Pollution In Industrial Areas Research Articles

Causal relationships of health risk of air pollution in industrial area

Air contamination is one of the serious problems for the environment and the health of society. Air contamination risk assessment, health effects assessment tools are used to identify the place and time of public health effects and risk prevention strategies to reduce negative health effects. Considering that there may be a relationship between factors affecting risk, in this study, interactions between them are investigated using Fuzzy Decision Test and Experimental Evaluation Method (fuzzy DEMATEL). The cause of the health air contamination risk in an industrial area are the activity of industrial complexes and port (D+R=45.98, D-R=2.09) and the presence of hydrogen sulfide (46.82, 2.61), benzene (50.87, 2.87), sulfur dioxide (43.87, 4.32) and PM10 (53.51, 5.63) and the effects of these factors will affect the amount of carbon monoxide (39.56, -4.47), ozone (38.80, -4.20), nitrogen dioxide (50.33, -1.62) and PM2.5 (44.18, -1.26). Hospitals and nursing homes (49.01, -2.58), schools (50.99, -0.59), storage and industrial facilities, roads (45.72, -0.59), urban core (51.38, -0.55) and Natural zones, agriculture and waterways (48.86, -0.17) are affected by other factors. Population density is also affected by cause factors. Population density has a two-way relationship with PM2.5. The main human and social factors include GDP per capita and urbanization rate. Hydrogen sulfide has a one-way relationship with population density. People who work in certain industries may be exposed to higher amounts of hydrogen sulfide than the general population. These industries include the production of rayon textiles, pulp and paper factories, oil and natural gas drilling operations, and wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, by controlling the activity of industrial complexes, port and the amounts of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, sulfur dioxide and PM10 in the ambient air can be prevented from the effects after that.

An integrated uncrewed aerial vehicle platform with sensing and sampling systems for the measurement of air pollutant concentrations

Abstract. In this study, an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) platform with sensing and sampling systems was developed for three-dimensional (3D) measurements of air pollutant concentrations. The sensing system of this platform contains multiple microsensors and Internet of Things devices for determining the 3D distributions of four critical air pollutants and two meteorological parameters in real time. Moreover, the sampling system comprises remote-controllable gas sampling kits, each of which contains a 1 L Tedlar bag for the 3D measurement of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations according to the Toxic Organics-15 (TO-15) method of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The performance of the developed UAV platform was verified in experiments where it was used to detect air pollutant emissions from a large industrial zone in Taiwan that included a traditional industrial park, a precision machinery park, and a municipal waste incineration plant. Three locations were selected as field measurement sites according to the prevailing local wind direction. The vertical distributions of four critical air pollutants, the ambient temperature, and the relative humidity were determined from data gathered at the aforementioned sites in March and May 2023. A total of 56 and 72 chemical species were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in these two periods, respectively. The experimental results verified the feasibility of using the proposed UAV platform for accurately evaluating the air pollutant concentration distribution and transport in an industrial zone. The sampling system can be used as the sampling part of the TO-15 method, thus extending the method to measure the 3D distribution of VOCs in an area. The UAV platform can serve as a useful tool in the management of and decision-making process for air pollution in industrial areas.

Heavy metals and radionuclides in Islamabad's industrial area: A comprehensive analysis of soil and water pollution, source apportionment and health effects using statistical and geospatial tools

IntroductionHeavy metal pollution in industrial areas around the world is a significant problem that is worsening day by day. Heavy and toxic metals are detrimental to human health and ecology in a region. Hence, determining their level and potential is critical to form effective pollution control strategies for reducing the risks associated with them. Study areaIslamabad is the capital city of Pakistan with a dedicated industrial zone. PurposeThis study evaluated the heavy metal pollution levels in the soil and water of Islamabad's industrial area and radionuclides activity in the soil using statistical, geospatial tools as well as their subsequent health and ecological hazards. Materials and methodsElemental analysis in this study was performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The radionuclides activity in the soil was quantified using High Purity Germanium Detector (HPGe). ResultsThe soil of Islamabad's industrial area is highly polluted with heavy and toxic metals. The risk posed by heavy metals to the eco-system was calculated using Ecological risk factor and was found to be above recommended level. Principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson's correlation and inverse distance weighting interpolation (IDW) revealed that the soil near the steel mills, landfill and marble processing plants is extremely polluted with heavy metals. Health hazards from heavy metal exposure through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact were also calculated. Cr posed a carcinogenic risk to children via the three exposure pathways with the value being 4 × 10−4. Natural radioactivity levels for Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 were found to be 25.96±12.50, 15.84±2.59, 469.48±52.38 Bqkg−1, respectively. Elemental analysis of water samples coupled with geospatial analysis showed that water samples collected near the industrial complexes have elevated levels of Sb. The water quality for irrigation was assessed and the water from Islamabad's industrial area was found to be suitable for irrigation. ConclusionIn conclusion, the soil of Islamabad's industrial area is highly polluted with heavy metals and has lower levels of natural radioactivity. The water near the industries also has elevated levels of some heavy metals.

Assessment of Hydro-Geochemical Indices of Periyar River in Eloor Industrial Belt (Kerala), India to Identify Potential Environmental Impacts

The study investigated the role of hydrogeochemical parameters that act as indicators of environmental pollution in industrial areas of Periyar River, Kerala India. A total of 20 water/sediment samples collected along the industrial stretch of Eloor-Vypin area during the premonsoon season of the year 2020. Among the hydrochemical parameters, extent of pollution was imparted by the assessment of nutrients and heavy metals concentration. The micro nutrients such as silicate (640-3440μg/L), ammonia (4.42-894.2μg/L), phosphate (28.65-132.41μg/L), nitrite (3.12-30.14μg/L), and nitrate (50.13-851.97μg/L) were found to have higher enrichment at locations near the industrial areas of the study. The identified heavy metals, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Th having concentrations ranging from 1.0-152.4, 1.2-49.2, 1.2-31.7, 3.0-26.2, 1.1-13.3, 0.1-3.2μg/L, respectively. Various pollution indices suggest that the sediments having low to moderate level heavy metal contamination. The conditions may be worsen in the future if the industrial activities are continued in an unregulated manner. Keywords: Industrial Pollution; Heavy Metals; WQI; Hydrochemical Studies; Contamination Factor

PENENTUAN KADAR NITROGEN DIOKSIDA (NO2) DALAM UDARA AMBIEN DENGAN METODE GRIESS SALTZMAN MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) contributes greatly as a precursor to a number of harmful secondary air pollutants including nitric acid, the nitrate portion of secondary inorganic aerosols and oxidants including ozone. Nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2) is an ambient air pollutant along with the element nitrogen monoxide (NO) which is usually produced from human activities such as burning vehicle engine fuel, burning rubbish, burning coal and industry. This research aims to monitor the quality of air pollution in industrial areas in East Jakarta. The NO2 content in the air can be determined using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer method based on SNI 7119-2: 2017. The principle of NO2 testing uses a UV-Vis spectrophotometer based on SNI 7119-2: 2017. From the results of the tests carried out, it can be concluded that the NO2 level obtained in sample 1 was found to be 25,153 µg/Nm3, in sample 2 the NO2 level was 28,371 µg/Nm3, in sample 3 the NO2 level was 107,022 µg/Nm3, in sample 4 the NO2 level was 29,720 µg/Nm3. Nm3, and in sample 5 the NO2 level was 83.446 µg/Nm3. Based on PP RI No. 22 attachment VII of 2021 concerning air pollution control, the quality standard for NO2 is 200 µg/Nm3 for 1 hour. So it can be concluded from the results of the tests that have been carried out that the NO2 levels in the environment are still below the quality standard, which means that it is not a source of NO2 pollution, is safe and meets the requirements for human health and the environment.

Compositional Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds in Typical Industrial Areas of the Pearl River Delta: Importance of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key components of tropospheric chemistry, of which industrial emissions are an important source of atmospheric VOCs. In this study, online measurements of 74 VOCs were made in a typical industrial area of the Pearl River Delta in southern China during the early summer of 2021. The mean volume mixing ratio of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) was (81.9±45.4)×10-9 during the campaign. Among them, oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) accounted for the largest fraction of TVOC, with an average of 51.5%, followed by aromatics, accounting for 19.4% of TVOC. The proportion of OVOCs in TVOC gradually increased with the increase in TVOC concentration. Industry-related emissions were the main contributors to aromatics and OVOCs in this region. Aromatics and OVOCs were the two major contributors to the ozone formation potential (OFP), accounting for 56.4% and 26.7%, respectively. Furthermore, OVOCs also contributed 40.0% of the total ·OH reactivity from VOCs. Xylenes, toluene, acrolein, and ethyl acetate had a greater contribution to the formation of secondary pollution; thus, these species should be given priority for controlling secondary pollution. Our results underscore the severity of OVOCs pollution in industrial areas and the important roles of OVOCs in secondary pollution.

Lichen Biodiversity Index (LBI) for the Assessment of Air Quality in an Industrial City in Pahang, Malaysia

Lichen is a well-documented useful biological indicator for monitoring air pollution using various methods such as the biodiversity of lichens. However, the use of lichen biodiversity to estimate air pollution levels in industrial areas, particularly in Malaysia, is still weak, and the determinants of its diversity are unknown. As a result, the purpose of this research is to analyse air pollution in Malaysia’s industrial urban area using the lichen biodiversity index and its determining factor. This research was carried out at Gebeng, Pahang, Malaysia. A total of 14 sample locations were chosen, each with three replication stations. The Lichen Biodiversity Index (LBI) approach was employed in this study to estimate the degree of air pollution in Gebeng. This study also investigated three potential determinants of lichen biodiversity: carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, relative humidity (%), and vehicle motor frequency (per hour). The LBI was plotted and analysed using the Geographical Information System (GIS) programme ArcGIS 10.8.1, and the determining variables were identified using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient software PAST 4.03. This study discovered a total of 11 lichen species known as metropolitan lichen. The average LBI across Gebeng is 19.5 (moderate alteration). In the industrial region, CO has an inversely significant relation with lichen biodiversity (r = −0.7433), relative humidity has a significant relation with lichen biodiversity (r = 0.8249), and vehicle motors are not significant as a determining factor for lichen biodiversity (r = 0.2068). This study demonstrates that lichen, with its diversity of species in one place, can be utilised to measure and quantify the degree of air pollution in industrial areas. In addition to that, in the context of an industrial city, vehicle motors do not have a significant impact on lichen biodiversity due to the existence of other pollutants sources from industrial activities. Relative humidity is a sign of clean air and humid surroundings, which is good for lichen growth; meanwhile, higher CO concentration will restrict the growth of sensitive-type lichen and will only allow the resistant type of lichen to grow.

Characteristics and secondary transformation potential of volatile organic compounds in Wuhan, China

In this study, comprehensive field observations were collected out in urban, suburban and industrial areas of Wuhan, China in winter to compare and analyse the concentration level, source and secondary transformation potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). And the CJZ, SLDD and HGQ sites were used to assess the atmospheric VOC pollution in urban, suburban and industrial areas respectively. The total VOC (TVOC) concentrations at the three sites were 25.35 ± 12.66, 28.55 ± 9.19 and 66.81 ± 65.40 ppb, respectively, which shows that pollution in the industrial area is more serious. Vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions are the main sources of VOC emissions in Wuhan. The contributions of vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions to the VOCs are 57.03%, 48.44% and 55.18% at the CJZ, SLDD and HGQ sites, respectively. High potential source contribution function values mainly occur in the east and southwest areas of the sampling sites, indicating that Wuhan has a strong local VOC source. In addition, alkenes and aromatics play a leading role in secondary conversion during selected periods of relatively high O3 concentration. At the same time, the simulation results of the F0AM model fall within the VOC-limited regimes, and the suburban and industrial area are more sensitive to VOCs. The O3 concentration can be effectively reduced when the reduction ratio of AVOCs/NOx is 1.25–1.56, 1.11–1.20 and 1.42–1.61. In general, it is imperative to reduce VOC emissions by region and implement active VOC-species-focused strategies.

Industries in Delhi: Air pollution versus respiratory morbidities

Industrialization has been contributing to the economic development of countries all over the globe but on the other side of the coin, it is also causing deterioration of the environment as well as human health. Air pollution in industrial areas has emerged as a hasten issue in recent years due to its aggravated effects on health and wellbeing. The objectives of the study are to analyze the concentrations of air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2 & CO) in industrial areas of Delhi and to assess the association among meteorological variables, air pollutants, and respiratory diseases of industrial workers and their family members. To map these pollutants concentration, Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation techniques were employed. The results showed that several industrial areas were cloaked with all these four pollutants in varied ranges and different seasons. The increase in the number of registered and operating industries in Delhi, and the consequential rise in the air pollutants' concentrations followed the quadratic polynomial trend. Spearman’s rho correlation technique revealed that the respiratory disease entries of workers and their families depicted a statistically strong negative correlation with temperature, rainfall, and wind speeds while a strong positive association with PM2.5, NO2, and CO.

Cytotoxicity and Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by Highly Resistant Marine Bacteria

Environmental pollution of heavy metals is increasingly becoming a problem and has become of great concern due to the adverse effects it is causing around the world. These inorganic pollutants are being discarded in our waters, soils and into the atmosphere due to the rapidly growing agriculture and metal industries, improper waste disposal, fertilizers, and pesticides. Pollution in industrial areas is a serious environmental concern. Wastewater containing biotoxic substances of heavy metals in the ecosystem is one of the most important environmental and health challenges in our society. Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach for the remediation of inorganic metals (Cr, Hg, Cd, and Pb) released into the environment and to safeguard the ecosystem. Mercury (Hg), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are known to cause damage to living organisms, including human beings. In this regard, recent advances in microbes-base heavy metal have propelled bioremediation as a prospective alternative to conventional techniques. Heavy metals are nonbiodegradable and could be toxic to microbes. Several microorganisms have evolved to develop detoxification mechanisms to counter the toxic effects of these inorganic metals. Several marine bacteria highly resistant and capable of growing at higher concentrations of Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb and to evaluate their potential to detoxify. Their detoxification efficiency for Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb indicates good potential for application in bioremediation of toxic heavy metals.

Public perceptions towards air and water pollution in industrial areas of Himachal Pradesh, India

Background: Industrialization carries with it the seeds of environmental damage and has always entailed some serious population health challenges. Reforms initiated seems to be not sufficient. There was a felt need to identify people’s perspective on industrial pollution and its health hazards in the seriously polluted areas of Himachal Pradesh.Methods: We designed a qualitative study on the perceptions of people towards air and water pollution due to the industrial activities. Eight focus group discussions were convened to extract the public opinion.Results: The narratives of participants formed five broad thematic areas. It emerged that they have experienced the change in the climate of the area and relied more on their senses to assess their exposure and in identifying sources of pollution. It was endorsed that industries pollute mainly during the night hours. They were of opinion that the overpopulation due to immigration leading to overcrowding and unhygienic sanitation practices have also contributed adversely to their health. There is a general understanding that industry contribute more to these problems than individual. The level of health awareness needs to be raised through extensive IEC activities.Conclusions: The contribution of the industries to the environmental degradation has been perceived by the people. Multi sectoral approach is the need of the hour with more stringent laws and accurate monitoring mechanism and due importance to the views of the general public should be given in the policies and planning.

A Preliminary Study on Pollution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil around a Thermal Power Plant of Xi'an City

To understand the status and risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution in industrial areas in China. The total of 4 surface soil samples were collected from a thermal power plant of Xi’an. The concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, the composition, source, pollution level and risk assessment of PAHs in surface soil of thermal power plant were studied. The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs ranged from 3.28 to 8.88 μg•g-1, with a mean of 5.52 μg•g-1. The concentration of 7 carcinogenic PAHs (Σ7CPAHs) ranged from 1.52 to 4.82 μg•g-1, with a mean of 2.60 μg•g-1. The ∑PAHs in around thermal power plant surface soils of Xi’an belonged to serious pollution level. The PAHs in present study were mainly composed of medium molecular weight PAHs and high molecular weight PAHs, which have strong three effects. The results of source analysis showed that the PAHs in surface soil were mainly originated from the combustion of fossil oil, coal, wood and other biomass. The results of ecological risks of PAHs in the surface soil showed that all samples were polluted generally. The potential ecological risk of PAHs belonged to the serious level in individual PAHs and samples. There are two samples value of TEQBap exceed the security value 0.600 μg•g-1. Therefore, the environment of industrial areas should be attention and controlled.

Spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the soil of coal chemical industrial areas

Heavy metal soil pollution in the coal chemical industrial area has attracted increasing attention with the rapid development of the coal chemical industry. The spatial distribution and the source of heavy metals in the soil in coal chemical industrial areas should be investigated to help prevent further heavy metal pollution in industrial areas, and reduce heavy metal exposure to factory workers. A coal chemical factory in northwest China was studied. A chessboard sampling method was used to collect 153 soil samples. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and a mercury vapor analyzer were used to quantify five heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr, and As). The spatial distributions of these five heavy metals were simulated using several statistical methods and the spatial maps of the five heavy metal concentrations were obtained. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals excluding Pb were higher than their respective soil background values in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ningxia). The concentrations of Hg, Cd, Cr, and As were 4.00, 4.00, 1.50, and 1.08 times of their background concentrations, respectively. In contrast to the production flow chart, the soil on both sides of the trunk road and the coal transport corridor at the factory had relatively high Pb and Cd concentrations. The slag dump of the gasification residues had the highest Cr concentration because of the local prevailing winds. Concentrations of Hg, Cd, and As in the downwind direction of the prevailing winds from the coal combustion unit chimney were significantly high. In this study, the spatial distributions of five heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr, and As) in the soil at a coal chemical factory were obtained. The respective sources of heavy metals in the soil were determined. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution in coal chemical factories.

The migration and transformation regular study of metal manganese in surface soil of Yiwang Industrial Park in Shanxi Province, China

ABSTRACTAll kinds of industries can produce a large amount of the heavy metal Mn emission, especially in the Mn steel plant production process. The assessment of Mn pollution in industrial areas is vital to human health and soil conservation. First, there are 120 samples of 0–5 cm and samples 9 of 0–40 cm of the surface soil collected from outside. Next, the soil column test is applied to study the migration and speciation regularity of Mn in 0–40 cm of soil layer, and then a forecasting model is established to verify and evaluate the Mn pollution in the study area. After the exogenous Mn enters the soil, Mn soon transforms into a more stable form in soil at 0–20 cm depth. But the residual amounts of Mn in deep soil increases with the increase of exogenous Mn. The main speciation of Mn in surface soil includes residual, oxide-bound, and organic-bound forms. Carbonate-bound form is sensitive to the increase of exogenous Mn. The exogenous Mn content has less influence on the content of oxide-bound and organic-bound forms in soils below 20 cm. The prediction model can be used to evaluate the degree of pollution of Mn in surface soil of the study area.

Oak tree-rings record spatial-temporal pollution trends from different sources in Terni (Central Italy).

Monitoring atmospheric pollution in industrial areas near urban center is essential to infer past levels of contamination and to evaluate the impact for environmental health and safety. The main aim of this study was to understand if the chemical composition of tree-ring wood can be used for monitoring spatial-temporal variability of pollutants in Terni, Central Italy, one of the most polluted towns in Italy. Tree cores were taken from 32 downy oaks (Quercus pubescens) located at different distances from several pollutant sources, including a large steel factory. Trace element (Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Hg, Mo, Ni, Tl, W, U, V, and Zn) index in tree-ring wood was determined using high-resolution laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). We hypothesized that the presence of contaminants detected in tree-rings reflected industrial activities over time. The accumulation of contaminants in tree-rings was affected by anthropogenic activities in the period 1958-2009, though signals varied in intensity with the distance of trees from the industrial plant. A stronger limitation of tree growth was observed in the proximity of the industrial plant in comparison with other pollutant sources. Levels of Cr, Ni, Mo, V, U and W increased in tree-ring profiles of trees close to the steel factory, especially during the 80's and 90's, in correspondence to a peak of pollution in this period, as recorded by air quality monitoring stations. Uranium contents in our tree-rings were difficult to explain, while the higher contents of Cu, Hg, Pb, and Tl could be related to the contaminants released from an incinerator located close to the industrial plant. The accumulation of contaminants in tree-rings reflected the historical variation of environmental pollution in the considered urban context.

Behaviour change: Trialling a novel approach to reduce industrial stormwater pollution

The evidence base for the performance and effectiveness of non-structural measures to manage stormwater pollution in industrial areas is relatively underdeveloped, despite their increased use in practice. This study aims to advance stormwater management practice and research by presenting a detailed case study of the development, implementation and evaluation of a targeted behaviour change trial that engaged small to medium industrial businesses in stormwater pollution prevention. Utilising a combination of different behaviour change strategies - including capacity building, social norms and commitment - a number of preventative stormwater pollution behaviours were changed in participating businesses. Our study provides a practice model for tackling stormwater pollution from a behavioural perspective that can be further developed by both practitioners and researchers to create effective and long-lasting change.

Suitability of selected bioindicators of atmospheric pollution in the industrialised region of Ostrava, Upper Silesia, Czech Republic.

This study is a continuation of our preceding research identifying suitable environmental samples for the tracing of atmospheric pollution in industrial areas. Three additional types of environmental samples were used to characterise contamination sources in the industrial area of Ostrava city, Czech Republic. The region is known for its extensive metallurgical and mining activities. Fingerprinting of stable Pb isotopes was applied to distinguish individual sources of anthropogenic Pb. A wide range of 206Pb/207Pb ratios was observed in the investigated samples: 206Pb/207Pb=1.168-1.198 in mosses; 206Pb/207Pb=1.167-1.215 in soils and 206Pb/207Pb=1.158-1.184 in tree cores. Black and brown coal combustion, as well as metallurgical activities, is the two main sources of pollution in the area. Fossil fuel burning in industry and households seems to be a stronger source of Pb emissions than from the metallurgical industry. Concentration analyses of tree rings showed that a significant increase in As concentrations occurred between 1999 and 2016 (from 0.38mgkg-1 to 13.8mgkg-1). This shift corresponds to the use of brown coal from Bílina, Czech Republic, with an increased As concentration. The burning of low-quality fuels in households remains a problem in the area, as small ground sources have a greater influence on the air quality than do industrial sources.

Evaluating the suitability of different environmental samples for tracing atmospheric pollution in industrial areas

Samples of lichens, snow and particulate matter (PM10, 24 h) are used for the source identification of air pollution in the heavily industrialized region of Ostrava, Upper Silesia, Czech Republic. An integrated approach that uses different environmental samples for metal concentration and Pb isotope analyses was applied. The broad range of isotope ratios in the samples indicates a combination of different pollution sources, the strongest among them being the metallurgical industry, bituminous coal combustion and traffic. Snow samples are proven as the most relevant indicator for tracing metal(loid)s and recent local contamination in the atmosphere. Lichens can be successfully used as tracers of the long-term activity of local and remote sources of contamination. The combination of PM10 with snow can provide very useful information for evaluation of current pollution sources.

Autonomous Online Predictive Monitoring System for Hazardous Air Pollution Prediction: A Case Study

Environment is increasingly becoming an important issue in the world of politics and global economy as well as people's life. Environmental deterioration resulted from human activity; misuse of natural resources. Pollution is now a global issue that ecologically, economically and politically requires imminent, intelligent and global solutions. This paper present findings and results of a real project, supported by the Environmental Public Authority of Kuwait, intended to design, implement and test an autonomous intelligent system responsible for online monitoring and assessing hazardous air pollution in industrial areas in the state of Kuwait. The system is capable of acquiring data from sensors planted into the industrial area and communicates its captured data through wireless network to a server. The server analyzes and learns from data. The system goes further by introducing the idea of “self-controlled decision-making” process. The findings presented here show great promises for such approach and discuss several design issues in such environment.

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF ROADSIDE PLANT (MANGIFERA INDICA,L)EXPOSED TO VEHICULAR POLLUTION IN INDORE CITY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO M .L. B. COLLEGE , KILABHAVAN INDORE (M.P.) INDIA

The present study gives an idea of changes taking place in plants morphology. Under the influence of urban air pollution. By the many activities of man, the composition and complex nature of environment gets changed. These activities include industrialization, population explosion construction, and transportation. In cities vehicles are major contributors of air pollution. The vehicular emissions have a very harmful effect on the ecology.The important parameters like pH, chlorophyll, Biomass, Leaf area which help study of vehicular pollution in Industrial area.