Political Dialogue Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF HISTORY AND CULTURE ON REGIONALISM: A CASE STUDY OF ASEAN

In the modern age, regionalism represents an important aspect of global politics, marked by the establishment and expansion of regional organizations that has reconstituted international relations. Regional cooperative frameworks have especially gained momentum in the post-Cold War era; that is a response to globalization, shift in the balance of power, and regional security concerns (Fawcett & Hurrell, 1995). These institutions-from the supranational to the local-became platforms of economic cooperation, political dialogue, and security collaboration-the building blocks of stability and development in the regions of the countries involved.

Regionalization of Peacekeeping in Africa: The Case of the African Union

This study examines the peacekeeping experience of the African Union (AU), which claims to be the main security provider on the African continent. Based on the case study method, the principle of historicism and a chronological approach, the author proposes a classification and a comprehensive analysis of the AU operations, from the first to the current missions. The aim of the research is to provide a balanced characterisation of the AU in conflict resolution by describing both the missions and the external environment in which they have been deployed, and by abstracting from the deliberately negative connotations associated with assessments of the potential of regional security forces. It analyses the dynamics, legal frameworks, characteristics and outcomes of deployed peacekeeping operations, both under the auspices of the AU alone (in Burundi, Comoros, Sudan/Darfur, Somalia) and in cooperation with the UN and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) (in Darfur, Mali, Central African Republic, CAR). As a result of the study, the author describes the key parameters of established models of African conflict resolution. The experience and practice of the AU - UN interaction show that the AU is ready to quickly respond to emerging crises and to contain bloodshed, often in the absence of peace processes and well before the UN intervention. The current format of interaction between the two organizations demonstrates the readiness of the UN to deploy its own contingents once the “hot” phase of the conflict is over and conditions for political dialogue are formed. However, with the launch of the first and so far only hybrid UN - AU mission (UNAMID) a new model of cooperation is gradually emerging that complements the existing simple “division of labor.” The purely regional format of peacekeeping stems from the potential of regional actors. The African Union, as a continental regional organization, plays a crucial role in maintaining the regional security regime, while sub-regional organizations carry out operational functions on the basis of regional security arrangements. The author assesses the peacekeeping missions carried out and highlights the challenges faced by African peacekeepers in their work.

Exploring the Transformative Impact of Social Media on Behavior in Contemporary Society

This study investigates the intricate relationship between social media consumption patterns and many behavioral effects in modern culture. It investigates social media users' demographic diversity, platform preferences, and the perceived impact of social media on behavior. Furthermore, the study examines a variety of behavioral outcomes related to social media use, such as political viewpoints, purchase decisions, social interaction, self-esteem, feelings of loneliness, and stress levels. The findings show a diversified demographic composition among participants, emphasizing social media platforms' appeal across age groups, gender identities, and educational levels.Platform preferences highlight the continued popularity of platforms such as Facebook and Instagram, while also acknowledging the importance of other platforms such as Twitter and Snapchat. The impact of social media on behavior is perceived differently by participants, with a sizable number claiming a negative influence. The study finds some strong relationships between behavioral outcomes. Political beliefs are positively related to social media use, highlighting the importance of digital platforms in political dialogue and expression. Purchasing decisions show a favorable association with social media use, demonstrating the impact of social media advertising and influencer marketing on consumer behavior. The relationship between social interaction and social media use is complicated, stressing the dual nature of online interactions. Self-esteem has a favorable relationship with social media use, contradicting the widely held belief that social media has a negative impact on self-esteem. Loneliness has a slight negative connection with social media use, highlighting the complex interaction between social media and loneliness. Stress levels have a positive relationship with social media use, highlighting the possible stressors connected with online participation.

FINANCIAL FLOWS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS (UKRAINE – EU)

The article is devoted to the international trade and economic relations of Ukraine with the countries of the world. Considerable attention is paid to relations between Ukraine and the European Union (EU). Ukraine considers the way to EU membership. Attention is drawn to the European integration progress of our country, which is a natural consequence of Ukraine's independence. The most acceptable ways for regulation of relations in the area of international business activity are considered. The main goal of Ukraine is to create conditions for joining the community of developed European countries by means of large-scale internal transformations. Trade and economic relations between Ukraine and the European Union became an inevitable political reality. European guidelines became a practical reflection of a number of decisions and actions of official bodies of the Ukrainian state and the European Union. The fact that the European choice of Ukraine does not change is explained by the fact that it is a community of European nations. Integration into the European political, financial, economic and humanitarian space is a strategic orientation of the state development and a factor of systemic development. The components of the rapprochement process of Ukraine with the European Union are the deepening of the political dialogue, the strengthening of the European security space and the improvement of the effectiveness of cooperation tools in the priority areas of "integration". In the current foreign and domestic political situation, Ukraine's relations with the European Union are extremely important in this aspect. It is not only about more or less active relations with a more powerful foreign partner, but also about Ukraine's ability to make strategic decisions for the future, which depends on the position and role of the state in the new international order of financial and economic relations.

On time or with a delay? Transposition of EU directives in the Czech Republic in relation to subsidiarity check

AbstractThe government plays first fiddle in European Union (EU) decision-making processes, but a role in EU governance is also performed by the national parliament, which has gained additional competence to submit reasoned opinions based on the subsidiarity principle and participate in the political dialogue with the European Commission. The authors trace the policy-shaping and policy-taking processes and explore the impact of parliamentary and government involvement in EU policy-making on belated and timely transposition of EU directives in the Czech Republic. This comparative analysis of six directives, of which three were transposed on time and the other three from the same policy areas not, shows that the connection between ex-ante and ex-post stages still seems weak, and thus, greater involvement by parliament in EU affairs does not alone affect the time of transposition. Instead, the capacity of the government, determined partly by the salience of the legislation and its characteristics, is the main explanation for the transposition delays.

Constructing and Consuming the Periphery

In August 2021, Mahasweta Devi’s iconic short story “Draupadi” (1978), which brings alive the long tradition of adivasi/tribal resistance against systemic oppression and its brutal reprisal, was deleted from the English Honours syllabus of Delhi University on the grounds of “hurt” sentiments. Why would a story of tribal resistance ruffle postcolonial sentiments? Triggered by this excision, our essay attends to the context of “Draupadi” – the Naxalite movement (1967–1975), the armed uprising that contested the feudal-bourgeois hegemony of the postcolonial Indian state – and examines the representation of the restless periphery in contemporary fiction, Bengali and English, in terms of political and attendant aesthetic negotiations. The Naxalite movement inspired a specific genre of literature in Bengali, Naxal Sahitya, whose growth was contemporaneous with the movement itself. It explored the possibility of a new modernity and subjectivity, tangling with the inherited forms of narrative in both poetry and prose. Globally, which signifies still a western platform, the Naxal made an appearance in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Lowland (2013) and Neel Mukherjee’s The Lives of Others (2014). In both, the questions raised by movement, of land and of the tiller, are imaginatively resolved by the diasporic journey of select individuals to the United States of America. Our essay offers an intertextual reading of these two anglophone, global novels by Lahiri and Mukherjee with the Bengali, local narratives of Samaresh Majumdar’s Kalbela/Dark Times (1983) and Mahasweta Devi’s Operation? Bashai Tudu (1978/2003). We address the ways in which imaginative literature embeds a movement that challenged the hierarchies of a decolonized nation, the possibilities of the novel’s – a form hegemonically associated with the individual rather than the collective – investment in the construction of the periphery, the hierarchy of the local and the global, and the territoriality of the marketable consumptions of stories.

Political Identity Negotiation of Young Electorates in Ghanaian Colleges of Education

The formation of political in-groups and out-groups on campuses and involvement in political discourses in and out of the school setting clearly demonstrate students’ political attitudes and behaviours which eventually reflect or sum up their political identities. However, it remains a mystery the exact ingredient cooking up this form of social identity. The study, as a result, was conducted to explore the factors underlying the political identity negotiation of students in colleges of education and to identify practices that reflect their explicit and implicit political behaviours and attitudes. The paper focused on examining factors that influenced political identity negotiation among college of education students in Ghana. In order to answer all four research questions, the concurrent triangulation mixed method approach to inquiry was adopted. Data collected were descriptively analysed, using the measure of central tendency and narration. Three factors were revealed as being influential in student teachers’ identity formation: familial characteristics such as the level of education of parents, political preference, and occupation, among others; liberal school setting such as the ethnic composition of the student population; and new political stimuli such as contact with campaigns and volunteer services. Implicit and explicit political attitudes and behaviours of student-teachers were found to be evident through practices such as voting in student elections and participation in political discourses. The paper concludes that political identity negotiation of young adults is inevitable as a result of the different political cues they encounter within the social structures.

Peran Media Massa Dalam Memoderasi Dialog Politik

The mass media plays an important role in moderating political dialogue in society. This study aims to examine the role of the mass media in facilitating political dialogue, observe its impact on public participation, and analyze the challenges and opportunities faced by the mass media in carrying out this role. This research approach is a literature study and media content analysis. The findings of this study provide important insights into the role of the mass media as a mediator in constructive political dialogue. Based on the analysis of the literature, this research finds that the mass media has a major role in facilitating political dialogue. The mass media provide a broad platform and communication channel for the exchange of ideas, views and political information. Through balanced reporting, in-depth analysis, and presenting diverse perspectives, the mass media can help moderate political dialogue with the aim of achieving shared understanding, increasing public participation, and forming informational public opinion.

تأثير مراكز الأبحاث في المفاوضات السياسيّة بشأن حل الصراعات والنزاعات المفاوضات الفلسطينيّة-الإسرائيليّة أنموذجًا

The study aims to shed light on the impact of research centers on political negotiations related to resolving conflicts, with a focus on their influential role in the Palestinian-Israeli negotiations. The study dealt with practical examples of influential roles played by international, regional, Palestinian and Israeli research centers in those negotiations, and suggested a practical vision for establishing a research center specialized in negotiation affairs, to serve the Palestinian issue and its resistance project. The study used the descriptive analytical approach. The study's results: that research centers play an important role in negotiations to resolve the conflict, and that Western and Israeli centers have a major role in the Palestinian-Israeli negotiations and influencing their results, and the role of Arab and Palestinian centers was characterized by weakness in playing such roles. The study recommended: The need to improve and pay attention to what the research centers produce, and to open effective channels between the Palestinian centers with each other, and with other Arab and international centers, in order to support the Palestinian issue in all international forums.

MANIFESTATIONS OF POSTMODERNISM IN HERMANN HESSE'S NOVEL “THE GLASS BEAD GAME”

The paper attempts to consider the connections between postmodernism, aesthetics and Herman Hesse’s novel The Glass Bead Game referring to the history of the last most influential manifestation of the theoretical and aesthetic thought of the West – postmodernism, also characterized by paradoxes. Based on a number of fundamental principles of the aesthetics of postmodernism and data on the work of Hermann Hesse, the specific relations that connect Hesse’s work with postmodernism, are considered. This refers first to the ideas of the world as chaos, then aesthetic eclecticism, multiculturalism and finally game. Within the framework of the idea the world as chaos, the wide use of the concept of simulacrum in both Hesse’s and postmodernist works is considered. Aesthetic eclecticism, which is “the dominant sign of the culture of the postmodern era” (J.-F. Lyotard, I. Ilyin), is also found in Hesse’s novel in various manifestations. Multiculturalism, both as a social utopia and as an aesthetic principle, is also widespread among postmodernist aesthetes (especially L. Fiedler) and in Hesse’s novel. In the novel the East-West political and cultural dialogue also deepens. Finally, the game, being one of the stable European cultural codes, is rediscovered both in Hesse’s novel and in postmodernist aesthetics (U. Eco).

Sustainability as a Symbolic Resource at the Local Level, and Its Strategic Uses: A Study in Northern Italy

This article focuses on sustainability understood as a source of political legitimation. I explore political imaginaries and the future as a cognitive resource among two small farming communities in Northern Italy, discussing what transformation towards sustainability means at a concrete level and how this definition may be used strategically in political negotiations to access resources. Ethnographically rooted, this study uses reflexivity and researcher’s positioning as a tool to better understand the farmer’s social and cultural frameworks, related conflicts, and strategies for surviving. Rhetoric and practices about sustainability establish a symbolic resource that allows gaining new agency spaces. Temporalities regimes are examined here, in order to grasp the identity-making and the self-differentiation processes among the farmers.

Teachers’ responses to students’ informal political dialogue: Charting the grey areas in school

Recess, the bus ride home, the school corridor and other grey areas are ambiguous for both teachers and students and fall under less institutional regulation. The purpose of this study was to examine the ways teachers would react when they encounter students’ informal political comments in the grey areas. We presented vignettes to 71 Palestinian teachers and 64 Jewish teachers in Israel and asked them what they would have done in a similar situation in their classroom. Teachers’ reactions were on a continuum ranging from avoidance and passivity to engaging in multidimensional mediation. Differences between Jewish and Palestinian teachers were found, and they reflect power relations between the Jewish majority and the Palestinian minority, which involve Palestinian teachers being more reluctant to engage in controversial public issues due to their minority status.

Who is cooperative in negotiations? The impact of political skill on cooperation, reputation and outcomes

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to predict cooperation in negotiation through the lens of individual differences. Specifically, this paper examines how a social competence variable called “political skill” relates to cooperation and subsequent effects on negotiation process, outcomes and negotiator reputation. The authors demonstrate how political skill fits in the evolving literature focusing on individual differences in negotiation by comparing political skill to a wide range of other individual difference measures.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted by assessing individual difference measures at the beginning of graduate-level negotiation courses and tracking negotiation behaviors and outcomes over several months. This approach was chosen to minimize the potential for short, time-limited interactions to mask existing relationships. It also allowed the authors to include multiple negotiation interactions, which takes a broader view of negotiation performance, and assess negotiator reputation by allowing it to emerge over time.FindingsThe results of this study show that political skill, self-rated at the beginning of this study, is significantly related to a negotiator’s overall use of cooperative behavior as rated by peers. Political skill also showed a significant relationship with reputation for cooperativeness and aggregate outcomes in negotiations. These results control for other individual difference measures such as personality, implicit negotiation beliefs, social value orientation and negotiation self-efficacy.Originality/valueUsing a method that allows the effects of an individual difference to materialize over time, this study empirically establishes the connection between political skill and negotiation reputation, process and outcomes. The methodological contributions of this study explore the relations between self-rated individual difference variables, peer-rated cooperative behaviors and objective coded negotiation outcomes in evaluating political skill in negotiation.

Role of the China South–South cooperation hegemonic strategy as an “early emulation” in a context of systemic chaos

This study seeks to contribute to the thesis that China is directing its efforts toward the construction of a set of institutions that are presented as an alternative interstate subsystem to the one that emerged in the second postwar period. In this research, we made progress in locating the main elements from which we prefigure one of the features of that project. This is the strategy that, based on the cooperation scheme implemented by China through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the Global Development Initiative (GDI)1 and the Global Security Initiative (GSI),2 manifests itself in a kind of “early emulation” of the North American hegemonic strategy of the second postwar period. “Emulation” of the United States (US) is synthesized in a double process: first, in the way in which China is currently articulating an institutional framework under the intensification of the present systemic chaos, that is, in a previous or “early” moment with respect to that in which we could consider the clear rise of a new hegemonic power. This framework operates under the logic of a political dialog that allows trade agreements and promotes a development strategy based on structural change. Second, in a similar way to the multilateral consensus that underpinned the US project based on the promotion of “development” from the north to the south and with a fundamental role for cooperation and aid, China today deploys a similar argument promoting the scope of “a community of shared future”3 with its strategic partners and to which more and more states look to join, where the GDI and the GSI are fundamental axes.

The Cold War and Air Force Politics in Independent Nigeria (1960–1962)

Abstract The term “military” within the Nigerian context tends to be a misnomer for the Army, with the Navy and Air Force often at the scholarship margins. This article presents a corrective: it shifts the emphasis from the Nigerian Army within the historical discourse on politics and its impact on the military in Nigeria. The paper instead examines the Cold War political origins of the Nigerian Air Force (NAF) as an under-researched service branch of the Nigerian military. In 1962, after two years of political negotiations, Nigeria’s politicians shunned British overtures and opted for West German assistance in establishing an air force. In examining the Cold War political environment, including the actors and decision-making in the two years leading to that outcome, the article employs interview data and historical sources from the National Defence College Abuja and the UK National Archives, including communiqués, letters and other forms of official corpus.

Expansion of international relations of Ancient Rome in V-III centuries BC.

The present article presents the connections of ancient Rome, which traditionally continued to develop after the end of the age of kings, especially during the period of the Republic. Conflicts with the Etruscans, trade treaties with Carthage, the Latin Union, the battle against the Vei, the Celtic invasion of northern Italy, the Gauls and its international consequences. Roman alliances in Italy and the Samnite wars, Roman intervention in the affairs of the Campania, elimination of the Gallic threat, and the struggle with Tarentum and Pyrrhus for southern Italy. The process and methods of formation of the Roman-Italian union. Nevertheless, the Rome of this period offered alliances to neighboring states, and in exceptional cases took some states under its protection. The purpose of the article is to study the international relations of ancient Rome and the evolutionary principle of research and the historical-comparative method. The relationship between Rome and Carthage in the IV-I half of the III century is presented. The causes of the conflict. The First Punic War and its international connection and consequences. Union of Carthage and Rome after the war. Allying and making provinces of Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica, allied with Cisalpine Gaul and Illyria. Roman and Carthaginian strategic connections in the period before the Second Punic War. After the fall of Capua and Syracuse, the change in the military-political relations of Rome and the connection with Carthage. The process of the Spanish conquest and connection: colonization, Romanization and the establishment of a provincial system in its territory. A number of principles have been identified from the already studied scientific literature regarding the mentioned issue, at this time Ancient Rome laid the foundation for close political and diplomatic negotiations related to the expansion of ties. The idea of ​​"divide and conquer" was established. It is also special that ancient Rome was not guided by the same principle with any people and state, of course all such methods are clearly presented in the article.

SRBUHI TYUSAB’S PUBLICISM, SOCIAL-PUBLIC VIEWS AND ROLE IN WOMEN'S EMANCIPATION PROCESSES

The study examined fiction and journalistic activities, articles, and socio-public views of the Western Armenian Constantinople writer of the second half of the 19th century, Srbuhi Tyusab. Tyusab’s publicism was a new experience of broadcasting political, socio-public and literary-cultural dialogues, which was most popular in the second half of the 19th century. The aim of the study is to reveal the author's literary-cultural and socio-public views, as well as their role in the processes of women's emancipation, by examining Srbuhi Tyusab’s op-ed articles. The problem of the study is to analyze the publicistic legacy of the Western Armenian female author of the second half of the 19th century, Srbuhi Tyusab, which has not been properly examined yet. The novelty of the study is the attempt to interpret the ways of women's emancipation and development in a new fashion. The study is interdisciplinary. It was analyzed in the context of the reciprocal connections and relationships between literary studies, history, anthropology, and ethno-culture. Literary critical, philosophical, and linguistic methods were applied, highlighting and focusing the various manifestations and stratifications existing in Srbuhi Tyusab's op-ed articles within the scope of the studied material. This kind of study has been done for the first time. It is important and relevant not only from the point of view of interdisciplinarity, but also from the point of view of analyzing women’s issues in Armenology.

Social relations in megaproject planning: exploring the roles of local government in the development of Indonesia’s special economic zones

As a manifestation of current approaches to global planning, megaproject planning is an openended process that unfolds through the contestation, negotiation and contradiction of social (power) relations. However, recent studies still perceive local government authorities as elusive actors in shaping megaproject planning and development processes. This article uses two case studies to investigate the multifaceted roles that local government played in dealing with actors’ overlapping interests in two Indonesian special economic zone (SEZ) megaprojects. The qualitative content analysis of the two cases relies on interviews, archival research and field observation conducted between 2019 and 2021. This article shows that rather than acting as entrepreneurial agencies that serve state or private actors, local government authorities can articulate and negotiate community interests in developing megaprojects. Moreover, the ‘social relation’ framework explains the conditions under which local government units can engage in political negotiations and demand equitable planning processes.

Application issues of compulsory conciliation in the settlement of fishery disputes in the Yellow Sea

China and South Korea have made great efforts to settle their fishery disputes in the Yellow Sea through political negotiations. The results of the bilateral treaty, which was concluded around 2001, have been very limited. The Law of the Sea’s compulsory conciliation procedure can become an alternative choice for two countries to settle fishery disputes. This article starts with a comparative study of fishery disputes in the Yellow Sea that should be subject to compulsory conciliation. Based on the similarities among these disputes, it is argued that compulsory conciliation is applicable to the settlement of fishery disputes in the Yellow Sea. This article also pays attention to some essential issues related to the application of compulsory conciliation, including the jurisdiction and powers of the Conciliation Commission and the implementation of the report concluded by the Conciliation Commission.

Free trade as domestic, economic, and strategic issues: a big data analytics approach

This article examines the engagement of domestic actors in public conversation surrounding free trade negotiations with a focus on the framing of these negotiations as economic, strategic or domestic issues. To analyse this topic, this article utilises the use of Twitter as a barometer of public sentiment toward the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). We employ topic classification and sentiment analysis to understand how RCEP is discussed in 345,015 tweets. Our findings show that the overall sentiment score towards RCEP is neutral. However, we find that when RCEP is discussed as a strategic issue, the sentiment is slightly more negative than when discussed as a domestic or economic issue. This article further suggests that discussion of RCEP is driven by the fear of China’s geopolitical ambitions, domestic protectionist agendas, and impact of RCEP on the domestic economy. This article contributes to the growing use of big data in understanding trade negotiations. Furthermore, it contributes to the study of free trade negotiation by examining how domestic political actors frame free trade negotiations.