Pooled Deviation Research Articles

Stability Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Snap Melon (Cucumis melo var momordica)

Snap melon, scientifically known as Cucumis melo L. var. momordica (Roxb.), is a crop native to India and belonging to Cucurbitaceae family. This study was carried out to assess the nature and magnitude of genotype-environment interaction and stability among some parameters in snap melon genotypes. Twenty five local cultivars along with three standard checks were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at three environments during summer 2023 at Navsari. The Eberhart and Russell model of stability analysis was employed which has been proved to be a reliable model. The study revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes when tested against pooled deviation were highly significant for all the traits studied. Environment ´ Genotype (linear) showed significant differences for all characteristics except fruit weight and yield per vine, indicating that prediction could be possible by considering individual genotypes for these traits. A significant non-linear component (pooled deviation) was observed for fruit weight and fruit yield per vine, suggesting that genotypes varied considerably in terms of stable performance for these traits. The G ´ E interaction was only significant for flesh thickness and yield per vine, with all other traits being non-significant. The genotypes T 14 (HUB 18) and T 17 (HUB 21) were relatively stable and can be further used as parents to develop a more robust stable genotype. We identified genotypes which could pave way introducing high performing snap melon varieties.

Genotype x environment interaction in hybrids and parents of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Pooled analysis of variance for phenotypic stability of 56 F1 hybrids along with 8 parents using 8 x 8 diallel mating design for seed yield, its components and oil content in sesame were assessed in four different environments in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra. Genotype x Environment (G x E) interaction was significant for all the characters except for days to maturity. The environment (linear) component of variance was significant for all the characters except oil content against pooled error, indicating the presence of macro-environmental differences under all four environments. The mean sum of squares due to G x E (linear) was significant for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of capsules per plant, length of capsule, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant indicating variation in the performance of genotypes due to the regression of genotypes on the environment. The mean sums of squares due to pooled deviation (non-linear) were significant for most characters, suggesting the role of unpredictable causes affecting stability. However, the magnitude of non-linear components was lower for most of the characters than G x E (linear) variance. Among the crosses, TBS-10 x V-29, TBS-7 x TBS-12 and R-20 x R-09 were the most stable for seed yield per plant over a wide range of environments. These stable crosses also showed stable performance for most of the yield attributing traits and oil content.

Stability analysis for traits related to water use efficiency in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

The present study was conducted to evaluate the stability of 41 genotypes with respect to variousmorphophysiological traits affecting water use efficiency in sunflower. The four water stress environments werecreated by skipping irrigation at different plant growth stages. The data were recorded for canopy temperature (°C),photosynthetic capacity, leaf area index, leaf water potential (mpa), days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plantheight (cm), head diameter (cm), 100-seed weight (g), seed yield/plant (g) and oil content (%). The analysis ofvariance revealed that the genotypes and environment (linear) showed significant interaction for all the traits understudy which indicated that phenotypic expression of all the genotypes for these characters was influencedsignificantly by environments. The pooled deviations for all the characters were significant indicating that theperformance of genotypes varied in different environments. The phenotypic stability of genotypes was measuredby three parameters namely mean performance over environments, regression coefficient and deviation fromregression line. The genotypes viz., P112R, NDLR1 and 7-1-B for days to 50% flowering ; P107RP2, P112R, 304Band 52B for days to maturity; P93R, P69R and P115R for seed yield/plant; P124R and 45B for 100-seed weightand P93R, 95C1R and P91R for oil content showed stable performance over different water stress environments.None of the genotypes was found stable for plant height.

Stability analysis for traits related to seed yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

An investigation was made to test the adaptability of twenty two hybrids along with four check hybrids for seedyield/plot(g), head diameter (cm) and hundred seed weight (g) over six environments. Environmental variances were significant for all the characterssuggesting the presence of genetic variability among genotypes over environments. The G x E (linear) were non-significant for all the characters under studied when tested against pooled deviation, indicates unpredictable performance of genotypes over the environments. The environment indicesrevealed that E2 was the most favourable environment for seed yield/plot (g), head diameter and 100-seed weight. For the stability parameter, none of the hybrid was ideal with an average adaptability for all the traits. The hybrid SVSH-473 had bi value nearer to unity (b=1), non-significant value of S2di and higher mean than the population mean indicating average stability and suitable for all environments. Based on the mean performance for head diameter the hybrid, SVSH-467 and for 100-seed weight the hybrid, SVSH-458 showed stable performance.

Study on Stability Parameters for Yield and Compact Plant Type Characters in Hybrids Derived from Multiple Cross Derivatives of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Amenable for HDPS

Stability of 42 F1 hybrids derived by crossing six lines and seven testers in line x tester mating design was studied by planting in three different locations for yield and compact plant traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits when tested against pooled deviation and pooled error. The mean squares due to environments (E) was found significant for all the characters except for days to 50% flowering, length of the sympodial branches, boll weight and ginning outturn. Significant interaction of G x E was exhibited by all traits except for days to 50% flowering, number of monopodial branches, leaf area and ginning outturn when tested against pooled deviation, indicating differential behaviour of genotypes in changing environments. The study also revealed the importance of both linear and non-linear components in determining the interaction of genotypes with environment. The cross combinations viz., MC 17-6 x MC 3-2 , MC 4-3 x MC 3-2, MC 16-3 x MC 17-2, MC 23-2 x NH 630, MC 23-2 x MC 3-2 and MC 17-6 x MC 22-2 had shown stable performance over locations for yield along with few compact plant type characters based on stability parameters and could be subjected for further evaluation to develop hybrids amenable for HDPS.

Genotype x Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis in Maize across the Southern Aravalli Ranges of Rajasthan

Crop production is the function of genotype, environment and their interaction (GEI) and evaluation of genotypes in multi environments helps to identify their adaptation and stability. The 45 hybrids along with their 18 parents and two check cultivars were evaluated in three environments viz., E1 (Kharif-2019, Instructional Farm, RCA, Udaipur), E2 (Kharif -2019, Agriculture Research Sub-Station, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur) and E3 (Rabi-2019-2020, Instructional Farm, RCA, Udaipur) in randomized block design with three replications at each environment to assess the phenotypic stability of genotypes by using Eberhart and Russel (1968). The mean squares due to genotypes and environments were found significant for all the traits under study indicated inherent genetic differences among the genotypes. The G x E (linear) interaction was found significant for most of the traits under study The mean squares due to pooled deviation were found non-significant for all the traits indicated major portion of the genotype x environment interaction was formed by predictable portion. The majority of the hybrids depicted non-significant deviations from regression (S2di) for grain yield per plant indicated their predictable response across the environments. A great majority of genotypes revealed non-significant non-linear estimates (S2di) for different traits under the study indicated the prediction of stability was more or less accurate and reliable. The top three hybrids suitable for all environments (bi≈1) were EI-2653 x EI-102, EI-2639 x EI-670 and EI-2505 x EI-102 with non-significant S2di values. The hybrids EI-2176-3 x EI-03 (bi<1) EI-2525-2 x EI-03 (bi>1) and EI-2159 x EI-670 (bi>1) out yielded the best check cultivar CC-1. Thus, these hybrids may be used in future breeding programmes of maize after further multi location yield testing.

STABILITY ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION SOME GENETIC PARAAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS FOR SOME DURUM WHEAT GENOTYPES.

Four durum wheat genotypes exotic from ICARDA and local variety were sown in agricultural season of 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018, using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The result of the combined analysis of variance exhibited that the mean square of environments, genotypes and to evaluate their stability for genotypes x environment interaction (G X E) were significant for all traits, suggesting differential response of genotypes due to environment. When by partitioning G X E interaction in to the linear and non-linear (pooled deviation) components, that differences between environments (environment linear) were highly significant for all traits. For the GXE interaction linear, the results indicated that all traits were not significant except 1000-grain weight, The result also indicated that the durum wheat genotypes produced homogeneity for the most studied traits and much variation was noted in plant height and days to maturity. The genotype Miki-3 was superior in hectoliter and plant height and grain yield which gave 84.88 kgL/1000 87 and 2.37 T/ha respectively. The results exhibited that the phenotypic variation was more than the genotypic variation indicating that, the characters more affected by environments. For heritability in broad sense, the results showed moderate value for plant height and days to flowering and low for the rest traits. The genetic advance as the mean was low for all traits with the values ranged between 1.20 to 7.52 for hectoliter and 1000-grain weight. The lowest differences in genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability in the three seasons, this indicated that large amount of variation was contributed by environmental influence and low by genetic components. For stability analysis, the results indicated that the genotypes Miki3 and Simeto gave the best stability according to all parameters of stability with other genotypes and these genotypes gave highest value of grain yield 2.37 and 2.18.

Stability analysis in castor (Ricinus communis (L.)

The present investigation on G x E interactions and stability parameters in castor for seed yield per plant and ten other traits using L x T analysis involving nine parents, their resultant twenty crosses and two standard checks. Analysis of variance for stability revealed significant values for mean squares among the genotypes and environments (linear) for almost all the characters except seed volume per weight and oil content for environment indicated the variable nature of various entries and environments. The G x E interaction was significant for most of the characters when tested against both pooled error and pooled deviation, which indicated that different genotypes reacted differently to different environmental conditions. The top four hybrids viz., Geeta x NAUCI 8, Geeta x NAUCI 9, NAUCP-1 x NAUCI 9 and SKP 72 x NAUCI 9 were the most promising and stable over environments for seed yield per plant. Key words: Stability, G x E, Castor, Pooled deviation and Pooled error

Stability analysis for quality, yield and yield attributing traits in heritage rice landrace Zag (Red Rice) of Kashmir Himalayas

Eighteen red rice collections from different sites of the Kashmir Himalayas valley were evaluated during kharif - 2017, 2018 and 2019 for stability performance for yield along with its related traits and cooking quality traits. The genotype effect had a significant mean square for all traits except panicle length based on analysis of variance. The genotype×environment interaction showed a significant difference for some of the studied traits, which included kernel elongation ratio, grain yield, number of panicles, 1000 seed weight, kernel length before cooking and kernel length after cooking. When the environment + (G × E) interaction is divided into environment (linear), G x E (linear) and congruent deviation, the mean square by environment (linear) shows that all attributes are taken into consideration. These results showed a significant difference between the environments that can have a great impact on the expression of the studied traits. Similarly, G x E (linear) was observed to be significant for all traits except 50% flowering days, plant height and maturity days, which means that the genotype behaviour of these traits is environmentally predictable and indicates that this is the function of the components of the linear environment. Mean squares due to pooled deviation (nonlinearity) were significant for all traits except 1000 grain weight and kernel breadth before cooking, suggesting that nonlinear composition is important for characteristics that contribute to the total G×E interaction. Thus, the genotypes differ significantly in terms of stability to the environment for such traits. C-5 has a low average for flowering days up to 50% and ripening days relative to the population mean, the row also has a uniform regression coefficient and the least deviation from the regression of yield showing consistent behaviour of the stream over the years. Likewise, C14 has a uniform regression coefficient and the least deviation from the regression for yield as well as a low mean for days up to 50% flowering and days until ripening, showed suitability of the line for consistent yield and early maturity.

English

The study involved the stability analysis of the parents and hybrids, using line x tester mating design. Twenty four hybrids along with their ten parents and checks ((SSG 59-3 and MFSH 4)) were evaluated at two locations with two dates of sowing (Early and late sowing) during the kharif season of 2015-16 for quality traits. Data on different qualiitative characters at first cut (55 days after sowing) and second cut (45 days after first cut) were recorded. Stable hybrids are desirable for commercial exploitation over a wide range of agro-climatic conditions. It is clear that mean sum of squares due to genotypes for all the characters were highly significant when tested against pooled deviation, which revealed that the hybrids had significant differences in response to varying environmental conditions. Five hybrids were found to have both bi and ¯Sdi2 significant, indicating the presence of both linear and non-linear components of G × E interaction for protein content. Hybrids 56A × IS 2389 was found stable, average responsive and suitable for all the test environments for IVDMD. The cross combination of 14A × HJ 513, 31A × HJ 541 and 14A × IS 2389 were found stable, average responsive and suitable for all the test environments for HCN content. On the otherhand, hybrids 465A × G 46 and 465A × IS 2389 and parent G 46 were found highly responsive and suitable for the favourable environments. Therefore, these hybrids can be utilized in further genetic study in future in plant breeding.

G x E interactions and stability analysis for seed cotton yield and its components in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

A line x tester analysis using 10 lines and five testers were carried out to study the stability of 50 hybrids over environments using three different sowing dates for seed cotton yield and its quantitative traits in cotton. The analysis of variance for stability revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters when tested against the pooled error and pooled deviation. The mean square due to environments (E) was also found significant when tested against the pooled error and pooled deviation for all the characters. G x E interactions were non-significant for all the characters except days to 50% flowering, days to 50% boll bursting, seed index and oil content indicating linear response of different genotypes for various traits under varied environmental conditions. The variance due to environments (linear) was significant for all the traits when tested against pooled error as well as pooled deviation. The stability parameters viz., overall mean (X̅), regression coefficient (bi) and deviation from regression (S2di) revealed that the hybrids G.Cot 18 x GSHV 173, G.Cot 18 x GTHV 7/70, G.Cot 12 x GTHV 7/70, G.Cot 12 x G.Cot 20 and GJHV 511 x GSHV 173 were the most widely adapted and stable crosses for seed cotton yield per plant and its components. The parents GJG 101, Deviraj, G.Cot 12, G.Cot 10, GJHV 500, GJHV 511, GJHV 517, GJHV 521, GJHV 536, Suraj, G.Cot 20, GSHV 173 and GTHV 7/70 were identified as the stable genotypes for seed cotton yield and its components and hence, they may be utilized in breeding programmes for incorporation of stability in cotton. Key wordsCotton, stability, Eberhart and Russell Model, Environments, G x E interaction.

Genotype x Environmental Interaction for Growth and Yield Parameters of Tree Mulberry Genotypes in Different Seasons

Aims: To identify the stable genotypes across the seasons for different yield and its contributing traits.
 Study Design: Field experimental design was used
 Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in different seasons during 2017-19 at Department of Sericulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore.
 Methodology: The present study comprised of six mulberry genotypes viz., MI-012, MI-79, MI-21, MI-139, MI-516, ME-05 and two popular check varieties V1 and M5.
 Results: The mean squares due to seasons was significant for total shoot length (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf yield per plant (g), ten fresh leaf weight (g), leaf moisture content (%) at harvest, leaf moisture retention capacity (%) at 6 and 9 hrs after harvest. Analysis of variance indicated high significance of mean sum of squares due to season for number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf yield per plant, single leaf area, moisture content and moisture retention capacity at 6 and 9 hrs after harvest of leaf. Further, it could be observed that variance due to seasons (linear) were highly significant for number of branches per plant, total shoot length, number of leaves per plant, ten fresh leaf weight, leaf yield per plant, single leaf area, moisture content and moisture retention capacity at 6 and 9 hrs after harvest of leaf. Whereas, variance due to G х S (linear) was non significant for shoot height, internodal distance, number of leaves per plant, ten fresh leaf weight, leaf yield per plant, moisture content and moisture retention capacity at 6 and 9 hrs after harvest of leaf. Variance due to pooled deviation was highly significant for shoot height, number of branches per plant, total shoot length, internodal distance, number of leaves per plant, ten fresh leaf weight, single leaf area, moisture content and moisture retention capacity at 6 and 9 hrs after harvest of leaf. Whereas, variance due to pooled deviation was non significant for leaf yield per plant.

Stability Analysis in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes with High Grain Zinc

Background: Balanced nutrition is an essential part of human diet and rice being consumed by more than half of the world population, having rice cultivars biofortified for high Zinc levels in polished rice would be very important to combat issues of malnutrition. Zinc being a highly variable trait and influenced by environmental and soil conditions, a multi-location stability analysis was conducted to identify cultivars stable for high grain Zinc with consistency in yield performance. Methods: Present experiment was conducted to study the stability of 22 high zinc rice genotypes in five different locations of Eastern Uttar Pradesh in RCBD with three replications in all the locations and 12 different traits were included in the study. Eberhart and Russell model was used for evaluating the stability of the genotypes. Results: The results reported high significance for all the twelve characters studied. Mean sum of squares due to environment as well as linear component of environment were significant for all the characters suggesting presence of variation among the five environments tested. All the twenty-two genotypes showed significant differences for all the characters when tested against pooled error and pooled deviation. The genotype, IR15M1633 recorded highest mean grain Zinc content but have negative association with yield. Therefore, considering for a high grain Zinc genotype with consistent yield performance, the genotypes, DRR Dhan 48 and HURZ-3 showed good mean values for all the traits and was also stable for grain zinc, yield per hectare, 1000 grain weight, had shorter plant height and can be suggested for use as high yielding cultivars with high grain Zinc and could be further used in breeding programmes successfully.

On carbon sequestration efficient clones/genotypes selection for high essential oil yield over environments in Khus (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty)

Khus/vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty), family Poaceae, commonly known as khus grass, is important for essential oil used in the perfumery industry as well as in aromatherapy in India, and so is its value world over. The genetic diversity and genotype × environment studies using agronomical traits study in this crop are available. Still, the genotype × environment study using the physiological economic traits is very meager. Therefore, the objectives in the present investigation were to estimate the khus genotypes response over multi-years interaction and the selection of stable high essential oil yielding and carbon sequestration efficient genotypes in the khus. In this study, sixty-five diverse genotypes of khus collected from twenty-five states/places of India and abroad were studied for the seven physiological economic traits in the three consecutive years. The genotypes, environments/years, genotypes × environments/years, years + (genotypes × environments/years), genotype × environments/years (Linn.) related pooled analysis of variance and deviations for the seven characters were found highly significant. This indicates that these genotypes had diverse linear interactions in change environmental conditions. The pooled deviation significances showed that deviation in linear regression contributes towards the genotype’s stability. The predictable/linear or unpredictable/non-linear components significantly contributed to the genotype's stability. Both Eberhart and Russell and GGE biplot analyses identified six promising and stable genotypes for essential oil yield and the three highly stable genotypes for the trait photosynthesis rate. The essential oils of the selected genotypes were also found rich for the major compounds: khusilal, preziza-7(15)-en-12-ol, khusol, and khusimol, along with other minor compounds. The preziza-7(15)-en-12-ol, a prezizaen class of compound, is being reported in high proportions for the first time in Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty).

Genotype x environment interaction of wheat genotypes under salinity environments

Genotypes x environment interaction as well as stability of performance were determined for grain yield and yield contributes of 12 wheat genotypes under four salinity levels of environments (control, 8, 12, 16 dS/m). Significant genotype-environment interaction (linear) for days to heading, plant height, number of spikes per plant and grains per spikes, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant at 1% level of probability when tested against pooled deviation. Both the environment (linear) and genotype x environment (linear) components of variation for stability were also significant indicating that prediction of the genotypes on the environment appeared feasible for all the characters. The variance due to pooled deviation was significant for only days to heading. Considering all the three stability parameter, genotype G11 was found most stable among all the genotypes for grain weight of wheat. Among the genotypes G11, G22, G24, G33 and G40 were most desirable for yield per plant. The genotype G32 showed more responsiveness to changing environment and was suited only for highly favorable environments. Based on three stability parameters, G11, G22 and G37 were the most stable and desirable genotypes with reasonable good yield among the all.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 38-43

Genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis for yield traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

The present investigation was carried out during Rabi 2016-17 at five different locations in Chhattisgarh to determine the stability for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, pods per plant, 100-seed weight (g) and seed yield (kg/ha). Analysis of variance revealed significant mean squares due to genotypes for all the traits indicated significant differences among the means. Mean squares due to Genotypes x Env. (linear) were significant for pods/plant and seed yield indicated that the varieties differed genetically for their regression on the environmental index and hence the performance is predictable in nature for pods/plant and seed yield. Mean squares due to individual variety have been tested against pooled error for the traits days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height and 100-seed weight that exhibited significant mean squares due to pooled deviation. Mean squares due to pooled deviation were significant but mean squares due to Genotypes x Env. (linear) for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height and 100-seed weight indicated that variation in the performance of varieties is entirely unpredictable and hence varieties may perform better in the favorable environment for the traits. In the present investigation, varieties which showed significant regression tested for bi-0 for the traits were near to unity except for 100-seed weight in RG 2009-16, RG 2009-20 and RG 2010-11-1 which exhibited regression significantly differed to the unity (1-bi). For plant height varieties RG 2009-16 and RG 2015-08 exhibited high mean, regression coefficient near to unity and deviation from regression near to zero, hence may be considered as stable for the trait.

Stability analysis of yield and its component traits in coriander germplasm

Stability analysis were done in 42 coriander genotypes including three check varieties during rabi 2010–11 and 2014–15 at TNAU, Coimbatore with per se performance. The analysis of pooled data indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes and environments for all the traits. The variance due to genotype and environments were highly significant for all the traits. Highly significant pooled deviation for umbels per plant and seed yield per hectare and highly significant G × E (linear) interaction for pods per plant and seed yield per plant indicated the preponderance of non-linear components of G × E interaction. The genotype CS 245 had shown consistent performance and stability in wider environments for seed yield per plant, whereas CS 14 has shown consistent performance in poor environment for seed yield per plant.

Stability studies in gum cluster bean genotypes

Phenotypic stability was studied for seed yield and their component characters in fifty five genotypes of gum cluster bean under four environments during summer and Kharif 2014 at two locations. The environment + (genotypes x environment) was highly significant for all the characters indicating distinct nature of environments and the effects due to environments (linear) was highly significant for all the characters. The partitioning of G x E interaction indicated that the linear components of G x E interaction were significant against pooled deviation for all the traits except number of dry pods per plant and seed yield per hectare and the non linear component (pooled deviation) was also highly significant for all the traits except number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per dry podand gum content in seed. Based on stability parameters and over all mean, five genotypes viz., IC-421834, IC-421839, IC-421815, IC-324032, and IC-421798 were stable in performance for seed yield per hectare. The genotypes IC-421830 and IC-421840 were most stable for the gum content in seed. Similarly, the genotypes IC-421830 was found to be stable with respect to protein percentage in seed. The genotypes IC-298638 was found to be stable across environments for higher gum yield per hectare.

Stability analysis in pole type beans (P. vulgaris) under temperate conditions

The present investigation was undertaken during 2012-2014 to generate information through evaluation of the set of materials (breeding material, germplasm lines and other varieties at the farmers’ field along with the farmers’ variety as a check through stability using Eberhart and Russel Model. Trials were laid at various locations of three districts summing to a three mother trials with one grand mother trial at the research station. The yield and yield attributing traits of all genotypes were taken on ten competitive plants of both grand mother and mother trial. The genotypes WB-83 and WB-258 were selected and preferred by the farmers across locations. The genotypes were evaluated for stability analysis and showed divergence across locations. The mean squares of all the traits were significant reflecting that the material was genetically divergent. The pooled deviation was significant and the variance due to variety × environment was significant for various traits indicating that the variation in the performance of the genotypes is both unpredictable and predictable. Most of the genotypes were having higher mean than the average, bi less than unity indicating that the varieties were more specifically adapted to the unfavorable environments than favourable ones. Some of the genotypes having higher mean yield, bi > 1 and S2di tending to zero were specifically adapted to favourable environments. On the basis of stability parameters genotypes WB-83 and WB-258 were identified as the most stable genotypes for seed yield per plot across all locations on the basis of high mean performance and non-significant estimates of bi and S2di from unit and zero respectively, however latter genotype showed sensitivity to better environments for biological yield on the basis of significant bi estimates. Similarly these genotypes were identified as consistent for early flowering for all the locations.

Stability for disease, genotype x environment interaction for yield andits components in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

The material for study of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction comprised of 23 genotypes, which were tested in four environments, during kharif-2012 and 2013 at two locations in Agricultural Research Station, Kalaburagi and Raddevadgi located in north eastern dry zone (Zone 2) of Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in lattice design with two replications. Highly significant differences among genotypes were observed for all the characters except number of pods per plant and yield per plant. Environmental +(Genotype x Environment) interaction was significant for days to 50 per cent flowering, day to maturity, plant height, pod bearing length, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant. The variance due to pooled deviation was highly significant for all the characters which reflect the presence of sufficient genetic variability in the material. Stability parameters for seed yield per plant indicated that ASHA(ch) was stable and desirable, followed by RVK-275 and GRG-811 which were specifically adopted for favourable and poor environments respectively. Two years of field screening for Fusarium wilt (FW) and Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) yielded three genotypes viz., GRG-811, GRG-2009 and ASHA for resistance to Fusarium wilt and moderate resistance to SMD. Hence, these genotypes can be used directly as a variety or choice of parent for hybridization programme.