Abstract X-ray diffraction studies show that simple cold-pressing of EuBa2Cu3O7−δ polycrystalline compactions, as practiced by numerous researchers, leads to very large microstructural anisotropy, with the crystallographic c axis preferentially oriented parallel to the axis of pressing. As shown by variable-temperature resistivity and thermoelectric power measurements, the direction of greatest metallic character at temperatures above the superconducting transition temperature is that perpendicular to the pressing direction, i.e., that parallel to the direction in which the (CuO)n sheets and chains are preferentially oriented. Both ϱ(T) and S(T) are only weakly temperature-dependent, with the transition to the superconducting state taking place in both measurements over a slightly narrower temperature range in the perpendicular direction. Above Tc, the S(T) data are positive and give no obvious evidence for phonon-drag or precursor phenomena. A tentative analysis using a Hubbard/Heikes approach yields an average copper oxidation state in good agreement with experiment.