Pollution Emission Sources Research Articles

Health risk to the population in Norilsk under exposure of substances polluting ambient air

Introduction. The city of Norilsk is included in the list of cities participating in the federal project “Clean Air.” The comprehensive action plan for protecting atmospheric air of substances provides a 75% reduction in emissions and a decrease in the level of pollution from “very high” to “high.” The aim of the study was to assess human health risk from chemicals that pollute the atmospheric air of the city of Norilsk before the implementation of a complex of air protection measures. Also, we planned to identify priority factors and sources of risk. Material and methods. The assessment of carcinogenic, acute, and chronic non-carcinogenic health risks was carried out at 1105 points of location of residential buildings in the city based on summary calculations of dispersion. The database of parameters of 2145 sources of pollutant emissions into the atmospheric air of the city was used. Results. Unacceptable, including high levels of risk to the health of citizens, have been established to be registered throughout the city. More than 181.8 thousand people live in high-risk zones. Risks occur both during short-term and long-term exposure to atmospheric pollution. The risk indicators for respiratory disorders diseases of the immune system and the blood system are ten or more times higher than the acceptable levels. There have been eleven priority pollutants contributing up to 90% to unacceptable risks (nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, copper, nickel, lead oxides, the sum of various types of industrial dust, etc.). Conclusion. In general, aerogenic health risks require urgent measures to reduce them. The planned measures to suppress sulfur dioxide emissions, nitrogen oxides, and dust in Norilsk are generally large-scale and adequate to the priority risk factors. At the same time, it is necessary to develop and implement measures to reduce emissions of heavy metal compounds. Until the levels of acceptable health risk are reached, measures of a medical and prophylactic nature are relevant as compensation measures provided for by current legislation.

АНАЛИЗ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ЖКХ Г. АТЫРАУ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

The state of the environment is influenced by various spheres of economic activity, including housing and communal services (HCS). The issues of the housing and communal services functioning in Kazakhstan are one of the priority directions in ensuring the environmental safety of the country. The article provides a SWOT analysis of the activities of housing and communal services enterprises in ensuring the environmental safety of Atyrau. The given article has generated information about the enterprises of the housing and communal services of the city of Atyrau, in particular, the activities of enterprises for electricity supply, gas, steam and air conditioning, water supply enterprises, sewage systems, control over the collection and distribution of waste, stationary sources of pollutant emissions and the volume of their emissions. The official statistical information on industry and the environment, published on the website of the Committee on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, has been studied. In particular, the indicators for 2017-2019 have been analyzed in the context of the regions of Kazakhstan. In the course of the study, a sociological survey was conducted among the population of Atyrau to determine the opinion on the impact of the activities of housing and communal services enterprises on the environment. Based on the results of the study, measures have been proposed to improve the environmental situation in the city of Atyrau, as well directions of activities of housing and communal services enterprises in ensuring environmental safety have been determined. The study was carried out within the framework of scientific project «Economic mechanism for the development of housing and communal services in ensuring environmental safety (on the example of Atyrau)» by intra-university funding.

Improving source inversion performance of airborne pollutant emissions by modifying atmospheric dispersion scheme through sensitivity analysis combined with optimization model

Estimating accurately airborne pollutant emissions source information (source strength and location) is important for achieving effective air pollution management or adequate emergency responses to accidents. Inversion method is one of the useful tools to identify the source parameters. The atmospheric dispersion scheme has been proven to be the key to determining the source inversion performance by influencing the accuracy of the dispersion models. Modifying the atmospheric dispersion scheme is an important potential method to improve the inversion performance, but this has not been studied previously. To fill this gap, a novel approach for parameter sensitivity analysis combined with an optimization method was proposed to improve the source inversion performance by optimizing empirical scheme. The dispersion coefficients σy and σz of the typical BRIGGS scheme under different atmospheric dispersion conditions were optimized and used for air pollutant dispersion and source inversion. The results showed that the prediction performance of the air pollutant concentrations was greatly improved with statistical indices |FB| and NMSE decreased by 0.22 and 2.07, respectively; FAC2 and R increased by 0.10, and 0.08, respectively. For source inversion, the results of the significance analysis suggested that the accuracy in the source strength and location parameter (x0) were both significantly improved by ∼271% (relative deviation reduced from 60.0% to 16.2%) and ∼121% (absolute deviation reduced from 27.6 to 12.5 m). The improvement of source strength inversion accuracy was more significant under unstable atmospheric conditions (stability class A, B, and C); the mean absolute relative deviation was reduced by 97.5%. These results can help to obtain more accurate source information and to provide reliable reference for air pollution managements or emergency response to accidents. This study provides a novel and versatile approach to improve estimation performance of pollutant emission sources and enhances our understanding of source inversion.

PM2.5 concentration estimation with 1-km resolution at high coverage over urban agglomerations in China using the BPNN-KED approach and potential application

Fine particle matter (PM2.5) significantly affects the atmospheric environment and human health. The satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD), which could represent the concentration of atmospheric particles to a certain extent, is widely used for estimating ambient PM2.5 concentration, in combination with diverse auxiliary information. However, the general satellite-derived PM2.5 products exhibit limitation in the application and aggregate analysis of PM2.5 in urban areas, because of the moderate spatial resolution to match the urban landscape and low spatial coverage making it hard to describe airmass trajectory. In order to explore the potential application value of PM2.5 concentration products with relatively high spatial coverage and resolution, a two-stage machine learning and geo-statistics coupled model incorporating with a feedback mechanism was proposed in this study. To be specific, we firstly develop a hybrid back-propagation neural network coupled kriging with external drifting approach (BPNN-KED) for estimating 1-km daily PM2.5 concentration maps at high coverage over four urban agglomerations in China. The model performs well, with R2 up to 0.83 and root mean square error of 14.7 μg/m3 from cross-validation. The daily PM2.5 maps display an average spatial coverage exceeding 95%, and on an average, each grid produces 350 days of valid estimations annually. In addition, the extra value of the high-coverage PM2.5 estimates were explored through the more accurate aggregate analysis of urban PM2.5 pollution level. The advantage of the high-coverage PM2.5 estimation is demonstrated through daily PM2.5 hotspot identification over urban areas, providing substantially fine spatially resolved PM2.5 trends, which offers the potential for daily pollutant emission sources location through satellite remote sensing technology. Moreover, the spatiotemporally continuous PM2.5 concentrations possess the ability to capture polluted air mass trajectories, thereby offering observational support not only for evaluating the contribution from exogenous pollutants to local PM2.5 concentrations and but also for providing empirical references for haze warning.

Role of zero emission vehicles in sustainable transformation of the Indian automobile industry

The Indian automobile industry is growing rapidly; however, it is predominantly served by internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The ICEVs are the primary source of urban pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The alarming levels of urban pollution are putting enormous pressure on the Indian automobile industry to switch from ICEVs to zero emission vehicles such as electric vehicles (EVs). Even though the potential of EVs as a safe transportation alternative has been acknowledged and encouraged by Indian government, the commercialization of EVs has not received the desired success as of now. There are many hindrances to large-scale adoption of EVs such as high initial price, driving range anxiety, lack of proper charging infrastructure, and underdeveloped battery technology etc. This study aims to evaluate the conducive factors for EV adoption and completes in three phases. In the first phase, supporting forces to EV adoption in India are explored using political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal (PESTEL) analysis, and capability needs for EV manufacturing business in India are identified in phase two using the people, process, technology, and finance (PPTF) framework. Finally, segment analysis is performed to find out the most profitable segment to foray into the current situation.

Effect of forest and agricultural land use on the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in relation to soil properties and possible pollution sources

This study investigated the effects of forest and agricultural land use on the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in relation to the chemical and biochemical properties of soil. The heavy metal content in soil samples was also determined; PAH diagnostic ratios were used to identify pollution emission sources. Soils from the Rybnik Forest District of Poland, which has suffered some of the most intense impacts from industrial PAH emissions in Europe, were investigated. Six 200-m-long transects were designated for the experiment, with samples taken every 50 m. These transects were located across forest, agricultural land, and ecotone zones. The organic C and total N contents, pH, hydrolytic acidity and base cation content of the soil samples were determined, as well as the microbial biomass of C, N and P, the enzymatic activity, and the PAH and heavy metal content. A significant impact of land management on the PAH content of the soil due to the supply of organic matter was confirmed. The forest soils were more contaminated with PAHs than the agricultural soils, with an average PAH content in the forest soils of 565.18 µg·kg−1, almost six times higher than in agricultural soils (91.42 µg·kg−1). In addition, soil biological activity, expressed by enzymatic activity, depended on the amount and quality of the soil organic matter and, to a lesser extent, on the PAHs and heavy metals accumulated in the soils. This study confirmed that organic matter has a significant impact on PAH accumulation and is the main soil component involved in the sorption and ageing of PAHs.

Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on the Long-Range Transport of Common Air Pollutants in KUWAMS.

As a background sampling site in western Japan, the Kanazawa University Wajima Air Monitoring Station (KUWAMS) continuously observes the air pollutants, including PM1, PM2.5, organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC). Data for September 2019 to April 2020 were compared with data for September 2018 to April 2019. The mean concentrations of both PM1 and PM2.5 were 4.10 µg/m3 (47%) and 5.82 µg/m3 (33%) lower, respectively in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) period (January to April) than in the same period in 2019. Notably, the average concentrations of both classes of particulate matter (PM) in the COVID-19 period were the lowest for that period in all years since 2016. OC and EC also considerably lower (by 69 and 63%, respectively) during the COVID-19 period than during the same period in 2019. All pollutants were then started to increase after the resumption of the work in 2020. The pollutant variations correspond to the measure implemented during the COVID-19 period, including the nationwide lockdown and work resumption. Furthermore, the reductions in the ratios PM1/PM2.5 and OC/EC during COVID-19 period indicate lighter pollution and fewer emission sources. This analysis of the changes in the pollutant concentrations during the epidemic and non-epidemic periods illustrates the significance of the dominant pollution emissions at KUWAMS and the impact of pollution from China that undergoes long-range transport to KUWAMS.

Assessment of accumulation of fluorine compounds in selected tissues of laying hens depending on the distance from sources of pollutant emissions in Central Pomerania, Poland

Assessment of accumulation of fluorine compounds in selected tissues of laying hens depending on the distance from sources of pollutant emissions in Central Pomerania, Poland

Application and Research Based on Advanced Low-Emission Aero-Engine Combustion Chamber Technology in Domestic Large Aircraft

The international limits on pollution emissions from civil aviation transportation are becoming more and more stringent. Combustion chambers are the only source of pollution emissions from civil aviation engines. Reducing the amount of pollutant e missions is an important task facing the development of combustion chambers. Low-e mission combustion technology as one of the key technologies of civil aviation engines, it is the core technology that supports the development and market entry of civil aviation engines. In order to study the pressure oscillation characteristics of the low-emission combustion chamber under typical working conditions, the self-excited combustion oscillation characteristic test of the model combustion chamber is carried out. The results show that the local equivalent ratio pulsation is one of the factors that cause combustion instability. By calculating the maximum particle size of the fuel droplets in the secondary atomization state of the fuel, it is found that the change of the fuel droplet size has a direct effect on the local equivalent ratio pulsation at the outlet of the main fuel stage, which causes the amplitude and frequency of the combustion chamber pressure oscillation Variety.

How are the Two Most Polluted Metro-cities of India Combating Air Pollution? Way Forward after Lifting of COVID-19 Lockdown

The national capital region of Delhi and Kolkata are the two metro cities in India worst affected by poor air quality. Multiple policies have been declared and implemented by the city authority in the recent past with the hope of improving the air quality of the cities and to attain the national ambient air quality standard. This study assesses that these present policies can help to reduce air pollution in these cities as much as 20% in the optimistic assessment, which may not be sufficient to attain the clean-air goal soon. During April and May 2020, the nationwide lockdown to control the pandemic of COVID-19 has unintentionally resulted in improved air quality due to force reduction at pollution emission sources. Significant pollution emitting sectors in NCR-Delhi are still not covered in current policy measures adequately. The substantial contribution of secondary aerosol formation from its precursor gases is still not addressed in any city-specific policies. The present study attempts to assess these gaps in current air pollution control policies. A way forward is indicated to empower these two polluted metro cities to attain clean air after lifting of the lockdown for the safety of the city inhabitants.

HISTORICAL EMISSIONS AND FUTURE MITIGATION OF PRIMARY AIR POLLUTANTS FROM INDUSTRIAL BOILER IN CHINA

Industrial boilers are recognized as a significant anthropogenic emission source of primary air pollutants in China. By using specific and detailed statistical data and comprehensive time-varying dynamic emission factors (EFs), we calculated the temporal-spatial emission characteristics of total suspended particulate (TSP), SO2 and NOx from industrial boilers during 1980 to 2016 for the first time. Further emission trends from 2016 to 2030 were also forecasted based on the current atmospheric action policy. Our results showed a generally decreasing trend of the annual EFs for TSP, SO2 and NOx due to implementation of stricter local emission standards, application of advanced emission control technologies, and elimination of small and inefficient boilers. In 2016, national TSP, SO2 and NOx emissions from industrial boilers were estimated at 5.43, 6.99 and 2.47 million tons (Mt), respectively. The higher emissions of primary air pollutants from coal-fired industrial boilers (CFIBs) were concentrated in northeast and eastern China, while NOx emissions from gas-fired industrial boilers (GFIBs) were mainly concentrated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas. Under a series of current action plans, it would be successful in abating emissions of TSP, SO2 and NOx by 95%, 94% and 71% in the year of 2030. More attention should be paid to the whole process control of industrial boilers in the future polices making, such as introducing clean fuels for persistent emission reduction at source, strengthening the operation, maintenance and management of pollution control technologies to ensure the best control effect.

Urban Air Quality Studies in Mongolia: Pollution Characteristics and Future Research Needs

ABSTRACT For the last decades, Mongolia has seen an extensive escalation in population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, together with great increase in mining and usage of vehicles. As a result, a substantial increase has taken place in the types and number of emission sources of air pollutants, especially in urban areas. During the cold season, air pollution level in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, is frequently ranked as the highest in the world. However, due to the lack of air quality management, the country is suffering from a deterioration of air quality. Despite the worse air pollution situation, due to insufficient research capacity of the country, to date, research works on characteristics of air pollution have mainly been based on current capability and/or collaboration with foreign institutes. The research gap in this area necessitates numerous investigations, which could have great importance in developing mitigating strategies and minimizing the adverse impact of air pollution on local and regional scales. This paper reviews previously available studies and reports in international scientific journals on air quality in Mongolia. Based on the existing research works, future needs of studies on ambient air pollution in Mongolia are suggested.

Environmental Impact Assessment Caused by Emissions from the State Enterprise ‘Kolky Forestry’

Purpose. Estimation of the impact of State Enterprise ‘Kolky Forestry’ pollutants emissions on atmospheric air. Methods. Environmental chemical analysis, instrumental analysis, computational method, generalization and systematization methods, comparativeanalytical, descriptive and cartographic methods. Results. The sources of pollutant emissions of State Enterprise ‘Kolky Forestry’ were examined. During the equipment operation, the following substances are emitted into the atmospheric air: iron oxide, manganese and its compounds, nitrogen oxides (in terms of dioxide), carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, substances in the form of chemically undifferentiated suspended solids, hydrogen sulfide, benzene, hydrocarbons, xylene, toluene, sodium hydroxide, greenhouse gases (methane, carbon dioxide, dinitrogen oxide, NMVOCs). The assessment of pollutants emissions impact on the state of air pollution is carried out according to the results of the estimated dispersion of pollutants in the air and data obtained via instrumental research methods. The concentration of pollutants in the atmospheric surface layer at the borderline of the 100 m sanitary bufferis as follows: nitrogen oxides (in terms of dioxide) – 0.18 MPC, suspended solids – 0.55 MPC, sodium hydroxide (lye, caustic soda) – 0.10 MPC. Conclusions. The estimationof pollutants concentrationon the basis of actual and estimated emission rates revealed that harmful substances concentration in the atmospheric surface layer does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration and does not have a negative effect on human health and the state of the environment at the borderline of the sanitary buffer.

Contamination and Sources Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediments of Annaba Bay Basin, Algeria

Annaba gulf is a coastal area (southwestern Mediterranean Sea) that receives large diffuse inputs from Fertial plant, Seybouse wadi and Boujemaâ wadi, which are influenced by anthropogenic activities. Wastewaters and surface waters and sediments from these sites were analyzed for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (16 PAHs) by using gas chromatography system operating with the flame ionizing detector (FID). Total PAHs ranged from 0.033 to 0.503 µg L–1 in water, and from 32.44 to 509.58 µg kg–1dw in sediments. In order to identify pollution emission sources of PAHs, three source identification techniques were used, including diagnostic ratios, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). The results show that the pollution originated mainly from pyrogenic inputs in water and sediments. Annaba Bay basin is contaminated mainly by heavy PAHs discards originated from domestic and industrial wastewaters and traffic emissions.

Using a Micro Sampler on a Drone to Extract Organic Vapors—A Case Study of Monitoring Industrial Pollution

ABSTRACT Kaohsiung city located in the southern Taiwan is an industrial town and air pollutants were emitted from factories in the adjacent industrial zones. In order to track the pollution emission sources, a needle trap sampler (NTS), which is a micro solid phase microextraction (SPME) sampling device, was carried by a quadrotor drone to extract organic vapors from industries. The NTS was fabricated by packing divinylbenzene (DVB) particles of 60–80 mesh diameters into a 7 cm-long, 22-gauge stainless steel needle. The telescoping sampling device was carried by a DJI Mavic Pro quadrotor drone, and its effectiveness for extracting organic vapors from industrial processing air exhausts from chimneys was studied. The total weight of sampling device, including a NTS, a telescoping shaft, a Li-battery, a mini-air pump and the ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) loading frame, was less than 200 g. The mainly emitted compounds, including aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene of 1,450±650 ppb, ethylbenzene of 34±12 ppb and xylenes of 51±25 ppb), formaldehyde (50±12 ppb), alkanes (propane of 30±10 ppb), triacetin (7,620±1600 ppb) and terephthalic acid (20±5 ppb) were collected and then identified by the off-line gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectroscopy (MS) system in the laboratory. The quadrotor drone successfully monitored air pollution and tracked their emission sources from waste incineration, petroleum refinement, chemical processing and electronic part production.

How High-Polluting Firms Suffer from Being Distracted form Intended Purpose: A Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective.

High-polluting industries are regarded as the main sources of air pollutant emissions and the major factors that significantly destroy the ecological environment. Corporate innovation in high-polluting industries improves the energy consumption efficiency and reduces the emission of air pollutant, which mitigates the conflict between environment and economy. Using the sample of China’s listed firms from 2010 to 2017, this study examines the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financialization on corporate innovation in high-polluting industries. The results show that there is a positive association between CSR and corporate innovation, while there is a negative association between financialization and corporate innovation. Furthermore, the financialization of high-polluting firms can alleviate the promotion role of CSR in the innovation process. The financialization of state-owned enterprises in high-polluting industries may not have a crowding-out effect on research and development (R&D), but it can limit the R&D promotion effect of CSR engagements. In contrast, the financialization of non-state-owned enterprises will hinder corporate innovation, but it will not affect the association between CSR and technology innovation. We also find that the financialization of high-polluting firms with low financial constraints can alleviate the promotion role of CSR engagements in innovation. Meanwhile, the CSR engagements of high-polluting firms with high financial constraints play a stronger role in corporate innovation. During the implementation of environmental policies, the negative association between financialization and corporate innovation has been strengthened. Our findings can encourage high-polluting firms to make more efforts in environmental protection and social stability.

Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Micro-Grid Hybrid Wind and Solar Energy Systems - a Review

The rapid increase of population and city expansion has led to increased demand for electric power, which may tax conventional sources of electricity beyond their limits. Conventional electricity generation is also a source of environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. To overcome these problems and to reduce generation costs, there is a need to employ and integrate economical and clean renewable energy sources. These power sources are mainly solar and wind energy through implementation of micro-grids. This paper presents a survey of how to develop hybrid renewable energy sources, in this case, PV solar systems and small scale wind turbine systems, to convert solar and wind energy into electricity. The survey explains the required equipment for power conditioning and maximum power tracking techniques (MPPT). It also discusses various kinds of DC/DC converters and their operating principles. This survey also deals with MPPT algorithms and techniques including Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance, Ripple Correlation Control, Fuzzy Logic, Neural Networks, ANFIS, Neuro-Fuzzy algorithms, and Parasitic Capacitance and comparison is made among them. The overarching goal is to mitigate atmospheric changes and extract the maximum power and voltage while maintaining power system stability. Copyright © 2020 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

Stoichiometric characteristics and economic implications of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 from a resource-dependent city

The stoichiometric characteristics of water-soluble ions (WSIs) in PM2.5, which can be used as an indicator socioeconomic development level, are mostly depending on the sources and formation mechanism of PM2.5. This work presents the stoichiometric characteristics and socioeconomic linkage of WSIs in PM2.5 from a resource-dependent city. The relationship between NO3−/SO42− and car parc indexes the contribution of mobile emission source. The equivalent ratio of WSIs suggested that aerosol particles were weak acidic due to the deficiency of cations in PM2.5, which was consistent with the average annual pH (6.27) of precipitation in Wuhai in 2015. NH4+ neutralizes PM2.5 acidity in clean and polluted days, while Ca2+ and NH4+ in dust storm days. Furthermore, the PCA analysis indicated the multi-sources pollution characteristics from Spring to Fall, which was related the small build-up area (only 62.30 km2) and the close-set of various industrial enterprises in Wuhai. The ratios of NO2/SO2 may not work effectively to identify the importance of mobile versus stationary pollution emission sources when the heavy emission from the secondary industry, especially the proportion of secondary industry higher than 65% and the ratios of NO2/SO2 lower than 0.4. This work contributes to more effective control strategies for PM2.5 in resource-dependent areas.

Coupled models using radar network database to assess vehicular emissions in current and future scenarios

Vehicles are one of the most significant sources of air pollutant emissions in urban areas, and their real contribution always needs to be updated to predict impacts on air quality. Radar databases and traffic counts using statistical modeling is an alternative and low-cost approach to produce traffic activities data in each urban street to be used as input to predict vehicular emissions. In this work, we carried out a spatial statistical analysis of local radar data and calculated traffic flow using local radar data combined with different statistical models. Future scenarios about vehicle emission inventory to define public policies were also proposed and analyzed for Belo Horizonte (BH), a Brazilian State capital, with the third-largest metropolitan region in the country. The Normal-Neighborhood Model (i.e., the mixed effect model with random effect in the neighborhood, radar type, and in the regional area) was used to calculate traffic flow in each urban street. Results showed average reductions in CO (4.5%), NMHC (3.0%), NOx (3.0%) and PM2.5 (6.2%) emissions even with an increase in fleet composition (25% in average). The decrease is a result of the implementation of emission control programs by the government, improvements vehicles technologies, and the quality of fuels. Prediction of traffic data from radar databases has proven to be useful for avoiding the high costs of performing origin-destination surveys and traffic modeling using commercial software. Radar databases can provide many potential benefits for research and analysis in environmental and transportation planning. These findings can be incorporated in future investigations to implement public policies on vehicular emission reduction in urban areas and to advance environmental health effects research and human health risk assessment.

Spatio-temporal variability of near-surface air pollutants at four distinct geographical locations in Andhra Pradesh State of India.

India is highly vulnerable to air pollution in the recent decade, especially urban areas with rapidly growing urbanisation and industrialisation. Here, we present spatio-temporal variability of air pollutants at four distinct locations in Andhra Pradesh State of India. The mean concentrations of air pollutants were generally higher at Visakhapatnam site than Amaravati, Rajahmundry, and Tirumala sites. The mean concentration of particulate matter of diameter less than 2.5μm (PM2.5) was higher at Visakhapatnam site (48.5±27.3μg/m3) by a factor of about 1.6 as compared to Tirumala site (29.5±17μg/m3). On the contrary, the mean concentrations of oxides of nitrogen (NOx, 70.3±28.1μg/m3) and ammonia (NH3, 20.5±9.2μg/m3) were higher at Tirumala by a factor of about 1.4 and 1.9, respectively, as compared to Visakhapatnam (49±5 μg/m3 and 10.7±5μg/m3). This was mainly attributed to higher vehicular emissions at Tirumala site. PM2.5, carbon monoxide (CO), NOx, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) showed distinct seasonal variation, with higher concentrations in winter followed by post-monsoon, pre-monsoon and monsoon. The Concentration Weighted Trajectory analysis of PM2.5 based on 5-days backward air mass trajectories showed that all sites experienced northeast air mass flow indicative of the outflow from Indo-Gangetic Plain, particularly in the post-monsoon and winter seasons. The Continuous Wavelet Transform analysis further showed that higher variations in PM2.5 concentrations occurring at a regular interval from a week to 16 days at both Tirumala and Visakhapatnam sites, while weekly periods are dominant over Amaravati and Rajahmundry sites with 95% significance during post-monsoon and winter seasons. Overall, our results underline heterogeneity in air pollution emission sources and influx of pollutants from distant sources, which would be useful when formulating the policies and mitigation procedures for this region.