Polycrystalline Solar Panels Research Articles

Investigation of Performance of Solar Flat and Curved Plate Collectors through Numerical Simulations

Solar energy is radiant light as a form of thermal heat energy which can be obtained and used by means of a variety of solar apparatus. As apparatus the flat and curved plate solar collector is specifically designed for assembling solar energy as a solar water heater system. The designing potency of this collector lone can generate medium level hot water from radiant sunlight source via absorbed plates. Standard type flat and curved plates solar collector plates are mostly used in remote coldest regions of the world where hot water is consumed for commercial and domestic purposes. These types of solar collector Plates can cheaply be manufactured compared to other solar panels like solar Shingles, Polycrystalline Solar Panels, Mono-crystalline Solar Panels, and Thin Film Solar Panels. For future work, this proposed pre-design is recommended for fabrication. A numerical study was carried-out on eight city locations in China by tracing their horizontal and vertical longitudinal, latitudinal lines noting the date, time and sunlight feeding of temperatures in the Celsius scale with the help of simulation and modeling tools like CFD, ANSYS FLUENT software, mesh geometry tools, and by using the Navier-Stokes and Continuity equations by fluid flow discharge rate, mass flow, water temperature and dropping of temperature, radiation working mechanisms, dimensions of water flowing tubes and absorber plates, density, the velocity of water as the working fluid, the viscosity of water in a cold and hot state as a process of Pre-design. Work also focuses on the comparison between flat plate collector and curved plate collector radiant sunlight absorption, As end result it is found the Curved plate collector produces 22% more elevated heat of outgoing water than flat plate collector.

Efficiency Improvement in polycrystalline solar panel using thermal control water spraying cooling

Abstract The increasing demand for electricity generated from main grids has necessitated the use of multiple microgrids, which serve as subsystems of the utility power. More recently, solar farms are being utilized for electricity generation, since solar irradiation is a green and sustainable renewable energy source. This energy source has witnessed high global growth figures, as more countries explore this alternative power source in the fourth industrial revolution. Solar panels are exposed to high temperatures due to the heat absorbed from the sun and this heat negatively impact its thermal control that lags its power generation. The excessive heat absorbed from the sun limits energy generated by the solar cells. Colling of solar panels is essential, especially on concentrated Photovoltaic (PV) systems. The paper focuses on an optimization option of an automated water spraying method that has effectively addressed a major gap experienced by the solar panel under hot weather conditions. The Introduction of a microcontroller-based thermal control water spraying system using an Arduino board was found to improve the efficiency of the solar cells. In the study, a solar collector cooling algorithm was designed and developed using a thermal control feedback system, which increased the efficiency of the solar panel array by 16.65%.

A GSM Based Intelligent Solar Energy Measuring System

A Photovoltaic (PV) power monitoring is important in PV systems for proper generation and transmission. With the need to monitor certain parameters like voltage, current and power in order to ascertain the power output of a solar system. In this project design, a GSM solar power monitoring system is designed in order to monitor the voltage, current and output power of a solar system and also transmit the monitored parameters in real time to a remote location via the SMS feature of the GSM technology. An 8 bit 18F452 PIC microcontroller is used as the control unit which controls the Pulse width Modulation (PWM) solar charge controller, IRF3205 MOSFETs as the switching transistors in the charge controller charging a 30AH 12v battery via a 30watts polycrystalline solar panel. Universal asynchronous synchronous receiver and transmitter (USART) is used as protocol for transmission between a Sim 900 GSM module and the microcontroller while the attention (AT) command is used as the communication protocol in sending measured power parameters from the microcontroller to the GSM module which in turn sends the measured parameters as SMS message to a remote location. ACS 712 hall effect current sensor for measuring current and a voltage divider network for measuring the PV cell voltage. The circuit board is printed on a Printed circuit board (PCB) using the traditional transfer method. C programming language is used in writing program codes embedded on the controller. This project design have been able to show that by employing the use of a wireless real time data monitoring (GSM technology), PV systems can be properly monitored remotely for consumption, operation, analysis and isolation in cases of fault detection.

Perbandingan Perolehan Daya Solar Panel Monocrystalline Terhadap Solar Panel Polycrystalline

The availability of two types of solar panels that are common in the market namely monocrystalline and polycrystalline types cause confusion in the selection so that many solar panel users are questioning the differences of these two types of solar panel. This study produced a data logger system using Arduino Uno R3 to control voltage, current and temperature sensors for logging data that stores power measurement data from monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panel in a micro SD. After it we can manage data to compare power produced between two types the solar panel. From the results of testing this data logger system it can be seen that monocrystalline solar panel are 9.18% better on power produced than polycrystalline when the maximum power conversion is generated.

Employing genetic programming to find the best correlation to predict temperature of solar photovoltaic panels

The best function form to predict the panel’s temperature (Tpanel) is found for a product family of polycrystalline solar panels, with the nominal capacities of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 120, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 320 W. For this purpose, genetic programming is used. Experimental data recorded throughout a year is employed while in addition to solar radiation, ambient temperature, and wind velocity, ambient relative humidity is also considered as one effective parameter. First, the best function form is obtained and verified for the 40 W panel, and then, the generalization capability of that is checked for other panels. Moreover, the prediction ability of the best found function form in comparison to the nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT) and nominal module operating temperature (NMOT) approaches, as the most common ways to obtain Tpanel, is evaluated using the monthly and annual profiles of errors. The profiles of error in prediction of Tpanel, efficiency, produced power, and generated energy for the presented, NOCT, and NMOT models are compared together, which shows the vast superiority of the best found function to NOCT and NMOT methods. As an example, for the 50 W panel, the best found function form is able to predict Tpanel, efficiency, produced power, and generated energy 2.15, 3.36, 3.03, and 3.39 times more accurate than NMOT method in a year. It also has 2.82, 4.18, 4.04, and 4.01 times better prediction than the NOCT model during the same period for prediction of the aforementioned performance criteria of the 50 W panel, respectively.

The Solar Renewable Energy System Study with A Capacity of 1300 W Utilizing Polycrystalline Photovoltaic

Solar energy is one of the alternative energy that is environmentally friendly and cheapraw materials and available throughout the year as a substitute for conventional energy whose raw materials are getting thinner and have a bad impact on the environment such as air pollution, noise and hazardous waste for the environment over a long period of time, solar energy has great potential as an independent solar power plant, which offers solutions to provide electricity to meet electricity needs, especially in areas not yet covered by the electricity grid of the National Electric Company. The 1300 W solar power plant is planned to use polycrystalline solar panels with a capacity 100 WP, combined with battery components and inverters, it can generate AC current for daily electricity needs. The greater the electrical load, the faster the battery life. This research shows that it takes 60 polycrystalline solar panels for 12 hours, 26 Solar Chargers 15 A, 9 batteries with a capacity of 150 Ah, and 15 Inverters 1300 W.

Study a novel hybrid system for cooling solar panels and generate power

As is known, most of the solar energy that falls on solar panels converts into heat energy causing an increase in its temperature and decrease in its performance. The dissipation of some heat from solar panels returns two benefits, the first one to maintain its electrical efficiency and the second to increase its operating life. In this paper, we demonstrated a new cooling technique capable to connect with the solar panel. The system works as a heat dissipater and an electrical generator at the same time and can be called thermos-magneto- generator (TMG). Thermally, the system consists of two regions with a difference in temperatures are the heat source and the heat sink. Since it needs a heat source and a heat sink, the solar panel itself is considered the heat source while the heat sink is just a flat plate at atmosphere temperature. After testing the system experimentally and theoretically by using COMSOL Multiphysics software (COMSOL), we assumed that a set of TMG units was installed on the back of a polycrystalline solar panel. The study included modeling the system in different solar radiations ranges from 500 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2, and atmosphere temperatures ranges from 270 K to 290 K. The modeling results showed the best case when the system works under the highest solar radiation intensity and atmosphere temperature but needs more units of the TMG in each meter square. Also, the results showed more than 99% of efficiency enhancement came due to the cooling process.

A smart short-term solar power output prediction by artificial neural network

Regional analyses in solar energy applications take a long time, and the complexity of production modeling of solar panels is a problem for small roof applications. This is because the people who will implement these applications do not have sufficient budgets to establish pyrometers and similar expensive measurement systems, or they do not have enough technical information to analyze them. However, other meteorological data, such as wind, temperature, and humidity, have been recorded for a long time by various institutions around the world, and these data can be accessed. Within the scope of this article, an artificial neural network-based model has been developed, which requires cheaper and less information for the users who will implement the roof-top application. In an area where temperature, wind speed, pressure, and humidity information is given, using the developed neural network learning model, the output power of the most commonly used mono-crystalline, poly-crystalline, and thin-film solar panels was calculated. In order to be used in the modeling of the study, the production values of the three different panels and wind, temperature, and humidity measurements of the region where the panels were installed were recorded in periods of 1 min. The relationship between these data was modeled by artificial neural networks. To increase the reliability of the data, training and test data were used, obtained as a result of the tenfold cross-validation method. Using the developed model, production values were estimated to have 97% accuracy. As a result, a simpler and more reliable analysis model has been developed without the use of radiation and panel information, without the need for PV and system modeling, which requires long mathematical processes.

Development of a Household Solar Power Plant: System Using Solar Panels

The purpose of this study was to find a model system of power generation by using solar-cells for house. The research was a realization of concern in overcoming the electricity energy crisis. Solar panels, inverters, batteries, and solar charge controllers were used to support on this study. Polycrystalline solar panels with 4 × 50Wp power were chosen to generate energy. The output voltage ranges from 14.8 to 17.5 V DC (direct current) per panel with a capacity of 2 × 70 Ah. Battery capacity of 24 volts was connected in series with an inverter of 1000 watts. The result of the study showed the voltage output of the solar panels was at maximum average of 30.2 V. The distribution of batteries charging used a solar charger controller at a voltage of 24.5 volt DC. The measurement of voltage resulted at the inverter output from 24 volt DC to converse of 220 volt AC (alternating current) without load. Voltage conditions as outputs of solar panels reach maximum voltage during the day from 10:00 am to 1:00 pm Western Indonesia Time (WIB) and it begin down until 6:00 pm. The design greatly influenced the performance of solar power plants.

Chemical composition determination of impurities and effect on the toxicity degree of solar panel components

By 2050, according to the conclusion of the European Commission, the amount of solar panels waste will reach 78 million tons. 85% of all solar panels produced today belong to polycrystalline solar panels. The subject of this paper is the polymer components of polycrystalline solar panels EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) and Tedlar® (polyvinyl fluoride). The paper reflects studies to determine the chemical composition of impurities of the solar panel components, and the degree of impurities influence on the toxicity of polymer components.

The Effect of Humidity and Temperature on the Efficiency of Solar Power Panel Output in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area (L.G.A), Nigeria

Solar energy is a large inexhaustible source of energy were the power from the sun intercepted by the Earth is over a trillion watt, which is many thousand times larger than the present consumption rate on the earth of all commercial energy sources. The sun could supply all the present and future energy need, presently the major way of extracting this energy is through solar panel and the efficiency of the energy conversion is in high consideration. Research has revealed that different factors can affect the efficiency of the panel, using a DT830B Digital Multi-meter and HTC-1 Clock/Temperature/Hygrometer on a Dp-Li21 polycrystalline solar panel. This work took the liberty of analyzing the effect of humidity and temperature on the efficiency of the solar panel. The result obtained shows that current production is highly aided by temperature within 42-45ºC and humidity below 35% and voltage production remains fairly stable with temperature below 42ºC and humidity below 60% while the power production is fairly stable with humidity below 40% and maximum with temperature at 45ºC, for power production on a panel mounted and to be mounted to be within maximum range, this analysis is to be carried out and put into consideration.

Performance and Economic Evaluation of Solar Rooftop Systems in Different Regions of Thailand

Solar rooftop systems in the residential sector have been rapidly increased in the term of installed capacity. There are various factors, such as climate, temperature, and solar radiation, that have effects on solar power generation efficiency. This paper presents a performance assessment of a solar system installed on the rooftop of residence in different regions of Thailand by using PSIM simulation. Solar rooftop installation comparison in different regions is carried out to evaluate the suitable location. In addition, three types of solar panels are used in research: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. The electrical parameters of real power and energy generated from the systems are investigated and analyzed. Furthermore, the economic evaluation of different solar rooftop system sizes using the monocrystalline module is investigated by using economic indicators of discounted payback period (DPP), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (PI). Results show that the central region of Thailand is a suitable place for installing solar rooftop in terms of solar radiation, and the temperature has more solar power generation capacity than the other regions. The monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels can generate maximum power close to each other. All solar rooftop sizes with the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) scheme give the same DPP of 6.1 years, IRR of 15%, and PI of 2.57 which are better than the cases without the FiT scheme. However, a large-scale installation of solar rooftop systems can receive more electrical energy produced from the solar rooftop systems. As a result, the larger solar rooftop system sizes can achieve better economic satisfaction.

Spectral filtering of photovoltaic cells using novel bio-filter: Silver coated Hibiscus extract using methanol solution

Spectra filtering is a fairly new concept to control the damaging contributions of solar IR radiations to photovoltaic (PV) cells or panel. In this research, the bio-filter was synthesized and tested. The bio-filter was proposed as the panacea to filtering the solar IR radiations. The bio-filter performance was adjudged to show little success, as it was 3% lower than the normal performance in the monocrystalline solar PV panel and 50% higher than the normal performance in the polycrystalline solar PV panel. The varying results in the polycrystalline and monocrystalline PV panels may arise as a result of unequal coating of the panel. Hence, the coating technique is recommended to be uniform and precise in further research work.

A design of decision making-assisted software using fuzzy logic technique: a case study of solar cell investment project

In this work, designing of business investment decision making-assisted software has, preliminarily, been developed. The net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), benefit–cost ratio (BCR), and payback period (PB) have been employed as input parameters for feasibility analysis. Furthermore, three of them have, next, been synthesized through the fuzzy logic technique to evaluate the feasibility level and percentage. Consequently, either the numerical or graphical results have then been indicated, with an investment decision made by the developed software. To verify the software performance, a solar cell investment project has been used as a case study. However, two specimens, the 200-m2 mono- and poly-crystalline solar panels with maximum generation capacity at approximately 31 kW, were analyzed. Specifically, the investment details were exploited with 25 years of duration, 7% of discount rate, and 40% of the expected profit margin, of which the results showed the NPV, IRR, BCR, and PB values of 280,060.74 THB, 8.28%, 1.11, and 10.19 years, for the mono-crystalline. Meanwhile, the poly-crystalline had an NPV of 477,471.75 THB, while its IRR, BCR, and PB were 9.30%, 1.20, and 9.38 years, respectively. Additionally, the mono- and poly-crystalline panels had a feasibility level of “Poor” at different percentages of 58.95% and 22.85%. This implied that the latter was more appropriate for investment. The analytical results confirmed that the developed software was concluded to be appropriate for assisting in investment decision making.

The control of energy production system created from fuel cell and different solar panels via microcontroller

In the study, the energy that monocrystalline, polycrystalline and thin-film solar panels of equal power produce was combined on the electronic board and hybrid solar system was created. Fuel cell was added to this hybrid system, so providing diversity in energy production sources. The produced electrical energy flow was controlled by using different energy sources types together. Battery groups were connected to the control circuit for storing the produced energy. Also, the receiver loads, which would redirect the flow energy were added to the control circuit. The electrical energy each solar panel produced, the electric current the load pulled and battery charge-discharge conditions were monitored through the control system designed to control the flow energy. These data were recorded at regular intervals with C# software. The control algorithms that are appropriate for system’s energy flow were determined and consumers were fed with the electrical energy produced by the hybrid system, and the battery was charged at the same time. The recorded data were analyzed and the energy each solar panel produced, the rates of benefiting from produced electricity through applied algorithms, and how much consumers were fed with the energy accumulated on the battery group were approximately determined.

The Effect of Relative Humidity and Temperature on Polycrystalline Solar Panels Installed Close to a River

The Effect of Relative Humidity and Temperature on Polycrystalline Solar Panels Installed Close to a River

Properties measurement of the thin film solar panels under adverse weather conditions

Abstract This work deals with the comparison of technologies of modern solar panels for home applications. The article is mainly focused on amorphous and thin film CIGS solar panels, but monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels are also mentioned. The article compares the technologies of selected types of photovoltaic panels and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The thesis also provides a description of a measurement device for measuring power of solar panel and light intensity using the LabVIEW programming environment. The work compares the amount of electric power produced per square meter in the case of adverse weather conditions. All measurements are performed with cloudy sky and occasional snowfall.

An Expermental Study of Solar Panel Performance Using Heat Pipe and Thermoelectric Generator

Solar energy is the main source of energy that is expected to play a vital role in fulfilling the future global demand for electricity. Design of advanced photovoltaic (PV) system with high electric conversion efficiency is the key for collecting solar energy. A major obstacle hindering useful PV utilization is the deterioration of solar cell efficiency with temperature. In this paper, the performance of solar panel using a micro flat heat pipe (HP) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) is proposed and experimentally investigated. In order to operate HP and TEG at highest possible efficiency, the condensation section of HP is innovatively cooled by utilizing the condensed water inside the evaporator of the air conditioner (which is usually between 5-7 °C). Two different types of silicon panel are used in the study: monocrystalline solar panel and polycrystalline solar panel. The results showed that a reduction in average solar panel temperature up to 25% is obtained. In addition, the produced power was increased by as much as 50% when the solar panel was cooled by the heat pipe. In order to test the performance of the cooling system combined with the solar panel, the feasibility study and cost analysis is carried out using SAM software.

Environmental Effects on the Performance of Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells under Long-Term Outdoor Exposure in Taiyuan, China

Environmental conditions such as wind, temperature and humidity affect the amount of solar irradiance received by the photovoltaic (PV) cells and thus have a significant effect on the PV output efficiency. This paper aims to analyze the power efficiency of Polycrystalline Silicon solar cells under China’s weather considering these environmental conditions. Performance of the Polycrystalline solar panel is analyzed through eight months of data emphasizing the maximum, average and minimum temperature acquired from a solar power plant installed at Taiyuan University of technology, China consisting of 78 PV panels with a total rated capacity of 20 KW and average module efficiency of 16.56% at an ambient temperature of 25°. The results of our practical investigations show that polycrystalline solar cells in October yield the best monthly average efficiency of 35.6% at an average temperature and humidity level of 14°C and 44%. In comparison to a maximum temperature of 27°C and humidity of 66% in summer, the efficiency is found to drop by 5%. Also, the power produced in winter at minimum temperature and the efficiency showed a decline of 15% compared to that of October. Consequently, this investigation leads to a conclusion that the increase in temperature and humidity together is found to have a negative effect on the efficiency whereas the increase in irradiance and wind speed showed an improvement in the output power of the polycrystalline solar cells.

Sistem Monitoring Online dan Analisa Performansi PLTS Rooftop Terhubung ke Grid PLN

This paper presents an online monitoring system and PV system performance analysis under various weather conditions. The PV monitoring system consists of an Arduino sensors circuit, and a design monitor display built using Visual Basic.Net programming. The monitoring system was applied to the 1.25 kW PV system mounted on the roof of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Andalas University. The rooftop PV system is connected to the PLN grid using five units of 250 Wp polycrystalline solar panels and mounted flat in series connected to the load through a 2 kW grid tie inverter. The process of data retrieval of the results of the monitoring took place in real time and displayed in the form of data tables and graphs. The data information of the PV system comes from the sensors connected to the Arduino device which then connected to a PC. Furthermore, data recorded using Visual Basic.Net software converted into Microsoft Excel so it can be analysed further. The PV system performance analysis consists of the synchronisation process, power curve and electrical energy that can be generated by a rooftop PV system. The average solar panels start generating electricity from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm for sunny weather, but for rainy weather, the power of the PV goes down and disconnects early before sunset. The results presented show that the performance of PV systems connected to the PLN network is highly dependent on weather conditions. The monitoring result of power and energy potency can be used as a consideration parameter for a feasibility study of rooftop PV system installed in the tropical area.