Poltava Region Research Articles

Impact of the Russian invasion on wheat biomass in Ukraine

Abstract Ukraine was the seventh-biggest worldwide producer of wheat in 2021 before the Russian invasion. The war caused a disruption of the global wheat market but the impact on the different levels of the production chain remains unclear. Here we leverage high resolution satellite imagery and crop modeling to analyze specifically the impact of the war on the evolution of the dry aboveground biomass in wheat fields. We compare the Kherson region, a battlefield occupied by the Russian army in 2022 with the Poltava region which was not invaded. We also compare the wheat biomass in both regions in 2022 with the two previous years before the war. We find that the wheat biomass sharply declined in the Kherson region in 2022 only. We interpret this result as a consequence of the abandonment of invaded land by farmers. The lack of agricultural management, in particular the lack of fertilization and irrigation could explain the reduced crop growth in summer, thereby contributing to shortages in the wheat production chain.

Nativity of the Virgin Mary Kozelshchynskyi Monastery in the Poltava Region: an assessment of architectural heritage and contemporary challenges

The challenge of preserving the architectural heritage of small towns in Ukraine is compounded by the lack of sufficient historical and architectural research, as well as numerous alterations to buildings during their use. This article presents the results of historical and architectural research on the architectural heritage of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary Kozelshchyna Monastery in the Poltava Region. It explores the historical stages of the monastery's formation and development and evaluates its historical and cultural significance. A virtual reconstruction of the monastery's original appearance was undertaken, and the historical boundaries of the monastery were established. The analysis of the current state enabled the identification of issues related to the monastery's functioning and the preservation of its cultural heritage. This research provides a scientific foundation for developing protection zones for the monastery and for restoration and adaptation projects of its buildings. It also establishes an information base for future project work and the monitoring of architectural heritage.

USING THE POTENTIAL OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF FUTURE CULTUROLOGISTS

The article analyzes the place and role of territorial communities in the system of professional training of culturologists. It has been determined that among the qualifications of a master of cultural studies, the national standard for extensive knowledge of this specialty means the ability to professionally diagnose, predict, project and model the cultural development of different cultural regions, physical and visual culture. It is described how the preparation of such specialist, who are present in the socio-cultural field of the region, has become one of the ambushes of the educational and professional programs «Culturology» of the first (bachelor’s) and the other (master’s) who is jealous of the great knowledge of the Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V. G. Korolenko. It is characterized how this process will ensure that stakeholders from various territorial communities are recruited before the process of developing, negotiating, changing and revising new programs like these, and also in cooperation with robot sellers in localities and villages Poltava region and regional areas near the area of organization of practice, ensuring dual coverage of cultural scientists, as well as through obtaining awareness of socio-cultural projects, such as carrying out foundations and establishing culture, community organizations and local activities. It is proved that the mutual work from the preparation of a cultural scientist, who is not without a wide range of current cultural knowledge, and also to create an organization (often funerary popularization), to the last (analytical) practical), as well as enabling activities in the sphere of culture and the department of foreign affairs culturology of Poltava Pedagogical University from hours of sleep. The wide base of stakeholders, which were obtained up to this point, is associated with the sphere of practice of such a specialist, which nurtures the foundations of light, and the establishment of culture, as well as the cultural and creative industries. In 2020, the adoption of a new standard for the specialty 034 Culturology did not deprive the class of subjects that formulate the necessary skills of a cultural scientist, and this meant the norm of preparation of the specialist, which includes the creation of the organization and the promotion of communication with government authorities, scientific and research institutions, information and analytical services, methods of mass information and cultural nutrition. This led to the establishment of close collaboration with stakeholders and territorial communities to train students to work in localities and villages in the region.

Spectral cleaving in solar type II radio bursts: Observations and interpretation

Context. Shock waves in the solar corona are associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Type II solar bursts are radio signatures of shock waves in the solar corona. They are driven by solar flares or CMEs. Despite extensive studies, the intricate spectral patterns observed in type II solar bursts occasionally pose new challenges for the theory of electron acceleration in shocks. Aims. We study a newly identified feature in type II solar bursts called spectral cleaving. This feature is characterized by the actual branching of a type II radio emission lane in radio spectral data. Methods. We analyzed the type II burst exhibiting spectral cleaving in high-fidelity dynamic spectra obtained using the URAN-2 radio telescope (8.25–33 MHz; Poltava region, Ukraine) on 2011 February 14. The high-resolution spectrograms were examined to ascertain its spectral morphology. Results. Our research represents the first recognition of spectral cleaving as a peculiarity of type II bursts that is yet to be classified. This effect occurs due to the shift (or migration) of radio source(s) along a shock front, which in turn is caused by changes in the magnetic field orientation ahead of the propagating shock front. Conclusions. The spectral cleaving observed in solar type II bursts reveals a distinct phenomenon that indicates complex interactions between shock waves and magnetic fields in the solar corona. This discovery enhances our understanding of the mechanisms behind solar radio emissions and emphasizes the need for further observational studies to verify these findings.

Influence of temperature conditions of the environment on the dynamics of collecting bee pollen and flower pollen by honey bees

The study conducted at the apiary of the National Scientific Center «P.I. Prokopovych Institute of Beekeeping» in Hadiach, Poltava region, from 2021 to 2023 investigates the dynamics of bee pollen collecting by honey bees of the Ukrainian steppe breed of the Hadiach type. This research focuses on understanding how weather conditions in the forest-steppe zone impact the mass, volume, and size of bee pollen, as well as the botanical composition of the collected pollen. The primary objective of this research is to analyze how different weather conditions influence the collection of bee pollen by honey bees. Specifically, the study aims to assess how variations in temperature, humidity, and other weather factors affect the quantity and quality of pollen collected, and how these factors interact with the flowering periods of key nectar plants. The study utilized hanging pollen collectors to gather pollen from bee colonies between 8 AM and 2 PM. The botanical origin of the pollen was determined through microscopic analysis and international palynological databases. The research focused on several common nectar plants, including red clover (Trifolium pratense), common primrose (Primula vulgaris), cornflower (Centaurea cyanus), common agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria), field thistle (Cirsium arvense), and common burdock (Carduus acanthoides). Weather conditions were classified into favorable (temperatures of 18–25°C and relative humidity of 57–72%) and unfavorable (cloudy days with northern winds, temperatures below 15°C or above 28°C, and humidity levels outside the 57–72% range). The research revealed that the average mass of bee pollen collected per season varied between 6.3 and 6.6 kg per bee colony. The study found that different plants responded differently to weather condi­tions. For instance, the mass of pollen from red clover ranged from 8.3 to 12.0 mg under favorable conditions, while field thistle showed a decrease in pollen mass during unfavorable conditions. Pollen collection began in mid-April and continued until mid-August. During unfavorable weather conditions, there was a noticeable reduction in pollen mass, which was attributed to lower pollen availability. However, some plants showed better pollen production under adverse conditions. The spring peak in pollen collection, associated with active colony growth, was also influenced by the less diverse summer flora. Temperature data for 2021–2023 indicated that the most favorable conditions for pollen collection varied annually. For example, the cool spring of 2021 delayed bee colony development, while 2022 experienced normal weather conditions. In contrast, 2023 saw active pollen collection during acacia blooming but a reduction duringlime blooming due to insufficient pollen. The study underscores the importance of considering a comprehensive range of weather conditions when evaluating bee colony productivity. The findings highlight that both temperature and humidity significantly impact pollen collection. The results suggest that beekeepers need to account for these variables in their management practices to optimize pollen collection. Further research should explore the interactions between different weather factors and their combined effects on bee foraging behavior and pollen production. Additionally, studies could investigate how changes in climate over longer periods affect bee colony performance and pollen dynamics, providing insights for developing adaptive strategies in beekeeping.

Коти в Київській Русі: звідки вони з’явилися і якими були в Середньовіччі?

The article provides information about cats in the Kyivan Rus based on archaeological and historical data. The modern domestic cat is not a descendant of the nominal subspecies of the European wildcat (Felis silvestris s. str.), but is genetically related to the African subspecies (Felis silvestris lybica). It began its journey into human homes somewhere in the Fertile Crescent. The first domestic cats appeared in Europe during the Neolithic period. In Ukraine, domestic cats were first recorded at Trypillian sites. The second wave of the appearance of domestic cats is linked to the Roman influence in the 1st to 4th centuries CE, while the third wave is associated with the Vikings, who brought cats back to their homes from long journeys starting in the 7th century CE. All periods of the domestic cat’s spread in Europe coincide with increased trading activity. For example, one of the earliest domestic cats in the Rus was found in a 10th-century burial at an Early Rus cemetery in Shestovytsia, a site associated with Scandinavians and revealing their distant contacts. Domestic cat remains are also found in 10th-century complexes in Kyiv, the capital of Rus, a city whose economic foundation was also trade. Later, in the 12th century, domestic cats became much more numerous, as evidenced by zooarchaeological materials from Vyshhorod, Zvenyhorod, Voyin, Ltava, Old Ryazan, Novgorod, and other locations. Modern research refutes the conventional belief that domestic cat bones are found mainly in cities. Evidence shows that domestic cats were also present at rural sites in the Kyiv district and Poltava region. In the Middle Ages, cats grew to quite large sizes, likely due to their living conditions in human homes, which provided more stable and higher-quality food. However, cats were not merely household pets; they were often kept near homes primarily for rodent control, as they predominantly consumed the rodents they caught. Notably, the spread of domestic cats in Europe during the Roman and Viking times coincided with the spread of the black rat. Additionally, cats were occasionally used for fur and leather, as indicated by archaeological finds in Scandinavia and northern Rus. In rare instances of famine, cats were also consumed.

Grain harvesting combiners’ use in Poltava region. Analysis and forecasts

The study aims to find technical, organizational, and economic mechanisms for improving the efficiency of grain harvesters by the example of the resource potential of agricultural harvesting equipment in the Poltava region. The study relied on statistical data, including both quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain harvesters. The information was gathered from agricultural producers in the Poltava region, regardless of the form of ownership. The data was collected through automated records kept by the agricultural machinery registration department of the State Production and Consumer Service in Poltava. The information pertains to the end of the year 2023. The following indicators and characteristics have been studied in detail: the total number of combine harvesters registered in the Poltava region and their average age since the date of manufacture; absolute quantitative indicators regarding the duration of use of grain harvesters according to agricultural machinery manufacturers as of 2023; and relative indicators regarding the duration of use of grain harvesters according to agricultural machinery manufacturers as of 2023. After conducting the statistical analysis, it was found that machines from certain manufacturers have been used for over ten years in higher percentages: John Deere (66,23 %), Fortschritt (68,75 %), Claas (72,32 %), Case (81,42 %), combine harvesters manufactured in Ukraine and post-Soviet countries (88,60 %), Volvo (91,67 %), Massey Ferguson (94,12 %), Sampo (100 %), New Holland (28.1 %). In the specified category "combines older than 10 years prevail", the most commonly used combiners in the Poltava region are John Deere, Claas, Case combiners, and ones manufactured in Ukraine and post-Soviet countries. This makes up the majority of the combiner park in Poltava Region under current conditions. The national economy is currently facing the challenge of efficiently and effectively assessing the technical condition of grain harvesters, whether old or new. This has become an urgent issue that requires immediate attention. It is crucial to pay special attention to the quality of repair work done on the various units and components of these machines, ensuring that all necessary spare parts and accessories are provided.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ЗДОРОВ’ЯРОЗВИВАЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА СУЧАСНОГО ЗАКЛАДУ ОСВІТИ

The article examines content-technological aspects of modeling the health development environment (HED) by management teams of experimental HEDs, characterizes the types, types and samples of the latest health-preserving technologies for the implementation of the HED model of HEDs. The experience of implementing a logical-functional model of a health-developmental environment in secondary schools of the Poltava Region from 2017 to now has been analyzed, which provides for the creation of an educational environment that corresponds to the humanistic-competence paradigm and the principles of the New Ukrainian School. The periodicity of changes in the model is evaluated: from 2017 to 2021, when ZROS was focused on creating a health-developing environment in primary classes, and from 2021 to now, when new challenges are taken into account, in particular, the state of war, which affected the safety of the educational environment and the creation such an environment in primary school. The article emphasizes the autonomy of educational institutions in the formation of reference conditions for personality development. The organizational and functional aspects of the modeling of social security, in particular, changes in the regulatory and legal framework, the creation of methodological communities with the participation of scientists, and the development of comprehensive educational programs are considered. Emphasis is placed on management teams aimed at supporting healthy lifestyles and a safe environment for students and staff. The newest tasks for the period 2021-2026 are considered separately, in particular, the formation of a psychologically comfortable environment, motivation for physical activity, the introduction of an inclusive educational space and support for ecological behavior. The results of the simulation of integrated courses for students of 5-6 grades, focused on the development of competencies in the field of health, safety and well-being, are presented. The importance of adapting educational processes to new realities and the needs of further development of the health-developmental environment model to ensure high-quality education and support the health of students is emphasized. Key words: humanistic-competency paradigm of education, institution of general secondary education, technological bases of modeling, health-developmental environment, education seekers, logical-functional model, health-preserving competence.

REGIONAL FLORISTIC RARITIES OF POLTAVA REGION: ECOLOGICAL- PHYTOCENOTIC CHARACTERISTICS, DISTRIBUTION AND CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

The study provides an eco-phytocenotic characterization and assessment of regional floral rarities in the Poltava region. The distribution conditions of these rarities are considered, along with proposed strategies for conserving and protecting valuable plant species. The research results are important for understanding the region’s biodiversity and developing conservation programs for natural ecosystems.The results of the expeditionary research conducted by the authors from 2006 to 2023 indicate that there are 12 species of rare flora in the studied region. Of these, 7 species are forest-dwelling, 1 is found in marshes, and 4 are characteristic of salt marshes and saline meadows. Four species grow at the western and southern borders of their range in the Poltava region two at the eastern border, and two species more are represented by isolated localities. These species require special protection and attention, making it crucial to preserve all identified localities of these rare species, investigate the condition of their populations, and monitor their status in the future.

Morphological features of enamel in fluorosis of different degrees of severity

The occurrence of dental fluorosis is facilitated by a violation of enamel mineralization caused by fluorides, which enter the human body in excess during its development and formation and have a toxic effect on enamel blasts. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of fluorosis are not fully understood. Enamel formation is a complex process involving cell proliferation and differentiation through epithelial-mesenchymal sequential secretion of matrix proteins, tissue-specific transport of ions including calcium and fluoride, and precipitation and alignment of enamel crystals through interactions between organic and inorganic molecules. Understanding the morphological features of enamel changes during fluoride intoxication of the human body in the endemic region allows us to clearly understand the need for a comprehensive solution to this medical and social problem. The aim was to study the morphological features of enamel in fluorosis in residents of the endemic region of Ukraine, in particular the Poltava region. The work examines different groups of teeth (both intact and affected by fluorosis) removed for orthodontic or clinical indications in men and women aged 17 to 40 years. Morphological signs were studied first on native, and later on histochemically stained sections. It was established that the violation of the structure of the enamel layer of the teeth in mild and severe fluorosis is characterized by both partial and complete violation of the movement of the enamel prisms with signs of destruction. Fragmentation and homogeneity throughout the entire thickness were found in some areas of the enamel. When evaluating histochemically stained sections of teeth affected by fluorosis, it was established that dystrophic changes in the enamel structure and accumulation of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the lesions are more characteristic of mild and moderate forms. Under the conditions of a severe form of fluorosis, complete destruction of the prisms, fragmentation of the lamella, homogenization of areas on the entire enamel layer, which is due to the uneven distribution of acidic mucopolysaccharides, have been established. Morphologically and histochemically dystrophic changes in the areas of the affected enamel are confirmed by uneven distribution and accumulation of acidic glycosaminoglycans. An assessment of the effect of fluoride intoxication on the state of tooth enamel was carried out, which will allow to expand the possibilities of preventive measures for related specialists, as well as to create and develop additional treatment methods that will contribute to the improvement of physical and aesthetic indicators of teeth. dental health.

Comparative Characterisation of Key Epidemiological Indicators of Tuberculosis in Poltava Region for 2018—2023

For many years, tuberculosis has remained one of the pressing issues in global healthcare systems. The COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine have caused negative changes in all spheres of life, including tuberculosis morbidity. Objective — to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale war on key epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis in Poltava Region during the period of 2018—2023. Materials and methods. An analysis of the main epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis in Poltava Region was conducted using official statistical reports and analytical collections for the years 2018—2023. Three periods were distinguished for comparison: pre-COVID-19 pandemic (2018—2019), during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020—2021) and during the full-scale war (2022—2023). Results and discussion. During the pre-COVID-19 period in Poltava Region, as in Ukraine, there was a gradual decrease in tuberculosis morbidity (including the frequency of relapses). In 2019, this indicator in the region decreased by 14 % compared to 2018 (from 59.5 to 52.1 per 100,000 population). With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine, as in Poltava Region, the frequency of detection of pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis decreased by 1.5 times. After the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukrainian territory, tuberculosis morbidity in Ukraine began to increase, almost reaching pre-pandemic levels in the last 2 years. In Poltava Region during this period, morbidity increased by almost 28 % (from 34.9 per 100,000 population in 2021 to 48.4 per 100,000 population in 2023). Conclusions. Tuberculosis most commonly affects unemployed males of working age. Tuberculosis morbidity remains higher in rural areas. Over the analysed period, there was a gradual decrease in tuberculosis mortality in both Ukraine and Poltava Region. Since 2015, this indicator in Poltava Region has decreased almost threefold — from 11.5 to 3.9 per 100,000 population in 2023.

STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AT REGIONAL LEVEL

The introduction of antibiotics revolutionized medicine, dramatically reducing deaths and illnesses caused by infections. However, decades of overuse have accelerated the evolution of microorganisms, leading to a critical challenge: antibiotic resistance. This research aims to investigate the regional risk factors contributing to antibiotic resistance among the Poltava region population. Materials and methods. 100 patients of the 2nd Municipal Clinical Hospital and the Regional (Republican) Center for Emergency Medical Aid and Disaster Medicine of Poltava were included in the study. Data collection was carried out from November 2023 to March 2024. Patients were offered a series of 11 questions. Research results. This study has revealed the following antibiotic usage patterns among the residents of the Poltava region. It has been found that 22% of respondents are currently undergoing treatment, 8% in the last month, 36% in the last year, and 34% of the respondents tool the treatment for more than a year. When using antibiotics without a prescription, 30% of patients consulted a pharmacy, 52% trusted the Internet, 10% chose the cheapest medicine, and 8% followed advertisements. For subsequent illnesses, 76% of respondents used antibiotics they had taken before: amoxicillin (42%), ciprofloxacin (28%), azithromycin (22%), and chloramphenicol (8%). While 80% reported following prescribed antibiotic regimens, 20% interrupted treatment prematurely due to perceived improvement. Despite 84% acknowledging the importance of completing antibiotic courses, a concerning 16% were unaware of this crucial practice. Interestingly, 11% reported using antibiotics for preventive purposes (before getting sick). However, a positive trend emerged: 85% of respondents confirmed undergoing testing for bacterial susceptibility before receiving antibiotics. Only 9% reported amoxicillin as ineffective. When antibiotics were ineffective, 46% of respondents consulted a doctor, 24% took no action and waited for the antibiotic to take effect, 21% stopped one antibiotic and started another, and 14% preferred intramuscular injections and self-medication. Conclusion. A significant number of patients (48%) take antibacterial drugs without a doctor's prescription and 52% search for information on the Internet. 76% of patients use the same drug for a recurrent disease. Amoxicillin is the most often preferred (42%), a smaller number of patients came to the pharmacy for ciprofloxacin (28%), 22% of respondents preferred azithromycin. This study underscores the necessity for public health interventions to tackle antibiotic misuse and misconceptions in the Poltava region. Promoting responsible usage, emphasizing the importance of completing treatment courses, and discouraging self-medication are crucial steps in combating the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.

Information and methodological provision of statistical analysis of the intensity of subsoil use in Ukraine in accordance with the goals of sustainable development in the pre-war and war period

It has been established that the information base for the statistical analysis of the intensity of subsoil use is aggregated statistical information based on individual statistical data contained in the Tax Declaration on rent payments with its annexes. An analysis of the structure of tax revenues of rent payments to local budgets by region of Ukraine for 2021 was carried out. It was found that Dnipropetrovsk region has the largest share of rent payments as tax revenue of local budgets, and Odesa region has the lowest. Regions were grouped according to the components of the rent in terms of natural resources. Zhytomyr region is the leader in terms of tax revenue from rent for the use of forest resources, Zaporizhia region for water resources, Poltava region for national importance, and Kyiv region for subsoil of local importance. The distribution of regions according to the amount of rent for the use of subsoil of national and local importance is given. It was found that the vast majority of local budgets have a predominance of the amount of rent received for the use of subsoil of national importance over local ones, except for Kyiv, Ternopil and Chernivtsi regions. The regions of Ukraine were grouped by specialization in subsoil use based on the local budgets of each region for 2021. Ten regions specialize in the use of subsoil of national significance. Nine regions have the highest share of tax revenues from rent for the use of forest resources. Four regions have specialization in the use of water resources. Subsoil of local importance is a priority natural resource for the Ternopil region. An assessment of the profitability of mining enterprises among all enterprises of the extractive industry and the development of quarries by region during the period of martial law was carried out. It was found that in most regions of Ukraine in 2022, more than half of the mining enterprises were unprofitable.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRAINING OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS SPECIALISTS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE

The paper examines the historical aspects of the development specialists in decorative and applied arts training in Ukraine on the example of porcelain production (late 18th century – today) and its current state abroad. In line with the issue of introduction of this direction of decorative and applied art in our country, examples of its flourishing in the cities of Koret (production of baroque Meissen porcelain), Baranivka, Hrodnytsia, Dovbysh (Iliinskyi Manufactory, Markhlov Factory, Dovbysh Porcelain Factory, Polonsky Porcelain Factory); Poltava, Boryslav, Sumy, Ternopil (opening of porcelain factories in 1965) are characterized. It has been found that along with the foundation and development of porcelain industries there were professional schools focused on training skilled craftsmen to work in the factory, in particular schools in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv; Myrhorod Art and Industrial School in Poltava region, etc.). The high-quality training of pottery and porcelain and faience specialists, teachers of graphic arts and drawing, masters of artistic decoration of products ready to perform significant amounts of physical work - making tiles, bulky dishes, decorating the facades of churches, houses, fireplaces, creating sculptures, interior and exterior decorations - was facilitated by the activities of famous artists and teachers S. Maslenikov, O. Slastion, and V. Krychevskyi, who also supervised the production of outstanding works and participation in industrial exhibitions. Key words: decorative and applied arts, ethnological training of specialists, porcelain production, domestic and foreign experience, ethnography.

Contemporaneity of the Tree of Life Image in the Towels of Poltava Region of the 19th and 20th Centuries

The purpose of the article consists in identifying and analysing the ornaments of traditional towel embroidery of the Poltava region of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the peculiarities of the technique and technology of their production with a focus on the Tree of Life motif for the full reproduction of its authentic meaning in contemporary design.
 Research methodology is based on the methods of comparison, analysis and analogies used for a detailed literature analysis. Induction and deduction methods were useful for identifying the characteristic manifestations of the Poltava tradition against the background of embroidered towels of Ukraine. The typological and comparative methods were used in the study of the Poltava region territorial features. The historical method made it possible to study and identify the sequence of embroidery formation, symbolic and semantic features in embroidered towels. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comparison of the principles of depicting the Tree of Life in embroidered towels of Podillia, Polissia, and Poltava region of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; in the formation of a semiotic meanings list of the Tree of Life in towels of Poltava region, which have been scattered in various scientific works. The article provides recommendations for compliance with the authentic content in the interpretation of the symbolic elements of the Tree of Life image in the products of modern designer clothing brands. Conclusions. The Tree of Life is a complex ornamental element of embroidery, especially evident in the Poltava region, and has a wide range of symbolic meanings: a cosmogonic model of the world, the trinity of the three worlds, Family Tree, Mother Guardian, Holy Trinity, and Our Lady Oranta. In the Poltava region, the image of the Tree of Life in towels has been a well-established tradition since the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with characteristic details in the form of fancy flowers. One of the reasons for the levelling of the sacred and magical load of the Tree-Flower in the ornamental compositions of modern clothing brands can be considered a tendency to generally lighten the informational and philosophical content of the product following consumer tastes. Some Ukrainian designers and brands demonstrate options for models of a successful combination of folklore motifs and authentic tradition with modern fashion trends. Individual Ukrainian designers and brands demonstrate variants of models that successfully combine folklore motifs and authentic tradition with modern fashion trends. Brands recreate traditional embroidery in their own interpretation, so the variety of techniques and technologies for demonstrating embroidery has a rich potential for development.

Adaptive Reuse of Historic Rural School Buildings in Ukraine in the Poltava Region

The actual problem of adaptive reuse of historic buildings of rural schools in Ukraine is discussed in the article using the example of Poltava region. The history of the construction of Zemstvo schools in Ukraine is researched, the historical and cultural value of school buildings is determined, and their current condition is analyzed. Zemstvo schools of the architect O. Slastion in the Ukrainian architectural style have the greatest historical, cultural and social value. Factors affecting the choice of a new function of former school buildings are identified. For the first time, possible approaches to the adaptive reuse of historic rural school buildings are proposed: strategy of memorialization of buildings, strategy of social integration, strategy of active transformation of buildings. Adaptive reuse of historic school buildings is considered as one of the means of ensuring the sustainable development of rural communities.

Analysis of the causes of the occurrence and measures of prevention of pododermatitis in rabbits

Analysis of the causes of the occurrence and measures of prevention of pododermatitis in rabbits

Особливості впливу тренувальної програми у підготовчому періоді річного макроциклу на морфо-функціональні, силові та швидкісно-силові показники армрестлерів 14-15 років

Purpose: to define features of the influence of training means in the preparatory period of an annual macrocycle on morpho-functional, power and speed-power indicators of armwrestlers of 14-15 years old. Material and methods. The following methods were used in the research: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical information; pedagogical observation; pedagogical experiment; mathematical and statistical methods of the research with the use of the licensed program STATISTICA 10. The study was conducted on the territory of Poltava region in Kobeliaky on the basis of the State PTUZ «Professional Agrarian Lyceum» from January to June 2023, in which 10 armwrestlers aged 14–15 years took part who trained according to a speed- strength program Results: according to the conducted research the results of the sequential experiment are presented, which state the increase of functional indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory systems at the end of the research, also there was an increase of power indicators in all ЄДИНОБОРСТВА EDINOBORSTVA MARTIAL ARTS 2024 №1(31) 13 © Безкоровайний Д.О., Камаєв О.І., Орлов А.А., Глядя С.О. test exercises, and the increase of power was reliable (t-criterion ranged from 2,25 to 4,21 at p<0,05). Speed and power indicators (time of reaching the maximum force, speed and power index, force gradient, force for 500 ms and time of reaching the force of 1 kg) tended to improve, but reliable changes took place only in force for 500 ms and time of reaching the force of 1 kg (t- criterion ranged from 2,93 to 3,96 at p<0,05), and indicators of the left hand significantly increased. Conclusions. The block program of trainings allowed to improve considerably indicators of heart rate, blood pressure, vital index, coefficient of endurance that helped to achieve the reliable improvement of adaptive potential of young armwrestlers. During the experiment the indicators of strength of 14-15-year-old sportsmen in all test exercises increased significantly, on the basis of these changes the tendency to improvement of time of achievement of maximum force, gradient of force, speed-force index was determined, and results of the indicator of force for 500 ms and time of achievement of force in 1 kg significantly improved. Keywords: armwrestling, young athletes, explosive power, competitive exercises, speed and power indices.

NAT2 Gene Variants as a Provocative Factor for the Severe Course of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Ukrainian Patients

Background: Previous studies indicate a close relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and oxidative stress. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is an enzyme that metabolizes a wide range of xenobiotics and plays an important role in the regulation of reactive oxygen species, consequently contributing to the development of oxidative stress. Aim: To determine the impact of NAT2 gene variants on the risk of developing and the progression of severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia in patients from the Poltava region of Ukraine. Methods: The study included 117 patients who were diagnosed with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and received treatment in the intensive care unit. The NAT2 gene variants were identified through the PCR-RFLP method. Results: The presence of the AA genotype of the A803G variant in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with an almost 3-fold reduction in the risk of lethal outcomes. The presence of the TT genotype of the C481T variant was associated with the need for artificial lung ventilation. Patients in the study group with a heterozygous GA genotype of the G590A variant demonstrated a notable rise in the risk of developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome, with a nearly 2.5-fold and 3-fold increase, respectively. The G857A variant was not associated with the risk of developing the above-- mentioned complications in the examined patients. Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that the NAT2 gene variants might influence the incidence, course, and adverse consequences of COVID-19.

Analysis of natural prerequisites for the development of ecotourism in nature conservation areas (on the example of the Pyryatynskyi National Nature Park)


 
 
 This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the natural recreational resources of Piryatinsky NNP, which are attractive for the development of ecotourism. To achieve this goal, the paper uses general scientific methods of scientific knowledge (analysis and synthesis from information sources), as well as the cartographic method. Recommendations for attracting more ecotourists have been formulated and an ecotourism bicycle route has been developed. To determine the period of maximum recreational activity, a phenological calendar of visits to the park’s protected area was created. The results of this study highlight that spring and summer provide the best conditions for a wide range of activities: animal and plant observation, walking along ecological trails, hiking, and representation of the entire natural complex of the Uday River floodplain. Species diversity in autumn and winter is much lower, so visitors are offered a range of activities including zoo ecotourism, landscape ecotourism, and aqua ecotourism. It is also worth noting that not all natural locations are easily accessible, as 40.1% of the land is covered by wet-lands. The development of ecotourism within Piryatinsky NNP is promising, given the significant species biodiversity and the fact that the NNP is part of the Emerald Network of Europe, including the world’s smallest flower plant, the wolfia. When studying a protected area to organise ecotourism, it is necessary to take into account the availability of tourist infrastructure – equipped recreational areas for tourists, rental offices, etc. Based on the above material, it can be noted that a favorable basis for the development of ecotourism in Piryatinsky NNP is the following: location (proximity to Chernihiv and Kyiv regions; the administrative center of Piryatin city community in Lubny district; landscaped and «undeveloped» areas), biodiversity (attractive objects; river valley terraces), bioclimatic and environmental favourability. The park also has ecotourism routes and an educational eco-trail. Thus, the considered NNP as one of the ecotourism sites in Poltava region is an interesting place for environmental research. The practical significance of the study will allow involving stakeholders (local residents, business organizations) in active actions to develop ecotourism. The information presented in this paper will allow for certain decisions to be made when developing a park management strategy, as well as in the geographical distribution of guide training.