Poor Nutritional Intake Research Articles

Determinants of Stunting in Indonesia: Investigating Key Factors Influencing Child Growth

Stunting is a condition of growth failure that occurs in children, especially those under the age of five, caused by chronic poor nutritional intake and recurrent infectious diseases. Stunting is a social problem that has an impact on child development and the achievement of human resource quality. This study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate stunting in children in Tapanuli Tengah Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The sample consisted of 402 children from five districts, chosen for their focus on stunting prevention. Data collection involved mother interviews and measuring children's length/height-for-age indicators. The study examined a variety of family and child characteristics, including age, gender, father's occupation, family income, birth weight, birth length, and disease history. Multiple Logistic Regression is used to analyze the determinant impact of stunting events on children under five. It was found that 23.4% of stunted children in Tapanuli Tengah Regency. The results of the study show that there was a significant influence of birth length and history of illness on the incidence of stunting. History of illness is the dominant risk factor for stunting, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.8 with a Confidence Interval (CI) value of 1.120-2. 895. This informs that children who have a history of illness are almost 2 times more likely to be stunted than children who do not have a history of the disease. This study highlights the prevalence of stunting in Tapanuli Tengah Regency and its association with birth length and a history of illness. Interventions to combat stunting should target improving birth length and addressing children's history of illness. These findings align with existing literature on stunting in Indonesia and underscore the need for targeted interventions. Stunting remains a critical public health concern in Indonesia, necessitating context-specific efforts in Tapanuli Tengah Regency

The Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise Therapy Combination of Aromatherapy Based on Orem's Self Care Theory on Fatigue and Sleep Quality in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Hemodialysis

Patients hemodialysis with experience complaints of anemia, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and increased urea levels. Fatigue and sleep disorders are still a high problem in Indonesia. Increased urea levels can cause decreased appetite, poor nutritional intake and complaints of fatigue. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of deep breathing exercise therapy combined with Orem self-care based aromatherapy on fatigue levels and sleep quality. The design in this research is quasi-experimental. Population of all hemodialysis patients at RSI Jemursari Surabaya. The sample size was 40 people, divided into 2 groups, namely the intervention group and the control group. The sampling technique was taken using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test a < 0.05 and looking at the difference in values using the delta test. The results of research conducted at RSI Jemursari Surabaya, showed that the average fatigue score in the intervention group before giving deep breathing exercise therapy, a combination of aromatherapy based on self-care Orem, was 36.90 and after being given the intervention, it was found to decrease by 15.90, while the control group did not. given any therapy, according to hospital standards of 34.65 and experienced a decrease of 19.65. Based on the independent t - test, it shows p = 0.003 and sleep quality shows p = 0.001, which means that deep breathing exercise therapy combined with aromatherapy based on Orem self-care has an effect on fatigue and sleep quality. Deep breathing exercise therapy a combination of aromatherapy based on Self-Care Orem according to standards, can reduce fatigue levels and improve sleep quality.

Relationship Between Level of Maternal Knowledge about Nutrition of Pregnant Women with the Incidence of Stunting in Children Under Five

ABSTRACT Stunting can be caused by several factors, including poor nutritional intake during pregnancy in toddlers. Some of them are readiness to become mothers where this is motivated by a very high rate of early marriage. Unpreparedness in facing motherhood can affect perceptions in parenting. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about nutrition of pregnant women with the incidence of stunting in children under five in Sisir Village, Batu City with a cross-sectional analytical descriptive design involving 56 respondents consisting of maternal respondents and toddlers aged 1-5 years with purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected with maternal knowledge level questionnaires during pregnancy and z score graphs. Results: Data analysis using Spearman Rank test with α = 0.05. The results showed that the significance value (sig) or p value was 0.009. Because the value of sig (0.009) > (0.05) with a correlation value of 0.347, the results of the data obtained from respondents mean h0 rejected h1 accepted. There is a relationship between the level of knowledge of parents and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The results of the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of parents and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. Discussion: In Batu city comb sub-district. It is hoped that mothers can try to find knowledge and information related to nutrition and other factors that can cause stunting, and mothers can start paying attention to nutrition during pregnancy for preventive measures against the impact of stunting on the development of the next child at birth. Keywords: Maternal Knowledge, Gestation Period, Incidence Of Stunting

Pregnant Women's Efforts to Prevent Stunting During Pregnancy at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency

Stunting is another form of growth failure and chronic malnutrition. Stunting can occur before birth and is caused by very poor nutritional intake during pregnancy, very poor eating patterns, low food quality in line with the frequency of infections so that it can inhibit growth. Stunting prevention is an important priority, especially during pregnancy. The aim of this research is to describe the efforts of pregnant women to prevent stunting during pregnancy at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency. The research design used in this research is descriptive. The population was all third trimester pregnant women at the Akbar Medika Clinic, Mojokerto Regency, totaling 30 people, the sampling technique used was a non-probability sampling technique, accidental sampling type, totaling 28 people. The results of this research are that efforts to prevent stunting during pregnancy among pregnant women in the third trimester are mostly good (64.3%). Mother's characteristics and sociodemographics are related to stunting prevention behavior, some of which are age and education. The older the mother gets, the better the knowledge she gets and the better mindset she has, thus making the mother behave well. With higher education, mothers can more easily receive information and are able to apply all things or behavior that are good for their pregnancy.

Evaluation and Management of Hyponatremia in Heart Failure.

To provide a contemporary overview of the pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia in heart failure (HF). Potassium and magnesium losses due to poor nutritional intake and treatment with diuretics cause an intracellular sodium shift in HF that may contribute to hyponatremia. Impaired renal blood flow leading to a lower glomerular filtration rate and increased proximal tubular reabsorption lead to an impaired tubular flux through diluting distal segments of the nephron, compromising electrolyte-free water excretion. Hyponatremia in HF is typically a condition of impaired water excretion by the kidneys on a background of potassium and magnesium depletion. While those cations can and should be easily repleted, further treatment should mainly focus on improving the underlying HF and hemodynamics, while addressing congestion. For decongestive treatment, proximally acting diuretics such as sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, acetazolamide, and loop diuretics are the preferred options.

Comprehensive assessment of nutritional and functional status of patients with ulcerative colitis and their impact on quality of life.

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are likely to have poor nutritional intake and increased gut losses. This study was designed to study the prevalence and predictors of nutritional deficiencies in patients with UC and their impact on thequality of life (QOL). A prospective study was conducted among consenting patients with UC (cases) and healthy relatives of the cases (controls) visiting a university teaching hospital. They were assessed for clinical, demographic, endoscopic (Mayo score) and histological profile (Robart's score). They were assessed for thepresence of macronutrient and micronutrient deficiency, anthropometry, functional status (muscle strength by dynamometer and sit-to-stand test) and thequality of life (short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire [SIBDQ]). A SIBDQ score of ≤ 50 was considered poor QOL. We studied 126 cases and 57 healthy controls (age [mean ± SD] 37.7 ± 13.2years vs. 34.40 ± 11.05years; [p = 0.10] females [38.1% vs. 38.7%]; p = 0.94). Cases more often were underweight (28% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.001), had low mid arm circumference (45% vs. 12%; p < 0.0001), lower functional status in the form of weaker hand grip strength (67% vs. 45.6%; p = 0.007) and weaker lower limb strength (80% vs. 42%; p < 0.0001). Cases more often hadthe evidence of macronutrient deficiencies: total serum protein deficiency (31% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.0001), serum albumin deficiency (25.4% vs. 0.00%; p < 0.0001) and cholesterol deficiency (63% vs. 28%; p < 0.0001). Micronutrient deficiencies were highly prevalent among cases: calcium (44%), phosphate (21%), magnesium (11%), zinc (76%), iron (87%), folate (16%), vitamin B12 (10%) and vitamin D (81%). Most cases had a poor quality of life (85/126; 67.5%). Factors associated with poor QOL were low hemoglobin, serum albumin, zinc and vitamin D levels and histologically active disease. On multi-variate analysis, low vitamin D levels (odds ratio [OR] = 6.1; 95%confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-19.7) and histologically active disease (OR = 4.0; 95%CI: 1.6-9.9) were identified as independent predictors of poor QOL. Macronutrient deficiency, micronutrient deficiency, lower functional status and poorer QOL are highly prevalent among patients with UC. The independent predictors of poor QOL were histologically active disease and low serum vitamin D levels. Identifying and correcting the deficiencies may help in improving the QOL of patients with UC.

Nutritional status of pregnant women and its impact on child stunting incidence in Indonesia: Literature review

The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of stunting in children in Indonesia based on a review of several related studies. The research method used is a literature review by searching for research articles related to the topic of stunting and nutrition of pregnant women in Indonesia in the last 10 years from online databases. Relevant articles were collected and analyzed systematically. Several studies show that pregnant women with poor nutritional intake and status are at risk of giving birth to babies with stunting and low birth weight. Other factors such as diet, personal hygiene and infections also influence the nutritional status of pregnant women. Poor nutritional status of pregnant women contributes significantly to the risk of stunting in children. Optimizing the nutrition of pregnant women through supplementation, education and increasing access to nutritious food is important as an effort to prevent stunting from an early age.

IMPROVEMENT IN GROWTH AND NUTRITION STATUS AFTER ANTI-TNF THERAPY INITIATION AMONG PATIENTS WITH PEDIATRIC CROHN’S DISEASE: RESULTS FROM THE COMBINE TRIAL

Abstract BACKGROUND Growth failure impacts 15-40% of children with Crohn’s disease (CD). Potential causes of growth failure include chronic inflammation, malabsorption, and poor nutritional intake. Control of inflammation is key to improving growth outcomes. Anti-TNF therapy has been associated with improved growth and nutritional status in affected children. Large studies of serial outcomes of growth after anti-TNF therapy initiation are limited. OBJECTIVE We sought to 1) describe baseline weight, height, and BMI status at anti-TNF initiation in children with CD in a large, multicenter clinical trial, 2) compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with and without weight, height, and BMI disturbance, and 3) describe follow-up anthropometric parameters at approximately 12 and 24 months after anti-TNF initiation. METHODS We analyzed data from the COMBINE trial, a multicenter study comparing infliximab or adalimumab in combination with oral methotrexate to anti-TNF monotherapy for children with CD. We obtained demographic, clinical, and anthropometric data at time of enrollment and after 12 and 24 months. Weight, height, and BMI Z-scores were dichotomized as normal (≥ -1) versus disturbance (&amp;lt; -1) at each time point. We used standard descriptive statistics to summarize the distribution of Z-scores and bivariate statistics to compare demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics among participants with versus without growth disturbance at baseline. RESULTS Our study population included 199 children (25% female, 83% white, mean age 12 years). Of these, 53 (26.6%) had a weight disturbance at baseline (Table 1). Of 188 children with height data available at baseline, 52 (27.7%) had a height disturbance and 37 (19.7%) had a BMI disturbance. The mean short pediatric CD activity index (sPCDAI) was higher in those defined with weight, height, and BMI disturbance at baseline compared to those with normal parameters (Table 2). Gender, race, ethnicity, and age at time of anti-TNF initiation were not different between groups with and without weight, height, or BMI disturbances. Approximately 12 months after enrollment, the proportion of patients with height disturbance was 6.1% with a continued decrease to 0.9% at 24 months. BMI disturbance was observed in 7.5% of participants at 12 months and 2.8% at 24 months. Weight disturbance was observed among 5.7% and 0.8% of participants at 12 and 24 months respectively. DISCUSSION A substantial proportion of children with CD had weight, height, and BMI disturbance at time of anti-TNF initiation. These proportions decreased at approximately 12 months and 24 months, demonstrating significant improvement in growth disturbances after anti-TNF therapy. Table 1 % of children with weight, height, and BMI disturbance (Z-score &amp;lt;-1) at time of enrollment in addition to 12 and 24 months after anti-TNF therapy initiation. Table 2 Mean short pediatric Crohn’s disease activity index (sPCDAI) for BMI, weight, and height at time of anti-TNF initiation.

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Stunting Pada Balita Di Puskesmas Kota Manna Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan

Globally, stunting remains one of the main nutritional problems in infants and children under five years old. Stunting is a condition in children marked by length or height for age and sex less than -2 SD based on the World Health Organization (WHO) growth curve, due to chronic malnutrition associated with low socioeconomic conditions, poor nutritional intake and maternal health, a history of recurrent illness, and/or inappropriate infant and young child feeding practices. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of mothers about stunting in toddlers at the Puskesmas Kota Manna, South Bengkulu Regency. The method used in this research is quantitative research with descriptive research method. The population of this study were all mothers who had toddlers in the working area of the Puskesmas Kota Manna, South Bengkulu Regency in June 2023 with 20 samples selected using the random sampling method. The results of this study obtained the age of the majority of respondents aged in the range of 20-35 years as many as 18 people (90.0%), the minority aged&gt; 35 years as many as 2 people (10.0%). The majority of respondents' education is junior high school as many as 8 people (40.0%), the minority of SARJANA is 5 people (25.0%). The majority of respondents' occupations were housewives as many as 14 people (70.0%) and a minority of civil servants as many as 2 people (10.0%). the majority of respondents' knowledge was lacking, namely 9 people (45.0%) and a minority of sufficient knowledge as many as 7 people (35.0%). Based on the results of the study, the majority of mothers' knowledge about stunting in toddlers at the Puskesmas Kota Manna, South Bengkulu Regency in 2023 was less as many as 9 people (45.0%).

Gestational Malnutrition is Still the Skeleton in the Closet: Where Are the Malnutrition Risk Screening Criteria?

In 2020 there were 3,613,647 live births in the US. Fifty to 90% of those pregnancies were affected by nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) while the most severe NVP, known as hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) affected 1.5- 3.0% of those gravidas. In 2014 58,436 gravidas were hospitalized with HG. While hospital admissions for HG were down 42%, the number seen in Emergency departments rose by 27.7%. Although HG has been viewed as a positive predictor of a favorable pregnancy outcome, patients who also demonstrate weight loss and electrolyte disturbance may be a distinct entity and at greater risk for growth retardation and fetal anomalies. Poorly managed HG can result in compounded maternal injuries, increased rates of therapeutic abortions and suicide ideation, as well as a high rate of fetal loss. This study focuses on one of the most severe catastrophes originating from HG: Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) continues to be an under-recognized and often misunderstood disease in all populations. The acknowledged cause of WE is vitamin B1 or thiamin deficiency, a specific form of malnutrition. Unfortunately, this syndrome is most often recognized at autopsy, especially among non-alcoholics. One manifestation of WE is cognitive dysfunction which may explain the increase in suicidal ideation and/or elected terminations. The current mounting legislation of pregnancy termination limits will complicate the decision to abort for critically ill gravidas and their medical providers. However, antecedent events to WE are extremely poor nutritional intake leading to excessive weight loss and delayed nutritional interventions which can mitigate these situations.

Optimasi Model Algoritma Klasifikasi menggunakan Metode Bagging pada Stunting Balita

Stunting is a serious problem for the health of toddlers, who experience malnutrition during their development. Poor nutritional intake or a lack of knowledge about nutrition can be a factor in stunting. This study aims to optimize the stunting classification algorithm in toddlers using the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes by using bagging optimization. This study uses toddler data totaling 10,000 records, 7 attributes, and 2 classes taken from Krobokan Health Center, Semarang City. Based on the findings of this study, the Bagging Method shows excellent performance with 89.77% accuracy, 95.57% precision, 85.45% recall, and a 90.27% F1-score. This shows great potential for improving the model's ability to classify data with a high degree of accuracy, completeness, and balance. The SVM model has a high recall of 80.59%, while the Naïve Bayes model gets an F1-score of 71.84%, indicating that Naïve Bayes has a good balance between precision and recall. Overall, the Bagging Model is the best choice, with far superior performance compared to other models. Based on the results obtained, the Bagging Method can predict stunting data accurately, showing a very good level of truth in stunting prediction efforts.

No food for thought-How important is breakfast to the health, educational attainment and wellbeing of school-aged children and young people?

There have been reports from teachers of pupils in the United Kingdom arriving at school hungry. Poor nutritional intake during childhood can increase the risk of developing both short- and long-term health problems. Breakfast consumption has been associated with several outcomes including better diet quality and healthier weight status. Nevertheless, skipping breakfast is a frequent behaviour in young people, particularly adolescents, and those from lower socio-economic groups, who are less likely to meet dietary recommendations and nutritional targets. The aim of this narrative review is to explore the contribution of breakfast consumption at home or at school and the impact of breakfast skipping on nutrient intakes in school-aged children (aged 4-18 years), and their effect on weight and cardiometabolic health. We will also summarise evidence for a link with cognitive function and educational attainment. A broadly positive effect of breakfast intake on diet quality, weight status and school-related outcomes was found in the literature, although inconsistencies in findings and methodological limitations within the evidence base are notable. Further research is warranted to better understand impact of breakfast intake and school breakfast provision on longer-term learning, educational attainment and health outcomes. This also needs to consider the cost benefit, type of breakfast and any unintended consequences such as encouraging multiple breakfasts. Breakfast consumption could improve the nutritional intakes of the most vulnerable young people and may help to address inequalities in educational outcomes at least in the short term.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING HISTORY AND STUNTING INCIDENCE IN TODDLERS AGE 24-60 MONTHS

Currently the incidence of short toddlers or called stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world. One of the causes of the stunting problem is the delay in Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) and non-exclusive breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding for at least 6 months. Breast milk is a nutritional intake that fits the needs that help the growth and development of children. Children who do not get enough breast milk mean they have poor nutritional intake and can cause malnutrition, one of which can cause the risk of stunting. The method of this study is observational analytic with a retrospective approach. The number of samples in this study were 72 toddlers. The instrument used to obtain secondary data in this study was the MCH handbook, and the instrument used to obtain primary data in this study was research observation sheets. The data were analyzed using the Fisher Exact test. The results showed that out of 72 toddlers, 36 toddlers experienced stunting, 37 of them were not given exclusive breastfeeding and 35 of them were given exclusive breastfeeding. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (P Value 0,000). There is a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-60 months in the working area of the Telen Health Center.

Tuntas Cepat Masalah Stunting Sejak Dini Bersama Mahasiswa KUKERTA UNRI 2023 di Desa Sukadamai Singingi Hilir Kuantan Singingi

Stunting is a serious problem of malnutrition that interferes with the growth and development of children. Many factors can cause stunting in toddlers such as toddler characteristics and socioeconomic factors. Stunting can occur before giving birth and is caused by very poor nutritional intake during pregnancy, low quality of life in line with the frequency of communication diseases, thereby inhibiting growth. This observational research was conducted in Sukadamai Village, Singingi Hilir District, Kuantan Singingi District. There is a lack of knowledge among village residents about stunting, therefore KUKERTA UNRI students are embracing residents again in stunting prevention outreach activities. This activity contains appeals for the prevention and proper handling of stunting. Then the impact of the gap that occurs if you don't adopt a healthy and clean lifestyle which can cause stunting in children. The activity continued with the provision of morning exercises and education on a culture of healthy living and nutrition for pregnant women. From this activity, the results and targets that KKN students want to achieve are high enthusiasm from the residents so that this outreach activity runs smoothly. The villagers no longer feel out of place and know about how to prevent stunting. As well as, appropriate complementary feeding of ASI.

The Decrease in Serum Total Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Concentrations With the Initiation of Hemodialysis Despite a Concomitant Increase in Serum Albumin Concentrations.

Background and objective Hemodialysis patients often have lower serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol concentrations compared to the general population. It is unclear if this is due to a persistent decline in the values due to kidney disease or if the hemodialysis itself is contributing to the lower values. It is often assumed that malnutrition and anorexia are the main causes of the low lipid concentration in hemodialysis patients. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between hemodialysis initiation and serum lipid and albumin concentrations. Methodology The medical records of all patients initiating hemodialysis over an 11-year period at a single center were retrospectively reviewed. The data of 145 patients who had all the required lab values available were ultimately included in the study. Serum lipid levels at the initiation of hemodialysis were compared to values obtained mostly 6-18 months later. In order to determine if poor nutritional status is the reason for the decline in serum lipid levels, the serum albumin concentration at the initiation of hemodialysis was compared to that obtained during follow-up labs. Results We observed that serum cholesterol concentration declined from an average of 147 mg/dL to 137 mg/dL, while LDL decreased from an average of 78 mg/dL to 68 mg/dL, andserum albumin concentration increased from 3.4 g/dL to 3.8 g/dL after an average follow-up period of 10.8 months. Conclusions Based on our findings, the declinein serum LDL and total cholesterol concentrations with the initiation of hemodialysis may not be attributed to poor nutritional intake.

Ontology-based Nutrition Recommender System for Stunting Patients

Stunting is a growth disorder that occurs in early childhood. This condition occurs because the child has a chronic nutritional problem which triggers the child to have a height below normal. The indicator used as a standard for whether a child is stunted or not is height for age. If a child has a z-score value less than -2 standard deviations, then the child is said to suffer from stunting. Poor nutritional intake is one of the factors causing children to suffer from stunting. Most Indonesian people think that the genetics of both parents causes children to be shorter than their age, but genetics is a minimal factor that causes stunting. In 2020, Indonesia ranks second in the prevalence of stunting in Southeast Asia, according to the Asian Development Bank (ADB) report. Based on the results of the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) in 2021, the stunting prevalence rate in Indonesia 2021 is 24.4%, but in 2022, the stunting prevalence rate will drop to 21.6%. One way to treat stunting in children is by providing daily nutritional intake according to the child's condition. In this study, we used the Telegram chatbot with an ontology and the rules Semantic Web Rule Language as a knowledge base. The accuracy performance of our system is 93.3% which shows that our system can provide nutritional recommendations for stunting patients.

Low Emulsifier Diet in Healthy Female Adults: A Feasibility Study of Nutrition Education and Counseling Intervention.

Emulsifiers are food additives commonly found in processed foods to improve texture stabilization and food preservation. Dietary emulsifier intake can potentially damage the gut mucosal lining resulting in chronic inflammation such as Crohn's disease. This study investigates the feasibility of a low-emulsifier diet among healthy female adults, as no previous reports have studied the feasibility of such a diet on healthy participants. A quasi-experimental study for a nutrition education and counseling intervention was conducted over 14 days among healthy Saudi participants aged 18 years and over. Assessment of dietary intake using 3-day food records was conducted at the baseline and 2-week follow-up. Participants attended an online educational session using the Zoom application illustrating instructions for a low-emulsifier diet. Daily exposure to emulsifiers was evaluated and nutrient intake was measured. A total of 30 participants completed the study. At baseline, 38 emulsifiers were identified, with a mean ± SD exposure of 12.23 ± 10.07 emulsifiers consumed per day. A significant reduction in the mean frequency of dietary emulsifier intake was observed at the end of the intervention (12.23 ± 10.07 vs. 6.30 ± 7.59, p < 0.01). However, intake of macronutrients and micronutrients was significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Good adherence to the diet was achieved by 40% of the participants, and 16.66% attained a 50% reduction of emulsifier intake. The study demonstrates that a low-emulsifier diet provided via dietary advice is feasible to follow and tolerable by healthy participants. However, the diet still needs further investigation and assessment of it is nutritional intake and quality before implementing it in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are at high risk of poor nutritional intake.

Development of Local Foodstuff-Based Complementary Food Porridge MP-ASI "SITOLE" Products as an Effort to Manage Stunting

One of the causes of stunting is poor nutritional intake in infancy and recurrent illnesses due to an unhealthy environment. Mothers of under-five children are the potential strategic target to be empowered to manage stunting. They have to be empowered to meet nutritional needs during infancy. Complementary breast milk food containing calcium, zinc, selenium, iodine, Fe, protein, and phosphorus can be developed using local foodstuffs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of community empowerment training on the knowledge improvement of mothers regarding the development of locally sourced complementary feeding products (MP-ASI) as an intervention to address stunting issues and to formulate a nutrient-rich complementary food product for infants aged 6-12 months. The research design employed was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-and post-test with a control group design. The study subjects were mothers with infants aged 6-12 months residing in Triharjo Village, Kapanewon Pandak, who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate. Mothers who were unable to read and write were excluded from the study. The study was conducted in Triharjo Village, Kapanewon Pandak, Bantul, from April to July 2022. A total of 54 respondents, selected through simple random sampling, were included as the study sample out of 100 families population. Knowledge data were collected using a questionnaire as the data collection instrument and analyzed using the Dependent T-Test and Independent T-Test at a 95% confidence level. The results indicated a significant difference in knowledge improvement (delta) between the treatment and control groups. A locally sourced complementary food product for infants aged 6-12 months, named "SITOLE" porridge, was developed as an outcome. The development data of the MP-ASI product (Sitole porridge) were compiled using a group discussion method.

Association of longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle mass with prognosis and nutritional intake in acutely hospitalized patients with abdominal trauma: a retrospective observational study.

The objective of this study was to explore whether longitudinal changes in skeletal muscle mass, from hospital admission to 3 weeks post-trauma, are associated with poor prognosis and nutritional intake in acutely hospitalized patients with abdominal trauma. A single-center retrospective observational review was conducted on 103 patients with abdominal trauma admitted to the Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University between January 2010 and April 2020. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed by abdominal computed tomography (CT) performed within 14 days before surgery and on post-trauma days 1-3 (week 0), 7-10 (week 1), 14-17 (week 2), and 21-24 (week 3). The skeletal muscle index (SMI) at L3, change in SMI per day (ΔSMI/day), and percent change in SMI per day (ΔSMI/day [%]) were calculated. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discriminatory performance of ΔSMI/day (%) for mortality. Linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the associations between ΔSMI/day (%) and daily caloric or protein intake. Among the included patients, there were 91 males and 12 females (mean age ± standard deviation 43.74 ± 15.53 years). ΔSMI4-1/d (%) had a ROC-area under the curve of 0.747 (p = 0.048) and a cut-off value of -0.032 for overall mortality. There were significant positive correlations between ΔSMI4-1/d (%) and daily caloric intake and protein intake (Y = 0.0007501*X - 1.397, R2 = 0.282, R = 0.531, p < 0.001; Y = 0.008183*X - 0.9228, R2 = 0.194, R = 0.440, p < 0.001). Δ SMI/day (%) was positively correlated with daily caloric intake ≥80% of resting energy expenditure in weeks 2, 3, and 1-3 post-trauma and with protein intake >1.2 g/kg/d in weeks 3 and 1-3 post-trauma. Loss of skeletal muscle mass is associated with poor prognosis and nutritional intake in patients admitted to hospital with abdominal trauma.

Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19 1-y post-ICU stay: A prospective observational study

ObjectivesPatients discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU) often experience physical complaints and poor nutritional intake, which negatively affect their nutritional status (NS). The aim of this study was to describe the NS of patients with COVID-19 1-y post-ICU stay. MethodsThis was an observational study of adult patients with COVID-19 1-y post-ICU stay. NS assessment (nutrient balance, body composition, and physical status) was performed. We examined nutritional intake and nutrition-related complaints. Nutritional requirements were determined with indirect calorimetry and body composition with bioelectrical impedance. Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were calculated. Physical status was determined using handgrip strength, the 6-min walk test, and the 1-min sit-to-stand test. Descriptive statistics and paired sample t tests were used for analysis. ResultsWe included 48 patients (73% men; median age 60 y [IQR 52;65]). Median weight loss during the ICU stay was 13%. One-y post-ICU stay, 12% of weight was regained. Median body mass index was 26 kg/m2 and 23% of the patients were obese (body mass index >30 kg/m2 and high FMI). Of the patients, 50% had high FMI and 19% had low FFMI. Median reported nutritional intake was 90% of measured resting energy expenditure. Nutrition-related complaints were seen in 16%. Percentages of normal values reached in physical tests were 92% of handgrip strength, 95% of 6-min walking distance, and 79% of 1-min sit-to-stand test. ConclusionsDespite almost fully regained weight and good physical recovery in adult patients 1-y post-ICU stay, NS remained impaired because of elevated FMI, even though reported nutritional intake was below the estimated requirements.