Poor Dietary Patterns Research Articles

Evidence from clinical studies of the nutrological modulation of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review

Introduction: The main risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a positive family history in 10-25% of patients. Crohn's disease (CD) can affect individuals from 15 to 40 years old and from 50 to 80 years old, more frequently in women. Ulcerative colitis (UC) can start at any age. The pathogenesis of IBD is linked to genetically susceptible individuals, dysregulated gut microbiota (dysbiosis), chronic inflammation, and poor dietary patterns. Diet plays an important role in modulating the gut microbiota and can be applied as a therapeutic tool to improve the course of the disease. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the main interactions between dietary therapy, gut microbiota, and inflammatory bowel disease, to elucidate the main clinical outcomes after nutrological treatment. Methods: The present study followed the international model of systematic review (PRISMA). Clinical studies were included, involving randomized controlled, prospective, and retrospective studies published from 2010 to 2022. Results: It was founded 87 studies on diet modulation in the control of IBD. These studies showed reductions in persistent intestinal symptoms, improvement of gut microbiota, reduction of inflammation markers, and improvement in quality of life, with p<0.05 (95% CI). The studies were homogeneous (X2 = 98.9%), which increases the reliability of the clinical results on the dietary importance in the modulation of IBD. Conclusion: The important role of diet modulation in the control and even in the remission of IBD was evidenced.

Restless leg syndrome and risk of all-cause dementia: a nationwide retrospective cohort study

BackgroundRestless leg syndrome (RLS) is associated with poor sleep quality, depression or anxiety, poor dietary patterns, microvasculopathy, and hypoxia, all of which are known risk factors for dementia. However, the relationship between RLS and incident dementia remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study aimed to explore the possibility that RLS could be deemed as a non-cognitive prodromal feature of dementia.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Elderly Cohort (aged ≥ 60). The subjects were observed for 12 years, from 2002 to 2013. Identifying patients with RLS and dementia was based on the 10th revised code of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). We compared the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in 2501 subjects with newly diagnosed RLS and 9977 matched controls based on age, sex, and index date. The association between RLS and the risk of dementia was assessed using Cox regression hazard regression models. The effect of dopamine agonists on the risk of dementia among RLS patients was also explored.ResultsThe baseline mean age was 73.4, and the subjects were predominantly females (63.4%). The incidence of all-cause dementia was higher in the RLS group than that in the control group (10.4% vs 6.2%). A baseline diagnosis of RLS was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–1.72). The risk of developing VaD (aHR 1.81, 95% CI 1.30–2.53) was higher than that of AD (aHR 1.38, 95% CI 1.11–1.72). The use of dopamine agonists was not associated with the risk of subsequent dementia among patients with RLS (aHR 1.00, 95% CI 0.76–1.32).ConclusionsThis retrospective cohort study suggests that RLS is associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia in older adults, providing some evidence that requires confirmation through prospective studies in the future. Awareness of cognitive decline in patients with RLS may have clinical implications for the early detection of dementia.

Assessing the Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy: Practical considerations based on the associations with cardiometabolic risk.

The aim of the present study was to provide practical considerations for assessing MD adherence during pregnancy based on the association with cardiometabolic risk. Longitudinal study. A food frequency questionnaire was fulfilled by 152 pregnant women at the 16th gestational week (g.w.). We calculated the Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), the MD Scale (MDScale), the Short MD questionnaire (SMDQ), the MD Score (MedDietScore), and the MD scale for pregnant women (MDS-P). The cardiometabolic risk score consisted of pre-pregnancy body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (at 16th and 34th g.w.). Multiple linear regression models showed that the MFP, the MedDietScore, and the SMDQ were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk at the 16th and 34th g.w. (β's: -0.193 to -0.415, all p<0.05); and the MDS-P at the 34th g.w. (β=-0.349, p<0.01). A comparison of these models with the J test showed that the MFP and the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ at the 16th g.w. (p's<0.05); while the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ, MFP, and MDS-P (p's<0.05) at the 34th g.w. Receiver-Operating-Characteristic-derived thresholds for the MFP, MedDietScore and MDS-P indices were 21, 30, and 6 points, respectively, to identify women with high cardiometabolic risk. The MFP and MedDietScore are recommended to assess MD adherence during pregnancy, as these showed the strongest associations with cardiometabolic risk. Our validated thresholds might assist in the detection of poor dietary patterns during pregnancy.

Dietary Practices and Nutrient Intake of Internally Displaced School Children in the West Region of Cameroon.

Poor diets and subsequent malnutrition are among the greatest current societal challenges triggering immense health and economic burden especially among populations that are forcibly displaced. It is indispensable to establish the dietary patterns of any population, especially in displaced populations, in order to develop and effectively implement interventions for the specific population. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess dietary practices and nutrient adequacy of 307 internally displaced pupils aged between 5 and 15 years in the West Region of Cameroon. Pretested, structured interviewer questionnaires were used to collect data on the demographic and socioeconomic status of the children and their caregivers, the nutrition knowledge of caregivers, the dietary practices of the children, dietary diversity, their food sources, and coping strategies that were used during food shortage. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data. The dietary diversity of the children was assessed at the individual level using FAO method of assessing women's dietary diversity score. Out of the total 307 children, 148 (48.2%) were boys and 159 (51.8%) were girls. During food shortages, most of the mothers/caregivers (72%) used borrowing as the main auxiliary food source and others (28%) used food as payment for work or begging. A majority of the children (56%) usually ate only two times in a day. Most of the children were of unacceptable or low dietary diversity (66.2%). The most frequently consumed food group was cereals as it was eaten by 21% of the children, seven or more times per week; meanwhile, the least was animal products with only 3% of the children consuming it seven or more times weekly. Their diets were energy-deficient (1640.5 ± 1.64 kcal) and unbalanced with daily inadequate protein (18.45 ± 1.13 g), vitamin A (470.27 ± 1.38 μg), and iron (4.02 ± 0.08 mg) intake. The nutrition knowledge of the mothers/caregivers was poor as less than half (41%) of them had an acceptable nutrition knowledge. The high prevalence of poor dietary patterns and poor nutrition knowledge imposes the necessity of developing nutritional interventions and education strategies aimed at promoting healthy eating habits in the children.

Rethinking Efforts to Improve Dietary Patterns Among Long-Haul Truck Drivers: Transforming Truck Stop Retail Food Environments Through Upstream Change.

A multitude of upstream occupational exposures influence poor dietary patterns that contribute to cardiometabolic health disparities among long-haul truck drivers in the United States. Herein, we delineate the unique characteristics of the truck driving profession that shape dietary patterns. Next, we discuss current health promotion efforts and why they are unlikely to be sufficient for improving population-level dietary patterns. We then advocate for prioritizing health promotion efforts that target upstream factors that influence population dietary patterns and have the potential to holistically and sustainably support drivers' nutrition. Finally, we propose novel research directions to catalyze upstream-oriented health promotion efforts.

The Relation Between Dietary Pattern and Nutritional Status with Chronic Diseases and Covid-19- A Case Report

Covid-19 was considered as a global health-related challenge within the past years which affect individual’s quality of life in several aspects. It has been suggested that health status including nutritional status, can be one of the most crucial indicators for Covid-19 infection. It seems that poor dietary pattern background and nutritional deficiencies may increase the risk of covid-19 infection. The purpose of this case-report, was to evaluate the relation between dietary pattern and nutritional status with Covid-19 possibility in 64 years old women infected with Covid-19. Before the study, all the health-related indicators were assessed. The results from this study have indicated that previous nutritional status can be a possible cause for immune system weakness and dysfunction, which may be considered as a leading cause of Covid-19 infection. Planning and recruiting nutritional strategies including high quality diet with variety of food groups can provide nutritional requirements. Moreover, supplementation can prescribe according to patients’ nutritional deficiencies.

An Analysis of the Contributors and Factors Influencing Dietary Patterns Among the Elderly Population

The normal process of aging consists of numerous behavioral, social, physical, psychological, and socioeconomic factors which may negatively affect the nutritional status of a senior. Old people are susceptible to poor nutritional status as they are mostly affected by nutritional deficiencies compared to individuals that belong to other age groups. The poor dietary pattern among the elderly leads to chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or malnutrition. Factors such as socioeconomic indicators, price of food items, marital status, psychological factors, changes in sensory functioning, access to food commodities, nutrition knowledge and cooking skills, gastrointestinal problems, oral health, and medication factors may influence the dietary pattern of an elderly individual. This review focuses on the factors affecting the eating habits of the elderly.

Implication of saturated fats in the aetiology of childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder – A narrative review

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common mental health disorder in the paediatric population. ADHD is highly comorbid with obesity, and has also been associated with poor dietary patterns such as increased consumption of refined carbohydrates and saturated fats. Although ADHD in children was associated with high consumption of saturated fats, so far there has been no evidence-based attempt to integrate dietary strategies controlling for intake of saturated fats into the etiological framework of the disorder. Evidence from human studies and animal models has shown that diets high in saturated fats are detrimental for the development of dopaminergic neurocircuitries, synthesis of neurofactors (e.g. brain derived neurotrophic factor) and may promote brain inflammatory processes. Notably, animal models provide evidence that early life consumption of a high saturated fats diet may impair the development of central dopamine pathways. In the present paper, we review the impact of high saturated fats diets on neurobiological processes in human studies and animal models, and how these associations may be relevant to the neuropathophysiology of ADHD in children. The validation of this relationship and its underlying mechanisms through future investigative studies could have implications for the prevention or exacerbation of ADHD symptoms, improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disorder, and help design future dietary studies in patients with ADHD.

Facilitating a high-quality dietary pattern induces shared microbial responses linking diet quality, blood pressure, and microbial sterol metabolism in caregiver-child dyads

ABSTRACT Low-resource individuals are at increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD), partially attributable to poor dietary patterns and dysfunctional microbiota. Dietary patterns in childhood play critical roles in physiological development and are shaped by caregivers, making caregiver-child dyads attractive targets for dietary interventions to reduce metabolic disease risk. Herein, we targeted low-resource caregiver-child dyads for a 10-week, randomized, controlled, multifaceted lifestyle intervention including: nutrition and physical activity education, produce harvesting, cooking demonstrations, nutrition counseling, and kinetic activites; to evaluate its effects on dietary patterns, CVD risk factors, and microbiome composition. Subjects in the lifestyle intervention group improved total diet quality, increased whole grain intake, decreased energy intake, and enhanced fecal elimination of the microbe-derived metabolite lithocholic acid (LCA) in contrast to control subjects. Microbiomes were highly personalized, similar within dyads, and altered by lifestyle intervention. Differential modeling of microbiome composition identified taxa associated with total diet quality, whole grain intake, and LCA elimination including recognized fiber-degrading bacteria such as Subdoligranulum, and bile acid metabolizing organisms like Bifidobacterium. Inclusion of taxa identified in diet and metabolite modeling within blood pressure models improved prediction accuracy of microbiome-blood pressure associations. Importantly, microbiota-blood pressure relationships were shared between dyads, implying shared host-microbiota responses to lifestyle intervention. Overall, these outcomes provide insight into mechanisms by which dietary interventions impact the gut-cardiovascular axis to reduce future CVD risk. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05367674

High-fat diet consumption by male rat offspring of obese mothers exacerbates adipose tissue hypertrophy and metabolic alterations in adult life.

Obese mothers' offspring develop obesity and metabolic alterations in adulthood. Poor postnatal dietary patterns also contribute to obesity and its comorbidities. We aimed to determine whether in obese mothers' offspring an adverse postnatal environment, such as high-fat diet (HFD) consumption (second hit) exacerbates body fat accumulation, metabolic alterations and adipocyte size distribution. Female Wistar rats ate chow (C-5 %-fat) or HFD (maternal obesity (MO)-25 %-fat) from weaning until the end of lactation. Male offspring were weaned on either control (C/C and MO/C, maternal diet/offspring diet) or HFD (C/HF and MO/HF) diet. At 110 postnatal days, offspring were killed. Fat depots were excised to estimate adiposity index (AI). Serum glucose, triglyceride, leptin, insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), corticosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were determined. Adipocyte size distribution was evaluated in retroperitoneal fat. Body weight was similar in C/C and MO/C but higher in C/HF and MO/HF. AI, leptin, insulin and HOMA-IR were higher in MO/C and C/HF v. C/C but lower than MO/HF. Glucose increased in MO/HF v. MO/C. C/HF and MO/C had higher triglyceride and corticosterone than C/C, but lower corticosterone than MO/HF. DHEA and the DHEA/corticosterone ratio were lower in C/HF and MO/C v. C/C, but higher than MO/HF. Small adipocyte proportion decreased while large adipocyte proportions increased in MO/C and C/HF v. C/C and exacerbated in MO/HF v. C/HF. Postnatal consumption of a HFD by the offspring of obese mothers exacerbates body fat accumulation as well as the decrease of small and the increase of large adipocytes, which leads to larger metabolic abnormalities.

Abstract 11368: Weight Gain in Young Adults During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, measures taken to prevent the spread of the coronavirus have led to significant changes in the lifestyle and habits of young people. The pandemic led to poor dietary patterns, reduced physical activities, and increased mental stress, which are all risk factors for weight gain. The goal of this study was to investigate the pattern of weight gain among young adults between age 18-50 years during the pandemic, and to identify factors associated with significant weight gain of 20 pounds of more. Methods: We included young adults between ages 18 to 50 years with at least one documented weight in their electronic health records before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic shelter-in-place orders (3/19/2019 to 3/19/2020) and at least one documented weight after COVID-19 vaccines became available (12/14/2020 to 12/14/2021). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with greater than 20 pounds of weight gain. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: The study cohort included 133,750 young adults aged 18-50 years (median age 43 years. 39.7% men). The cohort is racially and ethnically diverse, with 22.6% self-identified as White, 7.2% Black, 48.1% Hispanic, and 17.3% Asian. During the pandemic, 53866 (40.3%) lost weight or had no weight gain, 50662 (37.9%) gained 0-9 pounds (lbs), 19422 (14.5%) gained 10-19 lbs, and 9800 (7.3%) gained 20 lbs or more. Individuals who gained 20 lbs or more were younger and more likely to reside in low-income neighborhoods. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated the following factors to be associated with significant weight gain: male sex (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05-1.15), Black race (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.23), low income (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.16-1.35), and history of depression (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.56-1.73). Conclusions: In this cohort of young adults, 59.7% experienced weight gain during the pandemic, with 7.5% gaining 20 lbs or more. Factors associated with significant weight gain included male sex, black race, low income, and a history of depression. Intervention strategies to promote healthy lifestyle may be particularly important for patients with depression, and young adults from low-income neighborhoods.

Mortality and Life Expectancy Lost in Canada Attributable to Dietary Patterns: Evidence From Canadian National Nutrition Survey Linked to Routinely Collected Health Administrative Databases.

Using 5 diet quality indexes, we estimated the mortality and life expectancy lost, at the national level, attributable to poor dietary patterns, which had previously been largely unknown. We used the Canadian Community Health Survey 2004, linked to vital statistics (n= 16,212 adults; representing n= 22,898,880). After a median follow-up of 7.5 years, 1,722 deaths were recorded. Population attributable fractions were calculated to estimate the mortality burden of poor dietary patterns (Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index 2015, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, and Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score). Better diet quality was associated with a 32%-51% and 21%-43% reduction in all-cause mortality among adults aged 45-80 years and≥20 years, respectively. Projected life expectancy at 45 years was longer for Canadians adhering to a healthy dietary pattern (average of 5.2-8.0 years (men) and 1.6-4.1 (women)). At the population level, 26.5%-38.9% (men) and 8.9%-22.9% (women) of deaths were attributable to poor dietary patterns. Survival benefit was greater for individuals with higher scores on all diet indexes, even with relatively small intake differences. The large attributable burden was likely from assessing overall dietary patterns instead of a limited range of foods and nutrients.

Nutrition Behavior and Physical Activity of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Saudi Arabia.

As people get older, their nutritional status deteriorates, resulting in increased vulnerability to chronic diseases. The adoption of a healthy lifestyle has been linked to improved health throughout the aging process. The current study aimed to assess nutritional behaviors, dietary patterns, and physical activity among middle-aged and older adults in Saudi Arabia. An electronic questionnaire was completed between September and November 2021 by 419 participants aged 45 years and older. Of those, 65% reported that nutrition was important to them and 19% stated that they were consuming a healthy diet. Participants reported consuming an average of around 6 servings/week each of fruit and vegetables, with mean intake scores of 5.92 ± 0.25 and 5.57 ± 0.22, respectively. It was reported that around 3 servings/week of red meat, 4 servings/week of poultry, and 1 serving/week of fish were consumed, with mean intake scores of 2.65 ± 0.13, 4.34 ± 0.16, and 1.36 ± 0.08, respectively. Most of the participants (60%) reported being inactive. Middle-aged and older adults living in Saudi Arabia have poor dietary patterns and nutritional behaviors. Education and guidance on nutrition are needed for this population to help them improve their diet and lifestyle.

Mediterranean Diet, a Posteriori Dietary Patterns, Time-Related Meal Patterns and Adiposity: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in University Students.

The transition to university is connected to potentially obesogenic dietary changes. Our aim was to assess the relation of Mediterranean diet adherence, and a posteriori dietary and meal patterns with adiposity in Greek students at the University of the Peloponnese. A total of 346 students (269 women) participated. Anthropometry was performed, and a food frequency questionnaire was administered. The MedDietScore was higher in women and was not linearly related to adiposity. Principal component analysis revealed six patterns: (1) legumes/vegetables/fruits/tea/dairy/whole grains, (2) juice/sodas/liquid calories, (3) olive oil/fats, (4) meat/poultry/fish, (5) alcohol/eggs/dairy and (6) fast foods/sweets. Patterns 4 and 6 were related to overweight/obesity probability (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.995–2.538 and OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.07–6.06, respectively) and higher waist circumference (men). Men “early eaters” (breakfast/morning/afternoon snack) had a higher MedDietScore and lower overweight probability (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.220–1.020). Poor meal and dietary patterns relate to overweight and central obesity, which is important for targeted health promotion programs.

Development and validation of a cardiovascular disease risk-prediction model using population health surveys and dietary indices: the Cardiovascular Disease Population Risk Tool – Nutrition (CVDPoRT-Nutrition).

ObjectivesOnly a few cardiovascular risk prediction models have been developed based on modifiable exposures and even fewer utilize complex dietary factors. Our objective was to develop and validate the Cardiovascular Disease Population Risk Tool (CVDPoRT)-Nutrition as a tool for estimating 5-year risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) using lifestyle factors and dietary pattern scores.&#x0D; ApproachThe CVDPoRT developed and validated using the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) linked with health administrative databases was modified to remove limited measures of dietary intakes (i.e., fruit and vegetable, potato, and juice intake frequency) and instead incorporate 5 different dietary pattern scores (i.e., Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Healthy Eating Index, Alternative HEI, and Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score). Outcome data (i.e., CVD events and CVD-related mortality) came from linkage with the Canadian Vital Statistics – Death Database and Discharge Abstract Database. CVDPoRT-Nutrition was tested in 61 policy-relevant subgroups.&#x0D; ResultsPerformance after adding in each dietary pattern score was similar to the original CVDPoRT (Brier score=2.6%, Harrell’s c-stat=0.87(0.85-0.88) for female models; Brier score=1.6%, Harrell’s c-stat=0.82(0.81-0.84) for male models). The algorithm was calibrated in 53 (female models) and 57 (male models) of 61 policy relevant subgroups. The most important predictors of CVD and CVD-related mortality were age, sex, and smoking.&#x0D; ConclusionAltering the dietary measures included in the CVDPoRT algorithm did not greatly improve the predictive capacity. The original CVDPoRT can continue to be used for predicting CVD and CVD-related mortality, while CVDPoRT-Nutrition may be used for predicting CVD incidence associated with poor dietary patterns.

NUTRITIONAL NEEDS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH IN PAKISTANI POPULATION

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide; responsible for 30% of all deaths globally. Food and nutrition are evidently an integral part of human health and play a crucial role in the cardiometabolic health of an individual. Poor diet quality is strongly associated with elevated risk of CVD morbidity and mortality. There is also strong evidence showing the effectiveness of “healthy” diet and other lifestyle patterns in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiometabolic disease spectrum. There has been much emphasis on the preventive aspect of CVD and overall cardiometabolic health over the last three decades. Western societies and health systems have done quite a lot in improving and promoting healthy lifestyle choices. Unfortunately, developing countries, despite the worrisome rise in these preventable conditions, have contributed little to address this major issue with significant health and economic implications. The emphasis in these countries is mostly on the therapeutic, pharmacological, and more expensive tertiary management of the conditions that arise from poor cardiometabolic health, lifestyle, and dietary patterns. There is a lack of relevant and easy to understand authentic patient information or any effort to disseminate it to the public and patient population. Furthermore, there is not much effort at the governmental level to implement any meaningful measures concerning prevention of these conditions for the public at large. In this review about the nutritional needs and recommendations for cardiovascular health for Pakistani population, we have tried to encompass the relevant information into two papers. In the first, we cover the basic concepts, including mechanisms and other information relating to food and nutrition and their association with CVD and other cardiometabolic conditions (diabetes, dyslipidaemia, etc.). In the upcoming second issue, we will discuss more specific recommendations for the Pakistani population and dietary advice for CV health.

An investigation on prevalence of Anemia in relation to BMI and nutrient intake among adult rural population of West Bengal, India

&#x0D; Background: Anemia is now globally recognized major public health problem. The present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of anemia and interrelationship of anemia with BMI among adult rural population of West Bengal state, India.&#x0D; Method: Anthropometric measures, nutritional parameters, heart rate and hemoglobin were measured from 310 adult subjects by using standard technique.&#x0D; Results: The prevalence of anemia was high among both sexes and more than the global prevalence. The anemic individuals consumed nutritionally deficient diet than the non-anemic individuals. The prevalence of anemia was significantly high in underweight and normal groups. The Odds ratios became significantly higher in underweight group than normal and overweight/obese groups of both sexes.&#x0D; Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia in the adult rural population might be related to dietary deficiency and poor dietary patterns. The present study was hypothesized that the subjects with low BMI would have a higher risk of anemia compared to normal or overweight subjects.&#x0D;

Chemical and physical properties of canna (Canna edulis) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis)-based composite flours

Poor dietary patterns and unhealthy lifestyles are common risk factors for noncommunicable ailments, the leading causes of global death rates. Therefore, improvement of diet quality is necessary and a gluten-free diet would be the right option. This diet is not solely for patients with gluten-related diseases but has also become a trend for consumers, due to the health benefits of gluten avoidance. Underutilized food crops, including tubers and legumes, are potential raw materials for producing gluten-free food. In this study, the physicochemical properties of canna (Canna edulis) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) -based composite flours were investigated. The composite flours were produced using canna flour to jack bean flour ratios of F1 (85:15), F2 (70:30), and F3 (55:45). Based on the experiment’s result, an increase in jack bean flour proportion significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the composite flour’s protein content, lightness, and resistant starch content of composite flours, but significantly (p&lt;0.05) reduced carbohydrate content, oil holding capacity, and swelling power. According to the scoring test result, F2 (70:30) has the highest result and was selected as the best formula. Thus, a combination of canna and jack bean flours indicated promising properties of gluten-free flour for functional food alternative resources.

ANALISIS FAKTOR LIFE STYLE TERHADAP RESIKO HIPERTENSI

Hypertension is a silent killer, because it occurs without any symptoms or is asymptomatic. Hypertension can occur due to several risk factors, namely family history, poor living habits, poor dietary patterns and poor sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of zumba dance and aerobic exercise on controlling blood pressure which is influenced by lifestyle behavior in the community. The research design used in this study is descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This study uses Cluster Sampling with a population of 560 people. The data collection instrument used a closed questionnaire which was processed through the process of editing, coding, scoring, tabulating. After that, it was analyzed with Chi Square statistical test using SPSS. So, H1 accepte, it mean there is a relationship between nutritional status, physical activity, sleep quantity, smoking habits, consumption of coffee, and stress on the risk of hypertension.

PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN TENTANG MANFAAT ZUMBA DANCE DAN AEROBIC EXERCISE TERHADAP CONTROLLING BLOOD PRESURE DI DESA NGRIMBI KECAMATAN BARENG KABUPATEN JOMBANG

Hypertension is a condition when the blood pressure in the blood vessels is chronically elevated. This can happen because the heart works harder to pump blood to meet the body's needs for oxygen and nutrients. If left unchecked, this disease can interfere with the function of other organs, especially vital organs such as the heart and kidneys. Hypertension is a silent killer, because it occurs without any symptoms or is asymptomatic. Hypertension can occur due to several risk factors, namely family history, poor living habits, poor dietary patterns and poor sleep quality. According to the Health Promotion Model, individual health behavior can arise and be maintained because of a commitment to perform a behavior. In addition to commitment, individual health behavior is also influenced by circumstances that lead to an individual's desire to behave in a certain way as planned.