Poor Economic Growth Research Articles

A Scoping Review of Non-Communicable Diseases among the Workforce as a Threat to Global Peace and Security in Low-Middle Income Countries.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to pose a threat to public health. Although their impact on the workforce is widely recognized, there needs to be more understanding of how NCDs affect peace and security, particularly in low-middle-income countries. To address this, we conducted a scoping review and presented a narrative to explore how NCDs in the workforce threaten peace and security. Out of 570 papers screened, 34 articles, comprising 26 peer review and 8 grey literature, met the study criteria. Our findings reveal that while no study has drawn a direct relationship between NCDs in the workforce in LMICs and peace and security, several studies have demonstrated a relationship between NCDs and economic growth on one hand and economic growth and peace and security on the other. Therefore, using economic growth as a proximal factor, our findings show three pathways that link NCDs in the workforce to peace and security: (i) NCDs lead to low productivity and poor economic growth, which can threaten public peace and security; (ii) NCDs in the workforce can result in long-term care needs, which then puts pressure on public resources and have implications for public expenditure on peace and security; and (iii) household expenditures on caring for a family member with an NCD can destabilize families and create an unfavourable condition that threatens peace and security. This research highlights the dual threat of NCDs to health and security, as they impact human resources and community structures crucial for peace and security. The results underscore the importance of considering the workplace as a strategic setting for NCD prevention, which will have long-term implications for economic growth and peace and security.

Catalysing Financial Inclusion in South Africa's Rural Landscape: A Theoretical Discourse of PoS Business Model

In countries like South Africa, where cash plays a pivotal role in social and economic life, limited access to financial institutions, in rural areas has led to significant economic challenges for citizens and businesses. This limitation has further exacerbated the financial exclusion of the underserved population resonating with poor economic growth. In addressing the issue, this desktop-based theoretical discourse, draws on the Technology Acceptance Model, Schumpeterian Entrepreneurship Theory, and Circular Flow of Income Model to conceptualise cash point-of-sale business model, as an innovative mechanism with the potential to spearhead the country’s financial inclusion efforts, entrepreneurial imperatives and local economic participation. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and financial institutions to design and implement effective financial inclusion policies in rural areas. By addressing unique challenges faced by rural communities, such as limited infrastructure and lower levels of education, a more inclusive and resilient financial ecosystem can be achieved, contributing to broader social and economic development goals in South Africa's rural landscape. An exploratory empirical study is further recommended to pave the way for the development of a contextual framework to guide the model’s implementation in South Africa.

The resource curse and the role of institutions revisited

AbstractMany studies have shown that natural resource abundant countries with strong institutions tend to escape the resource curse. Institutional quality has been examined using broad indices of rule of law, the rate of murder, the share of the shadow economy and provision of public goods. Nonetheless, we need to locate the specific institutional conditions under which the curse manifests since some “rule of law” countries like Nigeria and Angola are generally classified as resource cursed. In this review, I argue that managing and distributing natural resource wealth through a centralised planning strategy and lack of a binding long-term national development plan are institutional conditions that encourage government unaccountability as they do not restrict policy makers against discretionary distribution of natural resource windfall, rent seeking, clientelism and corruption which contribute to poor economic development and growth. Also, inadequate regulations on how to address the potential or actual impacts of natural resource extraction on the livelihood of local people and the environment tend to precipitate grievance-induced resource conflict.

Legal effectiveness in promoting development policies: A case study of North Aceh Indonesia

This research evaluated the effectiveness of the Law on the Governing of Aceh (LoGA) as the legal basis for regional development policies in the North Aceh District, Indonesia. Despite its enactment in 2006, the district has faced persistent challenges, including high poverty rates and poor economic growth. The LoGA was intended to accelerate development in Aceh after the conflict and tsunami, reflecting the legal aspirations of the region (reconsidered). Therefore, using a qualitative approach, including interviews, observations, and analysis of secondary data, this research evaluated the effectiveness of the LoGA based on its provisions, enforcement, infrastructure and facilities, political landscape, cultural factors, and societal impacts. The result showed significant substantive, institutional, and societal challenges, which led to legal uncertainty, ineffective policy implementation, and the necessity for policy revision and community involvement.

Influence of demographic processes on multifunctional use of natural resources

It is on a daily basis that modern humankind encounters a challenge to provide basic resources for living. Population growth leads to the emerging need to use natural resources (fresh water, oil, natural gas, coal, arable soil, etc.). The supplies and use of these resources are a persistent problem. As the process of urbanization intensifies, the awareness of the limitations of specific commercially overused resources rises. These processes are tightly connected with environment impairment and sustainable development. New technologies do increase productivity but the ratio of labor force and job positions decreases, raising an issue of future working population. Population and human resources have a multidimensional impact on economic growth of each country, which also includes continuous use of natural resources. A balanced population distribution is one of the crucial factors of functional sustainability of space, natural resource use, and social prosperity. It is in late 2020 that our planet marks the population of slightly less than eight billion and the figures will grow up to 10 billion in 2050. Changes in the structure and number of population affect many aspects of our lives. It is of an utmost pertinence to understand modern demographic processes in order to meet many challenges regarding natural resource use as these challenges are directly connected with fresh water shortage, hunger and underfeeding, climate change, diseases, economic growth, energetics shortage, clashes and wars. Even though natural resources play an important role, it is the human resources that matter the most. The specificity and exceptionality of human resources make them more relevant than other resources and they are extremely pertinent for the economic growth of any given area. Investing in human resources is more effective than investing in any other resource because of the ability of self-renewal and growth. In addition, human resources may employ all their mental, physical, and other available potentials. Hence, special attention should be paid to demographic processes and other changes taking place in regard to population. The fast scientific-technological revolution transformed the relation between demographic processes and natural resources, i.e. natural resource management. Centralization and the introduction of the so-called agribusiness market approach based on new economic models resulted in massive increase of productivity and efficiency in natural resource use, which successfully met the needs of the growing population but also led to wealth accumulation. Nevertheless, the same process caused the vast decrease and degradation of arable soil and forests, over-usage of natural resources, and irreversible destruction of habitats. Humankind gradually entered into a vicious circle of demographic growth, urbanization, increased food demands and requests for natural resources on one side and the increasing degradation of these resources on the other side. Unsustainability of natural resource management based solely on agribusiness market principles (supranational or global framework, accumulation of private property or corporate wealth) is becoming more evident. The Republic of Srpska is currently employed in the final phase of demographic transition, which is conditioned by poor economic growth and tertiarization, inadequate use of natural resources, and favorable transportation-geographical position, which has already initiated biological disturbances. Given the population density and distribution, the Republic of Srpska is an extremely homogeneous area with pronounced regional and interregional disparities. One such unbalanced spatial population distribution has negative effects on natural resource use and the total socio-economic growth. Most areas are affected by depopulation. The situation is most alarming in undersized and mountain settlements and areas along the entity borderline. The negative demographic conditions are further complicated by the negative migration balance so a large-scale depopulation becomes an emerging problem. Negative demographic features resulting from the current socio-economic situation, historical factors, and geopolitical issues from the 1990s are typical of the Republic of Srpska. All these determinants clearly indicate the unbalanced concentration and the decrease in the number of population. Early 21st century is demographically challenging for the Republic of Srpska as the number of population decreases and birth rates are negative. We may infer that demographic resources of the Republic of Srpska are humble and insufficient in regard to potential use of main natural resources (arable soil, forests, hydropotential, and mineral ore). The renewal of demographic resources depends on the constantly decreasing birth rates and, unfortunately, increasing mortality rates. If we add negative tendencies of intensive population aging and emigration, we may infer that the future use of natural resources shall be a great challenge to the economic growth of the Republic of Srpska. Hence, a question remains how to most optimally use natural and demographic resources in order to achieve a more balanced socio-economic growth in the Republic of Srpska.

Validation and testing of a measurement model for the assessment of agripreneurial competencies

PurposeThis article aims to develop a measurement scale for assessing agripreneurial competencies relevant to emerging economies in alignment with the SDG2 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2030.Design/methodology/approachThe scale development procedure includes item development and refinement, data collection, reliability and validity tests and scale purification with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).FindingsThe validated scale carries eight dimensions of competencies: Agreeableness (AG), Technological Competency (TC), Competitive Spirit (CS), Innovativeness (IN), Self-Confidence (SC), Social Responsibility (SR), Conscientiousness (CO) and Leadership (LS). The analysis puts forth a good and fit model, and the new scale reports sufficient convergent and discriminant validity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is focused on the agripreneurial competencies of individual agripreneurs; institutional agripreneurs are excluded from the study.Social implicationsIdentifying prominent agripreneurs using the scale developed from this study will aid in allocating various government and non-governmental organisations' assistance to agripreneurs. Since developing economies rely heavily on agriculture, any positive contribution can help alleviate poor economic growth, end hunger, and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG 2 of 2030).Originality/valueThough several scales for measuring entrepreneurial competencies are available, there is no standard scale to measure agripreneurial competencies. This article presents the development and validation of a measurement scale to assess the major competencies of agripreneurs that influence agripreneurship performance.

THE GRASS SUFFERS WHEN ELEPHANTS FIGHT: LESSONS FOR AFRICA FROM THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT

Hunger, poverty, malnutrition, and unstable food systems are among the societal challenges facing the African continent. These difficulties result from Africa’s inability to address external shocks such as poor economic growth and widespread conflict. Furthermore, the continent is still recovering from the Covid-19 pandemic, which devastated its developmental prospects. Increased dependence on Russia and Ukraine for vital supplies such as wheat and sunflower oil has exacerbated Africa’s food insecurity crisis. This paper examines how the Russia-Ukraine conflict has affected Africa’s food supply and how, in the future, the continent can secure food supply in times of uncertainty. The authors submit that Africa must improve its agricultural production systems to reduce reliance on other countries and promote long-term food supply.

Magnitude of Effect of Rural Banditry on IFAD-CASP Participating Crop Producers in Zamfara State, Nigeria

The researched analyzed the extent/ magnitude of effects of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP participating crop producers in Zamfara state, Nigeria. Interview schedule and focused group discussion (FGD) were used to collect data from 360 respondents that were selected for the study. A multi stage and simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. Descriptive statistical tools (mean, percentages, frequency distribution and ranking) were used for data analysis. The results of the study reveals that majority of the respondents were married with an average household size of 8 persons and income level of less than N 20,000/month. Most of the respondents (50%) indicate that the conflict is very severe resulting to great economic, physical and social effects on the respondents. Majority (70%) of the respondents’ perceived western agricultural zone of the study location as intense conflict area. The results of ranking of effect of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP in the study area, indicates poor participation, increased rural poverty, poor supervision of programme, poor economic growth and poor information dissemination were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively. Based on the finding of the study, it could be concluded that rural banditry poses poor economic growth, increased rural poverty, poor participation, and poor programme implementation and induces fear and uncertainty. The study therefore, recommend that urgent recruitment of adequate security personnel to patrol the porous borders, prompt enrollment of the vulnerable into government social investment programmes, organize training/seminars for peace building purpose.

Is democracy pro poor in Sub-Saharan Africa?

This study examines if democracy reduces poverty in 40 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 1999–2018. For this purpose, we employ the Generalised Method of Moments. The results show that democracy is not directly associated with poverty reduction in sub-Saharan Africa. However, this observation hides important non-linearities and an interesting pattern of policy complementarities. Indeed, democracy is associated with poverty reduction in countries where economic growth is strong and human capital high. The robustness tests carried out do not change these results. This means that poor economic growth and weak human capital not only have a direct negative effect on the well-being of SSA countries, but also prevent the poor in those countries from benefitting the gains of democracy. Therefore, in order to reduce poverty in SSA, policy makers should continue the process of democratization while simultaneously adopting policies of economic development and human capital building. Democracy in isolation is useless for the poor in SSA.

A Brief Study into Renewable Energy Technologies

The massive increase in energy consumption, especially over the past several years, has raised fears that the world’s fuel and other resource reserves would be drained in the coming years. Over the years, low-cost, long-term energy has been viewed as the foundation of any country’s social and economic success. Nonetheless, in recent decades, a bigger section of the population of developing economies has had limited access to inexpensive and sustainable energy, contributing greatly to these countries’ poor economic and social growth. This study was therefore a review of the various sources of energy and their applications.

Dynamics of Entrepreneurship Education and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development in North Central Nigeria

This study sought to determine entrepreneurship education and small and medium enterprises development in North Central, Nigeria. The nonchalant entrepreneurial attitude and intention of youths and individuals in the society has posed a lot of challenges leading to slow development of small and medium enterprises, with the resultant effects of poor economic growth and development. The specific objectives of the study were to: (i) Ascertain the extent to which entrepreneurship vocational training affects products development of small and medium enterprises in North Central, Nigeria; (ii) Determine the extent to which entrepreneurial skill acquisition enhances productivity of small and medium enterprises in North central, Nigeria; (iii) Determine the extent to which entrepreneurial networking affects market expansion of SMEs in North Central, Nigerian. On the conduct of the study, the survey design was used. The target population of the study was 17,973 consisting of all staff of private enterprises (including owner-founder) that are registered with the various state ministries of Trade, Commerce, Industry, and Tourism in North Central, Nigeria. A sample size of 377 was drawn from the population using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination. Bowley’s proportional statistical technique was used to determine the proportional allocation of questionnaire to the number of enterprise and staff in each state. The instruments used for data collection was the mixed method: which is quantitative (structured questionnaire) and qualitative (interview) method. Face and content validity, a panel of management experts in the department was used to critiques the validity of the instrument. The instrument was checked for reliability using Test-retest method and the results computation was carried out using Spearman Ranking Correlation Coefficient of test-retest results and a value of 0.98 indicated a high degree of item consistency. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson product moment correlation technique for hypotheses one and two; simple linear regression for hypothesis three. The findings revealed that: To a large extent entrepreneurship vocational training enhances products development of small and medium enterprises in North Central, Nigeria (r=.979, p<0.05): Entrepreneurial skill acquisition enhances productivity of small and medium enterprises in North Central, Nigeria (r=.949, p<0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that there should be more government and private sector involvement in the concept of entrepreneurship education; more so, policy makers and implementers should see entrepreneurship as a pivot engine that steers the economic hub of any nation to a virile and greater height. More importantly taking a turn from the “Asian tigers” economy, that has strategic turnaround was from entrepreneurship development.

More age, less growth? Secular stagnation and societal ageing

PurposeThe aim of the study is to demonstrate evidence that societal ageing and poor economic growth are linked in the advanced economies. It challenges the claim however that secular stagnation represents a serious problem for future prosperity.Design/methodology/approachThis paper critically reviews recent formulations of the secular stagnation hypothesis concerning stalled economic growth in the advanced economies and the links between demographic ageing and economic slowdown. It outlines both trends (of ageing and stalled growth) and reviews some of the key empirical studies that have sought to determine the role played by demographic change in accounting for the relative lack of growth in the advanced economies.FindingsThe advanced economies are ageing and their economic growth is slowing, although a causal link between these two phenomena remains unproven. However, even if no direct causal link can be drawn between these two processes the focus upon the impact of societal ageing serves as a stimulus to re-think the nature of future growth in our increasingly ageing and unequal societies.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the measurement of demographic trends is relatively straightforward, there are more problems in specifying the exact parameters of macroeconomic growth. This makes empirical studies in the area difficult to interpret. However studies in this area have value in widening thinking about the role of ageing and the nature of growth in the future.Practical implicationsRather than fearing the prospect of an age related slowdown in the rate of growth in the advanced economies, these developments offer opportunities to focus upon redistribution more than growth, while supporting a programme of growth with equity in the world's developing economies.Social implicationsWhile a demographically over-determined model of the secular stagnation hypothesis is dubious, the future ageing of the advanced economies is certainly a challenge. It is also an opportunity for rethinking ideas about ageing, growth and development. Adopting such a more nuanced perspective offers a counter-narrative to the demographic catastrophising that is often evident when discussing 'societal ageing'. It also suggests the value of shifting the perspective of seeking ever increasing growth toward a greater focus upon redistribution, between and within the generations.Originality/valueThere has been very little engagement with the secular stagnation hypothesis outside economics. Behind its macroeconomic formulation, however, lie assumptions about the ageing of society that can easily become examples of unwarranted demographic catastrophising. By bringing this topic to the attention of the social sciences, the paper can serve as a stimulus for rethinking both ageing and growth.

Effect of Rural Banditary on IFAD-CASP Participating Crop Producer

he research study analyzed the effect of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP participating crop farmers in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Interview schedule was used to collect data from 360 respondents that were selected for the study. A multi stage and simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents. Descriptive statistical tools (mean, percentages, frequency distribution) and inferential statistics (logic regression analysis, paired sample T-test and Spearman`s correlation coefficient) were used for data analysis. The results of the study reveals that majority of the respondents were married with an average household size of 8 persons and income level of less than N 20,000/month. Most of the respondents (50%) indicate that the conflict is very severe resulting to great economic, physical and social effects on the respondents. The results of ranking of effect of rural banditry on IFAD-CASP in the study area, indicates poor participation, increased rural poverty, poor supervision of programme, poor economic growth and poor information dissemination were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively. It could be concluded that rural banditry poses poor economic growth, increased rural poverty, poor participation, and poor programme implementation and induces fear and uncertainty. The study therefore, recommend that urgent provision of adequate security personnel to Mann the porous borders, prompt enrollment of the vulnerable into government social investment programmes, organize training/seminars for peace building purpose and also government should register all mining site and their activities properly monitored.

Rising Youth Unemployment and The Socio-Economic Realities in Nigeria: The Akwa Ibom State Experience

This paper was undertaken to establish the interplay between youth unemployment and resultant negative socio-economic realities in Nigeria as evident in Akwa Ibom State. Nigeria’s population and that of Akwa Ibom State is currently (July, 2022) estimated at about 206 and 7 million respectively with a progressive average growth rate of 3.5 percent per annum. Out of this number, while more than 35 percent at the national level, over 52 percent of the youth in Akwa Ibom State are unemployed. This situation, as the paper observed, is occasioned by crucial factors ranging from the poor state of the economy and educational standard, poor attitude to agriculture, poor enabling and secured environment, scarcity of data on informal employment and entrepreneurship, poor economic growth rate and wrong impression about technical and vocational education. Furthermore, the paper noted that the prevailing unemployment among youth in Akwa Ibom State has engendered high rate of social vices such as prostitution, armed robbery, oil bunkering, internet fraud, drug trafficking and addiction, rape, kidnapping, political thuggery, assassination and other acts of criminalities. For the way forward, the paper proffered, among others, that the Akwa Ibom State government should redesigned the education sector to become technology-based in order to enhance skill acquisition for self-employment as well as encourage the youth to embrace agriculture as a profitable business venture. Moreover, honest effort should be made towards revitalizing the moribund and ailing industries in the state.

Moving beyond supply‐side arguments to explain over‐qualification: The ability to absorb graduates in different models of capitalism

AbstractThis study examines how the rise in the share of higher education graduates leads to over‐qualification, by focusing on the demand‐side drivers. We propose that the benefits of investments in higher education depend on the levels of innovation and economic growth in each national economy. We use a configurational method (Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to identify combinations of factors that lead to a high incidence of over‐qualification in 17 European countries. The results show that over‐qualification is greater in countries in which an increase in the number of graduates is accompanied by a failure to transition to a knowledge‐based economy and poor economic growth. Furthermore, a low weight of high‐tech manufacturing sectors in the GDP is a necessary condition for over‐qualification to occur. These arguments explain the more pronounced mismatch in Southern Europe and Austria compared to other European countries. As for policy implications, this study shows that investment in education did not lead to expected benefits in some countries because this investment did not boost competitiveness in high‐tech sectors. Thus, alternative policies must be implemented. Besides investment in education, some kind of industrial policy seems necessary in a number of European countries.

Influence of Project and Affected Local Community Interests Level on Social Conflicts in Indonesian Infrastructure Projects

Poor economic growth due to Covid-19 pandemic in the last two years has resulted in a decline in indicators of public welfare. The construction industry sector also experienced a severe decline in productivity; thus, adjustments had to be made to survive the crisis situation. In addition, environmental problems due to development activities also threaten the lives and incomes of people who depend on natural products. These conditions encourage the escalation of interests that affect infrastructure projects in Indonesia. This study aimed to predict the influence of project and affected local community's interests on infrastructure projects social conflicts. Data were obtained by questionnaire from 68 project managers as respondents and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings of this study are that the influence of affected community is more dominant than that of project interests on project social conflicts. This shows the important role of communities in the concept of sustainable development with environmental and social perspectives. The results of this study will be useful in drafting the concept of an integrated and standardized environmental and social safeguard framework. To achieve an appropriate framework, further research is needed to examine the framework concept as a moderation of the relationship between interests and project social conflicts.

Slow violence in mining and crude oil extractive frontiers: The overlooked resource curse in the Colombian internal armed conflict

Geographies of extraction have often been marked by poor economic growth, dispossession and armed conflicts, leading to the idea that resource abundance can be a curse for developing nations. However, this dialectic may be too narrow to address the complexities of slow, structural and direct violence as intertwined features of extractivism in contexts of armed conflicts. To make sense of this phenomenon, we inquire the socio-ecological impacts of slow violence in Colombia at the edge of two extractive frontiers. First, we look at the interface between government-led extractivism, the bombing of oil pipelines by leftist guerrillas, and the degradation of traditional livelihoods of communities living on the extractive oil frontiers. And second, we explore the disputed use of mercury in artisanal and small-scale gold mining, an activity increasingly controlled and secured by illegal armed groups in contemporary gold bonanzas.

A brief history of the foundation of an emblematic university in the rain forest of Ecuador and an innovative approach to the design and planning of academic program curricula for Latin America

The marginal role of higher education in Latin America led to technological dependency, poor economic growth, and social inequity. In the article, we discuss the challenging context in which higher education in Latin America developed and explain the motives behind the creation of a public university in the tropical rain forest of Ecuador. New and reformed higher education institutions in Latin America require innovative approaches to design academic programs and implement novel educational paradigms. We propose a quantitative and unorthodox method for analyzing the structure of program curricula in this historical and social context. This approach highlights the need for strategic academic planning and informed public policies. The inherent variation in program curricula across universities can be systematized in a presence-absence matrix, with courses and academic programs as columns and rows. By representing the patterns of variation in curricular structure across universities in the space provided by canonical axes, new perspectives arise which can lead to the development of further discussions towards optimal and innovative academic programs. The methods presented could be extended into the study of how academic disciplines, fields of study, and conceptual approaches to the design of program curricula vary and are structured across sociocultural contexts.

Labor market flexibility in transition countries: a case study of North Macedonia

The aim of this study is to provide a critical overview of labor market performance in North Macedonia. The findings suggest that the differences of labor markets in transition and advanced economies are shrinking over time and labor market flexibility is significantly affecting the unemployment rate. The findings confirm that North Macedonia suffers from a rigid labor market with several structural imbalances: high and persistent structural unemployment, skill shortages, skill mismatches, brain drain, persistent discrimination in the labor market, high informal economy, and inadequate labor taxation. Specifically, low skilled workers, especially, women, youth, older workers, ethnic minorities, and people in less developed regions are among others suffering high rates of unemployment. The findings suggest that high and persistent level of unemployment in Macedonia may arise due to the insufficient level of capital to employ the labor force, the stagnant structural reforms to address macroeconomic imbalances and still unfinished transition characterized by poor economic growth. We recommend to policy makers to implement structural reforms that would address current structural imbalances and increase labor market efficiency and would in turn result in higher potential for economic growth in North Macedonia

Food and nutrition security situation in Ghana: Nutrition implications for national development

Achieving food and nutrition security is fundamental to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) due to its strong interdependence with economic growth and development. Eradicating hunger and all forms of malnutrition (SDG 2) remain high on the global agenda and is at the forefront of high panel deliberations because poor dietary intake has long term negative consequences on individuals and economic advancement. The goal to end hunger and malnutrition can be achieved when food and nutrition insecurity is properly tackled through investment in agriculture parallel to economic and social protection programmes. In Ghana, about 1.5 million of the population are estimated to be food insecure while undernutrition, overnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies persist across the life stages. Challenges to food and nutrition security in Ghana have been identified as: poverty, climate change, rapid urbanization and population growth, gender inequalities and poor infrastructure. Poor economic growth, health, education, hygiene and environmental exploitation are implications of these challenges. Addressing these implications sets long-term foundation for the development of the nation by prioritising policies that are nutrition sensitive which directly address the complexity of malnutrition. The level of food and nutrition insecurity in Ghana can be reduced through a national commitment towards addressing the four pillars of food security coupled with programmes that bring about resilience through sustainable systems. To this end, intervention programmes have been introduced by government to reduce the poverty burden on households. These programmes are in the form of social interventions, governmental flagship projects, and research-driven agricultural interventions to improve yield that withstand the effect of climate change. This review is aimed to present the food and nutrition security situation in Ghana and emphasised the challenges that exacerbate the problem while bringing to light the nutritional implications to national development. It is hoped that the recommendations from this review will help the government in achieving food and nutrition security in Ghana.