Abstract:Noise pollution is growing in the modern century, with population growth and the advancement of manufacturing, which is the cause of many social and urban anomalies. Also, noise pollution leads to exhaustion and decreased efficiency in the workplace. We first define the sound and its properties in this article, then we discuss polyurethane as one of the most significant members of the polymer family and we examine polyurethane foams among the different types of polyurethane. Sound is a mechanical wave that requires transmitting through an environment. Polymers minimize and remove wave energy by viscous loss due to their viscoelastic properties, especially their viscous regions, and absorb sound. The literature review showed that adding nanoparticles improves the properties of polyurethane foam, especially the acoustic properties of polyurethane foams. By increasing the sound propagation paths through the polymer sample, these nanoparticles increase the likelihood of sound wave attenuation through viscous loss. These nanoparticles are classified into various forms according to the aspect ratio, like plate-like nanoparticles such as graphene and graphene oxide, nanotubes containing carbon nanotubes, and particulate nanoparticles containing metal oxides such as zinc oxide, and nano clays that have been examined by many researchers in polyurethane foam samples to study the effect of each nanoparticle on sound absorption.