a significant value, namely p-value 0.007 &gt; α 0.05, so there is a relationship between addiction to social media TikTok and bedtime procrastination in students at SMA X. It is hoped that this research can make students understand better the pros and cons of delaying bedtime. In future researchers, it is expected that they can add related variables that influence addiction to social media TikTok and reduce bedtime procrastination (delayed sleep time).

Facilitators and barriers of initiation and maintenance of physical activity among people with coronary heart disease: a qualitative study

Purpose We aimed to describe the facilitators and barriers of physical activity for patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 15 participants with coronary heart disease. The interview guide was developed based on a multi-theory model. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a thematic analysis. Results Two main themes were identified: facilitators of initiation and maintenance of physical activity (behavioral motivation, perceived benefits, behavioral confidence, supportive physical environment, positive emotional experience, self-regulation, supportive social environment, illness perception, and excellent self-control), barriers of initiation and maintenance of physical activity (perceived barriers, restricted physical environment, psychological distress, insufficient social support, and poor self-control). Conclusions This study presents an in-depth theory-based exploration of facilitators and barriers to initiating and maintaining physical activity among people with coronary heart disease. Relevant factors should be taken into account to increase their effectiveness when designing the target interventions to encourage a physically active lifestyle in this population.

HUBUNGAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL DENGAN KONTROL DIRI PADA SISWA/SISWI KELAS SMP SWASTA BATAM

Spiritual intelligence means intelligence to deal with and solve the problem of meaning and value of life is the intelligence that determines our behavior and life. A person who has good spiritual intelligence will have good self-control, because it has a high self-awareness, flexible attitude, able to adapt to the environment, and able to take lessons from every problem that ever faced him, and in the end make someone understand will the meaning of his life. This research type is quantitative research with observational analytic research design, using cross sectional approach. The sample was taken from students of SMP Private Batam in simple random sampling. Respondents who are willing to study will be given a questionnaire. Data will be tested by bivariate analysis using Chi Square test at SPSS. Students got better spiritual intelligence (67.6%) than students with poor spiritual intelligence (32.4%). Obtained students / students with good self-control is greater (53.2%) than the students / students with poor self-control (46.8%). There is a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-control in students / SMP Privat Batam City in 2022 with a value of p value = 0.001. Conclusion: Based on this research, it can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-control in grade IX students of SMP Private Batam in 2022 with p value = 0,001, that is Ho is rejected

A Study to assess level of Nomophobia among people residing in selected areas

Background: Mobile phones have become an important part of everyone’s lives. In recent times, there seems to have been a transformation of the mobile phone from a status symbol to a necessity because of the countless advantages it provides. Excessive and addicting use of mobile phone, especially smart phone results in physical and psychological symptoms such as loneliness, interpersonal anxiety, poor self-control, and low self-esteem. Material and Method: A quantitative, nonexperimental, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research approach was used to assess the level of nomophobia of conveniently selected 390 people from selected areas. The standardized scale was used for the data collection. The data collection was carried out in three phases and the data was analysed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results reveal that majority 160 (41%) the respondents had severe nomophobia, 33% of the respondents had moderate level of nomophobia, 23% of the respondents had mild level of nomophobia and only 3% have no nomophobia. Conclusion: It is concluded that 97% of the respondents had nomophobia. Of them, majority (41%) of the participants had severe level of nomophobia and majority of the study participants (33%) had moderate level of nomophobia. Excessive use of smart phone may result in dependency on mobile phone. It is an alarming sign for the public and health-care professionals. More focus should be given for the early detection and intervention for treat nomophobia.

The relationship between self-control and mental health problems among Chinese university students.

Mental health issues are often associated with poor self-control. Therefore, effective interventions against mental health problems should include self-control training. However, it is unclear whether the effect of self-control varies across different types of mental health problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the convenience sampling method at five universities in Chongqing, China, where 1,409 students reported their demographic information, level of self-control, and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety. Descriptive statistical methods and a network analysis approach were employed to explore the relationship between self-control and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety among 1,409 students. The bridging links between self-control and the three mental health problems were analyzed. The findings revealed a negative correlation between self-control and symptoms of irritability, depression, and anxiety among university students. Impulse control was found to be the bridge between self-control and irritability or anxiety symptoms, while resistance to temptation was the bridge between self-control and depressive symptoms. These results demonstrate the different relationship between self-control with irritability, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The findings of this study may shed light on future mental health interventions for university students during potential public health emergencies, such as prior knowledge of the main types of psychological problems among university students, which may allow for the development of precise self-control intervention strategies, such as targeting impulsivity or resistance to temptation.

Self-Control Depletion, Frustration Tolerance, Irritability, and Engagement in Risky Behaviors in College Students With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Risk

College students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often have poor self-control, low frustration tolerance (FT), and associated irritability. These features are associated with engagement in risky behaviors (ERBs). The Self-Control Strength Model (SCSM) was used to examine relationships between ADHD symptoms, FT, irritability, and self-control resource depletion and associations with ERBs in 247 college students randomized into depletion/non-depletion groups. Participants completed state and trait measures and two experimental tasks: the Stroop Color-Word Task to deplete resources, and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (Computerized) to induce frustration and measure frustration tolerance. Linear and logistic regressions were used to analyze associations, and demonstrated that ADHD symptoms and FT were positively associated with several ERBs. However, due to failure of the Stroop to adequately deplete self-control resources, the SCSM cannot be fully analyzed. Ultimately, these results provide additional support for positive associations between ADHD symptoms, state irritability, and ERB in college students.

College Students Academic Procrastination Behavior and Its Impact on Academic Performance

Procrastination behaviors become more and more common among the college student population. Procrastination behaviors include being late to class, not completing tasks assigned by teachers on time, not having a clear study time plan, or making a hasty last-minute effort. The reason for procrastination is to some extent due to less supervision by teachers and parents. Therefore, research on academic procrastination among college students and on effective interventions to correct this undesirable behavior is currently the focus of educational studies. Based on this phenomenon, this paper conducted a questionnaire survey and an in-depth interview to investigate the local undergraduate university, Qingdao Agricultural University, as an example. This paper investigated the differences in study procrastination behavior among gender and grade levels and the influence of study procrastination behavior on college studentsacademic performance. The findings revealed that there was no discernible variation in the study procrastination behaviors of college students in local undergraduate institutions in terms of gender. According to grade level, the third year of college had the greatest level of procrastination, and the fourth year of college had the lowest level, according to grade level. In addition, there was a good correlation existed between academic procrastination behavior and academic performance. The primary causes for procrastination were students lack of interest in the task itself and their poor self-control. In all, this study provides preliminary evidence for future educational practices targeting procrastination.

Planning and saving for retirement

In this paper, I analyse the interplay between costly planning and imperfect self-control in the context of a dynamic retirement saving problem. For an exogenous planning horizon, poor self-control leads to fewer periods with positive savings and to under-accumulation of pension wealth. Consequently, an agent characterised by poor self-control postpones planning for retirement, or does not take action at all, if the cost of planning is high enough. The agent’s level of income emerges as another determinant of the planning decision, and thus the wealth-to-income ratio can be income dependent, even with CRRA preferences. Considering a mandatory pension scheme with rigid contribution and decumulation schedules, I demonstrate how the extent of crowding out of private savings and the associated welfare effects vary with the agent’s propensity to plan actively.

A REVIEW OF CHILDREN'S ILLEGAL RACING BASED ON LAW NO. 22 OF 2009 CONCERNING ROAD TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION

Background. The occurrence of illegal racing crime is caused by poor self-control of children and also weakening social control due to lack of family supervision, environment, school, and law enforcement to carry out their control functions. The study aimed to identify the chronology and illegal motorcycle street racing area that became a favorite place where illegal racers held in Ploso Kertosono Nganjuk and the surrounding area. Research Method. This research is considered as a field research or case study. It is used descriptive analysis method and the type of research is qualitative research. The data collection procedures of this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The primary sources included interviewing illegal riders, the society around the illegal street racing area, and police officers from the county police of Nganjuk. The secondary data were collected from books, journals, and documents. The research analyzed from Ius Constitutum included No. 22 of 2009 about Indonesian traffic law. Findings. This research results more on the chronology and describes the flow of illegal races that are so popular with children in the Ploso Kertosono Nganjuk road area and its surroundings in Nganjuk Regency and is continued with an analysis in terms of Positive Law in the form of Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. The final result is the absolute truth of Positive Law in analyzing illegal racing under applicable laws and regulations. Conclusion. The concept of Ius Constitutum analyzes illegal motorcycle street racing according to the applicable laws and regulations.

정서·행동 문제 관심군 고등학생의 게슈탈트 접촉경계혼란 요인

This study investigated the difference and relationship between Gestalt contact boundaryconfusion in high school students with emotional and behavioral problems. For the study, 58 inthe interest group and 66 in the control group were selected. The results of the study showedthat the Gestalt contact boundary confusion factor had a more negative effect on emotionalbehavior problems in the students in the interest group than in the control group. As a factorcontact boundaries confusion, showed for retroflection, projection, and egotism in the interestgroup, and retroflection and projection in the control group. In particular, in the case of theinterest group, retoflection was found to affect anxiety, projection to psychological burden, andegotism to poor self-control. Therefore, as part of a counseling stratergy for interest group, aGestalt counseling treatment approach is required.