Poor Physical Condition Research Articles

FISH MARKETING IN SOME LOCAL MARKETS OF CHUADANGA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH

Fish trading is a vital economic activity in Bangladesh, but marketing and trading practice is quite inadequately studied. Therefore, a study was carried out from July to December 2002 to examine the marketing and trading of fish in the local markets of Chuadunga district. Questionnaire survey, personal interviews, and field survey were carried out in two prominent fish markets named Rail Bazar and Sarojganj Bazar. The study revealed that there were six kinds of marketing channel operating in the study areas. The market participants included fishermen, aratder, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. The fisherman’s share decreased with the number of intermediaries in a channel. Most market participants financed their business from own funds. A fisherman spent in an average Tk. 222 for marketing 100 kg of fish which covered mainly transportation, personal expenses, aratder’s commission, market tolls, and wastages. Whereas, an intermediary spent Tk.146-169 for marketing of 100 kg fish. Where, a fisherman spent a major share for paying transportation cost and aratder’s commission, an intermediary spent quite a big share for covering losses due to wastages. The marketing margin for intermediaries, the marketing margin ranged form 6-9%. The volume of fish trading depended on the supply of fish and the number of the buyers. The study also identified that inadequate and poor physical condition of the market place, transportation, and capital shortage was only a few of many problems in the study area. Considering the importance of these markets to the economy of the region, the study suggested upgradation of the existing physical facilities of the markets, and facilitation of institutionalized credit facilities for the stakeholders.

The associations between modifiable risk factors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization study.

Early identification of modifiable risk factors is essential for the prevention of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to systematically explore the relationships between genetically predicted modifiable risk factors and NAFLD. We applied univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses to explore the relationships between 35 modifiable risk factors and NAFLD. We also evaluated the combined results in three independent large genome-wide association studies. Genetically predicted alcohol frequency, elevated serum levels of liver enzymes, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and obesity traits, including body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat mass, were associated with increased risks of NAFLD (all with p < 0.05). Poor physical condition had a suggestive increased risk for NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]=2.63, p =0.042). Genetically instrumented type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypothyroidism, and hypertension all increased the risk for NAFLD, and the ORs (95% confidence interval) were 1.508 (1.20-1.90), 13.08 (1.53-111.65), and 3.11 (1.33-7.31) for a 1-U increase in log-transformed odds, respectively. The positive associations of T2DM and hypertension with NAFLD remained significant in multivariable analyses. The combined results from the discovery and two replication datasets further confirmed that alcohol frequency, elevated serum liver enzymes, poor physical condition, obesity traits, T2DM, and hypertension significantly increase the risk of NAFLD, whereas higher education and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) could lower NAFLD risk. Genetically predicted alcohol frequency, elevated serum liver enzymes, poor physical condition, obesity traits, T2DM, and hypertension were associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, whereas higher education and HDL-cholesterol were associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD.

Clinical observation of a 64-year-old female patient with plasma cell leukemia diagnosed during coronavirus infection COVID-19

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare malignant plasma cell neoplasm with aggressive clinical progression, minimal response to therapy and unfavorable prognosis. Concomitant new coronavirus infection COVID-19 and its complications significantly worsen prognosis in patients with PCL. Currently, approaches to PCL therapy are not finalized, and regimens developed for multiple myeloma are used. In PCL, the most common clinical symptoms are renal failure and hypercalcinemia which are frequently observed in multiple myeloma. Therefore, use of proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib) with proven effectiveness in multiple myeloma, is justified. A clinical observation of a 64-year-old female patient who was hospitalized in poor physical condition with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is presented. During hospitalization, debut of PCL was suspected, and as soon as possible after diagnosis confirmation using vital indications, antitumor drug therapy was started with positive effect.

Evaluation of The Physical Training Program of Table Tennis Clubs in Bengkulu City

The problem in this study is that athletes always experience fatigue when competing in national events , which is due to their poor physical condition. The goal in this study was to evaluate the physical exercise program of coaching table tennis clubs. This research was conducted at a table tennis club in the city of Bengkulu. This type of research is aqualitative research with the CIPP method through a qualitative approach. CIPP consists of four stages, namely: Context, Input, Process, Product. Data were obtained through observations, questionnaires, interviews and documentation studies. This study uses a non-statistical qualitative analysis method, where the data reduction component, and data presentation are carried out in conjunction with the data collection process after being collected, the three components are analyzed (data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing) interact. The results of this study show that (1) The process of eligibility and qualification mechanisms for coaches and athletes of table tennis clubs in Bengkulu City includes PTM. Fortifications, PTM. Post, PTM. Tebeng is already relatively decent. (2) The implementation of the physical training program has not been running well, in the coach and athlete sectors. (3) The facilities and infrastructure owned by table tennis clubs in Bengkulu City are still categorized as not good because they are only PTM. Posts that have adjusted facilities and infrastructure according to PTMSI standards while PTM. Fortifications and NCDs. Tebeng still needs to benahi.

Lekarze i chirurdzy w Szpitalu Świętego Ducha w Rzymie w XVII–XVIII wieku

Doctors and surgeons at the Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Rome in the 17th – 18th centuries Founded in 1198 by Pope Innocent III, Europe’s largest Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Rome, run by the Order of Regular Canons of Saint Duicha, became a model for other such institutions. It performed two functions: an asylum for foundlings (brefotrophium) and a hospital-clinic for the sick, the so-called the infirmary, in which there were about a thousand in certain periods, especially during epidemics, the sick inmates specialized in the treatment of people with fever, especially those with malaria, as well as injured and requiring surgical operations. The rank and size of the hospital was evidenced by the number of outstanding doctors and surgeons, unprecedented in other European hospitals. In some periods of the eighteenth century, there were nearly twenty of them in the hospital in total, but as a rule, there were always at least four chief physicians and two chief surgeons, as well as four assistant physicians and two deputy surgeons. Moreover, when the number of patients increased, additional doctors and surgeons were hired, often working for free in the hope of obtaining full employment. Among doctors, it was possible to meet specialists of the highest class, not only combining medical practice with teaching, but also authors of outstanding works and scientific treatises in the field of medicine, philosophy and law, written on the basis of observations and experiences as well as conducted scientific research. Many doctors and surgeons working in the hospital were also papal doctors. Engagement to work in the hospital took place through public competitions. It is interesting that most of the medical and surgical staff came from very distant places and even foreign countries. All doctors and chief surgeons were hired to work at the Holy Spirit Hospital as graduates of universities and other institutes or academies. As for the six surgeons, especially their deputies, nearly all were educated and practiced in the Holy Spirit Hospital. Chief doctors, called professors and sometimes lecturers, had a hierarchical priority and supervisory position among the medical community. The latter term mainly referred to doctors and surgeons teaching at the Hospital’s Academy of Surgery, later the School of Surgery, where the nurses working in the hospital learned the art of surgery. The most important duty of the doctors and chief surgeons was to carry out twice a day (morning and after lunch) visits to patients in their departments. The visits ended at least half an hour before lunch or dinner so that the patients could be given medicines and treatments before eating. During the morning visit, the physician and the chief surgeon were accompanied by their assistants or deputies, who were on duty around the clock in the hospital, while their superiors lived outside the hospital. The fame enjoyed by doctors and surgeons has not always translated into the reliability and effectiveness of the medical services they provide in the hospital. Many of them did not pay much attention to their work. They did not fulfill the duties entrusted to them, did not come or were late to work, handed over their tasks to doctors and lower-ranking personnel, kept employment and salaries despite reaching old age and poor physical condition, preventing them from properly performing their professional duties.

The Effect of Kinesio Tape and Exercise on Maximum Key Pinch Endurance on Assembly Workers

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal pain is generally caused by poor physical conditions and repetitive movement. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of kinesio tape and exercise on maximum key pinch endurance and pain reduction regarding the assembly workers.&#x0D; Method: This clinical trial study was conducted on 40 female workers employed in the assembly part of an electrical company. The subjects were categorized into three groups: exercise-taping, exercise and control, and performing an 8-week rehabilitation plan twice a week. To assess the upper limb disability and key pinch endurance before and after the intervention, authors used DASH questionnaire and pinch gauge, respectively. Data were evaluated with SPSS 20 and one-way ANOVA, Chi-Square and paired t-test tests. In this study, pinch gauge was used to measure pinch strength. Studies show that pinch gauge has high calibration accuracy and precision.&#x0D; Results: The results of this study demonstrated a decrease in upper limb disability in the two groups of exercise and taping-exercise compared to the control group. Chi-square test indicated a statistically significant difference between the history of hand pain in the three groups. Moreover, paired t-test showed that the two hand's key pinch endurance was significantly increased in the two intervention groups compared to the control group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Using a kinesio tape can be effective in reducing pain and physical damage in hands. Therefore, at least 2 or 3 exercise sessions can be done per week during working hours.

Cytokines and Chemokines expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma: diagnosis and therapeutic responses

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) being multifaceted, it acquires genetic and epigenetic variations. These changes tend to control differentiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumors. Surgery considered the most effective treatment for NSCLC in the initial stage, about 70 to 80% of patients are not convinced about it essentially because of locoregional tumor extension, extrathoracic spread, or poor physical and functional condition when diagnosed. Cytokines have proved to be successful in cancer treatment, but the impact of certain promising targets on different immune cell populations is still unknown. In the present study, a total of 250 papers including 230 research papers and 20 review papers, extracted from PubMed and Scopus and published from December 31, 1995, to December 31 2021, are reviewed. The most important involved-chemokines in lung cancer including α-chemokine (CC), β-chemokine (CXC), γ-chemokine (C), and δ-chemokine (CX3C). While essential cytokines in lung cancer including TNF-α, IFN- γ, TGF-β and interleukins such as IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-18 are introduced. The pathological role of such chemokines and cytokines in cancer signaling pathways are investigated.

Ageism Takes Toll on Physical, Mental Health

Ageism Takes Toll on Physical, Mental Health

Urban settlements quality in Kotabaru Village, Gondokusuman Subdistrict, Yogyakarta City

This research was conducted around the Code River, especially in Kotabaru village, Gondokusuman Subdistrict, Yogyakarta City. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of urban settlements and analyze their quality. The data collection method was carried out by using the multistage random sampling method. This sampling technique was carried out in two stages, namely classifying and selecting samples randomly. Data processing was done by scoring method using Sturges’ rules. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data analysis was carried out by explaining the results of data processing in depth. The results showed that most of the houses had poor accessibility, poor physical building conditions, good environmental sanitation, and residential environment characteristics with moderate conditions. This study also found that the quality of settlements in the study area with poor, moderate, and good classes was 30.43%, 50%, 19.57%, respectively. Indicators that lead to poor quality of settlements include accessibility, number of health facilities, land area per person, distance of clean water sources from fecal dumps, road width, and tree cover.

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Postoperative Recurrence and Malignant Transformation of Low-Grade Glioma.

This research was developed to explore the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of postoperative recurrence and malignant transformation of low-grade glioma (LGG). The subjects were rolled into observation group (19 cases) and control group (51 cases) according to recurrence and malignant transformation during the follow-up period. The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the risk factors of recurrence and malignant transformation were analyzed with the time of recurrence and malignant transformation as independent variables. The experimental results showed that the proportion of patients aged over 45 years in the observation group (63.16%) was higher than that in the control group (50.98%). The proportion of preoperative functional status score (KPS) ≥80 in the observation group (68.42%) was lower than that in the control group (78.43%). The proportion of patients with tumor over 5 cm in the control group (27.45%) was lower than that in the observation group (52.63%), and the proportion of total resection of tumor in the control group (47.06%) was higher than that in the observation group (21.05%). Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that preoperative KPS score, preoperative duration of disease, resection scope, postoperative treatment, oncotesticular antigen (OY-TES-1) mRNA, P53, mouse double microbody amplification gene (MDM2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were independent risk factors (all P < 0.05). In summary, patients with postoperative recurrence and malignant transformation had poorer physical condition and higher degree of malignancy before surgery. Preoperative KPS score, duration of disease, surgical resection scope, postoperative treatment, OY-TES-1 mRNA, P53, MDM2, VEGF, and EGFR were the risk factors.

Consequence of Environmental Change on the Animal’s Health and Productivity: A Brief Review

The effects of climate change, especially global warming, can greatly affect the production performance and health of animals around the world. The national average temperature has increased by 1°C since 1970. Most livestock owners in the country feel that weather change is affecting farm animal production and health. The main impacts of weather change on animal production include feed shortages, water shortages, reduced livestock genomic resources, decreased productivity, and reduced mature weight and/or longer time to reach mature weight based on their significance. High temperatures resulting from environmental alteration may increase the level of development of few pathogens or parasites that found one or more life cycle levels outside the mammalian host. Besides, the spatial disposition and visibility of pasture and water are largely depending on the pattern and visibility of rainfall. Food and water shortages bestow to deduced livestock abundance and reproductive execution. These include slow growth rate of animals, loss of body condition, decreased milk yield, and poor reproductive performance of mature animals. Drought bulls that are debilitated and in poor physical condition cannot provide sufficient drought energy for plowing and thus hinder crop cultivation. Bush encroachment, as well as population pressure, leads to reduced availability of good pastures thus environmental change will have far-reaching consequences for animal yield and health, especially in vulnerable parts of nature where it is essential for nutrients and maintenance. Once more, the environmental change affects farm animal health through various mechanisms; which are effects on parasites, effects on hosts, and vectors, such as alters in precipitation and temperature schemes that can influence both the placement and ample of disease careers; and effects on micropaleontology, such as alteration of transmission levels between hosts. This study has focused to investigate the inherent impacts of environmental alteration on livestock health and productivity.

The Underlying Mechanisms of Sports Injuries in Paralympic Goalball: A Mixed-Method Study.

Data from the Paralympic Games indicate a fluctuating injury incidence in the Paralympic sport goalball, but the mechanisms behind have not been explored. The aims of this study are to (1) quantitatively analyze goalball injuries reported in the London 2012 and Rio 2016 Paralympic Games, (2) qualitatively explain the differences between both games, and (3) qualitatively assess general injury mechanisms and prevention opportunities of injuries in Goalball. This is a mixed-method study. Injury incidence rates were analyzed from data collected during the 2012 and 2016 Paralympic Games. Then, semistructured interviews of games participants qualitatively explored injury mechanisms and prevention opportunities. A reduction of injuries occurred from 2012 (incidence rate, 19.5; 95% confidence interval, 12.5-26.5) to 2016 (incidence rate: 5.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-9.5). In both games, acute traumatic injuries were most common. Female athletes reported higher rate of injuries compared with males ( P = 0.05). Qualitative data revealed that causes of injuries were collisions, overuse, and poor physical conditioning. The differences between the two games were explained by equipment, environment, and preparations. The result from this study indicates that injuries in goalball are multifactorial. Ultimately, the mixed-method data from this study can help the sports context develop prevention measures.

Reasons for lack of treatment in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma

Background The proportion of patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma that do not receive systemic anticancer treatment and the reasons for lack of treatment are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and overall survival of this patient group and reasons for omission of treatment. Material and methods This retrospective, single-center cohort study from Rigshospitalet, Denmark included patients diagnosed with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma during the study period from 1 January 2010 to 31 March 2016 who did not receive systemic anticancer treatment. Patients were identified through the Danish Pathology Register and the electronic medical records. Results 100 patients were included, representing 34% of all patients diagnosed with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma at Rigshospitalet during the study period. Lack of treatment was most often due to poor physical condition (59%), decreased renal function (15%), or patient preferences (14%). Median overall survival was 1.9 months (95% CI: 1.6–2.8 months). Conclusion One in three patients diagnosed with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the pre-immunotherapy era did not receive systemic anticancer treatment. Prompt identification of advanced disease and interventions to optimize these patients for treatment are essential. Our findings underscore the compelling need for novel, better tolerated treatment regimens in this frail patient group.

Gut cancer increases the risk of Drosophila being preyed upon by hunting spiders

Predators are thought to prey on individuals that are in poor physical condition, although the evidence supporting this is ambiguous. We tested whether sick individuals were more predated using Drosophila melanogaster flies as manipulable prey. We asked whether hunting spiders, trapped from the wild, would selectively prey upon flies with compromised health (i.e. chronically infected or cancerous) versus healthy flies, under laboratory conditions. Flies chronically infected with the bacterium Providencia rettgeri , a natural Drosophila pathogen, were not selectively preyed upon by jumping spiders. We strengthened and confirmed our finding with another hunting spider species, small wolf spiders. This result supports the hypothesis that chronic infection is associated with reduced symptoms notably to avoid the potentially deadly consequences for pathogens of host predation. We then induced colon cancer in some of the flies and asked whether the presence of cancer led to selective predation; there is little empirical evidence for this, even in vertebrates. As the cancer developed, the incidence of predation by jumping spiders on the afflicted flies increased. We conclude that disease can have different lethal consequences through predation, even in invertebrate species, and that cancer is a factor in selective predation. Our results may explain why early tumours, but not metastasized cancers, are commonly detected in organisms in the wild, as cancer-bearing individuals are rapidly eliminated due to the strong selective pressure against them. • Chronic infection of Drosophila did not significantly affect the risk of predation. • Predation may play a role in selection of symptoms of chronic infections. • Hyperplasia in Drosophila gut did not change predation risk by jumping spiders. • Advanced cancer in Drosophila gut increased predation risk by jumping spiders. • Selective predation may explain why cancer is rarely detected in wild populations.

Huber Kalman Filter for Wi-Fi Based Vehicle Driver's Respiration Detection

The use of breath detection in vehicles can reduce the number of vehicular accidents caused by drivers in poor physical condition. Prior studies of contactless respiration detection mainly targeted a static person. However, there are emerging applications to sense a driver, with emphasis on contactless methods. For example, being able to detect a driver's respiration while driving by using a vehicular Wi-Fi system can significantly enhance driving safety. The sensing system can be mounted on the back of the driver's seat, and it can sense the tiny chest displacement of the driver via Wi-Fi signals. The body displacement and car vibrations could introduce significant noise in the sensed signal. The noise then needs to be filtered to obtain the driver's respiration. In this work, the noise in the sensed signal is proposed to be reduced using a Huber Kalman filter to restore the original respiration curve. Through several experiments in terms of different drivers, different car models, multiple passengers, and abnormal breathing, we demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the Huber Kalman filter in driver's respiration.

Screening for health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia

Whilst there has been a growing interest in children’s welfare in recent years, there has been a lack of consideration for those with special needs or health conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both children with ASD and neurotypical children may be affected by low self-esteem, poor physical condition, or psychological distress at school, which can affect their quality of life. It is therefore important for children and young people to have their quality of life measured and understood. While, for the Arab world, including Saudi Arabia, there has been the translation of health-related quality of life tools, there is a need to ensure their validity compared to the original English language versions. In light of this need, this paper presents the development and application of the KIDSCREEN-52 method to measure the quality of life for children with ASD and neurotypical children in schools in Saudi Arabia. A quantitative approach was employed to achieve the development of the method consisting of instrument translation and the standardized assessment of the quality of life for Saudi pupils. This developed method was found to independently and analytically assess the quality of life in Saudi pupils. The results from the application of the developed instrument revealed that although children without ASD rated their quality of life higher than those with ASD, overall, most Saudi Arabian students with ASD enjoy a reasonable quality of life. The findings of this study should be of interest to educators and individuals working with and on behalf of school-aged children and young people in foreign language settings where the application of development instruments could reveal the health-related quality of life.

Parents exposed to warming produce offspring lower in weight and condition.

The parental environment can alter offspring phenotypes via the transfer of non‐genetic information. Parental effects may be viewed as an extension of (within‐generation) phenotypic plasticity. Smaller size, poorer physical condition, and skewed sex ratios are common responses of organisms to global warming, yet whether parental effects alleviate, exacerbate, or have no impact on these responses has not been widely tested. Further, the relative non‐genetic influence of mothers and fathers and ontogenetic timing of parental exposure to warming on offspring phenotypes is poorly understood. Here, we tested how maternal, paternal, and biparental exposure of a coral reef fish (Acanthochromis polyacanthus) to elevated temperature (+1.5°C) at different ontogenetic stages (development vs reproduction) influences offspring length, weight, condition, and sex. Fish were reared across two generations in present‐day and projected ocean warming in a full factorial design. As expected, offspring of parents exposed to present‐day control temperature that were reared in warmer water were shorter than their siblings reared in control temperature; however, within‐generation plasticity allowed maintenance of weight, resulting in a higher body condition. Parental exposure to warming, irrespective of ontogenetic timing and sex, resulted in decreased weight and condition in all offspring rearing temperatures. By contrast, offspring sex ratios were not strongly influenced by their rearing temperature or that of their parents. Together, our results reveal that phenotypic plasticity may help coral reef fishes maintain performance in a warm ocean within a generation, but could exacerbate the negative effects of warming between generations, regardless of when mothers and fathers are exposed to warming. Alternatively, the multigenerational impact on offspring weight and condition may be a necessary cost to adapt metabolism to increasing temperatures. This research highlights the importance of examining phenotypic plasticity within and between generations across a range of traits to accurately predict how organisms will respond to climate change.

PB2097: ZANUBRUTINIB PLUS RITUXIMAB FOR THE TREATMENT OF ELDERLY UNFIT PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED DIFFUSE LARGE-B CELL LYMPHOMA

Background: Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is common in the elderly patients, Some elderly patients can not tolerate the standard dose of R-CHOP due to age, poor physical condition, and severe complications. The overall response rate of elderly unfit DLBCL patients who received a reduced dose R-CHOP regimen was only 60%. It is extremely important to explore new therapeutic options. Zanubrutinib is a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor which was still in an exploratory phase in patients with DLBCL.The efficacy of Zanubrutinib plus Rituximab in elderly unfit Patients with DLBCL is still unknown. Aims: This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of Zanubrutinib plus Rituximab in elderly unfit Patients With Previously Untreated Diffuse large-B cell Lymphoma in China. Methods: In the present study, a prospective, single-arm,single-center study was conducted (CHiCTR-2000039342). patients who fulfil the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Inclusion criteria: patients aged ≥65 years, pathologically confirmed DLBCL,and assessed unfit by Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment(IACA). Unfit patients defined as follows: i.e. IADL score ≤7, or age >75 years, or CCI score ≥3, or serum albumin <3.4 g/ml. Patients enrolled were planed to treat with Zanubrutinib combined with rituximab (Zanubrutinib 160 mg orally twice daily and rituximab 375 mg/m2 day1 iv, every 28 days, ZR regimen), for a total of eight courses. After induction therapy, maintenance treatment with Zanubrutinib 160mg orally twice daily was given until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Efficacy was evaluated by PET/CT or enhanced Computed Tomography scan every two months, treatment-related adverse effects were evaluated in every one month. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China. Results: From July 2020 to December 2021, a total of eight elderly unfit DLBCL patients were enrolled. one patient was 72 years old with IADL score of 6, CCI score of 4. the other seven patients were aged over 80 years. the most common comorbidities were cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes.The female to male ratio was 6:2. four patients were classified as GCB pathological subtype, six patients were diagnosed with stage III-IV. At a median follow up of 8 months (2-19months). two patients achieved complete response(CR), and remained in CR at months 8. four patients achieved partial response(PR), with one patient disease progression(PFS 8 months), one patient achieved stable disease (SD) after 2 cycles and have disease progression after 4cycles, with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 4 months. one patient was refractory to treatment and withdrew after 2 cycles. One patients died due to disease progression, with overall survival(OS) of 11 months, ZR regimen was well-tolerated, with grade 2 urinary tract infections in 4/7 patients, grade 2 respiratory infections in 2/7, grade 1 Petechial hemorrhages in 3/7, grade 2 skin rash in 2/7, and grade 2 deep vein thrombosis in 1/7. No grade 4 or higher adverse events were observed. Seven patients had a dose reduction due to toxicity. The regular doses of Zanubrutinib can be tolerated was 160 mg qdA1-80mg qdP1. Two patients had discontinued Zanubrutinib due to adverse events for one to three weeks. Image:Summary/Conclusion: Zanubrutinib in combination with Rituximab may be a well-tolerated and effective regimen in elderly unfit DLBCL patients. Dose reduction may be required for some patients to improve tolerability. A large sample size clinical trial is needed to further validate this conclusion in the future.

Effect of a Supervised Exercise-Training Programme on Morbidity and Wellness of South African Hajj Pilgrims in 2018: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Ill health and poor physical and mental conditioning adversely affects pilgrims’ ability to optimally perform the arduous physical rituals of Hajj. We postulate that a supervised, pre-departure exercise programme improves their health status and may reduce morbidity. Methods: Ninety-three accredited pilgrims completed a 6-12 weeks graduated, supervised walking programme designed to get the participants fit to do a 10 km walk. Assessments including a morbidity survey, a six-minute walk test, and a POMS (Profile of Mood States) were conducted before and immediately after the exercise programme. A morbidity questionnaire, the six-minute walk test, and POMS were completed post-Hajj (n=88). A group of 200 non-matched pilgrims who were not part of the exercise programme, were approached post-Hajj to fill in the morbidity questionnaire, with eight-two responding. Results: Results for 88 participants were available with 13.7% reporting medical events during the Hajj period, significantly less than the non-participants (62.2% of 82 respondents), and less when compared to other studies (up to 91%). The mean distance recorded in the six-minute walk test increased by 5% after the exercise programme (481.3 meters before to 506.3 m after) and 3% after Hajj (520.7 m). Similar positive changes in the POMS were noted across the three time periods. The resting heart rate did not show significant changes. Conclusion: This study shows that a supervised exercise programme for Hajj pilgrims has a positive effect on their physical and mental conditioning, which may reduce morbidity. Larger controlled trials are warranted to determine the optimum dose of exercise.

Research of Building 3D Model in External Fixator for Proximal Femoral Fracture Based on Locking Plate Shape

The software of 3D-Modeling(UG NX 10.0) was used to design a new external fixator model for proximal femoral fracture, and fresh femoral cadaver specimens were used to simulate experimental operation. The results showed that the external fixator designed with the proximal femoral locking plate shape can improve the accuracy of Kirschner wire penetration into the femoral neck, reduce fluoroscopic and soft tissue incision injuries, and make a good stability and is easy to operate, which has a certain value for patients with proximal femoral fracture, such as intolerant surgery and poor physical condition.