Political Socialization Research Articles

Exploring Political Socialization through the Lens of Giddens' Structuration Theory

Socialization is a fundamental process for the dissemination and comprehension of ideas, essential for maintaining and strengthening societal structures. It involves the exchange of values, beliefs, and perspectives, ensuring that these ideas are understood and valued within a community. This process also integrates individuals into social groups, fostering familiarity and acceptance among members. This study explores political socialization through the lens of Anthony Giddens’ Structuration Theory, which emphasizes the duality of structure and agency. By examining the interplay between social structures and individual actions, this research aims to provide a deeper understanding of how political norms and practices are produced and reproduced. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method, specifically the Literature Study Method, to trace theoretical details and provide an analytical focus on political socialization and Structuration Theory. The findings highlight that political socialization is a complex process influenced by various agents such as family, education systems, media, and political institutions, which shape individuals' political identities and behaviors. Moreover, Giddens’ Structuration Theory elucidates that social structures both constrain and enable political actions, emphasizing the reciprocal relationship between individuals and their social contexts. This study contributes to our understanding of how political socialization mechanisms contribute to societal stability and change by elucidating how individuals navigate and negotiate political structures through their everyday practices and interactions.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL (SPM) PADA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) DI PUSKESMAS BIROBULI

. This research aims to describe and explain the implementation of the SPM policy in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) health services at the Birobuli Community Health Center. This research method is a qualitative descriptive research method and data collection techniques are by means of observation, interviews and documentation. This research was conducted at the Birobuli Community Health Center using a purposive selection and selection technique for informants as many as 6 (six) people. This research uses aspects used by Donald Van Meter and Carl Van Horn, namely: 1. Policy Standards and Targets 2. Resources 3. Characteristics of Implementing Organizations 4. Communication between Implementing Organizations 5. Attitudes of Implementers 6. Social, Economic and Environmental Environments Political. Based on the results of research and discussion, standard variables and SPM policy targets for DM sufferers at the Bureaubuli Community Health Center still reached 80.13%, this figure has not yet reached the target set in Minister of Health Regulation No. 4 of 2019 because it is still hampered by the stages of data collection activities and early detection of DM sufferers. . Resource variables that do not fully support the implementation of the Diabetes Mellitus Health SPM at the Bureaubuli Community Health Center are also a factor in achieving the Health SPM target that has not reached 100%, such as human, financial and infrastructure resources that are still insufficient. The variable characteristics of implementing agents are related to the bureaucratic structure, norms and relationship patterns that are formed between policy implementers and have run well and in accordance with SOPs. Communication variables between implementers in implementing SPM policies for diabetes mellitus sufferers do not experience obstacles. The communication variable between implementers at the community health center is carried out directly because they are still in the same work area, while communication with implementers in the community is also carried out well and is supported by the use of online communication. The attitude/tendency variable of policy implementers such as the Health Service and the Bureaubuli Community Health Center gave a good response with the existence of a clear policy governing how to implement Diabetes Mellitus services in accordance with SPM Health standards. Economic, social and political environmental variables still have obstacles regarding all funding for SPM which must be accommodated with SPM. This means that in planning the Palu City regional budget, the SPM must be taken into account first in the budget planning. Apart from that, the economic capacity of the people of Palu City is also a supporting factor in the success of the Diabetes Mellitus Health SPM. Apart from that, political support is still lacking in perceived benefits in supporting DM health services that are in accordance with the SPM. The general conclusion is that the implementation of the Minimum Service Standards (SPM) policy in the Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Health Service at the Birobuli Health Center has not gone well.

Political Socialisation and Capacity Building through Decentralisation Rural Local Leadership

After attaining Independence in 1947, a committee headed by Balvantrai Mehta studied the problems of local government, like the absence of people’s participation, and suggested ways and means for improving the execution of ‘Community Development Programme’ (CDP) and ‘National Extension Service’ (NES) scheme, launched on 1952 and 1953 respectively, in a phased manner. The partial success of both CDP and NES led to the formation of a three-tier arrangement, which is the process of democratic decentralization. The political socialization process is through every human being learning the essentials of socio-political life science he or she comes into the world. The behavioral movement has sensitized scholars in comparative politics to shift their research area from the static aspects of structural, legal, and historical analysis of the rural local governments to the dynamic aspect of the functions of these institutions. This area has received impetus, especially from scholars who have been oriented toward the methodology of functionalists. India is acknowledged for its local administration through the ages. The present local government structure has its roots in Lord Mayo’s strategy of decentralization of 1870, followed by Lord Ripon’s enunciation of local government in 1884, which had heralded a new trend of bringing people to the centre-stage in managing their own affairs. Mahatma Gandhi said that “the centre of power is not in Delhi or Calcutta or Bombay or in big cities; it should be distributed among the seven hundred thousand villages of India.” The significance of local government in India has considerably increased in the post-independent India. There is a paucity of research work on political socialization aspects of the rural local body leaders at the national and international levels. This research work would add to the multidisciplinary research literature relevant to Politics and Public Administration, Social Work, Sociology, Rural Development, Economics, etc. The present research paper examines the political socialization aspects of the rural local body leaders from Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India.

Social Media and Political Propaganda: A double-edged Sword for Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria

Social Media and Political Propaganda: A double-edged Sword for Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria

A generational shift: how partisan alignment and the rise of social issues have produced a generation of Democrats

ABSTRACT American political elites are today more neatly divided on a wider range of issues than at any other point in the postwar era. How have these trends affected the political socialization of American youth? We argue that two distinctive aspects of US polarization, namely ideological alignment and the emergence of non-economic issues, have formed the foundation of a generational shift in favor of the Democratic party. We find that Millennials and Gen Z display levels of ideological alignment across economic, civil rights, and moral domains that are equal to or greater than previous generations. Their liberal positions on moral and civil rights issues are not only strongly predictive of vote choice, but also tend to offset any conservative positions on economic issues – in contrast to the way previous generations resolved such ideological tensions. As such, the push for a non-economic political agenda – a popular strategy in the last few decades, especially among Republicans – might well benefit the Democrats electorally as older generations are replaced.

Socialism and non-domination: a relational egalitarian approach

ABSTRACT In recent literature on the philosophical foundations of socialism a growing number of theorists have endorsed the claim that freedom as non-domination is a fundamental normative commitment undergirding socialist politics. On this sort of view, a broad range of traditional socialist claims can be explained and justified by reference to freedom as non-domination. In this paper, I argue that even if these theorists are right that opposition to domination is a core socialist normative commitment, it is not clear that that opposition is best understood in terms of a commitment to a particular conception of freedom. Instead, socialist opposition to domination can be more fruitfully understood as flowing from a commitment to a relational conception of equality, according to which relationships with a substantially egalitarian character have a special value. I argue, first, that a relational egalitarian construal of socialist opposition to domination can retain all of the benefits of the freedom as non-domination construal, and, secondly, that a relational egalitarian account will have benefits that a freedom as non-domination approach will lack. I conclude that there are still significant benefits to retaining a place for equality in our considered account of the normative foundations of socialism.

Voices Unveiled: Navigating Intersectionality in the Political Landscape of Chinese Women in Peninsular Malaysia

This study explores the factors influencing Chinese women's involvement in politics in Peninsular Malaysia, using qualitative interviews with ten participants selected via purposive sampling. Key informants include female political representatives, male politicians, academics and Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) activists. The research applies intersectionality theory to analyze how internal and external agents of political socialization and various challenges shape women's political engagement and culture. Internal socialization agents encompass education, economic status, family background, religion, ethnicity, and gender. External agents include Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), political parties, and community networks. The study identifies multiple challenges that Chinese women face, such as gender competition, cronyism, low political interest, time management conflicts, racial sentiments, sexist remarks, male dominance, competition from political opponents, and ideological barriers. These agents and challenges are intertwined and impact Chinese women's political culture, which, in turn, influences their empowerment in political, economic, and social spheres. The intersectionality framework reveals how overlapping social identities and systemic barriers shape their political experiences and efforts towards empowerment. This study provides insights into the complex dynamics affecting Chinese women's political participation and highlights the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance their roles in politics and broader societal contexts.

Historical Contribution of Socialist Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially after reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China has continuously advanced the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist political economy. Through the great practice of economic construction with Chinese characteristics, a socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics has been formed. As the latest theoretical achievement of Marxist political economy in contemporary China and the 21st-century world, Xi Jinping’s economic thought deeply reflects the Communist Party of China’s new understanding of the laws of economic development. With more pronounced subjectivity, originality, completeness, and theoretical richness, it not only provides a scientific guide for China’s high-quality economic development and the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country but also propels the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics to a new stage, contributing Chinese wisdom to the innovative development of Marxist political economy.

PENGARUH SOSIALISASI POLITIK TERHADAP PARTISIPASI PEMILIH PEMULA DI PULAU JAWA MENJELANG PEMILU 2024

Political socialization is the process of instilling political values in individuals and groups, which will later be useful and can form a culture in society. The role of political socialization is quite important in determining the political choices of an individual or group, especially when approaching the general election. In the 2024 general election, the most votes were obtained from the younger generation. When viewed from its territory, Java Islandis the island with the largest DPT in Indonesia among the total national voters in 38 provinces. The purpose of this study is to see how much influence political socialization has on the political participation of new voters on Java Island ahead of the 2024 general election. This study uses social learning theory to determine the effect of political socialization on political participation. The approach to this research is quantitative, with a survey method. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing a Likert scale questionnaire (5 points) to new voters domiciled in Java Island, Indonesia, with a non probability sampling type of convenience sampling technique and obtaining a sample size of 395. The questionnaire was distributed via social media to collect primary data. Data analysis was car ried out by processing and grouping the data that had been collected from respondents. In the dataanalysis, validity, reliability, and regression tests were also carried out to determine the feasibility of the instrument, the consistency of measurement results, and the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable. The results of the study showed that there was an influence between political socializationand the participation of new voters on Java Island ahead of the 2024 election.

Mapping of Psychosocial and Spiritual Practices During Pandemic: A Bibliometric Review

The COVID-19 outbreak significantly impacted every aspect of life. It disrupted dayto-day activities, including social interactions, education, health, employment, safety, nutrition, politics, and economic activities. This disruption had a severe impact on individuals’ well-being. This study examined how people used different coping strategies to enhance their well-being. Bibliometric mapping was carried out for this investigation, and the data was retrieved from the SCOPUS database. This database was chosen due to its wide use in social sciences and humanities. We searched the Scopus electronic database for literature published until December 2022 to find relevant studies. A total of 5767 documents were found to be relevant to the theme undertaken for the study. Different coping strategies, such as being grateful to others and God, cultivating spiritual values (i.e., compassion, honesty), maintaining calmness and selfcontrol through equanimity, preparing a gratitude journal, having hope and existential thinking, finding inspiration from cetaceans, managing stress through breathing, strength, and serenity, practising walking meditation, and fostering global togetherness, played a buffering role against stressors and stressful reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. By practising these psychosocial and spiritual strategies, individuals improved their well-being even during the challenging period of the pandemic, lockdowns, and economic crisis. Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Coping Strategies, Managing Stress, Traumatic Events

Penguatan Peran Politik Masyarakat dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa melalui Program Pengabdian Masyarakat

The focus of this research is to enhance community political participation in the village head elections in Separi Besar Village, Tenggarong Seberang Subdistrict, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, which has historically shown low participation rates. The research method used is action research with a participatory approach, involving collaboration between researchers, community leaders, and political experts. The research comprises three stages: preliminary study preparation, implementation of political socialization and outreach programs, and evaluation and reflection. The results of the research indicate that the community service program successfully increased political participation among villagers significantly. Before the intervention, only 30% of villagers actively participated in the village head elections; however, after the program was implemented, participation rose to 65%. The level of understanding among villagers regarding the importance of political participation and the election process also increased from 40% to 80%. Interviews and observations showed an increase in villagers' trust in the local political system and their involvement in other village activities. The recommendation from this research is to expand political education programs to other villages facing similar issues. These programs should include intensive socialization, distribution of educational materials, and election simulations to provide practical experience for villagers. These measures are expected to strengthen local democracy and enhance the overall welfare of village communities.

Opinion Instability and Measurement Errors: A G-Theory Analysis of College Students

ABSTRACT This study examines opinion instability among individuals from different ethnic groups (White, Latino, and Asian Americans) by analyzing measurement errors in survey measures. Using a multi-wave panel dataset of college students and employing generalizability theory, the study uncovers significant patterns. The results reveal that White students exhibit higher attitude reliability, characterized by larger variances in true opinions and smaller measurement errors. In contrast, Latino and Asian American students display lower attitude stability, with lower variances in true opinions and higher variances in both item-specific and measurement errors. Disparities in political socialization and issue concerns contribute to the observed attitude instability among Latino and Asian American students. Moreover, Asian American and Latino respondents require a greater number of survey items to mitigate measurement error compared to their White counterparts. However, the impact of multiple waves of surveys on improving reliability is limited for Latino and Asian American students compared to White students. These findings deepen our understanding of attitude stability across ethnic groups and underscore the importance of further research in this area.

Political Brand: Political Socialization Process and Development of Voting Intentions

Political Brand: Political Socialization Process and Development of Voting Intentions

Social Media and Political Communication in Ghana: Views of Inhabitants of Tema Metropolis

Though political parties are increasingly adopting social media to increase voter support, the efficacy of social media campaign strategies in enhancing political fortunes remains a subject of discussion in Ghana. This study explored the views of Ghanaians on the use of social media campaign strategies as a political communication tool. In all, 384 social media users who are voters residing within the Tema Metropolis participated in the study. Data was obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The study observed that Ghanaian political parties have a strong presence on social media. Again, Ghanaian political parties effectively rely on social media platforms to engage electorates. Also, they effectively use social media distribute creative and visually appealing contents about their policies and achievements to the electorates. Further, they adopt campaign-specific hash tags which are creative, memorable, catchy, and engaging to help them to capture attention of voters. The study concludes by accentuating the need for political parties to employ social media for constructive dialogue and engagement with voters to amplify the impact of social media campaigns on the political fortunes in Ghana. Finally, practical implications of the findings have been provided to facilitate effective application of social media campaign strategies for democratic governance.

Towards an integrated approach to EU foreign policy? Horizontal spillover across the humanitarian–development and the security–migration interfaces

ABSTRACT Combining theoretical insights from works on policy integration and institutional overlap, this article develops a novel analytical framework to account for variations in policy integration in the EU’s external relations. We argue that the greater the level of institutional fit between different areas of the EU’s external relations, the greater the prospects for deepening policy integration through a ‘horizontal spillover’ mechanism. Specifically, we argue that network formation, policy entrepreneurship and political socialisation are key elements of this horizontal spillover mechanism leading towards greater policy integration. Empirically, we explore the relevance of our theoretical claims for the interface between the EU’s development policy and its humanitarian aid policy and between the CSDP and external migration policy in the AFSJ domain. Whilst both policy interfaces have been marked by growing functional pressures, we show that differences in institutional fit have resulted in varying degrees of progress in policy integration.

Racist Agnotology: How Myth-Making about Institutions and Knowledge Production Contributes to Racialized Ignorance

Recently, scholars have revitalized the study of race by exploring how ignorance epistemologically fortifies racial domination. To articulate terms of analysis, much of this literature invokes two recurrent modes of racialized ignorance—racist essentialism and racialized nonknowing. We introduce a third mode—racist agnotology. With racist agnotology, actors perpetuate racialized ignorance by characterizing social constructionist accounts of race or anti-racist forms of knowledge as evidence of how knowledge-producing institutions—like science, academia, or other research-intensive fields—have become intellectually compromised or beholden to political principles that produce inaccurate knowledge about race. Whereas racist essentialism and racialized nonknowing produce ignorance by, respectively, distorting and occluding knowledge about racialized subjects, racist agnotology produces ignorance through stories and narratives about how such knowledge is prefigured by institutions. To demonstrate the usefulness of our contribution, and its relationship to extant literature, we empirically explore the intersection of race and health to illustrate how racialized ignorance thrives in patterned ways that reflect the logics of racist essentialism, racialized nonknowing, and racist agnotology. Our analysis reveals additional stakes and contours involved in the phenomenon of racialized ignorance. Importantly, it also reveals how many of the hermeneutic processes that have been revelatory for scholars and their study of race and ignorance—for example, demystification—can be used toward racist ends as well. In this regard, our contribution helps apprehend and theorize the social politics of knowledge involved in much of the contemporary, reactionary response to anti-racism or racial equity interventions.

Threads of Influence: Exploring the Nexus of History, Religion, and Culture in Shaping Chinese Women's Political Engagement in Peninsula Malaysia

The multi-ethnic factor has influenced gender-based political parties and culture. Thus, we shed light on how political socialization through indicators of religion, history, and culture influences Chinese women's behavior and political involvement in Peninsular Malaysia. The political participation of Chinese women in Malaysia remains low, as evidenced by the representation of Chinese women in decision-making sectors such as the State Legislative Assembly (DUN) and Parliament. We adopt a qualitative approach through intensive interview techniques with ten purposively selected participants. The primary informants interviewed include female Chinese political representatives, male politicians, academics, and NGO activists. Ultimately, we illustrate how political socialization through cultural, religious, and historical agents influences the political involvement of Chinese women in Peninsular Malaysia. The political culture of Chinese women is not static and has evolved based on contemporary changes before and after independence. The political culture of Chinese women has shifted from referencing Mainland China to survival in Malaya.

The Media and the Administration of Elections in Cameroon

One of the critical ways to determine the degree of democracy in a country is to see how free its press is. However, it is not only about seeing how the press is free but also how well it is participating in the political process, including the administration of elections. This paper argues that in Cameroon, the political liberalism of the early 1990s was associated with the emergence and proliferation of press freedoms. This 'new' media has been involved in the administration of elections in two fundamental ways: political communication and political socialization. The mass media in Cameroon has contributed to providing Cameroonians with political facts, raising public awareness and, to some extent, keeping the government responsive to demands for electoral reforms. The print newspaper, TV, and radio combined have emerged as prominent political communication and political socialization forces in the political landscape. However, they have not really operated without partisan tendencies. They continue to grapple with some challenges, which are mostly connected with door-to-door, face-to-face, limited/disproportionate outreach and coverage, government control of media and social media.

Social Media and Political Polarization: A Panel Study of 36 Countries from 2014 to 2020

Social Media and Political Polarization: A Panel Study of 36 Countries from 2014 to 2020

Editorial: Agents of political socialization in the 21st century

Editorial: Agents of political socialization in the 21st century