Right-wing Research Articles

The Essence and Legal Nature of Political Rights and Freedoms in the System of Other Human Rights

Examines the essence and problems of determining the legal nature of political rights and freedoms in the system of other human and civil rights from the point of view of the theory of natural and positive human rights; The doctrines of scientists regarding the classification of political rights, their criteria, correlation with personal, socio-economic rights are revealed within the framework of constitutional legal personality. The author concludes that, unlike other fundamental rights, political rights and freedoms, while not being absolute rights, are mainly associated with the institution of citizenship; implemented in an individual and collective format, and the essence of these rights depends on the level of development of the democratic mechanisms of the state, in creating the necessary conditions for the active participation of citizens in the management of affairs of state and public importance.

Revisiting Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's Economic Ideologies and Contemporary Relevance

: Research paper delves into the economic ideology of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, a prominent social reformer, jurist, and the principal architect of the Indian Constitution. While Ambedkar is widely recognized for his contributions to social justice and political rights, his perspectives on economics are equally significant. This paper aims to explore Ambedkar's economic philosophy, examining its roots, key principles, and implications for contemporary economic discourse. Through a thorough analysis of his writings, speeches, and policy recommendations, this research seeks to shed light on the relevance and applicability of Ambedkar's economic ideas in the present socio-economic context.

A Unique European Governance Structure : Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina Basis of Its Legitimacy and Controversial Accountability

In order to assess the successes and failures of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s (BiH) challenging road towards a fully functional democratic state aiming at membership in the European Union (EU), this paper examines the state-building process in BiH, and the transition from the post-Dayton political development, the work of the interim, ad-hoc political institution of the Office of the High Representative (OHR) in BiH, as well as the justification – if any - of its future existence and operation. Guided by the coordination dilemma, the research question of this paper is a reflection on the challenges of self-enforcing democratic institutions and how the OHR substitutes for it. This paper claims that the original purpose of the Dayton Peace Agreement (DPA) was to create a powerful yet limited institution of the OHR, one that is to be given sufficient power to institute behaviour, but is prevented from abusing its power. However, this purpose deviated in the years that followed the signing of the DPA, creating and institution which doings resemble liberal imperialism. The hypothesis of the paper is that the OHR has been abusing its power and that it is time to close it because it is no more a substitute for the self-enforcing democratic institutions. This paper claims that the problem of political officials’ lack of respect for the political and economic rights of citizens they administer, as investigated by Weingast, is one of the central features of the operation of the OHR in BiH. The novelty of the paper lies in the attempt to test if OHR could be a case that could serve as a very good field to test Weingast’s model (1997).

Democratization in the age of artificial intelligence: introduction to the special issue

ABSTRACT As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies become ubiquitous, research on their implications for democratization has blossomed. Will AI empower citizens and strengthen democracy or fuel the rise of autocracy? This special issue brings together diverse theoretical, conceptual, and empirical contributions to offer a synoptic perspective on this question across political contexts. In this introduction, we argue that the most significant socio-technical novelty pertaining to AI - the possibility for automated hyper-personalization - catalyses four structural changes that capture the complex relationship between AI, democratization, and autocratization. First, technology corporations have emerged as a new quasi-governing class that holds political power without democratic legitimacy. Second, automated hyper-personalization has transformed the citizen-state relationship by fostering hyper-technocracy and paternalism in democracies, and enhancing regimes' repertoires for controlling citizens in autocracies. Third, AI is changing the environment in which citizens exercise their political rights, exacerbating political polarization, societal fragmentation, and apathy. Finally, at the international level, AI has created new arenas for competition between democratic and authoritarian states, engendering a struggle for both technological capabilities and the values and norms that will govern them. The articles in this special issue explore these dynamics from micro impacts to structural changes in state behaviour and international relations.

Universal Refugee Social Protection Guidelines: A Discussion into the Challenges to Their Successful Adoption

AbstractThis paper discusses some of the impediments to the realization of refugee-specific conventions and the international bill of human rights content, i.e., the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the UDHR. The discrepancy highlights a broader failure in the diffusion of the global refugee regime and underscores the disparity between the intentions of global policy and its real-world impact. Challenges to global social policy diffusion (and the resultant implementation gaps in Africa) are examined through the use of secondary data on refugees in South Africa and the region. Also examined is the content of human rights conventions and their adoption. The challenges noted include (i) compulsory forms of power within the global governance system and constraints on the global refugee regime; (ii) protracted social conflict situations, funding gaps, geopolitical reordering and an ensuing lack of cohesion amongst stakeholders in the transference of global social policy and (iii) limitations in the content of refugee rights and a poor alignment of the said content at the national and local contexts.

The Contribution of the European Court of Human Rights to the Construction of a Corruption-Free Society

Abstract Corruption is a serious threat to the stability and security of societies, undermining institutions and democratic values, ethical principles, and justice, as well as sustainable development and the rule of law. It manifests itself in many ways and in a multitude of contexts, affecting almost all human rights, including economic and social rights (i.e., the right to work, the right to food, the right to housing, the right to health, the right to education, the right to public services, the right to development), as well as civil and political rights (i.e., the right to equality and non-discrimination, the right to political participation, the right to an effective remedy and to a fair trial). In this perspective, starting from an examination of the direct and negative impact of corruption on the enjoyment of human rights (Section 1), the analysis that follows focuses on the obligations of States to respect, promote, and above all, protect human rights (i.e., take all necessary measures to ensure their full enjoyment) (Section 2), traces the ECtHR’s most incisive pronouncements on violations of individual guarantees in the context of corruption (Section 3), and highlights the crucial role of the Court’s case law in defining more effective, preventive, and punitive measures against corruption (Section 4).

The Ordinariness of January 6: Rhetorics of Participation in Antidemocratic Culture

The January 6, 2021, Capitol riot appeared as an extraordinary and shocking event to many American citizens. In fact, the various framings of the riot such as “insurrection,” “sedition,” or “domestic terrorism” seem to confirm the unprecedented nature of the day. By contrast, in this article we argue that January 6 can be understood in terms of its ordinariness, that is, as “the most ordinary thing that could happen” when viewed in the context of right-wing politics. We first argue that the reliance on a universalized dichotomy between authoritarianism and democracy in current research on right-wing politics in the United States tends to reify those terms, and thus miss the ordinary and routine dimension of antidemocratic practices. We subsequently propose the concept antidemocratic cultures to understand how right-wing political dispositions are fabricated through and mediated by rhetorical acts including speech, written texts, and embodied everyday practice. We analyze the rhetoric of participation of riot participants by reading their text messages, social media posts, and interviews with law enforcement and news media, as detailed in their arrest sheets. The rhetoric of participation of riot participants reveals how political dispositions are fabricated through ordinary language use and how these identities congeal in antidemocratic cultures. In the last section, we further discuss how a theory of antidemocratic cultures provides a novel framework to understand contemporary right-wing politics.

Imperialist Multispecies Aspirations

Humanities and social science scholars have recently turned their attention to the embeddedness of microbes in human life as a potential way to decentre the human and thereby decolonise assumptions about the human conquest of the natural world. In this article, I argue that, before such claims can be made, careful historical, regional, and ethnographic analyses of human-microbe relations are needed. My case study of a Japanese sustainable development, agricultural, and environmental NGO shows that human attunement to microbes is not necessarily decolonial in the context of Japan’s modern history. In fact, discourses of human openness to microbial life find affinity with Japanese nationalism and imperialism. Through my analysis, I contribute to scholarship that reveals how environmental visions link up with conservative and right-wing politics.

The Triple Nexus and the Future of Multilateral Governance: Rethinking Coordination between Humanitarian, Development and Peacebuilding Efforts

ABSTRACT The UN-orchestrated Triple Nexus – a multilateral endeavour to provide humanitarian-development-peace responses in fragile and conflict-affected contexts – embodies several features of the emerging trend towards governance through regime complexity. Praised for its multi-actorness inclusivity and cross-policy experimentalism, the Nexus approach has been criticised as an attempt to replicate top-down, neo-liberal templates to govern crises in the peripheries. We analyse the new evidence provided in this Special Issue, connecting it to the debate on the future of multilateral governance, against the decline of the Liberal International Order (LIO). Guarding against naïve expectations of the Nexus as a panacea to bridge cross-policy gaps and bring about inter-agency cooperation amidst increased geopolitical tensions, we discuss its potential to become a venue for an enlarged conversation among traditional and new players. While also compatible with pluralist scenarios, a progressive variety of the Nexus may well emerge in the UN context, between Western and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) players. Their shared understandings of civil and political rights offer a promising avenue to advance some forward-looking Nexus components, supportive of individual and nature-based rights, to govern the increased complexity of the current multiplex order.

Embracing Liberalism’s Complexity

ABSTRACT Liberalism offers communities an eclectic set of core values and diverse institutions that may improve the chances that people with varying beliefs and life goals can live and work together in relative peace and prosperity. Yet liberal democracy is under threat, once again. Anti-liberal populists on the right and radicals on the left both dismiss core civil and political rights, but for different reasons: unrealistic expectations for moral consensus or equality of outcomes, respectively. Similarly, too many self-described liberals act illiberally, allowing their enthusiasm for a particular cause to justify sacrificing other core values. This essay has three purposes: (1) to counter recurring forecasts of the death of liberalism; (2) to clarify that liberalism’s normative, political, and institutional diversity has proven essential to its survival thus far; and (3) to suggest ways in which liberalism’s diversity may be further enriched by incorporating polycentric governance and other aspects of institutional analysis as developed by Elinor and Vincent Ostrom.

Legal and Ethical Issues in the Constitutional Court Decision Concerning Minimum Age Limits for Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates

This article aims to explain the basic considerations of Constitutional Court Judges in deciding case Number.90/PUU-XXI/2023 and analyze the existence of controversial issues in this decision. The background to this writing is a decision by the Constitutional Court which is considered unusual. There are new things out of the ordinary in deciding cases and the momentum approaching the 2024 general election has become a sensitive and interesting study. The research method used in this writing is a normative juridical method with a legal philosophy approach. This is in accordance with the main problem of analyzing the judge’s decision from a philosophical perspective. Material in the form of library data in the form of statutory regulations and scientific works related to the research theme. The results of the research show that there are several basic reasons for judges in deciding this case, such as political rights and the time for the general election which is getting closer. Apart from that, the decision of the Constitutional Court contains ethical issues in it, because in the formation process it was carried out by judges who had been legally declared to have committed ethical violations.

Support for Partisan Violence among the Political Fringe: The Case of Antifa and QAnon Supporters

ABSTRACT Recent surveys have shown that significant numbers of partisans in the United States harbor violent attitudes towards out-party politicians and out-party members. This finding has corresponded with the increased visibility of political fringe groups, such as Antifa on the political left and QAnon on the political right. Fringe groups such as these take ideologically extreme political positions and defy political norms, including prohibitions on political violence. Are partisan supporters of these fringe groups more likely to hold violent political attitudes? Using survey data from the Understanding America Study (UAS), we test whether Antifa supporters and QAnon supporters are more likely to report violent attitudes compared to non-fringe group supporters. We find supporters of both groups are more likely to wish harm towards out-party members, support violent protest, and support various forms of interpersonal violence towards out-party members. The results hold even when controlling for ideological extremity, personality, and affective partisanship.

Community Guidance Model for Women's Empowerment

Women in Indonesia currently have the opportunity to receive equal education to men in Indonesia. However, this may not be commonly found in remote corners of Indonesia. Women in Indonesia currently also have the same legal and political rights as men. This is different from the rights and social norms that still discriminate against women, and even harm women. Supposedly, with equal education, equal minds and minds, all discrimination in women's rights and freedoms would no longer exist. Even so, in fact there are still many people who differentiate between men and women in social contexts. Guidance and guidance services in the community need to be carried out by educational personnel who work together with all government officials in order to provide assistance or assistance so that the community's paradigm of all forms of harm to itself and preparation for the future will be achieved. Guidance and counseling function to help a person's life run smoothly and successfully, meaning that intensive guidance and guidance in the community will have an impact both directly and indirectly which will ultimately return to the person's success. The community guidance model for developing women's empowerment prioritizes increasing women's abilities and skills. Second, realizing sensitivity and concern for women from all over society, policy makers, decision makers, law enforcement planners and the renewal of legal products containing socio-cultural values and justice with a women's perspective. The third target is to optimize coordination in the management of women's empowerment, especially housewives, which includes aspects of planning, implementation, control, monitoring, evaluation and reporting.

A Right-Wing Wave on TikTok? Ideological Orientations, Platform Features, and User Engagement During the Early 2022 Election Campaign in Sweden

While TikTok has established itself as a new platform for political communication, its role during elections remains understudied by researchers. In this article, we present a content analysis of actor dynamics and ideological content characteristics on TikTok during the early phase of the 2022 election campaign in Sweden, combined with an analysis of how political orientation and utilization of TikTok’s platform features impact user engagement. Results reveal that party youth organizations had a prominent presence during the campaign, while traditional party actors were less established. TikTok tends to lean toward right-wing content, with right-wing praise being a significant predictor of user engagement. Semiotic resources such as stickers and emoticons but also added music, were widely used platform features, but these features had no or weak negative effects on user engagement. Added speech, particularly when praising right-wing politics, positively influenced user engagement, suggesting the importance of verbal communication on a platform characterized by multimodal experimentation.

WOMEN’S POLITICAL RIGHTS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND PRACTICE IN VIETNAM

As one of the fundamental human rights, political rights guarantee that persons can equally participate in socio-political life or management of the state and society without any unreasonable restriction. Ensuring women’s political rights is an important basis for improving women’s status in society. Although ensuring women’s political rights has gained many achievements in Vietnam, there are still many limitations. Through a systematic analysis of the provisions of the International Conventions on Human Rights, the article explains the content of women’s political rights and defines the obligations that must be complied with by the member states to ensure the political rights of women. In addition to practical analysis, the data about the exercise of political rights of women, such as the percentage of female deputies to the National Assembly, the percentage of women participating in the People’s Council, female cadres and civil servants participating in the political processes are collected, thereby the article makes some comments on the achievements and limitations in performing national obligations of Vietnam to ensure political rights of women. The article points out the causes of the limitations and proposes solutions to improve the effectiveness of ensuring women’s political rights in Vietnam.

Protection of Children's Rights: A Review of Child Marriage Policies in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India

Introduction: Child marriage is a phenomenon that continues and develops, the low knowledge and understanding of the community towards the perception of marriage. Child marriage should not be allowed anywhere in the world as it is a practice that violates general human rights and discriminates against women. Purposes of the Research: In this research, the author will compare the prevention of child marriage in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India.Methods of Research: This research uses a normative juridical approach method. Researchers will study and examine the factors that cause child marriage and its legal protection to prevent child protection in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India. This research uses descriptive analytical research specifications by determining the laws and regulations relating to legal theories that are the object of research.Results of the Research: Indonesia increased the minimum marriage age for both sexes from 18 to 19 with the enactment of Law No. 16 of 2019. Malaysia, meanwhile, sets a maximum marriage age of eighteen. Initiatives to reduce the legal age of marriage, especially for women, have been made in both nations for socio-political and socio-cultural reasons. Alongside these initiatives, India has also ratified several conventions designed to end child marriage. These include the 1976 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the 1976 International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), as well as the 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery.

Positive and Negative Obligations for Human Rights Protection: Classification Issues

The concepts of «positive obligations» and «negative obligations» have come into usage in interstate bodies for the protection of human rights. An analysis of international documents shows that a number of obligations contain features of both positive and negative obligations. The classification, which is based on the distinction between state non-intervention and its taking measures, has a number of shortcomings, which are pointed out by researchers who propose their own, more complex types of classification of obligations based on other criteria. The study revealed a number of contradictions between the classifications and interpretation of the content of obligations by treaty bodies, which explains the inappropriateness of using these classifications as a tool to provide guidance to states in choosing the most effective ways to fulfill their obligations under international human rights treaties. Based on a systematic and comparative legal analysis of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as related acts of treaty bodies, the author concludes that obligations to protect human rights may have mixed ( or complex) nature.

Intersectionality in Terry McMillan’s Mama: A Critical Analysis

Objectives: This research aims to analyze Terry McMillan’s Mama, paying close attention to the concept of intersectionality. It also aims to analyze the multiple components of identity that cause suffering to women of color. Methods: This research uses close reading to analyze Terry McMillan’s Mama as a case study. Results: This research argues that intersectionality has a lot of dangerous effects on families and communities such as domestic violence, unemployment among women, and depriving women of their basic social and political rights. As a result, identity components such as gender, race, ethnicity, educational background, and social status work together as a source of suffering for women. Accordingly, the intersectionality that prevents women from enjoying their rights should be discarded. Conclusions: The research concludes that intersectionality seriously harms women and has ever-lasting effects not only on their families but also on the whole community. The research, therefore, recommends that victimized women need to support themselves with a strong will, self-confidence, solidarity, and education to better the social and financial levels of their lives.

Political Protestant Party, Protestant radicals in the Dutch electoral and parliamentary arena between 1918 and 2023.

The aim of the article is to analyze the ideological and programmatic evolution of the Protestant Political Party in the Netherlands. A hypothesis was put forward that this party itself does not undergo any major ideological changes, constituting a kind of ideological fossil. The study used a quantitative-qualitative method. Quantitative research is based on statistical analysis of election results and the distribution of seats. Qualitative analysis is based on an attempt to answer research questions based on literature analysis, historical, institutional, legal and systemic comparative studies. The program analysis carried out over the years showed that changes in the party’s political program concerned mainly the language and the addition of contemporary social and political problems. The change in the issue of woman’s political rights is a change forced by external institutions, pragmatic acceptance of the democratic system took place already in 1918.

SHRI BABU JAGJIVAN RAM: A PIONEER OF DECOLONISATION MOVEMENT IN THE INDEPENDENT INDIA

Babu Jagjivan Ram, a prominent Dalit leader and social reformer, was a pioneering force in India’s decolonization movement. Born in 1908 in a marginalized caste community, he overcame systemic discrimination and rose to become one of the most influential political figures in post-independence India. His journey from a humble background to a statesman symbolizes the resilience and determination of the oppressed classes in the fight for equality and social justice.Jagjivan Ram’s role in India's freedom struggle was marked by his commitment to eradicating caste-based injustices while fighting for the country’s independence. As a member of the Indian National Congress, he played a crucial part in the Quit India Movement and led efforts to ensure that the voices of Dalits and other marginalized communities were included in the national discourse. He was also instrumental in forming the All-India Depressed Classes League, which advocated for the political and social rights of Dalits.After India gained independence in 1947, Jagjivan Ram continued to champion the cause of the downtrodden as a key member of independent India’s government. He held several important cabinet positions, including that of Defence Minister and Agriculture Minister. His contribution to the Green Revolution, which transformed India’s agricultural landscape, is particularly noteworthy. His leadership during the Indo-Pak war of 1971, which led to the creation of Bangladesh, further cemented his legacy as a visionary leader.Beyond politics, Jagjivan Ram’s life was a testament to the power of perseverance and the importance of inclusivity in nation-building. He dedicated his life to creating an India free of both colonial oppression and caste discrimination. His legacy continues to inspire movements for equality and justice in modern India.