Polymer-bitumen Binder Research Articles

Investigation of the Bitumen Modification Process Regime Parameters Influence on Polymer-Bitumen Bonding Qualitative Indicators

The objects of this study are petroleum road bitumen and polymeric bituminous binder for road surfaces obtained by polymer materials. The subject of the study is monitoring the polymer-bitumen binder quality changes as a result of varying the bitumen modification process. The purpose of the work is to identify the patterns of the modification process and build a mathematical model that provides the ability to calculate and select technological equipment. It is shown that the polymer-bitumen binder production with specified quality parameters can be ensured in apparatuses with agitators in turbulent mode without the colloidal mills use. Bitumen mix and modifying additives limiting indicators which can be used as restrictions in the form of mathematical model inequalities are defined. A mathematical model for the polymer-bitumen binder preparation has been developed and its adequacy has been confirmed.

Polymer-Bitumen Binder Based Multifunctional Material

The relevance of this paper is based on the increasingly larger volumes of reconstruction of buildings and structures and also with the opportunity to use polymer-bitumen binder based multifunctional materials for construction and installation purposes during such works as sealing cracks and hollows in structural elements. The paper provides a summary analysis of the current situation with the use of composite materials to increase the load-bearing capacity of certain structural elements. It discusses the methods for achieving multi-functionality of materials with the use of polymer-bitumen binders. It further details the procedure for the experimental studies conducted to test several composite materials introduced in a liquid polymer-bitumen mass and applied onto an adhesive polymer-bitumen tape, including the following components: graphite powder, graphite grease, cement and a mixture of graphite powder and cement. When assessing the adhesion characteristics of the samples tested, it was found that the best performance was demonstrated by the following composite materials: polymer-bitumen tape with graphite powder and a mixture of graphite powder and cement. Their adhesion characteristics were shown to be relatively equivalent by using the following two testing methods: the tear-off method with a three day holding period, and the instant adhesion measuring method. However, composite materials with a liquid polymer-bitumen basis failed to produce the desirable results. The authors are of the view that in this case the given adhesion power parameters can be achieved through changing the structure of the materials.

Study of Deformation and Failure of Bitumens for Asphalt Mixtures under Dynamic Loads

The work presents results of the experimental study of dynamic compression of various modifications of bitumen: bitumen 40/60, polymer-bitumen binder and rubber bitumen. The tests were carried out using the Kolsky method. The tests were conducted for the sample temperature of-15 and 20 °C. It is shown that polymer modifier and rubber additives have a significant influence on the carrying capacity of the bitumen samples at slow loading, but they do not provide significant advantages in the dynamic tests. Strain rate dependence of maximum compressive stress was obtained for the bitumens. It is shown that this dependence can be predicted by the incubation time criterion. The values of the quasi-static and dynamic strength, characterizing the carrying capacity of bitumen at slow and fast loading, are defined.

Modification of polymer–bitumen binder by lignite humic acids

The positive influence of lignite, charcoal, peat, lignin, and their products on the properties of bitumen and asphalt has been studied extensively. However, nothing is known about the possibility of regulating the performance of bitumen binders and asphalt by means of humic acids extracted from the coal. The present work addresses the use of lignite humic acids to modify polymer–bitumen binder so as to improve its adhesion to acidic mineral filler. The industrial utilization of this applied research calls for additional experiments and the collection of statistical data with an expanded range of lignite humic acids.

Modification of cast asphalt mixtures by Fischer-Tropsch paraffin waxes and various polymers

The modification of polymer–bitumen binders by finely crystalline paraffin waxes produced by the Fischer-Tropsch gasification of coal is considered. Such modification is widely used in highway construction in the United States and Europe. Recently, paraffin waxes (FT paraffins) have become available in Russia. Their distinctive structure proves useful in improving the rheological properties of bitumen. To predict the properties of cast asphalt mixtures, research is conducted not only on the final cast asphalt samples but also on the modified binders based on styrene-butadiene-styrene polymers and Fischer-Tropsch paraffins. The Fischer-Tropsch paraffins may be used to improve the properties of cast asphalt mixtures. The best option identified in this research is PBV 40 binder containing BND 60/90 bitumen, 5.5% LG 501; 3% FNET, and 1.5% Sasobit.

Modification of polymer-bitumen binders by resin from the thermochemical processing of lignite with petroleum sludge

The goal of this research is to find a plasticizer suitable as a replacement for expensive industrial oil, which is used in the preparation of polymer-bitumen binder, without loss of binder performance. The performance of the binders produced on the basis of the proposed plasticizer is assessed experimentally in terms of their penetration, softening temperature, extensibility, and other properties. Their adhesion is evaluated not only on the basis of State Standard GOST 11508-74 but also by the MI 8–85 quantitative method. Analysis of the results indicates that the proposed plasticizer—resin from the processing of lignite with petroleum sludge—may be used to prepare polymer-bitumen binder. Binder 3, containing 85% bitumen, 4% styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer, and 11% resin from the processing of lignite with petroleum sludge, is optimal and complies with State Standard GOST R 52056-2003 in terms of penetration, extensibility, adhesion, softening temperature, and brittleness. Its elasticity may be increased by boosting the content of the polymer modifier. Analysis of test data for the binder after aging (5 h at 160°C) suggests that a three-component bitumen-polymer-plasticizer structure is formed. That is one of the preconditions ensuring that the asphalt concrete produced by means of the polymer-bitumen binder has the required characteristics.

Polymer-Bitumen Binder with the Addition of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this paper regarded the modified polymer-bitumen binder with single walled carbon nanotubes

Choice of polymer-bitumen binders for cast asphalt concrete mixes

Modification of bitumen with Kraton D1101 and D1192, Luprene LG 411 and 501, and DST-30-01 polymeric additives and the effect of these additives on the properties of cast asphalt concrete mixes were studied.

Tar-based polymer-bitumen binder for road construction

The possibility of getting polymer-bitumen binders (PBB) based on straight-run tar (heavy resid) has been studied. It is shown that tar-based PBB composite is characterized by improved performance properties and reduced materials consumption for their production.

Viscosity of polymer-bitumen binders

Polymer–bitumen binders for the highway engineering were obtained by the addition of a ternary ethylene–propylene rubber to a bitumen. The addition of a vulcanizing agent to a polymer–bitumen composition caused the structuring of the system through cross-linking of rubber molecules in the bitumen matrix that was confirmed by the study of structural viscosity of the polymer–bitumen compositions, as well as molecular mobility by the methods of NMR-relaxation and pulsed field gradient NMR-relaxation (self-diffusion).

BRITTLENESS OF ORGANIC BINDERS AFTER REPEATED TENSION AT NEGATIVE TEMPERATURES

ABSTRACT Under real conditions of road pavement operation the films of organic binders are subjected to repeated tensile deformations, in particular, at negative temperatures. In the paper, an attempt to use Fraas apparatus not only for determining the brittleness temperature of binders but also for estimating their long-term strengths at negative temperatures under conditions of repeated tension at bending has been realized. One has investigated bitumens of BND 40/60; 60/90; 90/130 grades and polymer bitumen binders on their base with 2.0; 3.5; 5.0% of block copolymer of SBS type and of DST-30R-01 grade and 20% of plasticizer-industrial oil. For all specimens the Fraas brittleness temperature and also the temperature at which a binder layer on the metal plate cannot withstand 200 cycles of bending tension without developing a large crack have been determined. For bitumens this temperature is 5 to 7°C higher than the corresponding britteness temperature. A polymer bitumen layer withstands 200 cycles of bending tension at the temperature which is 1°C higher than the corresponding Fraas brittleness temperature. The Fraas temperature of the pre-loaded specimen decreases in specific cases by 20°C. It is shown that the crack resistance of polymer bitumen binders is significantly higher and that of bitumens is lower than it is expected according to the procedure of determining the Fraas brittleness temperature. The crack resistanse of the polymer-bitumen binder specimens in the process of loading at negative temperatures increases.

New simplified equation for the computation of absolute viscosity of polymer-bitumens

Polymer-bitumens constitute non-Newtonian pseudoplastic systems showing two Newtonian regions. To analyze the relationship of polymer-bitumen binder properties and the behaviour of a road pavement under traffic load, the absolute viscosity of the binder may be applied,i.e. viscosity under zero-shear stress conditions. This paper presents a new equation to compute absolute visocisity from measurements conducted with a rotational viscometer. The equation is a simplified form of a four-parameter CROSS equation. The meaning of the equation's parameters is also discussed. The analysis shows a great variety of characteristics in the polymer-bitumens tested. Precision of analysis and computation of parameters depend on the measuring conditions. To improve precision, the measureing device should allow measuring viscosity as close to zero-shear conditions as possible.

Quality change and structural damage of polymer-bitumen binders during road construction

Quality change and structural damage of polymer-bitumen binders during road construction