Polyhouse Conditions Research Articles

Standardization of GA3 and biomix concentrations for survival and economics of softwood grafts in sapota Cv. Kalipatti under polyhouse conditions

Standardization of GA3 and biomix concentrations for survival and economics of softwood grafts in sapota Cv. Kalipatti under polyhouse conditions

Response of foliar application of cow-urine and nitrogen fixing bacterial inoculants on quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) cv. White crystal grown under naturally ventilated polyhouse condition

Response of foliar application of cow-urine and nitrogen fixing bacterial inoculants on quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) cv. White crystal grown under naturally ventilated polyhouse condition

Ammonium Molybdate: A Potential Bioregulator for Improving Curd Yield and Quality in Broccoli

To study the influence of foliar feeding of Boric acid, Ammonium molybdate, Gibberelic acid, Zinc sulphate and Triacontanol on curd yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea Var. Italica) under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions during rabi season of 2020-21 at College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem. The experiment consists of 15 treatments laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Ammonium molybdate @0.40% significantly increased the curd weight, diameter, length and total yield per plot. Foliar application of GA3@75ppm+ Boric acid @ 0.40% + Ammonium molybdate @ 0.40% increase the ascorbic acid content. High to moderately compact curds observed in the treatments T1 (Boric acid @ 0.25%), T6 (Ammonium molybdate @ 0.50%) and T8 (Boric acid @ 0.50% + Ammonium molybdate @0.50%).

Information needs of farmers on cultivation of salad cucumber Cucumis sativus under polyhouse

The conventional practice of crop production is now giving its way to hi-tech farming practices. Salad cucumber (Cucumis sativus), is a relatively new crop in Kerala and has proven yield benefit under polyhouse conditions. The study intended to assess the information needs of farmers regarding various technical and cultivation aspects of salad cucumber production under polyhouse. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (W) and mean values were used to identify the information needs. Most of the cultivation aspects fell under either the ‘highly essential’ or ‘moderately needed’ information category. The technical aspects of construction, maintenance and repair of polyhouse were the most critical information need of farmers along with the specifics of fertilizers for polyhouse and fertigation system. Pests, diseases and nutrient deficiency problems were also the main concerns of farmers. Weed management and pollination, with low mean scores were among the least felt information need. Hence, these aspects are also found to be among essential needs. The study elucidated that an efficient information delivery system through appropriate channels is required to boost polyhouse cultivation of vegetables in Kerala.

Augmented screening of sunflower inbreds for Alternariaster leaf blight diseaseunder polyhouse conditions

A total of 206 sunflower inbreds were screened for Alternariaster leaf blight resistance under poly house conditions. The results showed that eight sunflower inbreds including maintainer line, prebred lines and restorer linesviz., HA24B, PB-898, PB-904, PB-205, PB-905, ID-32, PB-889, RGP-278-2 showed tolerant reaction to Alternariaster leaf blight and able to set good seeds under high pathogen pressure.

Studies on Performance of Vegetative & Floral Parameters of Different Varieties under Polyhouse Condition

The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with ten cultivars and replicated thrice. The cultivars used in the experiment of Rose viz., Top Secret (T1), Jumelia (T2), Avalanche (T3), Gold Strike (T4), Revival (T5), Naranga (T6), Solaire (T7), Hot Shot (T8), Volcano (T9) and Peach Avalanche (T10). The maximum number of leaves per 10 cm middle shoot length (5.01), longest flower stalk length (59.50 cm) maximum stem girth (0.73 cm), was recorded significantly in Top Secret (T1). Earliest first bud initiation (27.01 days) & earliest first harvest (32.37 days) were recorded in Revival (T5) and maximum fresh weight of flower (43.95 g).

Effect of growth regulators on the growth and yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) under polyhouse condition

The experiment has been conducted to resolve the poor partitioning of dry matter towards rhizome by using plant growth regulators (PGRs). Therefore, two pot culture experiments were conducted during 2020-22 using the variety IISR Varada to investigate the effects of foliar application of PGRs (6-BAP, cycocel, GA3 and PBZ at five different concentrations viz. control, 50ppm, 100ppm,150ppm and 200ppm in three replications) on growth and yield. The experiment was laid out in Factorial CRD design under polyhouse condition. The results revealed that 6-BAP at 100ppm significantly increased the number of tillers, secondary rhizomes, tertiary rhizomes, length, diameter of rhizomes, and rhizome yield (322.3g/ plant) which is 240% more than the control.

Growth and Productivity of Capsicum as Influenced by Mineral Nutrients and Nanomaterials under Polyhouse Conditions

Growth and Productivity of Capsicum as Influenced by Mineral Nutrients and Nanomaterials under Polyhouse Conditions

Dissipation kinetics, decontamination, consumer risk assessment and monitoring of flonicamid and imidacloprid residues in capsicum under open field and polyhouse condition.

Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based detection of flonicamid, imidacloprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid residues was validated and analysed in capsicum fruit, processed products and soil. The standard concentrations (0.0025 to 0.25 μg mL-1) of insecticides had a good linear curve (r2>0.99). Limit of detection and limit of quantification values were 0.0025 and 0.01 mg kg-1, respectively. The accuracy (80.53 to 100.33 %) of capsicum matrices and soil (89.41 to 100.52 %) and precision (RSD <10%) were established. Dissipation of imidacloprid (20 and 40 g a.i. ha-1) and flonicamid (75 and 150 g a.i. ha-1) at single (X) and double dose (2X) was studied under open field and polyhouse conditions. Under open field conditions, the flonicamid and imidacloprid residues persisted with half-life of 1.98, 2.90 days (X) and 2.80, 3.14 (2X) days, respectively. While under polyhouse conditions, the flonicamid and imidacloprid residues persisted with a half-life of 2.84, 3.66 (X) and 3.24, 3.97 (2X) days, respectively. The metabolite, 6-CNA, was not detected in any samples under open field and polyhouse condition. Among decontamination treatments, cooking in boiling water for 10 minutes reduced 78 to 81.60 percent of imidacloprid and flonicamid residues in both doses. The estimated dietary risk assessment of imidacloprid and flonicamid residues (RQ <1) indicated that the risk is within the acceptable limit. In farmgate capsicum samples, residues of flonicamid (7 samples) and imidacloprid (11 samples) were detected. Market samples of capsicum products (powder, flakes and sauce) were not detected with residues of selected insecticides.

Biological control potentials of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) against Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on polyhouse grown parthenocarpic cucumber in North-Western India

The silver leaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), stands out as a highly destructive insect in temperate, tropical, and subtropical regions, inflicting extensive damage to agricultural crops worldwide. Its impact resonates in India, where it has emerged as a formidable pest. Moreover, the excessive use of chemically-derived pesticides has led to the emergence of insect-resistant strains, resulting in environmental pollution and endangering human health. The use of natural enemies is a sustainable and environmentally safe alternative management tactic. The predation potential of green lacewing, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi Esben-Peterson (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on eggs, nymphs and adults of B. tabaci infesting parthenocarpic cucumber grown under polyhouse has been examined here. On cucumber plants, three releases of 2nd instar C. zastrowi sillemi larvae (at one, two and three larvae/plant) were made at 7 days intervals. The release of three larvae/plant resulted in significantly higher predation rate on whitefly population (58.6% on egg, 61.0% on nymph and 32.3% on adult stage of the whitefly) than two or one green lacewing larvae/plant (56.3% on egg, 58.3% on nymph and 30.4% on adult stage of the whitefly & 49.9% on egg, 51.0% on nymph and 24.6% on adult stage of the whitefly, respectively). Significantly higher yields of cucumber were recorded from plots with the release rate of three larvae per plant (2047.9 g/plant). Augmentative biological control of B. tabaci under polyhouse conditions with three weekly releases of 2nd instar C. zastrowi sillemi larvae at three larvae per plant can effectively manage whitefly infestation on parthenocarpic cucumber under polyhouse condition.

Stionic and Environmental Influence on the Success and Survivability of Guava Grafts (Psidium guajava L.)

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to “study the success and survivability of grafts in different scions of guava (Psidium guajava L.) by softwood grafting under different environmental conditions by using different aged rootstocks. The results revealed that, highest graft success (81.33 %) and survivability (62.66 %) was found in the shade net condition at 90 days after softwood grafting. Among the different scions, the highest graft success (84.44 %) and survivability (64.44 %) was registered in Sardar scion variety. However, interaction effect showed that, highest graft success (96.66 %) and survivability (76.66 %) was noticed in Sardar variety of scion under shadenet condition followed by polyhouse condition by using seven months old rootstock.

Clonal propagation and hardening of epiphytic orchids (Aerides multiflora and Rhyncostylis retusa) for sustainable conservation and utilization

The study involves devising an efficient method for in vitro protocorm-based plant production, as well as ex vitro establishment of Aerides multiflora and Rhynchostylis retusa. Both the orchids fall prey to the unscrupulous collection from the wild as they are widely used in the traditional medicinal system. Tissue culture technology can be effectively used for mass production of both the orchid species if the planned methodology is used for transplanting the regenerated plantlets into field conditions. MS medium supplemented with natural additives proved to be most optimal for protocorm development from seed explants (giving an average of 94 % to 97 % germination) and further multiplication while Mitra medium was best suited for complete plantlet regeneration from cultured protocorms. In A. multiflora an average of 3.33 shoots and 2.67 roots per protocorm, and in R. retusa mean number of 4.33 shoots and 3.10 roots per protocorm could be obtained on Mitra medium. Tissue culture raised plantlets of both the orchids were hardened in vitro and then shifted under polyhouse conditions. Peat moss, coconut husk, bark shavings, charcoal, and brick pieces, in varying combinations, were tried for optimal growth. Based on the best plantlet survival rate, 90 % in A. multiflora and 100 % in R. retusa, the growth medium combination of peat moss with charcoal, and bark shavings was selected to be the most optimal for orchid growth when kept at a temperature of 25–30 °C, relative humidity 60–70 %, and periodic watering only to avoid drying. The standardized methodology can be utilized for the field plantation of these two important orchids as a means of conservation and propagation strategy.

Insect Pests of Zucchini and their Natural Enemies

Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) is a trending crop for every health enthusiast today. The market demands for quality zucchini, bearing the best shape and size, free from all blemishes have gone sky high recently. Nevertheless, this cucurbitaceous crop is susceptible to many pests and diseases during its growth period, including its post-harvest life, which bring down the yield both in terms of quality and quantity.The time and intensity of the incidence of the pest varies greatly with crop growth stages. Therefore, an investigation was carried out during 2021-2022, for studying the incidence of various insect pests’ of zucchini and their natural enemies under naturally ventilated polyhouse condition at the experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India. Five insect pests viz., Aleurodicus dispersus Russell, Aphis gossypii Glover, Aulacophora foveicollis Lucus, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett and Pseudodendrothrips species Niwa were found to be very active from October, 2021 till March, 2022. Among them, A. dispersus and A. gossypii caused viral infection (zucchini yellow vein mosaic) in the early vegetative stage whereas B. cucurbitae caused severe damage by distorting and malformation of fruits during the flowering and fruiting stage. Two predators, namely Coccinella transversalis F. and Coccinella septempunctata L. were abundant during the growing period which fed on these insect pests.

Utilizing novel parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbreds for exploiting their heterotic potential under poly-house conditions

Utilizing novel parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) inbreds for exploiting their heterotic potential under poly-house conditions

Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Growth, Yield and Flower Quality of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse Conditions in Prayagraj

A field experiment was executed during November, 2022 to April, 2023 under polyhouse conditions in the Research Field, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The objective was to study the response of foliar application of micronutrients on growth, yield and flower quality of gerbera. The research consisted of three levels of zinc, iron, magnesium (0.2, 0.4, 0.6%). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The results indicated that the treatment T2-Zn@0.4% performed better in all parameters recorded viz., plant height (24.08 cm), plant spread (37.68 cm), days for first bud initiation (73 days), number of flowers per plant (10), stalk length (54.17 cm) and vase life (9 days).

Response of Carnation Varieties (Dianthus caryophyllus) to Mycorrhizal Fungi under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse Conditions in Prayagraj, India

The present investigation entitled, Response of carnation varieties (Dianthus caryophyllus) to mycorrhizal fungi under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions in Prayagraj was conducted at horticulture research field, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P, during the winter season (2022). The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized block design (FRBD) with 3 varieties and 5 VAM treatments in 15 treatments and each replicated thrice. From the present investigation, Variety-3 (Kiro-yellow) treated with 10g VAM per plant performed better for plant height (55.44cm), primary branches (7.22), bud diameter (21.72mm), and yield per plant (5.74). In terms of flower diameter (6.16cm) and vase life (13.33 days) Variety-1 (Cervantes) treated with 10g VAM performed better. In terms of first bud initiation Variety-2 (Baltico-White) treated with 5g VAM per plant showed better performance (59.11 days).

Influence of Organic Manures on Growth, Flowering, Quality and Yield of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) Cv. Master under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse Conditions of Prayagraj, India

An experiment entitled Influence of organic manures on growth, flowering, quality and yield of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cv. Master under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions of Prayagraj was conducted in naturally ventilated polyhouse of Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, during November, 2022 to April, 2023 with an aim to identify the most suitable organic manure combination under the agroclimatic conditions of Prayagraj. There were thirteen treatments replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design (RBD). It was observed that treatment T11 (RDN + FYM 2.5kg/m2 + Vermicompost 1.25kg/m2 + Neem cake 1kg/m2 ) was significantly better in all the parameters studied like plant height (48.5 cm), number of primary branches (7.6), days taken to first bud initiation (93.5), flower diameter (6.3 cm), flower stalk length (77.2 cm), vase life (6.2 days), number of cut flowers per plant (5.6), number of cut flowers per 200 square meter (27,833.3).

Effect of Different Micronutrients on Economics of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) cv. Green Magic under Polyhouse Condition

A field experiment was conducted to study of “Impact of foliar spray of micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) under polyhouse condition” during the Rabi 2020-21 season under Department of Vegetable Science at the “Center of Excellence on Protected Cultivation and Precision Farming”, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.). The experiment consisting of 10 treatments viz., copper sulphate @ 0.20%, copper sulphate @ 0.40%, copper sulphate @ 0.60%, boric acid @ 0.20%, boric acid @ 0.40%, boric acid @ 0.60%, zinc sulphate @ 0.20%, zinc sulphate @ 0.40% and zinc sulphate @ 0.60%. Experiment was carried out with completely randomized design with ten treatments and three replications. Economic study showed that highest cost of cultivation (180,735 Rs/ha) with T3-copper sulphate @ 0.60% while maximum gross income (471,720 Rs/ha), net income (292,325 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (2.62) was observed with T5- boric acid @ 0.40%.

A synergic and compatible microbial-based consortium for biocontrol of Fusarium wilt of tomato

Bioconsortia, based on Chaetomium globosum (isolate CgCG-2), Pseudomonas putida (PpTS-1), Bacillus subtilis (BsS2BC-1), and Trichoderma harzianum (ThS17TH), were designed to develop eco-friendly alternatives for biocontrol of vascular wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). In vitro compatibilities of microbes in these consortia were assessed for growth, antagonism, and biocontrol-related gene expression. In these bioassays, the biocontrol isolates had positive interactions for the tested parameters. In pot experiments, seed and soil applications of culture suspensions of five different isolate mixtures were assessed, in comparisons with individual isolates, for efficacy in vascular wilt control after challenge inoculations with Fol under polyhouse conditions. Compared to experimental controls, the biocontrol isolate mixtures reduced vascular wilt incidence and promoted plant growth. PpTS-1 + CgCG-2 + ThS17TH was the most effective microbial consortium, giving 71% reduction of Fusarium wilt incidence compared to non-treated controls. This reduced incidence increased plant growth by 135%. Upregulation of genes encoding for allene oxide cyclase, pathogenesis-related proteins 3, and 5, and β-1,3-glucanase in tomato plants indicated that the reduction in vascular wilt by the consortia could be partly plant-mediated. This study provides new insights into the development of microbial-based consortia for the biocontrol of vascular wilt in tomato.

Morpho-agronomic Characterization of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Germplasm for Yield and Yield-associated Traits

Nepal possesses a rich diversity of cucumber landraces and their wild relatives. The first step towards harnessing the potential of these landraces in crop improvement programs is to identify the amount of genetic variation present among them. This research aimed to evaluate 18 cucumber accessions collected from different regions of Nepal and assess their agro-morphological variation in terms of yield and yield-associated traits under polyhouse condition. A research trial was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with two replicates at the National Agriculture Genetic Resources Centre (NAGRC), Khumaltar in 2019. The accessions were characterized using various qualitative and quantitative descriptors, with six focusing on traits related to the fruits of the plant and three on phenology and morphology. The results revealed significant variations among the genotypes for all studied traits. Bhaktapur Local was an excellent genotype for recording yield and associated traits, like fruit dimension, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant, making it the most promising genotype, however, Genebank accessions, such as NGRC08671, NGRC07716 and NGRC08668 could be excellent choices for yield associated traits. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between yield and fruit length, fruit width, and total number of fruits per plant, while vine length was positively correlated with the total number of fruits produced per plant. This study identified several genotypes with desirable traits for yield and yield-associated characteristics, which could be valuable in the development of high-yielding cucumber varieties with superior morphological and agronomic traits in the future.&#x0D; Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(1): 30-36.