Pool Of Questions Research Articles

THU0330 Towards Tailored Patient's Management Approach: Integrating the Modified 2010 ACR Criteria for Fibromyalgia in Multidimensional Patient Reported Outcome Measures Questionnaire

BackgroundThe modified 2010 ACR criteria for fibromyalgia shifted the role of somatic symptoms assessment from the physician to the patient and allowed subjects to rate specific self-reported symptoms. Yet, fibromyalgia...

Facilitating Deep Student Learning With Online Quizzes Despite an Increased Class Size in a Master of Dietetics Studies Program

The University of Queensland, Australia, commenced an innovative Master of Dietetics Studies Program in 2009, using adult learning principles to foster critical thinking. Medical Nutrition Therapy courses consist of 3-hour case study workshops and assigned readings. Two educational interventions, online quizzes and a discussion board, were trialed to enhance supervisor and peer communication and feedback. Student survey, case study assignment, and the examination results were used to compare deep student learning in the same cohort of dietetic students pre- and postintervention and with previous dietetic student cohorts. Data revealed that the online quizzes encouraged completion of assigned readings that helped students work through the case studies, facilitating deep learning. Students wished to continue the online assessment (mean = 4.7 of 5). The discussion board was not well used because students felt that weekly communication with staff and other students was sufficient. Refinements will expand the online question pool and investigate the use of a less-structured communication forum.

Body Image in the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Questionnaire: development and validation

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a prolapse-specific body image questionnaire. Prolapse-specific body image themes that were identified in our previous work served as a framework for the development of a question pool. After review for face and content validity and reading level, the question pool was reduced to 21 items that represent predominant themes and that form the initial Body Image in Pelvic Organ Prolapse (BIPOP) questionnaire. Women with symptomatic prolapse of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POPQ) of more than stage II were enrolled from 2 academic urogynecology practices; they completed questionnaires on pelvic floor symptoms and distress, general body image, depression, self-esteem, and the BIPOP questionnaire, and they underwent the POPQ. We field-tested the BIPOP questionnaire with approximately 200 participants; 10 women completed cognitive interviews, and 100 women repeated the BIPOP questionnaire to assess test-retest reliability. Two hundred eleven participants were enrolled, and 201 women had complete data. Participants had mean age of 60.2 ± 10.5 years, were predominantly white (98%), were partnered (80%), and had median POPQ stage III. Cognitive interviews confirmed comprehension and clarity of questions and acceptability of length and subject matter. Exploratory factor analysis was performed in an iterative process until a parsimonious, 10-item scale with 2 subscales was identified (subscale 1 represented general attractiveness; subscale 2 represented partner-related prolapse reactions). Cronbach's α score for the subscales were 0.90 (partner) and 0.92 (attractiveness). Correlations between related questionnaires and BIPOP subscales were strong and directionally appropriate. Test-retest correlations on both total and subscale measurements were high. We developed and validated a prolapse-specific body image measurement that has face and content validity, high internal consistency, strong correlation with general prolapse and body image measures, and strong test-retest reliability.

Faculties feedback on powerpoint based spotter examination for first year medical students

Practical examination in Biochemistry involves spotters requiring rotation of students through ten stations in batches. As the number of students is large, it adds more difficulty in conducting such examination within the given time frame. Moreover, some of the stations require the use of an instrument or reagents which have to be arranged with the help of technical staff. So, to find a feasible, acceptable and valid tool for conduction such examinations, a pool of questions in micro soft (MS) - power point format based on the specification table and learning objectives was prepared. During periodic internal evaluations, these slides were used to orient the students for such examination. During university examinations, these questions were then administered to the entire batch of students simultaneously. A feedback regarding the same was taken from the faculty after the test using a questtionnaire with 5 point Likert’s scale. All faculty (100%) felt that this method overcomes the most of the needs required in conventional spotter examinations like laboratory infrastructure, student rotations between stations, reagents, preparation time, staff- technician coordination etc. So, power point based spotter examination can be an efficient and feasible tool for conducting such examinations for large number of students.

Item Analysis an Effective Tool for Assessing Exam Quality, Designing Appropriate Exam and Determining Weakness in Teaching

Introduction: Item analysis is an integrate component of course assessment which helps observe the item characteristics and improve the quality of the course exam. It also provides a guide for improving the teaching method to enhance the students' learning outcomes. However, item analysis results may not be applied to adjust the way teachers teach and improve the items characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of item analysis in improving assessment and teaching quality. Methods: The Item characteristics of the final exam for kinesiology course for physiotherapy students in 2 semesters were studied. Improved and good multiple choice questions (MCQs) were then conducted for another semester, followed by application of both good MCQs and improved teaching for the other semester. The item characteristics were compared to observe any effect of good MCQs and teaching on educational performance. Results: The good MCQs along with the improved teaching were associated with the greater mean score and the students who passed the exam rather than those with only good MCQs. The percentage of easy questions (42.5%) in students who received good MCQs and improved teaching compared with those (15%) who only received good MCQs indicated that the improved pool of questions were shifted from medium to easier questions. Conclusion: We concluded that the item analysis should be followed by revised and improved teaching method. It appears that improved item characteristics are associated with improved teaching method and possibly with an improvement in students' learning.

Generating Large Question Banks of Graded Questions with Tailored Feedback and its Effect on Student Performance

Formative assessments have been developed to give students practice with simple mathematical manipulations necessary in physical chemistry. A series of computer programs has been used to generate large pools of questions to accompany a core undergraduate physical chemistry module. In each assessment the questions are graded to increase the cognitive load gradually and feedback is tailored to each individual response. Furthermore, the assessments are arranged in a “ daisy chain ” to ensure that one is completed before the next may be attempted. The difference in terminal examination results between cohorts prior and post intervention is presented. There appears to have been a positive effect on the examination performance of the post intervention students.

FRI0326 Incorporating patient reported outcome measures in clinical practice: development and validation of a proms questionnaire for sle

BackgroundRheumatology is embarking on a fundamental redesign of rheumatic disease care. It became mandatory not only to recognize disease activity core set data, but also the risks for other co-morbidities...

AB0197 The arthritic patients’ perspective of measuring treatment efficacy: patient reported experience measures (prems) as a quality tool

BackgroundPatients have an important role to play in communicating the impact of disease and the effectiveness of healthcare. Well-developed patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) can provide a clinically relevant and scientifically...

AB0344 Patient reported outcomes in inflammatory arthritis: Validity, reliability and sensitivity to change of the arabic combined questionnaire for functional impairment and quality of life assessment

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by pain, physical impairment, fatigue, disability, psychiatric changes, increased co-morbidity as well as ability to work. The combined inflammatory arthritis questionnaire for...

SAT0401 Towards a Multidimensional Patient Reported Outcome Measures Assessment: Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Patients with Fibromyalgia.

BackgroundRheumatology is embarking on a fundamental redesign of rheumatic disease care. It became mandatory not only to recognize disease activity core set data, but also the risks for other co-morbidities...

Radiology ExamWeb: Development and Implementation of a National Web-Based Examination System for Medical Students in Radiology

Faculty are often limited in time, knowledge, and resources to develop efficient, effective, and valid computer-based examinations to evaluate students. Our purpose was to develop a web-based pool of standardized National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME)-format, peer-reviewed, and peer-tested questions based on the Alliance of Medical Student Educators in Radiology (AMSER) National Medical Student Curriculum to evaluate the radiologic knowledge of medical students. Members of the AMSER Electronics Committee submitted questions they had written for their institutions and later developed a 113-question standardized examination. Questions were edited by 24 subspeciality editors and then further edited by the authors to NBME recommendations. Software was developed using commercially available software (www.ExamWeb.com) with extensive modifications and additions following initial deployment. Students take examinations online and receive their scores immediately. Items were validated by identifying those answered >30 times and analyzing the following: number of times deployed, number of times correctly answered, distractor-specific breakdown, difficulty level (P), and point biserial coefficient (rbi). Radiology ExamWeb (REW) is available online with 3500 registered students from 65 institutions and 1800 active questions. Instructors can create examinations or use "shared examinations" made by another instructor but enabled for other institutions to administer or modify. More than 300 shared examinations have been developed. The AMSER curriculum was converted into database format and crosschecked with question items to ensure that the question pool adequately covered the spectrum of the curriculum. An AMSER standardized examination has been developed and deployed within REW. REW has provided medical student educators with the means to evaluate students in a systematic way, using a nationally edited and regularly reviewed web-based process.

Development and Psychometric Testing of the Hemophilia Well-being Index

Hemophilia experts have recommended that screening tools should be introduced into clinical practice to assess patients' needs and perceptions. The present work aims to describe the development of a brief instrument for the assessment of subjective well-being of men with hemophilia within an international study involving participants from 10 countries. Several steps were implemented toward achieving this objective: (1) literature review; (2) semistructured interviews in different Ibero-American countries; (3) exploratory qualitative content analysis of the interviews; (4) definition of the construct being evaluated; (5) generation of preliminary items; (6) interjudgment ratings of the items, by both patients and experts, to assess comprehension and review items; and (7) psychometric testing of an international sample of 342 patients with hemophilia. Exploratory qualitative study allowed the development of an initial pool of items which address salient life domains related to well-being. Interjudgment ratings led to improvements in the wording and comprehensibilty of the preliminary pool of questions. Psychometric testing allowed items to be reviewed according to empirical criteria. The assessment of the underlying structure of the questionnaire by exploratory factor analysis (generalized least squares) showed a unidimensional model explaining 59.7 % of variance. Adequate internal consistency (0.91) and test-retest reliability (0.82) were observed for the instrument. Associations with other outcome measures and clinical indicators also provided a range of evidence for the instrument's validity. This study presents a new disease-specific tool which is able to assess subjective well-being in hemophilia patients.The instrument is available in Spanish, Portuguese (Brazilian), and English language versions for use in future research.

Realisation of the guidelines for faculty-internal exams at the Department of General Medicine at the University of Munich: Pushing medical exams one step ahead with IMSm.

Graded exams are prerequisites for the admission to the medical state examination. Accordingly the exams must be of good quality in order to allow benchmarking with the faculty and between different universities. Criteria for good quality need to be considered - namely objectivity, validity and reliability. The guidelines for the processing of exams published by the GMA are supposed to help maintaining those criteria. In 2008 the Department of General Medicine at the University of Munich fulfils only 14 of 18 items. A review process, appropriate training of the staff and the introduction of the IMSm software were the main changes that helped to improve the ‘GMA-score’ to 30 fulfilled items. We see the introduction of the IMSm system as our biggest challenge ahead. IMSm helps to streamline the necessary workflow and improves their quality (e.g. by the detection of cueing, item analysis). Overall, we evaluate the steps to improve the exam process as very positive. We plan to engage co-workers outside the department to assist in the various review processes in the future. Furthermore we think it might be of value to get into contact with other departments and faculties to benefit from each other’s question pools.

Situation awareness in emergency medicine

The objective of this study is to determine the effects of environmental factors on physician situation awareness (SA) in an emergency department (ED) setting. An objective method of level 1 (i.e., perception) SA measurement and evaluation was developed and applied. Resident physician level 1 SA was measured using the Situational Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT). SAGAT question probes (i.e., sets of 10 questions) were generated randomly from a pool of questions and administered hourly. Questions were answered at a 7.4% false response rate. Environmental measures (i.e., patient information, physician information, temporal information, and workload) were collected concurrently. Mixed-effects modeling was used to determine the relationship between physician SA and environmental factors adjusting for potential correlation within physician observed, patients managed, and questions asked. Significant factors associated with decreases in SA include: patient hand-offs (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.67), resident physician in final year of training (OR: 0.49), and number of patients managed (OR: 1.17). Significant correlation within question was observed and adjusted for. Overall, this study demonstrates a novel approach toward diagnosing factors contributing to physician SA during patient care. SA studies in healthcare may provide evidence for interventions aimed at improving healthcare work environments and patient safety.

Study protocol for the recruitment of female sex workers and their non-commercial partners into couple-based HIV research

BackgroundResearchers are increasingly recognizing the importance of addressing sexual and drug-related HIV risk within the context of intimate relationships rather than solely focusing on individual behaviors. Practical and effective methods are needed to recruit, screen, and enroll the high risk and hard-to-reach couples who would most benefit from HIV interventions, such as drug-using female sex workers (FSWs) and their intimate, non-commercial partners. This paper outlines a bi-national, multidisciplinary effort to develop and implement a study protocol for research on the social context and epidemiology of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI), and high risk behaviors among FSWs and their non-commercial male partners in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. We provide an overview of our study and specifically focus on the sampling, recruitment, screening, and successful enrollment of high risk couples into a public health study in this context.Methods/DesignWe used targeted and snowball sampling to recruit couples through the female partner first and administered a primary screener to check her initial eligibility. Willing and eligible females then invited their primary male partners for couple-based screening using a couple verification screening (CVS) instrument adapted from previous studies. The CVS rechecked eligibility and separately asked each partner the same questions about their relationship to "test" if the couple was legitimate. We adapted the original protocol to consider issues of gender and power within the local cultural and socioeconomic context and expanded the question pool to create multiple versions of the CVS that were randomly administered to potential couples to determine eligibility and facilitate study enrollment.DiscussionThe protocol successfully enrolled 214 high risk couples into a multi-site public health study. This work suggests the importance of collaborating to construct a study protocol, understanding the local population and context, and drawing on multiple sources of input to determine eligibility and verify the legitimacy of relationships. We provide a practical set of tools that other researchers should find helpful in the study of high risk couples in international settings, with particular relevance to studies of FSWs and their intimate partners.

¡Coger el Buzz! (O cómo lograr la transcreación de un videojuego de ventas millonarias)

With over 9 million copies sold since its launch in 2005, Buzz! is one of the most successful quiz videogame franchises of the world. Such a success requires not only the creation of a large pool of fresh questions targeted to various groups of players in many different territories, but also the implementation of refined localization techniques that ensure that the questions are prepared carefully through a combination of translating, adapting, creating, ranking and testing the questions. This article illustrates the work involved from different points of view of the team: international creative brief, team building, actual editorial work performed in each country, the do’s and dont’s in managing such a complex production in parallel in many countries.

Study of developing a scale of attitude towards radiation

The aim of this research is to develop a scale for measuring the knowledge and attitude of the university students to the concept of radiation. That's why, for assessing sensorial learning's included in educational aims, a likert type scale was prepared to determine what the thoughts of the students about radiation are. This research was applied to 175 students studying at Erzincan University, Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education and Vocational High School. In the first stage of the research, a question pool was originated and an attitude scale of 45 questions was formed making use of the questions taken from this question pool. These questions were reduced to 35 and were applied to the students after consulting to an expert. Pilot study of this attitude scale was done. The data was done analyzed statistically. The questions including the perspective against the objects that may be the source of radiation and that we have to live together and face in daily life were prioritised. Content and construct validities were examined for the validity study of the scale. We utilized from the opinion of an expert to determine the scope validity, and from Croncbach alpha reliability coefficient was found to be 0.885. The scale was determined as seven factors by a factor analysis for the construct validity. This research is supposed to inform society and the university students about radiation. It's supposed that the scale will enlighten the studies to be done in the future about radiation.

What are the important components of the clinical assessment of hand problems in older adults in primary care? Results of a Delphi study

BackgroundTo identify clinical questions and assessments regarded by health care practitioners as important when assessing undifferentiated hand pain or problems in adults aged 50 years and over presenting to primary care.MethodsA purposively selected panel of 26 UK-based Health Care Practitioners comprising occupational therapists, physiotherapists, rheumatologists and general practitioners, were invited to take part in a consensus study involving three postal rounds of a Delphi questionnaire with accompanying case scenarios. Participants were asked to generate questions and assessments (round 1), rate their importance (round 2), and vote on which items were most important (round 3).ResultsSixteen Health Care Practitioners agreed to participate with 11 completing all three rounds. The first round of the Delphi study generated 156 questions and 143 assessments. After three rounds agreement was reached on the importance of 25 questions and 19 assessments. Questions were weighted towards current symptoms, but also included the history of previous hand problems, self-reported hand function, co-morbidity and general health. Observation and palpation of features predominated in the choice of assessment, but specific tests, grip strength, evaluation of sensation and hand function were also included.ConclusionsA pool of clinical questions and assessments were generated by Health Care Practitioners, and those considered most important for assessing older adults presenting with undifferentiated hand pain and hand problems in primary care were identified. Further evaluation is required to establish the reliability and feasibility of using these questions and assessments in primary care. In particular, the relative contribution of these questions and assessments in evaluating the nature and severity of hand problems, assisting diagnosis, indicating appropriate management, and predicting future course requires further investigation.

The Cannabis Use Problems Identification Test (CUPIT): development, reliability, concurrent and predictive validity among adolescents and adults

To describe the empirical construction and initial validation of the Cannabis Use Problems Identification Test (CUPIT), a brief self-report screening instrument for detection of currently and potentially problematic cannabis use. In a three-phase prospective design an item pool of candidate questions was generated from a literature review and extensive expert consultation. The CUPIT internal structure, cross-sectional and longitudinal psychometric properties were then systematically tested among heterogeneous past-year users. Volunteer participants were 212 high-risk adolescents (n = 138) and adults (n = 74) aged 13-61 years from multiple community settings. The comprehensive assessment battery included several established measures of cannabis-related pathology for CUPIT validation, with DSM-IV/ICD-10 diagnoses of cannabis use disorders as criterion standard. Sixteen items loading highly on two subscales derived from principal components analysis exhibited good to excellent test-retest (0.89-0.99) and internal consistency reliability (0.92, 0.83), and highly significant ability to discriminate diagnostic subgroups along the severity continuum (non-problematic, risky, problematic use). Twelve months later, baseline CUPIT scores demonstrated highly significant longitudinal predictive utility for respondents' follow-up diagnostic group membership. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified a CUPIT score of 12 to be the optimal cut-point for maximizing sensitivity for both currently diagnosable cannabis use disorder and those at risk of meeting diagnostic criteria in the following 12 months. The CUPIT is a brief cannabis screener that is reliable, valid and acceptable for use across diverse community settings and consumers of all ages. The CUPIT has clear potential to assist with achievement of public health goals to reduce cannabis-related harms in the community.

Reliability and validity study of the achievement scale of electromechanic systems course

The purpose of the study of Achievement Scale of Electromechanic Systems (ASES) is to introduce the achievements of the students studying this course, in their learning-teaching processes, and to contribute to evaluation and assessment of the acquisitions in this field. At the beginning of the reliability and validity study of the achievement scale, a question pool consisting of 100 questions was formed, by considering the subjects stated in the course program of the Electromechanic Systems Course as well as the target behaviors. In line with the opinions of the academicians and evaluation and assessment experts active in the field of Electromechanic Systems, some (60) of these questions were selected and used in the study. The study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a group consisting of 95 students studying this course in Marmara University Technical Education Faculty was subjected to achievement test and validity analysis. In consequence of this validity analysis, the items (20), validity levels of which were low and item difficulties of which remained out of the scientific criteria, were eliminated and the achievement test was applied again to the same group (95 students). Acceptable state (40) and correlation (r) of the achievement test of these two applications were considered. High-level positive relation was observed between the two tests (r=0.881). The 20 questions over the significance level of 0.05 in all the item-total, item-remainder and item-distinctiveness relations were eliminated and the number of questions was reduced to 40. Cronbach alpha coefficient was found 0.802, calculated statistically as based on the variance of each question. In the second stage, the valid and reliable achievement test was applied to the same group consisting of 95 students 8 weeks later. High-level positive relation was observed between the two measurements of the valid and reliable achievement tests repeated 8 weeks later (r=0.881, p<0.001).