Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Research Articles

Understanding the thixotropic structural build-up of C3S pastes in the presence of polycarboxylate superplasticizers

Due to the physical and chemical effect of polycarboxylate (PCE) ether superplasticizers on the simultaneous hydration of aluminate phase and silicate phase, the structural build-up of cement paste with PCE remains a much-complicated process. In order to reveal the underlying mechanism, this study reports the thixotropic structural build-up of C3S paste with PCE in the early stage (stage I before initial setting, within 1500 s). It should be subdivided into stage I′ (rapid non-linear increase) and stage I″ (slow linear development), since PCE significantly prolongs the duration of stage I′ from ∼10 s to ∼1000 s. Although PCE does not alter the origins of thixotropy (CSH/C3S cohesive forces and colloidal interactions), it can change the magnitude of driving forces, greatly depending on its adsorption in the pseudo-contact region. Consequently, the dominant driving force in stage I′ is C3S cohesive force, while it is colloidal interactions in stage I″. The quantitative models of colloidal percolation characteristic time (tperc) and thixotropic structural build-up rate (Gthix) are developed, both of which are determined by the surface coverage and initial solid volume fraction. Increasing PCE dosage augments tperc and diminishes Gthix, until reaching the maximum adsorption threshold (not full surface coverage), beyond which further PCE increase has a minimal effect on tperc and Gthix.

What are the mechanisms of functional monomers' effect on air entrainment of polycarboxylate superplasticizers in cement paste and mortar?

This study focuses on developing three kinds of polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCEs), i.e., ether-type polycarboxylate superplasticizer (T-PCE), fluorine-type polycarboxylate superplasticizer (F-PCE), and phosphate-type polycarboxylate superplasticizer (P-PCE) synthesized respectively with three functional monomers, i.e., isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether (TPEG3000), hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFBMA), and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate (HEMAP) for improved dispersion and low air entrainment in cementitious systems. The molecular structures of PCEs were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR). Further, the influence and mechanism of the functional monomers on the dispersion and air entrainment of PCEs in cement paste and mortar were investigated. Finally, the mechanisms of the functional monomers' effect on the air entrainment of PCEs in the cement paste and mortar were discussed. The results showed that T-PCE, F-PCE, and P-PCE were successfully synthesized, and P-PCE had the optimal effect on the fluidity (at W/C=0.35, 305.5 mm), the lowest foaming height (11.000 mm), and the fastest rate of defoaming of the cementitious systems, followed by F-PCE and T-PCE. Complexation, adsorption, surface activity, and polar hydrophobic mechanisms were identified. For unmodified T-PCE, there are more hydrophilic groups (-COOH), stronger surface activity. Therefore, T-PCE shows strong air entrainment; T-PCE has a high density of carboxylate and often forms a complex with 1 Ca2+ in the form of 4 carboxyl groups before reaching the adsorption equilibrium, so the concentration of free Ca2+ with foam stabilizing effect is high, which leads to strong air entrainment of T-PCE. The adsorption and complexation ability of F-PCE with Ca2+ is weaker than that of T-PCE. However, the hydrophobicity of F-PCE molecules is enhanced and the surface tension of F-PCE is reduced due to the ester group and C-F bonds in the structure of HFBMA, so the air entrainment of F-PCE is lower than that of T-PCE through Marangoni effect. P-PCE exhibited the lowest surface activity and the largest surface tension. Defoaming effect is promoted due to increased additional pressure on the bubble surface. Moreover, its adsorption and complexation with Ca2+ surpassed those of T-PCE and F-PCE due to the phosphate group has two negative charges, and the free Ca2+ is reduced, which also reduces the bubble stability. Therefore, P-PCE has minimal air entrainment in the cementitious systems.

Preparation and clay tolerance research of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer modified by phosphonate group

Preparation and clay tolerance research of a polycarboxylate superplasticizer modified by phosphonate group

Research on the Impact of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers on the Surface Roughness of Cementitious Materials

Research on the Impact of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizers on the Surface Roughness of Cementitious Materials

Experimental Study on the Effect of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on the Performance of Cement-Based Grouting Materials.

Polycarboxylate superplasticizers BMC-L and BMC-S were utilized as modifiers in the formulation of novel cement-based grouting materials. Indoor tests were conducted on 32 groups of cement slurries, varying by water-cement ratio (0.5:1 and 0.6:1) and modifier content (0, 2‱, 4‱, 6‱, 8‱, 10‱, 12‱, and 14‱), to test their density, funnel viscosity, water separation rate, and stone rate. Four groups of slurry modified with BMC-L were selected as the preferred slurry, and the apparent viscosity test, uniaxial, and triaxial compression test of the slurry stone body were conducted. The study investigated the influence of BMC-L on various properties of the slurry, including its apparent viscosity, uniaxial compressive strength, stress-strain relationships, shear strength parameters, and elastic modulus. Ultimately, the pore structure and phase composition of the slurry stone body were detected by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and the impact of BMC-L on slurry performance was examined from a microstructural perspective. Results indicate that the two polycarboxylate superplasticizers exert minimal influence on the density and water separation rate of the slurry. Within the effective incorporation range of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer, increasing the dosage correlates with a decrease in both the stone rate and viscosity of the slurry. BMC-L significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the slurry stone body by promoting more complete cement hydration and reducing porosity. The uniaxial compressive strength of slurry stone body with a 6 ‱ BMC-L dosage reached 29.7 MPa after 7 days and 38.5 MPa after 28 days of curing, representing increases of 118.4% and 64%, respectively, compared to masonry with 0 BMC-L dosage. The shear strength parameters and elastic modulus of the slurry stone body also showed corresponding increases.

Influence of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyacrylamide on mirror effect of fair-faced concrete

This work successfully prepared fair-faced concrete with mirror effect. The gray value standard deviation, porosity, crack rate and glossiness of the concrete surface were used to characterize the apparent quality of fair-faced concrete. The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyacrylamide viscosity-modifying admixture on mirror effect of fair-faced concrete was investigated. The changes of hydration products and microstructure of fair-faced concrete were monitored by the measurements of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosity (MIP), and the potential mechanism was analyzed. The results indicate that the polyacrylamide reduces the number and size of Ca(OH)2 and change the morphology of Ca(OH)2 crystals from large-size parallel stacking state to small-size edge corrosion structure. The polyacrylamide can refine the pore size of concrete, the most probable pore size at the optimum dosage is 13.73 nm, which is much lower than that at other dosages. The usage of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer will introduce air, which has adverse effect on the concrete surface. But polycarboxylate superplasticizer can also improve the flowability of concrete and make bubbles easy to discharge. The combined action of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polyacrylamide contributes the fair-faced concrete for better mirror effect.

Preparation of p-isopropylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and evaluation of its performance in concrete

P-isopropenylphenol polyoxylates (IPP-PE) were obtained by alkoxylation reaction using p-isopropylphenol phenol (IPP) and ethylene oxide (EO) as raw materials, and P-PCE polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer was obtained by free radical polymerization of ipp-PE and acrylic acid (AA) under the action of initiator and chain transfer agent. The effects of reaction temperature, acid-ether ratio, amount of chain transfer agent and initiator, and reaction time on the dispersion properties of superplasticizer were studied, and the molecular structure and microscopic morphology of the superplasticizer were characterized by FTIR,1HNMR, and SEM, and the influence of superplasticizer on concrete properties was evaluated by concrete performance tests. The test results determined that the optimal synthesis process of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer was as follows: reaction temperature 40 °C, n(AA):n(IPP-PE)=6:1, chain transfer agent and initiator were 0.4% and 0.6% of the mass of large monomer, respectively, and the reaction time was 4.5h. The experimental results of the concrete performance test showed that the workability of concrete mixed with the self-made superplasticizer was excellent, and the initial and 1h longitudinal flowability of the superplasticizer reached 228 mm and 215 mm, respectively. The water reduction rate reached 36%, the 28d compressive strength reached 56.8 MPa, the initial slump reached 226 mm, and it had a certain retarding and air entrainment effect.

Unraveling polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) compatibility in muscovite-blended cement paste through aggregation mechanisms

Muscovite is a common harmful mineral in manufactured sand, and has always led to the poor compatibility of superplasticizers in fresh concrete. Currently, the failure mechanism is usually explained by competitive adsorption and interlayer adsorption. In addition to the adsorption point of view, as a kind of surfactant, the self-aggregation conformation of superplasticizers in solutions also requires attention. This study explored the compatibility of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) in cement paste containing muscovite and explained the failure mechanism from the PCE aggregation point of view. Results showed that at the saturated dosage of PCE (0.14 wt%), the introduction of 6 wt% muscovite resulted in a complete loss of fluidity. In the pore solution of cement paste blended with muscovite, the PCE exhibited a lower critical micelle concentration (CMC) and larger aggregation size. The aggregation of PCE is due to the high ionic concentration in cement paste with muscovite, which increases the hydrophobic interaction between PCE and counter ion.

Effect of phosphate impurities on the properties of β-hemihydrate gypsum pastes plasticized by polycarboxylate superplasticizer

This study aims to investigate the effect of HPO42-/PO43- on the working performance and mechanical strength of β-hemihydrate gypsum pastes containing polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) and reveal its underlying mechanism. The results showed that HPO42-/PO43- has a detrimental effect on the fluidity, compressive strength, and softening coefficient of β-hemihydrate gypsum pastes. However, in the presence of PCE, all properties were improved compared to the blank group when the HPO42-/PO43- content was less than 0.3 %. The fluidity and compressive strength of the pastes can be increased by up to 95 % and 32 %, respectively. It was found that HPO42-/PO43- reacted with Ca2+ to form insoluble calcium phosphate salt (ICPS), and the adsorption of PCE on the surface of ICPS increased the total adsorption amount, thereby enhancing the dispersion ability of PCE and increasing the fluidity of fresh slurry. In addition, the adsorption behavior of PCE on the surface of ICPS weakened its inhibitory effect on the hydration of hemihydrate gypsum, which was confirmed by TG-DSC. The increased hydration products and reduced water requirements significantly improved mechanical properties. These findings enhance the understanding of the interaction between phosphorus impurities and PCE, which can guide the improvement of the performance of β-HPG and promote the resource utilization of phosphogypsum.

Experiment and numerical simulation study of polycarboxylate superplasticizer modified cemented ultrafine tailings filling slurry: Rheology, fluidity, and flow properties in pipeline

Understanding the rheological properties of cemented paste backfill is crucial for optimizing its flowability and ensuring the efficient transportation in mine site. Due to the superfine size, the high-concentration filling slurry prepared by ultrafine tailings (the mean size < 0.019 mm) usually exhibits poor flow performance. In this study, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCS) was adopted as an additive to modify cemented ultrafine tailings filling slurry. Experiment tests and numerical simulation were conducted to investigate effects of PCS dosages, solid and binder contents on rheological, fluidity, and flow performance. Results indicate that the PCS modified filling slurry conforms to Bingham model and shows shear-thinning behavior. As PCS dosage increases from 0 to 0.30 wt%, the yield stress gradually decreases, whereas the plastic viscosity initially increases then decreases. The electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance generated by PCS can disintegrate the floc structures formed by ultrafine particles, leading to more release of free water, and reducing interparticle friction, correspondingly, improving flowability of filling slurry. The optimal PCS dosage is determined as 0.15–0.25 wt% considering transportation requirement. For a given PCS dosage, the yield stress and plastic viscosity exhibit an exponential growth with solid content, while a continuous decline with binder content. Furthermore, the fluidity increases linearly and exponentially with PCS dosage for filling slurry at solid content of 59–62 wt% and 63 wt%, respectively. An exponential model is established to quantify the relationship between yield stress and fluidity, which provides a method for predicting rheological parameters. With addition of PCS dosage, the flow performance of filling slurry is enhanced significantly in transportation pipeline. The maximal flow velocities at the pipeline center increase, and those near the pipeline wall decrease. The findings afford a practical guidance for designing and optimizing materials proportions of PCS modified filling slurry to achieve the desired flowability in mine site.

Effect and mechanism of recycled clay brick powder on compressive strength of different types of concretes

To investigate the effects of recycled clay brick powder (CBP) partially replacing cement in different types of concretes, and reveal the combined influencing mechanisms of CBP with the water-to-binder (W/B) ratio, additives like water reducers, viscosity modifying agent, and fibers in concrete, the compressive strengths of eight types of concretes with different CBP contents were tested, and their hydration heat, pore structures and microscopic morphologies were examined. The results showed that for the concretes with a higher W/B ratio or with polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) added, the internal curing effect of CBP was insignificant, and the compressive strength monotonically decreased with an increase in CBP replacement ratio; while the strength of concrete with a lower W/B ratio and without PCE did not always decrease with CBP content due to the significant internal curing effect of CBP, which made the reduction in strength at the same CBP replacement ratio less than that observed in concrete with a higher W/B ratio. For example, replacing cement with 30 % CBP caused the 28-day compressive strength of concrete to decrease by 25.2 % at a W/B ratio of 0.5, whereas at a W/B ratio of 0.33, the strength only decreased by 14.2 % compared to concrete without CBP. For concrete with PP fibers, the reduction in compressive strength induced by CBP replacement was mitigated, especially at a larger CBP replacement ratio, due to the bridging effect provided by PP fibers penetrated the micropores of CBP. For the concrete with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), replacing cement with 30 % CBP hardly reduced the concrete's compressive strength. The filling of CBP particles into the macropores introduced by HPMC reduced the pore sizes and offset the negative impact of the lessening in available reactive cementitious materials, and thus reducing the influence of CBP content on the strength. This study can serve as a reference for the utilization of CBP in cementitious materials, thereby facilitating the recycling of CBP in engineering applications.

Effect of side chain ionizability of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on cement hydration

Although the side chain ionizability (the adsorption group density and adsorption space are changed) of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) serve as the key structural parameter in affecting the cement hydration, its effect on cement hydration is unclear. Based on PCE with nonionizable side chain (NSC-PCE) and the PCE with ionizable side chain (ISC-PCE), the influence of the side chain ionizability of PCE on the hydration behavior of cement was studied. Compared with NSC-PCE, ISC-PCE has a stronger ability to change the migration of water and ions, thus delaying the crystal nucleation and growth of cement hydration (better morphology and distribution, the crystal size was reduced by more than 20 %), increasing the crystal growth index (tendency toward spherical growth), prolonging the phase boundary reaction (reduce micro-cracks), which was conducive to the formation of more uniform and dense crystals (good strength, ISC-PCE: 50.0 MPa > NSC-PCE: 49.2 MPa > Blank: 48.7 MPa). These findings provide the design basis and theoretical guidance for the innovative development of PCE.

Synthesis and Performance of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer with Viscosity-Reducing and Low-Shrinkage Properties for Fair-Faced Concrete.

A low-shrinkage and viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer was synthesized with maleic anhydride (MAH), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and methoxypoly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (MPEGnMA). The surface tension, early shrinkage, cement paste performance, and application performance of concrete made with the synthesized water-reducing admixture were tested. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the optimal range of plastic viscosity coefficients for producing high-quality, fair-faced concrete with minimal surface defects. These experiments utilized both the synthesized water-reducing admixture alone and in combination with other water-reducing agents. The results showed that the synthesized water-reducing admixture had an ideal molecular structure, as confirmed by the GPC spectrum. When added to an aqueous solution, it reduced the surface tension from 72.47 mN/m to 30.56 mN/m. The 72 h shrinkage value of concrete was reduced by 20.6% compared with that of the conventional control group, effectively reducing shrinkage and adjusting the viscosity of the concrete mixture. Additionally, the influence of the plastic viscosity coefficient on the apparent voids in fair-faced concrete was investigated. This study revealed that when the plastic viscosity coefficient was between 5 and 10 Pa·s, the apparent void grade of the fair-faced concrete was simultaneously excellent and good. This water-reducing admixture helped prevent surface cracking and voids in fair-faced concrete, making it a suitable choice for producing high-quality fair-faced concrete surfaces.

Study on the properties of slump-retaining polycarboxylate superplasticizer synthesized by EPEG at different pH

Abstract The application of EPEG-type polycarboxylate water reducer in concrete is gradually widespread and studying its preparation process and performance comparison will help promote the EPEG market. In this study, ethylene glycol nonvinyl polyoxymethylene ether (EPEG-2400), acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) were used as the main synthetic monomers. Under the redox initiation system of hydrogen peroxide-formaldehyde sodium bisulfite, EPEG-type water-retaining polycarboxylate water reducer was synthesized by free radical copolymerization in aqueous solution. The influence of different pH values on the dispersibility of the synthesized polycarboxylate water reducer was studied. The results show that different pH values have little influence on the molecular weight of EPEG water-retaining polycarboxylate water reducer and the work performance of EPEG-synthesized water-retaining polycarboxylate water reducer is better under neutral conditions.

Defoaming and Toughening Effects of Highly Dispersed Graphene Oxide Modified by Amphoteric Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on Oil Well Cement.

The aggregation of graphene oxide (GO) during the hydration process limits its wide application. Polymer superplasticizers have been used to improve the dispersion state of GO due to their adsorption and site-blocking effects, though the formation of a large amount of foam during the mixing process weakens the mechanical properties of cement. A highly dispersed amphoteric polycarboxylate superplasticizer-stabilized graphene oxide (APC/GO) toughening agent was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly. Results demonstrate that the APC/GO composite dispersed well in a cement pore solution due to the steric effect offered by the APC. Additionally, the well-dispersed GO acted as an antifoaming agent in the cement since GO nanosheets can be absorbed at the air-liquid interface of APC foam via electrostatic interactions and eliminate the air-entraining effect. The well-dispersed APC/GO sheets promoted cement hydration and further refined its pore structure owing to the nucleation effect. The flexural and compressive strength of the cement containing the APC/GO composite were enhanced by 21.51% and 18.58%, respectively, after a 7-day hydration process compared with a blank sample. The improved hydration degree, highly polymerized C-S-H gel, and refined pore structure provided enhanced mechanical properties.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ СУПЕРПЛАСТИФИКАТОРОВ В МЕЛКОЗЕРНИСТОМ БЕТОНЕ С ЗОЛОШЛАКОВОЙ СМЕСЬЮ

One of the determining factors in the development of modern concrete science is the development of new resource-saving technologies for the production of cement concrete and products made from them using various industrial wastes, in particular ash and slag mixtures (ASM) formed at thermal power plants during the joint hydraulic or pneumatic removal of ash and slag into a dump during the process. burning coal in a dusty state. The problem of waste disposal is especially relevant for territories with limited free land, high population density and lack of mineral resources. Such regions include the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic, in which one of the largest in Eastern Europe, the Moldavian State District Power Plant (MSDPP), operates, providing electricity to Transnistria and neighboring countries (Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria). During the operation of MSDPP, a zone of ash and slag mixtures with a volume of more than 10 million tons was formed on coal, the use of which in cement concrete technology can be based on the regulatory and technical documentation of the Russian Federation. The paper presents the results of studies of the structure and physicochemical properties (chemical and particle size composition, hydrosilicate and silica modules, quality factor) of the ASM MSDPP. An assessment of the effectiveness of naphthalene-formaldehyde and polycarboxylate superplasticizers was carried out according to the criterion of changing the strength of fine-grained concrete from the ASM MSDPP.

Effect of ultra-low dosage graphene oxide on the properties of recycled cement-based materials

The utilization of recycled fine powder (RFP) from crushed concrete waste as partial cement replacement is limited by its low reactivity. Graphene Oxide (GO) is a two-dimensional amphiphilic conjugated polymer that can effectively improve the properties of cement-based materials, but its application is limited due to its high cost. This study investigates the ultra-low dosage GO on the properties of recycled cement-based materials. GO was dispersed using polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCE) before incorporation in the pastes containing 25 % RFP as the binder. The results show that PCE can effectively improve the dispersion of GO in cement-based materials. The improvement effect of well-dispersed ultra-low dosage GO on the strength of recycled cement-based materials in the early stage was better than that in the later stage, and the improvement effect on the flexural strength was better than that on the compressive strength. The GO dosage was optimized at 0.004 % which improved the 3 days flexural strength by 52 % compared to the control sample without GO. Results showed that well-dispersed ultra-low dosage GO accelerated the hydration of recycled cement-based materials due to the nucleation effect and template effect, promoted the formation of additional C–S–H gels, and facilitated the development of C–S–H gels more orderly, reduced the porosity of the hardened pastes, and refined the microstructure. However, excessive GO reduced strength due to agglomeration. The improvement in strength and microstructure refinement demonstrates the positive role of GO in enhancing the reactivity of recycled cement-based materials. This process successfully reduced the dosage of GO in cement-based materials by about 90 % and provided an approach to utilizing recycled fine powder.

Rheological properties of seawater-mixed seashell powder calcined slag cement slurries: Effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and temperature

In this study, the effects of temperature and a polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) on the rheological properties of seawater-mixed seashell powder calcined slag cement (SCSC) slurries were examined, revealing the mechanism of action of the PCE in them. The results showed that the shear stress and viscosity of the seawater-mixed SCSC slurries tended to decrease and then increase with increasing PCE content, reaching a minimum value at 0.8% PCE content, reducing the viscosity by 31.8% compared to the SCSC slurry without PCE. Temperature variations did not change the flow pattern of the seawater-mixed SCSC slurries; however, the rheological parameters were greatly affected. The viscosity, shear stress, and consistency coefficient decreased gradually with increasing temperature, whereas the rheological index exhibited the opposite trend.

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties and Water Permeability of Pervious Planting Concrete: A Study on Additives and Plant Growth.

Pervious planting concrete (PPC) is in line with the concept of ecological environmental protection. However, due to its own porous structure, it is difficult to obtain excellent mechanical properties and water permeability at the same time, which hinders its promotion and application. In this paper, natural gravel (NG), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), polyvinyl alcohol latex powder (PVAP) and polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PS) were used to prepare the PPC, and its mechanical properties and water permeability were studied. Three kinds of plants were planted in the PPC and their planting properties were studied. At the same time, the effect of Bacillus on the planting properties was studied. The results show that when the water-binder ratio (W/B) was 0.28 and the PVAP content was 0.8%, both the mechanical properties and water permeability of the PPC were optimal. The compressive strength and permeability coefficient were 14.2 MPa and 14.48 mm/s, respectively. The mechanical properties and water permeability of PPC prepared with 10~20 mm NG were better than those prepared with 5~10 mm NG. Among the three plants, the germination rate and growth of Elymus dahuricus Turcz (EDT) were the best. The incorporation of Bacillus can optimize its planting properties and promote the effective combination between plants and the PPC substrate.

Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Physical, Mechanical, and Microstructural Properties of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum-Based Self-Leveling Mortar.

The production of flue gas desulfurization gypsum poses a serious threat to the environment. Thus, utilizing gypsum-based self-leveling mortar (GSLM) stands out as a promising and effective approach to address the issue. β-hemihydrate gypsum, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC), retarder, and defoamer were used to prepare GSLM. The impact of mineral admixtures (steel slag (SS), silica fume (SF), and fly ash (FA)) on the physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties of GSLM was examined through hydration heat, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The GSLM benchmark mix ratio was determined as follows: 94% of desulfurization building gypsum, 6% of cement, 0.638% each of water reducer and retarder, 0.085% each of HPMC and defoamer (calculated additive ratio relative to gypsum), and 0.54 water-to-cement ratio. Although the initial fluidity decreased in the GSLM slurry with silica fume, there was minimal change in 30 min fluidity. Notably, at an SS content of 16%, the GSLM exhibited optimal flexural strength (6.6 MPa) and compressive strength (20.4 MPa). Hydration heat, XRD, and Raman analyses revealed that a small portion of SS actively participated in the hydration reaction, while the remaining SS served as a filler.