Aqueous Solution Of Polyvinyl Alcohol Research Articles

Vapor phase-grown TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles inside electrospun polymer fibers and their calcination-induced organization

The spatial organization of metal oxide nanoparticles represents an important factor in the chemical utilization of resulting structures. For the production of networks that are composed of metal oxide nanoparticle chains, we dispersed vapor phase-grown TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles homogeneously in an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution. After electrospinning, we analyzed the sizes and diameters of the compositionally homogeneous electrospun fibers and discussed the size distribution and morphology of the nanoparticles inside. Calcination-induced polymer removal gives rise to self-supported nanoparticle-based nanofibers. Particle coarsening by a factor of ~ 2 for TiO2 and ~ 3 for ZnO nanoparticles is observed.Graphical abstract

Synthesis of copolymer nanocomposite by in situ intercalative polymerization for batch and fixed bed adsorption

AbstractPartially neutralized acrylic acid (AA)/sodium acrylate (NaAA) and N, N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were subjected to intercalative copolymerization in aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the presence of sodium montmorillonite (NaMMT) nano clay to prepare filled semi‐interpenetrating network (FSIPN) type composite polymer networks. Filled Full IPN (FFIPN) composites were prepared in a similar way by additional crosslinking of PVA with maleic acid (MA) crosslinker. The polymers were characterized with FTIR, NMR, XRD, TGA, SEM, EDAX, TEM, XPS, DLS, PZC, and pH reversibility test. The synthesis variables were optimized with respect to batch adsorption of 100 mg/L each of methyl violet (MV) and congo red (CR) dye as response using the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The FFIPN prepared from polyacrylic acid (PAA)/sodium polyacrylate containing PVA/Clay/MBA/MA of optimized composition of 4/1.5/0.75/4 (wt.% of AA/NaAA), respectively, showed an optimized adsorption (mg/g adsorbent) of 459.16/417.31 of MV/CR as single dye and 438.01/417.31 of MV/CR in 1:1 binary mixtures of 100 mg/L feed concentration. The FFIPN showed an adsorption (mg/g) of 41.54/37.61 and removal% of 88.5/80.12 at a feed flow rate, bed height, and feed inlet concentration of 20 mL/min, 20 mm, and 50 mg/L, respectively.

Design of TDI modified oil‐in‐water emulsion and its application in explosive ink

AbstractIn order to solve the short stabilization time of the water‐in‐oil emulsion binder system and the shortcomings of the critical blast size of the explosive ink molding sample, a water‐in‐oil emulsion binder was designed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution as the aqueous phase, fluorocarbon resin (FEVE) ethyl acetate solution as the oil phase, and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) added to modify the water‐in‐oil emulsion binder. The hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL‐20)based explosive ink was made by incorporating submicron CL‐20 into the binder system, and the print‐formed samples were tested for microscopic morphology, crystallographic analysis, mechanical susceptibility, and detonation transmission performance. The results showed that the explosive ink‘s viscosity was moderate and suitable for direct printing, and the formed sample‘s surface particles were uniformly dispersed and had a honeycomb structure. The crystal form of CL‐20 explosive in the explosive ink did not change, the molded sample‘s impact and frictional sensitivities were 1 J and 32 N lower than those of submicron CL‐20, respectively, and the detonation velocity of the molded sample was 6655 m/s. The critical detonation size and critical detonation thickness were 1×0.0078 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively, and a critical detonation corner turning of 90°–160° could be achieved. The results show that the prepared binder system is stable for a long time, and the explosive ink molding samples have excellent blast transmission performance.

Performance of alkali and Cu-modified ZSM-5 during catalytic ozonation of polyvinyl alcohol in aqueous solution.

A novel hierarchical Cu/ZSM-5 was prepared over alkaline treatment and incipient wet impregnation method for the catalytic ozonation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Under the optimum preparation conditions, hierarchical Cu/ZSM-5 exhibited an excellent mineralization performance during the PVA degradation process, and the removal rate of TOC after 60min of reaction was 47.86%, much higher than that of ozonation alone (5.40%). Its high catalytic activity could attribute to the large pore volume (0.27 cm3/g) and pore size (6.51nm) which are beneficial for the distribution of loaded copper and adsorption performance for PVA. Compared to ·OH, 1O2 (2.66 times in 10min) contributed more to the removal of PVA. The degradation of PVA was a combined process of direct ozone oxidation, catalytic ozonation and adsorption. With its high catalytic performance and stability, hierarchical Cu/ZSM-5 has a very broad application prospect in the process of catalytic ozonation of refractory pollutants.

Enhancing moisture-electric power generation through in situ incorporation of carbon dots into polyelectrolyte membrane

The electric generation performance of traditional polyelectrolyte membrane with moisture usually fall far behind expectations due to its limited hydrophilic groups and poor directional transport capacity of protons. To this end, we introduce the suspension of carbon dots (CDs) prepared by selective oxidation etching of coal pitch with the mixture of formic acid and H2O2 under ambient temperature into the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(4-styrensulfonic acid) (PSS) to fabricate a novel hybrid membrane. This membrane (1.00 cm2) continuously delivers a voltage output of 0.83 V with a short-circuit current of 5.20 μA under proper moist conditions over a prolonged period, outperforming the power generation performance of the pristine membrane and many current moisture-enabled electric generation (MEG) devices. Moreover, CDs endow the polymer membrane with more superior mechanical properties, in favor of processing and scale integration for higher power output. With excess hydrophilic groups provided by as-prepared CDs’ suspension, the denser hydrogen-bond network can be formed in the membrane and facilitates water adsorption and the formation of a higher proton concentration gradient. CDs-induced bridging interactions between PSS chains pave a fast directional transport pathway for moveable protons, resulting in a remarkable power output. Accordingly, this work offers a facile and economic method for remoulding traditional polyelectrolyte membrane to conduct highly efficient MEG for practical applications.

Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol in aqueous solution by Cu2O@TiO2: Optimization of conditions, mechanisms and toxicity analysis

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a water-soluble synthetic polymer, is one of the most prevalent non-native polyvinyl alcohols found in the environment. Due to its inherent invisibility, its potential for causing severe environmental pollution is often underestimated. To achieve efficient degradation of PVA in wastewater, a Cu2O@TiO2 composite was synthesized through the modification of titanium dioxide with cuprous oxide, and its photocatalytic degradation of PVA was investigated. The Cu2O@TiO2 composite, supported by titanium dioxide, facilitated photocarrier separation and demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency. Under alkaline conditions, the composite exhibited a 98% degradation efficiency for PVA solutions and a 58.7% PVA mineralization efficiency. Radical capture experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses revealed that superoxide radicals primarily drive the degradation process within the reaction system. Throughout the degradation process, PVA macromolecules are broken down into smaller molecules, including ethanol, and compounds containing aldehyde, ketone, and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although the intermediate products exhibit reduced toxicity compared to PVA, they still pose certain toxic hazards. Consequently, further research is necessary to minimize the environmental impact of these degradation products.

Heavy metal ions incorporated within strippable PVA-TTA polymeric matrix detected by colorimetry and vibrational spectroscopies

We report the synthesis and characterization of a novel strippable polymeric matrix of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solutions embedded with 2-thenoyl trifluoroacetone (TTA) organic ligand for decontamination of heavy metal ions. The TTA-containing polymeric matrix was applied to several contaminated surfaces comprising various concentrations of UO22+, Cu2+, Fe3+ and Cs+ contaminants. Except for Cs+, the contaminants were found to interact with the ligand contained in the polymeric matrix, accompanied by a consequent indicative strong color change, specific to the metal contaminant. The dried coating is easily exfoliated leaving the surface decontaminated. ATR-IR and Raman spectroscopies were also applied, showing a clear spectroscopic signature of each metal contaminant, in particular when contained in a mixed ion solution. All in all, the utilization of vibrational spectroscopies is shown to provide important complementary detection signatures that are otherwise vague when surfaces comprising trace amounts of contaminants, lacking color responsive behavior, are involved.

An investigation on the microscale detonation transmission performance of HMX-based explosive ink

ABSTRACT To investigate the effect of Octogen (HMX) in the application of microscale explosive transfer sequence charges. In this paper, we designed and formulated four kinds of explosive inks with different solid contents using submicron HMX as the main explosive and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution / fluorocarbon resin (FEVE) ethyl acetate solution emulsion as the binder system, studied the effect of solid content on the rheological properties of explosive inks, conducted micro loading studies using a direct ink writing molding platform, The morphology, safety performance and explosion transmission performance of the microscale printed molding samples were tested and analyzed. The results show that the ink containing 90 wt.% HMX explosive has the largest n value, has good printability, smooth surface of the molded sample, consistent, uniform particle dispersion inside the line; HMX crystalline type is still β type; critical impact energy and critical friction of the printed sample compared to the raw HMX increased by 114% and 100% respectively, critical impact energy compared to CL-20-based explosive ink printed sample increased by 67%, indicating that the printed samples have a high safety under the Mechanical Sensitivity. The detonation velocity of the printed sample is 6902 m·s−1 at a charge cross-section size of 1 mm × 1 mm. The critical detonation thickness of the printed sample is 1 × 0.095 mm, Can be stable under the corner of not more than 120 ° detonation.The results of the study show that HMX as the main charge can improve the wide applicability of direct-written explosive ink.

Large-Scale and Highly Efficient Production of Ultrafine PVA Fibers by Electro-Centrifugal Spinning for NH3 Adsorption.

Ultrafine Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers have an outstanding potential in various applications, especially in absorbing fields. In this manuscript, an electrostatic-field-assisted centrifugal spinning system was designed to improve the production efficiency of ultrafine PVA fibers from PVA aqueous solution for NH3 adsorption. It was established that the fiber production efficiency using this self-designed system could be about 1000 times higher over traditional electrospinning system. The produced PVA fibers establish high morphology homogeneity. The impact of processing variables of the constructed spinning system including rotation speed, needle size, liquid feeding rate, and voltage on fiber morphology and diameter was systematically investigated by SEM studies. To acquire homogeneous ultrafine PVA fiber membranes, the orthogonal experiment was also conducted to optimize the spinning process parameters. The impact weight of different studied parameters on the spinning performance was thus provided. The experimental results showed that the morphology of micro/nano-fibers can be well controlled by adjusting the spinning process parameters. Ultrafine PVA fibers with the diameter of 2.55 μm were successfully obtained applying the parameters, including rotation speed (6500 rpm), needle size (0.51 mm), feeding rate (3000 mL h-1), and voltage (20 kV). Furthermore, the obtained ultrafine PVA fiber mat was demonstrated to be capable of selectively adsorbing NH3 gas relative to CO2, thus making it promising for NH3 storage and other environmental purification applications.

Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Stretched in Water as a Plasticizer

AbstractStretching of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel in water is investigated to obtain high mechanical properties. PVA crystallization is enhanced by high‐temperature annealing, as is thermal degradation. When the PVA film is annealed above 150 °C, the intensities for the C─H and C─O stretching modes decreased in the infrared spectrum, indicating thermal degradation. For freeze/thaw cycled gel, the microcrystallite is formed as a cross‐linking point. These microcrystallites can be a nucleator during water‐evaporating and annealing processes to obtain the film. Higher crystallinity is obtained when the gel is formed from a high concentration of PVA aqueous solution, such as 20 wt%. Young's modulus and maximum stress annealed at 140 °C after the film is formed during a freeze/thaw cycled gel from a 20% PVA aqueous solution is 15.1 GPa and 220 MPa, respectively. When the film is stretched at room temperature below six‐times stretching, the lamellar orients along the stretching axis without further crystallization. When the oriented film is stretched in water at 50 °C, the film is able to stretch more than seven times because water acted as a plasticizer. The highly oriented PVA, combined with the increase in crystallinity, results in a dramatic improvement in mechanical properties. Both the maximum stress and Young's modulus are as high as 3.2 and 142 GPa, respectively.

Viscosity Factor (VF) Complementary to the Statistical Indicators Associated with the Rheological Behavior of Aqueous Solutions of Polyvinyl Alcohol

The rheological behavior of aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol at 4, 6, 8 and 10% by weight has been studied and evaluated at temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C, using five non-Newtonian fluid models independent of time: Ferrys, Robertson-Stiff, Williamson, Sisko, and Ellis de Haven. The classical method consists in carrying out regression analysis. Using a comparative procedure of determination coefficients and variances, the model that most appropriately adjusts the experimental data to said model is selected. From the statistical point of view, the Sisko and Robertson-Stiff models present better regression parameters; to better specify the choice of the respective rheological model, a new factor has been proposed in the literature, the viscosity factor (VF), which expresses the relationship between apparent and dynamic viscosity. The analysis of this factor for the five models confirms the greater stability of the Ellis de Haven model in terms of the coefficient of variation of the VF. The value of VF fluctuates between 1 and 2 for all ranges of temperature and concentration experienced for vinyl alcohol solutions. As a consequence of the above, for the choice of the non-Newtonian fluid model associated with the rheology of the aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, it is necessary to analyze the statistical parameters and the VF factor simultaneously.

Microfluidic Coupling of Step Emulsification and Deterministic Lateral Displacement for Producing Satellite-Free Droplets and Particles

Step emulsification, which uses a geometry-dependent mechanism for generating uniformly sized droplets, has recently gained considerable attention because of its robustness against flow fluctuations. However, like shear-based droplet generation, step emulsification is susceptible to impurities caused by satellite droplets. Herein, we demonstrate the integration of deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) to separate the main and satellite droplets produced during step emulsification. Step-emulsification nozzles (16 μm deep) in the upstream region of the proposed device were arrayed on the sidewalls of the main channel (91 μm deep). In the downstream region, the DLD micropillars were arrayed periodically with a critical diameter (cut-off value for size-based separation) of 37 μm. When an acrylate monomer and aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution were infused as the dispersed and continuous phases, respectively, the nozzles produced monodisperse main droplets in the dripping regime, with an average diameter of ~60 μm, coefficient of variation (CV) value below 3%, and satellite droplets of ~3 μm. Upon entering the DLD region near the sidewall, these main and satellite droplets were gradually separated through the pillars based on their sizes. Finally, off-chip photopolymerization yielded monodisperse polymeric microspheres with an average diameter of 55 μm and a CV value of 2.9% (n = 202).

Black Tea Extracts/Polyvinyl Alcohol Active Nanofibers Electrospun Mats with Sustained Release of Polyphenols for Food Packaging Applications

The efficiency in the capabilities to store and release antioxidants depends on the film morphology and its manufacturing process, as well as on the type and methodology used to obtain the polyphenol extracts. Here, hydroalcoholic extracts of black tea polyphenols (BT) were obtained and dropped onto different polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solutions (water or BT aqueous extract with and without citric acid, CA) to obtain three unusual PVA electrospun mats containing polyphenol nanoparticles within their nanofibers. It was shown that the mat obtained through the nanoparticles precipitated in BT aqueous extract PVA solution presented the highest total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity, and that the addition of CA as an esterifier or PVA crosslinker interfered with the polyphenols. The release kinetics in different food simulants (hydrophilic, lipophilic and acidic) were fitted using Fick's diffusion law and Peppas' and Weibull's models, showing that polymer chain relaxation is the main mechanism in all food simulants except for the acidic, which presented an abrupt release by Fick's diffusion mechanism of about 60% before being controlled. This research provides a strategy for the development of promising controlled-release materials for active food packaging, mainly for hydrophilic and acidic food products.

Application of Cryogels to the Production of Fuel Briquettes from Finely Dispersed Carbon-Containing Wastes

Methods for producing fuel briquettes with various finely dispersed fillers of natural and industrial origin, which are capable of oxidation (combustion) reactions, are described. It was established that elastic polymeric bodies, into which finely dispersed fillers of a hydrocarbon nature were preliminarily introduced, were formed after a freeze–thaw cycle of the aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol. Samples of fuel briquettes with a calorific value of 14.2 to 28.8 MJ/kg and a compressive strength of 2.14 to 2.9 MP were obtained for the associated utilization of industrial waste.

Flow rheology of light foams generated from aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol

Recent studies have shown that foam-assisted application of additives into a wet web has advantages over the conventional way of adding the chemicals into the pulp suspension before forming, e.g., increased mechanical retention as well as high dosage giving increased wet strength without impairing the sheet uniformity. To engineer processes utilizing this new technology, the complex flow behavior of applied foams must be quantified. At the minimum, the foam viscosity and the slip velocity at the solid surfaces need to be known to build practical models that can be used in analyzing and upscaling unit processes of the foam-assisted application. In this study, the rheological behavior was quantified for foams having polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), a widely used strength additive chemical, as the surfactant. The foam density was varied between 100 g/L and 300 g/L, and the concentration of the PVOH solution was varied between 0.5% and 6.0% (w/w). The foams were generated with a commercial foam generator, and the rheological properties of the foams were measured by using a horizontal pipe bank. At the outlet from the generator, the volumetric flow rate, the absolute pressure, and the bubble size distribution of the foam were measured. In the measurement pipe section, the viscous pressure gradient and the slip velocity were measured, after which the foam was discharged to ambient air pressure. The viscosity and the dynamic surface tension of the PVOH solutions were quantified with commercial laboratory devices. In the viscosity analysis, the apparent shear rate was calculated from the volumetric flow rate, and the resulting apparent viscosity was translated to real material viscosity data by applying the Weissenberg-Rabinowitsch correction. The results indicated that PVOH foams can be described with high accuracy as shear-thinning power-law fluids where the detailed behavior depends on the foam density and the PVOH concentration. Slip flow, as usual, increased with increasing wall shear stress, but it was also dependent on the PVOH concentration, the air content, and the bubble size. For both the foam viscosity and the slip flow, a correlation was found that described the quantitative behavior of all the studied foams with good accuracy.

Organic solvent-free constructing of stable zeolitic imidazolate framework functional layer enhanced by halloysite nanotubes and polyvinyl alcohol on polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes for treating dyeing wastewater

In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) loose nanofiltration (NF) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by constructing ZIF-8 functional layer on the PVDF supporting membranes based on the vacuum-assisted assembly process. The ZIF-8 synthesis was completed in a water system, and the synthesized ZIF-8 suspension was directly added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) aqueous solution system without drying to prepare the casting solution, which could solve the agglomeration and poor dispersion problem of ZIF-8 particles. In addition, the embedded HNTs and the loaded PVA among the ZIF-8 layer could improve the bonding strength between the ZIF-8 layer and the supporting membranes. After constructing ZIF-8 functional layer, the pore size of supporting membranes decreased from more than 300 nm to several nanometers. Furthermore, the water contact angle reduced from 91.1° to 54.2°. Applied to treat dye wastewater, the prepared ZIF-8/PVDF membranes maintained high dye rejection (˃99.0 %) for Congo red (CR), but low salt rejection for NaCl (about 2 %). In addition, the flux could reach 21.6 L m-2h−1 after continuous filtration 360 min, exhibiting a potential for treating the dye/salt wastewater. In particular, there were no organic solvents used in the work, which provided a promising idea for solvent-free fabrication of loose NF membranes.

Bionic artificial penile Tunica albuginea

Bionic artificial penile Tunica albuginea

Study of spatial organisation of magnetic field directed gold-pickering-ferrofluid-nanoemulsion in spin coated film

The magnetic field directed self-assembly of the nanoparticles is cheap, fast and easy method to prepare the patterned thin film useful for various applications. However, the dipole-dipole interaction between nanoparticles at the interface generates the rough-edged patterns even at microscale causing the excess optical scattering making it unsuitable for the optical applications. In this work, the magnetic field was applied during the spin coating of the Polyethylene glycol 40S (PEG) capped Gold-Pickering ferrofluid nanoemulsion (PEG-C-GM-FF) dispersed in aqueous Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution with different viscosities. Optimised combination of spinning speed and magnetic field strength was achieved to prepare the film with the straight chains of PEG-C-GM-FF required for the optical applications. It is a quick, cost-effective, non-intrusive and simple method for achieving a thin layered array of chains with tuneable gaps between them. The image analysis revealed that the Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) representing the PEG-C-GM-FF chain spatial density across the substrate for each aqueous phase viscosity decreases with the increase in the spin speeds at constant magnetic field strength. The FTIR (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy) of the patterned thin film showed that the intensity of the 2927 ​cm−1 vibrational band corresponding to CH bond in PVA was seen to be linearly increasing with the spatial density of the PEG-C-GM-FF chains. In comparison to the gold strip patterns printed with the nanolithography technique; the magnetically aligned array of PEG-C-GM-FF showed a potential for preparing photonic antenna suitable for enhancing the optical absorption and detect low concentration analyte.

Физико-химические характеристики нанокомпозитов Fe3O4/TiO2 и Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2, синтезированных гид-ротермальным пероксидным методом

In the present paper the composite materials based on Fe3O4/TiO2 and Fe3O4/SiO2/TiO2 ox-ides, synthesized by the hydrothermal peroxide method, were studied. At the first stage, magnet-ite nanoparticles were precipitated by ammonium hydroxide from a mixture of aqueous solutions of iron(II) sulfate and iron(III) chloride under continuous exposure to ultrasound, after which they were washed with distilled water. At the second stage, the resulting hydrated magnetite particles were stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by dispersing them under the action of ultrasound in a hot saturated aqueous PVA solution. At the third stage, the photocatalytically active particles based on titanium oxide were introduced into the composite by mixing the stabilized magnetite suspension with an aqueous solution of peroxotitanic acid (optionally introducing a sol of silicic acid), followed by hydrothermal treatment of the mixture at 180°C for 24 hours, washing, and drying under vacuum followed by calcination in a muffle furnace. The effect of the molar content of iron and titanium on the properties of the samples, the introduction of silicon dioxide into them, as well as various calcination temperatures, were studied. The photocatalytic properties of the synthesized samples during photodegradation of methyl orange and methylene blue, as well as their magnetic recovery from suspension, were studied. The physicochemical characterization of the samples was performed using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, low-temperature nitrogen sorption porosimetry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thermal analysis (TG–DSC), combined with mass spectrometry of gaseous thermolysis products. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of composites exhibiting the best combination of photocatalytic and magnetic properties were determined. The resulting photocatalysts can be used to purify water from dyes, followed by extraction using a magnet

Composite Cement Materials Based on β-Tricalcium Phosphate, Calcium Sulfate, and a Mixture of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone Intended for Osteanagenesis

The primary purpose of the study, presented in this article, was to obtain a composite cement material intended for osteanagenesis. The β-tricalcium phosphate powder (β-TCP, β-Ca3(PO4)2) was obtained by the liquid-phase method. Setting and hardening of the cement system were achieved by adding calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH, CaSO4·1/2H2O). An aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and a PVA/PVP mixture were used as a polymer component. The methods of capillary viscometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between polymer components, which determines the good miscibility of polymers. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR methods, and the added amount of polymers does not significantly influence the processes of phase formation and crystallization of the system. The size of crystallites CSD remained in the range of 32-36 nm, regardless of the ratio of polymer components. The influence of the composition of composites on their solubility was investigated. In view of the lower solubility of pure β-TCP, as compared to calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD, CaSO4·2H2O), the solubility of composite materials is determined to a greater degree by the CSD solubility. Complexometric titration showed that the interaction between PVA and PVP impeded the diffusion of calcium ions, and at a ratio of PVA to PVP of 1/1, the smallest exit of calcium ions from the system is observed. The cytotoxicity analysis results allowed us to establish the fact that the viability of human macrophages in the presence of the samples varied from 80% to 125% as compared to the control.