Polyester Plasticizers Research Articles

Investigation of the influence of polyester plasticizers on the mechanical properties of epoxy compositions

The degree of crosslinking of epoxy compositions based on ED-20 and DEG-1 epoxy resins has been investigated over a wide range of temperature to determine the extent to which mechanical properties of the resins are influenced by varying amounts of a polyester plasticizer, the dibutyl ester of poly(diethyleneglycolmalete dipinate) in which the ratio of the maleic and adipic acids was varied. It is shown that a less dense network of chemical crosslinks is formed when the polyester plasticizer is introduced, and the glass transition temperature of the compositions is lowered. Light has been shed on the anomalous character of the concentration dependence of the breaking stress, the forced elastic limit, the elastic modulus and the stress relaxation intensity.

The 1H- and 13C-PMR study of the alcoholysis equilibrium of polyester plasticizers using lanthanide displacement reagents

A quantitative NMR analytical method has been developed for the transesterification and alcoholysis products using lanthanide displacement reagents and UMR. The equilibrium constants of the above reactions during the synthesis of the polyester plasticizers based on adipic acid and various glycols have been calculated. The glycols used were ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), and neopentyl glycol (NPG). The adipic acid-glycol bond resistance to alcoholysis has been found to decrease along the sequence NPG-EG-PG.

NMR analysis of the distribution of monomer units in copolycondensation products

Formulae were derived for use together with NMR spectra as a means of calculating the “irregularity factor” for copolymer chains and the average length of comonomer blocks when the chains are of finite length. A study was made of the distribution of monomer units in a polyester plasticizer, namely polyethyleneglycolmalonate sebacate, and it is shown that the distribution deviates slightly from statistical distribution and tends towards block copolymers.

Origin of impact strength in polycarbonate. III. Effect of liquids and orientation

Abstract The effects of Arochlor 5442 (a chlorinated terphenyl) dibutyl phthalate, butyl stearate, a high molecular weight polyester plasticizer, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, and water on the dynamic mechanical properties of polycarbonate have been studied. Results show that all liquids except water and carbon tetrachloride suppress the low-temperature β-transition loss peak and shift the temperature of maximum loss to lower temperatures. Water causes the β loss peak to broaden and be more asymmetrical. Nonpolar carbon tetrachloride causes a splitting of the β loss peak which may indicate a selective suppression of local segmental motions in nonpolar regions of the polymer. Polycarbonate liquid blends may also exhibit additional loss peaks at temperatures above or below the β loss peak. Volume losses are observed for all blends whose specific volume has been measured. Electron microscopy of etched polycarbonate blends indicates 600 to 1100 Å structures exist in brittle polycarbonate blends with Arochlor 5442 whereas a 300-Å structure exists in ductile blends with dibutyl phthalate or unmodified polycarbonate. Tensile property measurements demonstrate that absorbed liquids do not embrittle glassy polycarbonate though largely reducing yield strain. Orientation decreases specific volume and produces only slight changes in shape and intensity of the low temperature β-transition loss peak. The major effect of orientation is to enhance “intermediate” loss processes at 80 and 120°C in glassy polycarbonate. The β-transition appears isotropic; however, the intermediate loss process at 80°C is anisotropic. These results tend to question previously suggested correlations between high-impact strength and the low-temperatureβ-transition or free volume. It is suggested that the impact strength of polycarbonate at 23°C may be associated with loss processes at higher temperatures. This association is supported by a comparison of activation energies for yielding with activation energies for transitions due to molecular motion.

Performance of Plasticized Vinyl Films in Drycleaning Solvents

The Garment Analysis Department of the International Fabricare Institute receives frequently vinyl coated fabrics which have lost their softness of hand and flexibility. These changes in physical properties are due to the loss of plasticizer during a regular dry cleaning cycle Experi ments have been performed with vinyl films which were formulated with plasticizers of different molecular weights. Loss of plasticizer and solvent absorption were determined in perchlorethylene, petroleum solvent and solvent 113, the principal dry cleaning solvents. The experiments revealed that a linear relationship exists between plasticizer loss and shrinkage of vinyl films. Rate studies were carried out with vinyl films containing a high, a medium and a low molecular weight plasticizer in all three dry cleamng solvents. Desorption diffusion coefficients of the plasticizers were derived from these data. It was established that the diffusion coefficient for desorption of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate is much higher than that of low or medium molecular weight polyester plasticizers. Low molecular weight plasticizers are almost completely extracted from vinyls during dry cleaning. Higher molecular weight polyester plasticizers are not extracted appreciably. These results should be considered in formulating vinyls to be used for the manufacturing of drycleanable garments.

Application of the nuclear magnetic resonance to study of the kinetics of synthesis of polyester plasticizers

Application of the nuclear magnetic resonance to study of the kinetics of synthesis of polyester plasticizers

The role of hydrolytic processes during thermal oxidation of polyester plasticizers

The role of hydrolytic processes during thermal oxidation of polyester plasticizers

Study of polyester plasticizers by the nuclear magnetic resonance method. Identification of structure and determination of molecular weight

Study of polyester plasticizers by the nuclear magnetic resonance method. Identification of structure and determination of molecular weight

An investigation of factors relating to the exudation of polyester plasticizers from poly(vinyl chloride)

AbstractPoly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was plasticized with a given polyester. The resulting exudate under humid conditions was qualitatively analyzed by GPC and GLC. The exudate was found to have a greater concentration of low molecular weight species than the origional polyester. Further, a much higher hydroxyl group concentration was present. The described polyester was also fractionated and characterization studies were performed. The relative migratory aptitude in PVC of these moieties was studied under humied conditions. The fraction with the greatest concentration of low molecular weight species and the highest hydroxyl concentration was exuded first.

Polyesters—volume 2, unsaturated polyesters and polyester plasticizers Brian Parkyn, F. Lamb, and B. V. Clifton, American Elsevier Co., New York, 1967. 168 pp. $8.50

Polyesters—volume 2, unsaturated polyesters and polyester plasticizers Brian Parkyn, F. Lamb, and B. V. Clifton, American Elsevier Co., New York, 1967. 168 pp. $8.50