The genus Cardiochlamys was established by Oliver in 1883 for a plant collected in Madagascar independently by the three pioneers, Dr. R. Lyall, Rev. R. Baron and G. W. Parker; he named the single species known to him C. madagascariensis. Three further species were subsequently added to this genus, namely C. velutina Hallier f. (1893, Madagascar), C. thorelii Gagnepain (1915, Laos) and C. sinensis Hand.-Mazz. (1920, Yunnan). This disjunct distribution is sufficiently peculiar to raise suspicions; in fact Handel-Mazzetti, had been well aware of the isolation of the Madagascan species for he states 'species Madagascarienses longius distant'. A study of the available material confirms that more than one genus is involved. In its floral and fruiting characters C. thorelii differs widely from C. madagascariensis. C. sinensis is equally divergent and in facies is very close to Porana paniculata Roxb., in fact all the material in the Chinese covers at Kew proved to be C. sinensis! The degree of morphological similarity between these two is so great that it is impossible to put them in separate genera, despite technical characters of the calyx. In order to obtain additional evidence pollen slides were prepared. C. thorelii and C. sinensis have shallowly tricolpate grains very similar to those of Porana paniculata, but C. madagascariensis has quite different pantoporate grains, thus confirming my suspicions that Cardiochlamys is confined to Madagascar. Through the kindness of Prof. Dr. J. Miege, Director of the Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques at Geneva, I have been able to examine the type of C. velutina Hallier f. This also has pantoporate pollen grains. By its much more velvety indumentum and somewhat differently shaped leaves it is clearly distinct from C. madagascariensis; no other material of C. velutina appears to have been discovered and the fruits are unknown. It remains to find the correct disposition for the other species. Cardiochlamys sinensis, as has been mentioned, clearly has the same floral structure as Porana paniculata and differs only in the shape of the three accrescent calyx lobes; in P. paniculata they are narrow, whereas in C. sinensis they are ovate with a cordate base, and it is clear that the latter is better placed in Porana. Porana is a genus covering a wide range of variation in structure and Peter (in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3a): 24 (1891))