Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofibers Research Articles

Composite Nanoarchitectonics of Electrospun Piezoelectric PVDF/AgNPs for Biomedical Applications, Including Breast Cancer Treatment

This study focused on preparing composite nanomats by incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers through the electrospinning process. A short review of piezoelectric PVDF-related research is presented. PVDF is known for its biocompatibility and piezoelectric properties. Since electrical signals in biological tissues have been shown to be relevant for therapeutic applications, the influence of the addition of AgNPs to PVDF on its piezoelectricity is studied, due to the ability of AgNPs to increase the piezoelectric signal, along with providing antibacterial properties. The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the biological activity of composites was examined using a cytotoxicity assay and an assessment of the antibacterial activity. The obtained results show that the incorporation of AgNPs into PVDF nanofibers further enhances the piezoelectricity (crystalline β-phase fraction), already improved by the electrospinning process, compared to solution-casted samples, but only with a AgNPs/PVDF concentration of up to 0.3%; a further increase in the nanoparticles led to a β-phase reduction. The cytotoxicity assay showed a promising effect of PVDF/AgNPs nanofibers on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, following the non-toxicity displayed in regard to the healthy MRC-5 cell line. The antibacterial effect of PVDF/AgNPs nanofibers showed promising antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, as a result of the Ag content. The anticancer activity, combined with the electrical properties of nanofibers, presents new possibilities for smart, multifunctional materials for cancer treatment development.

PVDF nanostructures characterizations and techniques for enhanced piezoelectric response: A review

Polymeric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers have drawn more attention due to their superior mechanical strength, piezoelectric qualities, and thermal stability. PVDF is regarded as a popular fluoropolymer. It is easily processed and possesses chemical resistance to a variety of substances, including various acids, bases, organic solvents, oil, and fat. Among the most extensively studied polymers with piezoelectric characteristics is PVDF. It was noted in the literature that increasing the β-phase in PVDF crystals and fibers increased the material's electromechanical properties. The β-phase concentration of PVDF has been increased by several studies over the last few decades, utilizing a variety of processing methods and additives. Electrospinning is one of these processing techniques. The development of electrospinning technology enabled precise tweaking of the β-phase. Pure polymer materials only have a restricted number of applications because of their small β-phase percentage. To address this issue, using nanofibers (NFs) to create composite materials is an extremely attractive design strategy for piezoelectric materials. This work reviews the impact of several nanoadditives, such as metal oxides, carbon-based materials, organic and inorganic lead halide perovskites, and some other fillers, on the piezoelectric behavior of PVDF and its copolymer structure. This paper makes an effort to provide a general overview of the electrospinning procedure for PVDF, a piezoelectric polymer, as well as the approach used to characterize its β-phase and composite materials made with NFs. With an emphasis on creating a suitable crystalline structure in the PVDF material, this study seeks to give commentary from a materials chemistry standpoint.

Instantaneous reduction of inkjet-printed graphene oxide on PVDF nanofibers for high-performance ultralight flexible supercapacitors

As the demand for innovative electronic devices continues to grow, flexible electronic products which offer a solution capable of adapting to various shapes and deformations, are increasingly gaining prominence. This study innovatively uses electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers as substrates and employs reactive inkjet printing (RIP) technology to deposit and instantaneously reduce graphene oxide (GO), fabricating ultralight flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors. To verify that PVDF nanofibers as substrates can facilitate the uniform deposition of GO ink during inkjet printing and prevent the dispersion of GO into the internal structure, thereby achieving good capacitive performance with the fewest layers of printing, this study analyzes and compares the capacitive performance differences among 1rGO/PVDF, 3rGO/PVDF, and 5rGO/PVDF samples. The results have been confirmed that the GO ink was effectively instantaneously in-situ reduced by l-ascorbic acid (AA) to rGO by RIP system, and the specific capacitance of 1rGO/PVDF electrode was founded of 83.29 F/g at a current density of 2 A/g from the GCD analysis with a corresponding energy density of 7.5 Wh kg−1 and power density of 1.04 kW kg−1. The 1rGO/PVDF supercapacitor exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, maintaining 93 % efficiency after 4000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 2 A/g.

Boosting piezoelectric properties of PVDF nanofibers via embedded graphene oxide nanosheets

Tremendous research efforts have been directed toward developing polymer-based piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) in a promising step to investigate self-charging powered systems (SCPSs) and consequently, support the need for flexible, intelligent, and ultra-compact wearable electronic devices. In our work, electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber mats were investigated while graphene oxide (GO) was added with different concentrations (from 0 to 3 wt.%). Sonication treatment was introduced for 5 min to GO nanosheets before combined PVDF solution. A comprehensive study was conducted to examine the GO incremental effect. Microstructural and mechanical properties were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a texture analyzer. Moreover, piezoelectric properties were assessed via various tests including impulse response, frequency effect, d33 coefficient, charging and discharging analysis, and sawyer tower circuit. Experimental results indicate that incorporation of GO nanosheets enhances piezoelectric properties for all concentrations, which was linked to the increase in β phase inside the nanofibers, which has a significant potential of enhancing nanogenerator performance. PVDF-GO 1.5 wt.% shows a notably higher enhancing effect where the electroactive β-phase and γ-phase are recorded to be boosted to ~ 68.13%, as well as piezoelectric coefficient (d33 ~ 55.57 pC/N). Furthermore, increasing impact force encouraged the output voltage. Also noted that the delivered open circuit voltage is ~ 3671 V/g and the power density is ~ 150 µw/cm2. It was observed that GO of concentration 1.5 wt.% recorded a conversion efficiency of ~ 74.73%. All results are in line, showing better performance for PVDF-GO 1.5 wt.% for almost all concentrations.

Effect of layered double hydroxide-graphene oxide modifier composition on characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride based nanocomposite membranes in the separation of Cu2+

This research explored the modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membranes with a composite of layered double hydroxide (LDH) and graphene oxide (GO) to enhance biofouling resistance. The PVDF/LDH-GO nanocomposite membranes were synthesized via vacuum filtration. FTIR analysis confirmed nanocomposite formation with new peaks indicating the presence of GO and LDH. Variations in the LDH:GO ratio affected the physical, mechanical, and performance properties of the membranes. Based on SEM imaging, the 1:1 LDH: GO ratio exhibited the highest Young's modulus and smallest pore sizes. LDH-GO incorporation increased the mechanical strength, porosity, roughness, hydrophilicity, and pure water permeability of the PVDF membranes. The combination of these factors led to balanced permeability and selectivity values towards Cu2+ solution feeds. LDH-GO was proven effective in modifying the PVDF membrane surface for water treatment and inhibiting biofouling up to 64% against E. coli.

A Piezoelectric Electrospun Nanofiber mat (Kaolin/PVDF) for the Degradation of Methylene Blue in Water

AbstractOrganic compounds of various classes have been identified as major pollutants commonly detected in several environmental freshwaters. As a potential solution, electrospun mat-like nanofibers comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers and kaolin clay composite were synthesized for the degradation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using piezocatalytic technique. The kaolin/PVDF composites were characterized with SEM, XRD, FTIR, Chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The poling of the piezoelectric charges of the electrospun mat-like nanofibers, enhanced by the presence of the crystalline nature of the kaolin clay occasioned the generation of reactive species upon exposure to ultrasonic vibration. Moreover, ultrasound waves in the system prevented passivation of the mat’s active surface during piezocatalysis through continuous cleaning action. A degradation efficiency of 100% was obtained from the degradation of methylene blue dye using the synthesized kaolin/PVDF composites during piezocatalysis. This result positions the nanofiber as an effective catalyst in wastewater treatment applications. Graphical Abstract

A Piezoelectric Electrospun Nanofiber mat (Kaolin/PVDF) for the Degradation of Methylene Blue in Water

AbstractOrganic compounds of various classes have been identified as major pollutants commonly detected in several environmental freshwaters. As a potential solution, electrospun mat-like nanofibers comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers and kaolin clay composite were synthesized for the degradation of methylene blue dye in wastewater using piezocatalytic technique. The kaolin/PVDF composites were characterized with SEM, XRD, FTIR, Chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The poling of the piezoelectric charges of the electrospun mat-like nanofibers, enhanced by the presence of the crystalline nature of the kaolin clay occasioned the generation of reactive species upon exposure to ultrasonic vibration. Moreover, ultrasound waves in the system prevented passivation of the mat’s active surface during piezocatalysis through continuous cleaning action. A degradation efficiency of 100% was obtained from the degradation of methylene blue dye using the synthesized kaolin/PVDF composites during piezocatalysis. This result positions the nanofiber as an effective catalyst in wastewater treatment applications. Graphical Abstract

Piezoelectric Biosensor based on ultrasensitive MEMS system

The lack of ultrasensitive biosensors is the major challenge in the control of pandemics at the very initial stage, so it is necessary to develop new biosensors for the prompt treatment, and the piezoelectric biosensor based on ultrasensitive MEMS system offers a good opportunity. This paper presents a novel approach using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) unsmooth nanofibers to transfer electronic current. The unique unsmooth surface of these nanofibers provides a high surface energy (geometrical potential), making them highly sensitive to microorganisms (e.g., viruses) absorbed on their surface. The absorption of viruses has an obvious effect on the nanofiber’s displacement and electrical resistivity. This paper presents a mathematical model that demonstrates the system's ultra-sensitivity. This rigorous mathematical analysis shows that even when the pull-in voltage in the PVDF nanofiber changes by just 0.0589 %, a dramatic shift from normal periodic motion to pull-in motion is predicted. This paper provides a new and reliable theoretical way to detect pandemics at the very beginning stage.

Characterization and Application of Natural Photosensitizer and Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) Nanofiber Membranes-Based Electrolytes in DSSC

This comprehensive research has explored the potential of enhancing dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) by harnessing environmentally friendly natural dyes, such as chlorophyll pigments from pandanus (664.1 nm) and papaya leaves (664.0 nm), as well as betacyanin pigments from sappan-mangosteen (536.2 nm). Electrochemical analyses elucidated the energy band gaps, revealing a hierarchy with the smallest band gap observed for papaya leaves (1.387 eV), followed closely by sappan-mangosteen (1.389 eV) and pandan leaves (1.396 eV). This research effectively addressed the persistent issue of electrolyte leakage in DSSC development by introducing a polymer electrolyte derived from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) through electrospinning and phase inversion techniques. SEM characterization results and thermogravimetric analysis underscored the superior characteristics and high thermal stability of the PVDF nanofiber polymer for DSSC applications. The study's pivotal findings underscore the remarkable DSSC performance achieved with chlorophyll pigment from papaya leaves, reaching 1.31% efficiency without a polymer electrolyte. Moreover, the sappan-mangosteen dye emerged as a promising contender with the highest efficiency values when applied with polymer electrolyte, recording rates of 1.17% for PVDF NF and 0.95% for PVDF, which are notably comparable to the efficiency of liquid electrolyte at 1.26%.

The regulation and its application of the charge decay rate in triboelectric nanogenerator.

The decay rate of charge in the friction layer is one of the key factors affecting the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). Reducing the decay rate of the triboelectric charge can increase the charge-carrying capacity of the friction layer and improve the output current and voltage of the TENG. This makes a friction generator more suitable for discontinuous driving environments. In contrast, increasing the decay rate of the charge in the friction layer can greatly improve the recovery time of the device, although it reduces the output performance of the generator. This is conducive to the application of friction generator in the field of sensors. In this study, polystyrene (PS) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were added to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers to adjust the charge decay time in the friction layer, thereby regulating the output performance of the friction generator and sensor. When the amount of added PS in the PVDF nanofiber reached 20%, the charge density on the friction surface increased by 1.9 times, and the charge decay time decreased by 64 times; when 0.1 wt% CNTs were added in the PVDF nanofiber, the charge decay time increased by more than 10 times. The former is more conducive to improving the power generation performance of the TENG, and the latter significantly improves the stability and repeatability of TENG-based sensors.&#xD.

A Narrative Review of In‐Textile Sensors in Human Health Applications

AbstractSensors have become more versatile and sophisticated in recent years to fulfill the increasing demands for human health applications. Physiological information such as electrocardiogram, pulse rate, and respiration are essential indications of personal health, often collected as vitals, which are typically collected from medical‐grade electrocardiogram (ECG) machines. In‐textile sensors are a fast‐growing sub‐category of wearable sensors embedded in smart textiles to acquire physiological information and movement index and provide harmful chemical warnings without compromising the comfortable nature of clothing. Recent literature has shown that integrating new materials has greatly improved the stability, specificity, and selectivity of in‐textile sensors. For example, polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber produced a highly stretchable sensor to measure ECG readings during movement without losing data quality. This review discusses a group of nanomaterial‐based in‐textile sensors for consumer use in the home, workplace, and healthcare environments. This review will focus on exploring and analyzing the latest developments in these nanomaterial‐based e‐textiles due to their ability to be more easily integrated for daily use and their great potential for medical applications. Future work will be necessary to incorporate recycled materials, improve the method of powering these sensors, and ultimately refine the designs to be appropriate for more sustainable use.

All-Textile Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on 3D Knitted Fabric Electrode for Wearable Applications.

Flexible, air permeable and elastic self-powered sensors for human motion monitoring and assisted medical rehabilitation have recently become a hot research topic. However, most current piezoelectric sensors can not account for many characteristics. Addressing this challenge, an all-textile piezoelectric sensor (ATPS) based on 3D structured knitted fabric electrodes is reported. The ATPS consists of a piezoelectric element polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane, flexible knitted fabric electrodes, and an elastic self-adhesive bandage. Based on the flexible and efficient knitting technology, the sensor has the advantages of low cost, flexibility, simple structure, and convenient large-area manufacturing. Experimental and finite element simulation results show that the knitting pattern of fabric electrodes can enhance the piezoelectric output of ATPS. The optimal ATPS has a high voltage response sensitivity of up to 0.68 V/kPa. The proposed ATPS responds to a wide range of input forces from 0.098 to 724 N in self-powered mode, verifying its feasibility as a tactile sensor for human motion detection and recognition (throat swallowing, wrist bending, elbow bending, knee bending, walking slowly, running fast) and as a pressure sensor (Morse code, digit recognition) and demonstrating its potential for motion tracking, medical rehabilitation, and human-computer interaction.

A novel centrifugal electrospinning design for preparing of high alignment β-phase PVDF nanofibers for high-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators

The effects of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) wt. % and electric fields on the production of PVDF fibers using a novel centrifugal electrospinning design were investigated. High-quality, bead-free fibers with diameter of (0.55 ± 0.04) μm were successfully produced. Fibers with exceptionally high β-phase content of 96.1 % and piezoelectric coefficient, d33 of (−157 ± 5) pC N−1 were obtained using PVDF amount and electric field of 14.0 wt % and 400 V cm−1, respectively. Under 3.0 N repetitive vertical forces, the fabricated piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) exhibited impressive open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and power density of (32.6 ± 0.7) V, (3.26 ± 0.07) μA and (15.4 ± 0.6) μW cm⁻2, respectively. The production of high and well aligned β-phase in the fibers indicated by good d33 values are the likely reasons for the excellent performance of the PENG. Ultimately, potential of the fabricated PENG as a self-power supply for low-energy electronic devices was demonstrated.

Flexible pressure sensor based on thermoplastic polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membranes

The mechanical flexibility of flexible sensors primarily originates from sensitive flexible materials. Therefore, the key to developing new flexible mechanical sensors lies in constructing high-performance sensitive flexible materials. In this study, we employ a coaxial electrostatic spinning technique to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membranes (NFM) with a core–shell structure for the construction of flexible piezoelectric mechanosensors. The utilization of TPU/PVDF NFM in flexible mechanosensors for human health monitoring and environmental sensing is investigated. As a result, the excellent performance of this composite membrane was demonstrated by its high mechanical strength and flexibility, resulting in high sensitivity (GF: 0.42 V/kPa), low response time (100 ms), and wide sensing range (0.2∼5.0 kPa). Additionally, The TPU/PVDF NFM not only demonstrates excellent pressure sensing performance but also exhibits exceptional capabilities for human body sensing applications. Therefore, these results highlight that the TPU/PVDF NFM exhibits excellent pressure-sensing properties and holds significant potential for applications in the fields of flexible robotics and wearable devices such as human-computer interfaces, intelligent healthcare systems, and artificial intelligence skin technologies.

Hierarchical PVDF/ZnO/Ag/ZIF-8 nanofiber membrane used in trace-level Raman detection of H2S

surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of gases has always been difficult due to the low affinity and poor Raman cross section of the moving molecules. To mitigate the impact of these problems on detection of gases, a structure of zinc oxide/silver nanowires coated with zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZnO NWs/Ag/ZIF-8) was constructed on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber membrane (PVDF/ZnO NWs/Ag/ZIF-8) and in detail researched in this work. Benefitting from the quadruple synergistic effect of efficient Knudsen diffusion of gas molecules inside ZIF-8, enrichment of ZIF-8 microsponges for gaseous molecules, regulation of ZIF-8 dielectric layer for light and reverse light scattering of ZnO NW/Ag tip, the structure was proven to have precise co-confinement on both hot spots and gaseous molecules. As a result, this PVDF/ZnO NWs/Ag/ZIF-8 achieved excellent detection for hydrogen sulfide (H2S), with a limit of detection of 1 × 10−10 v/v and the minimum relative standard deviation value of ca. 7.13 %. Furthermore, as a proof of concept, in practical application, we designed and assembled our substrate (3.5 cm × 3.5 cm) into a SERS face mask and realized efficient monitoring of H2S in human’s exhaled breath.

Fabrication of nanofiber yarns via electro-blown and hang-fiber process

Continuous nanofiber yarns were prepared using the electro-blown and hanging yarn process. Unlike typical electrospinning devices, this method uniquely controls the spinning process to induce the hanging phenomenon, and the resulting hanging yarn is twisted to form nanofiber yarns. A polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber yarn was successfully prepared using the electro-blown and hanging yarn process. Scanning electron microscopy observations confirmed that the nanofibers prepared by this method exhibited good orientation within the yarn. The results indicate that the conductivity of the polymer solution and the applied voltage are crucial for inducing the hanging yarn process, ensuring stable continuous spinning. A possible mechanism is proposed, suggesting that adjusting the solution’s conductivity and controlling the spinning voltage can utilize defects in the yarn-hanging process during spinning to prepare nanofiber yarns.

Contact-electro-catalysis for degradation of trace antibiotics in wastewater

Antibiotic contamination of water bodies is a major concern in environmental management. Despite their superior efficacy in antibiotic removal, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have yet to be widely adopted owing to their substantial cost associated with the large amounts of chemicals required. In this study, a novel contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) process with reusable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles as a trigger catalyst was applied to replace traditional AOPs, and it was able to degrade three typical antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole [SMX], ciprofloxacin [CIP], and tetracycline [TET]) in the secondary effluent of a wastewater treatment plant for the first time. The PTFE particles at a concentration of 0.8 g/L were introduced into antibiotic solutions with an antibiotic concentration of 1 mg/L, and the removal rates of SMX, CIP, and TET after a 90-min operation time reached 50 %, 80 %, and 90 %, respectively. Our findings revealed that the CEC reaction generated ●OH and 1O2, contributing substantially to antibiotic degradation. Thus, new reactive oxygen species generation mechanisms during the CEC process were proposed. Furthermore, we fabricated polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membranes using electrospinning to recycle PTFE particles, where a nearly 100 % recovery rate through dead-end filtration was realized with a high water flux of 7.5 m3/(m2∙h). The results of this study provide a promising approach for antibiotic removal from wastewater.

Process Investigation on Robust Electrospinning of Non-Aligned and Aligned Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofiber Mats for Flexible Piezoelectric Sensors.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber mats have played a significant role in wearable electronic devices that have been in great demand in recent decades. Although manifold PVDFbased freely stacked or well-aligned nanofiber mats created via the electrospinning process have been demonstrated to achieve multisensory capabilities with high sensitivity and long detection range, rarely have any of them proved their ability with a stable process and accurate processing parameters. In this work, we successfully developed freely stacked and well-aligned PVDF nanofiber mats with diameters ranging from micrometers to nanometers, providing stable performance for wearable electronic devices. Through in-depth investigations into material preparation, electrospinning, and fiber collection processes, we revealed the relationship between the nanofiber morphology, β-phase fraction, and piezoelectric output with various process parameters. Characterized by analytical methods, we have established a mature, reliable nanofiber mat fabrication system capable of mass-producing PVDF nanofibers with the required diameter and consistent properties. At 18 kV voltage and 60% RH humidity, the uniformity of the fiber diameter and β-phase content was maintained in a favorable range. When the drum speed increased to 2000 r/s, the fiber orientation and β-phase content increased. We assembled aligned PVDF nanofiber mats with conductive fabric in a flexible piezoelectric sensor that successfully monitored different body movements and produced an output voltage of 0.1 V. This study provides the necessary process parameters for the large-scale production of high-quality PVDF nanofiber mats and provides clear guidance for beginners in the field of nanofiber mat manufacturing.

Optimization Thickness of Photoanode Layer and Membrane as Electrolyte Trapping Medium for Improvement Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) are photovoltaic devices that contain a dye that acts as a solar light acceptor. The use of dyesensitized solar cells to solve increasing energy demand and environmental problems still results in low efficiency values. In this study, optimization of DSSC components was carried out to increase DSSC efficiency by varying the thickness of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor photoanode layer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) trap electrolyte membrane, and polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber (PVDF NF) to obtain the optimum thickness. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results of membrane thickness variation and titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor photoanode coating showed the formation of nanofiber fibers composed of three-dimensional, porous, and diameter networks connected to the PVDF NF membrane. The increase in density and decrease in pore size, along with an increase in thickness and cracking as the TiO2 photoanode semiconductor layer increases, affect the electron transport rate of the DSSC. The higher particle density level will inhibit the electron transport rate, so it can reduce the efficiency of DSSC. The optimum thickness of the TiO2 semiconductor layer and PVDF NF electrolyte membrane of 0.20 mm and 0.35 mm can produce values, voltage, fill factor current density, and electrical efficiency of 500 mV, 2.7 x 10−3 mA.cm−2, 1.80%, and 2.40%, respectively.

PVDF/fluorescent carbon dots electrospun nanofibers with synergistic dipole alignment and multifunctional sensing applications

The development of novel multifunctional materials has been attracting continuous attention in recent years. In this work, fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with a designed quasi-molecular structure were introduced into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers to realize electro-mechano-photoluminescence coupling effects. The N-H and O-H groups in the CDs formed hydrogen bonds with C-F groups in PVDF, which not only ensured the uniform arrangement of the CDs in the nanofiber matrix, but also facilitated the polarization of the PVDF. The β phase in PVDF was improved from 80% to 86% by doping of the CDs. Moreover, due to the asymmetric molecular structure of the carbon dot, it possessed an intrinsic dipole moment of 4.62 Debye. The self-assembly of the CDs on the nanofibers with a similar energy-favorable conformation improved the long-range spatial ordering in the nanocomposite. The CDs could also act as working dipoles, and contributed to the piezoelectric output of the whole device. Under a repeated finger imparting, the output voltage was enhanced from 6 V of the pure PVDF to 15 V of the nanocomposite. Furthermore, the CDs endowed the fiber with fluorescence capacity. The composite nanofiber exhibited bright fluorescence with excellent homogeneity. Through monitoring of the fluorescent intensity, visualized strain sensing and information encryption could be realized, which showed high potential of the nanofiber as a multifunctional nanocomposite.