Political Dynasties Research Articles

Politik Dinasti di Negara Demokrasi

Dynastic politic is the biggest challangein building a valuable democracy in a government order. Which the dynastic politic can be seen from the occurrence of a power held by family and kinship group. This phenomenon can be a material for common thoughts, especially the elites and stakeholders by putting forward alternative solution that refer to the rules. In the persvective of democracy, general election and local election are one of the answer that will be able to give birth to people’s desire to get qualified candidates for leaders. The dynasty’s political strategy was used as a tool to secure power by placing family or relative in certain posts in the formal (government) or informal (projects or business) fields. If this continues, the dynastic politic will develop rapidly and the pros contras will emerge in the midst of implementing a government based on Pancasila democracy. this study aims to determine the influence of political dynasties on the development of Pancasila in Indonesia.

The Philippines in 2023

In 2023, the Philippines, led by Marcos Jr., confronted a pivotal period marked by intricate diplomatic maneuvers, economic recalibrations, governance reforms, and persistent human rights concerns. The return of the Marcos political dynasty is a significant change in the political landscape, while economic challenges persist despite mixed reports on growth. With a commitment to an independent foreign policy, the Philippines faces a delicate balancing act between the United States and China in a world characterized by shifting power dynamics and strategic complexities.

How Political Dynasties Concentrate Advantage within Cities: Evidence from Crime and City Services in Chicago

Abstract Classic models of urban inequality acknowledge the importance of politics for resource distribution and service provision. Yet, contemporary studies of spatial inequality rarely measure politics directly. In this paper, we introduce political dynasties as a way of integrating political economy approaches with ecological theory to better understand the political construction of urban spatial inequality. To do so, we examine the case of political dynasties within the Chicago city council. We show that, from 2011 to 2018, blocks in dynastic wards saw fewer homicides, assaults, robberies, and thefts relative to those in non-dynastic wards. We then leverage the 2015 ward redistricting to provide evidence that dynastic effects play some role in producing these outcomes: blocks annexed into dynastic wards experienced a decline in assaults and robberies and an increase in pothole coverings. While dynastic politicians improve outcomes for blocks they annex, they also withdraw power from those they displace; and displaced blocks had relatively higher levels of crime than annexed blocks in 2015. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that dynastic politicians are contributing to spatial inequalities within Chicago.

Political Dynasties and Local Spending in Indonesia

Does political dynasty affect local spending in Indonesia? Only a few articles have taken up the political economy issues in Indonesia This study provides empirical analysis that focuses on explaining the effect of the political competition through dynasty winning in the mayoral election to the local spending that focuses on functional-classified expenditure at the district level. Using the Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) estimation, this study examines whether the dynasty mayor has different trends in the way to spend local expenditure compared to the non-dynasty mayors. Due to the limited political competition, this study finds the magnitude effect of the dynasty mayor on local spending that used to drive the regional economy. Compared to the non-dynasty mayors on a separate sub-dataset, this study finds different effects of a dynasty between the incumbent and the non-incumbent dynasty mayor on local spending. The incumbent dynasty mayor negatively affects ‘visible’ expenditure’ e.g., grant and social assistance expenditure, social protection expenditure, housing and public amenities expenditure, education expenditure, dan current expenditure. This study also finds negative effects of the political dynasty on local spending from the dynasty mayor elected during the period of simultaneous mayoral election (2015-2018).

Jokowi's Political Dynasties: Impact and its Comparison to Nehru-Gandhi Dynasties

This research focuses on the Jokowi political dynasty that is now underway. The dynasty was marked by the advancement of Jokowi's eldest son, Gibran Rakabuming, as Mayor of Solo some time ago, followed by Jokowi's son-in-law, Bobby Nasution, becoming Mayor of Medan. A few days ago, Jokowi's youngest son, Kaesang Pangarep, was predicted to run in the Depok regional election. The participation of Jokowi's son and son-in-law as regional heads establishes an unprecedented milestone in the annals of Indonesian political dynasties. Because there has never been a similar case since independence, this condition has caused various negative impacts on the Indonesian nation. It starts from opening opportunities for corruption and the difficulty of regenerating new political cadres to injuring democracy. Relatives sitting in strategic seats will perpetuate the dynasty and protect each other. Thus, it will be challenging to prioritize the people because family interests hinder it. In addition, this paper will include a review of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty of India as a comparison. The dynasty was chosen because it has a long history that lasts for generations. This phenomenon captured Indonesian political dynasties. Carrying the type of qualitative research, this research used various literature reviews as its basis. Hopefully, this research can be the mainstay of literacy for various parties facing the upcoming 2024 political year.

Comparison of Political Dynasty in Indonesia and the United States

Purpose: The aim of the research is to photograph political dynasties that occur in democratic countries by taking the examples of Indonesia and America. Methods: The issue in this article is Political Dynasty in democratic countries. Political dynasties are built into a country's constitutional system. Its existence often triggers debate in societies that are studying ideal democracy. Political dynasties are considered to be the product of a political strategy to achieve victory. Results and Conclusion: The research results show that the emergence of political dynasties is influenced by the actions of political elites who tend to pass on their positions of political power to the next generation or below. This happens because of the tendency to maintain power. Another reason is to continue the program that was initiated previously. Research implications: Comparing political dynasties in Indonesia with the United States, the Indonesian state has a tendency to emerge random lytop down while in the United States it appears gradually bottom up. Originality/value: In the above context, it is hoped that political elites will prioritize political processes and ethics in cadre formation.

Women’s Empowerment in Madura Villages: Examining Female Resistance within the Patriarchal Power Structure and Political Dynasties

The position of village head (klebun) in Madura is predominantly held by men, suggesting patriarchal power and political dynasties. This study explores how women klebuns responded to the situation by empowering themselves and other women. The analysis uses qualitative descriptive methods and Foucault’s theory of power and legitimacy. Data was collected from observations of 11 women klebuns and in-depth interviews with four of them. The findings reveal that female klebuns face a choice between being extensions of their male relatives or being leaders themselves. To challenge the patriarchal constructs, they strategically use political influence, establish relationships with officials, and seek support from legal aid institutions. These efforts were made to address the issue of village security centering around the Madurese people in order to regain public trust. The study unveils the complexity of women’s empowerment in Madura’s male-dominated political landscape. This encouraged female klebuns to strive and transform the social and political dynamics, advocating for gender equality and challenging existing power structures. This research offers insights into promoting women’s political empowerment at the village level, and fostering gender equity in local governance, inspiring change in Madura and beyond.

In the Name Religion and Defending Women; Experiences of Three Pesantren Women in Indonesia Local Elections

The leadership of Indonesian Muslim women experienced a development, marked by the ever extensive political roles. Some previous researches state that the factor of familial closeness (political dynasty), gender, collusion, sexiness and piety marketing stimulate women’s election in political contestations. But these reasons are not enough to explain the reason for women’s roles in the public, especially women of pesantren (Islamic boarding schools). We suggest that women’s courage in the struggle for the political position is due to their desires to strive for women's rights that are ignored and not comprehensively understood by male leaders. The existence of the thought that women can (only) ‘understand women’ becomes the reason why regional leaderships are also seized by women. The article also shows the ability to integrate spirituality towards public roles by utilizing their social capitals. This paper also counters some arguments that women always lose in public sectors in political sector fights as they are under the shadow of their husbands or men.

Corruption risk and political dynasties: exploring the links using public procurement data in the Philippines

Corruption risk and political dynasties: exploring the links using public procurement data in the Philippines

Representasi Kepemimpinan Klebun Perempuan di Madura: Upaya menuju Kepemimpinan Perempuan Mandiri

Efforts to encourage women's participation in politics and promote gender equality persist, yet practical challenges remain, especially in regions where deeply entrenched patriarchal cultures prevail. This is evident in the limited quantity and depth of women's representation in politics and leadership, particularly at the grassroots level. In Madura, a stronghold of patriarchal traditions, men dominate the institutional fabric of society, including political and leadership structures. However, recent shifts in village leadership have seen the emergence of female leaders, challenging this historical norm. The objective of this article is to examine the representation of klebun women as independent leaders, breaking free from patriarchal dynastic systems. Many female klebuns in Madura have familial connections to previous klebun leaders, and the klebun position has often been a breeding ground for political dynasties. Employing representation indicators, Max Weber's leadership model, and a qualitative approach, we will delve deeply into the issue. The study's findings will illuminate different models of women's representation in village leadership: first, the capability of Klebun women to provide effective leadership in their communities, and second, the endeavors undertaken by Klebun Perempuan to establish independent women leaders. In summary, this research sheds light on the evolving role of women in Madura's political and leadership landscape, challenging the deeply entrenched patriarchal culture and dynastic structures.
 Keywords : representation, leadership, klebun perempuan

Sultanate Elite Political Dynasty in Local Politics in Bima Regency

Perubahan ranah politik setelah kemerdekaan Indonesia tahun 1945 telah merubah sistem politik, terutama sistem politik aristokrasi menjadi sistem politik yang demokratis, hal itu terjadi di kekuasaan kesultanan Bima pada tingkat politik lokal. Oleh karena itu, elit kesultanan Bima harus ikut pada perubahan itu, dan faktanya pasca perubahan politik itu, baik orde lama, orde baru, dan pasca orde baru ternyata elit kesultanan Bima masih mampu mempertahankan eksistensi politiknya di kabupaten Bima. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, ialah menganalisis eksistensi elit kesultanan Bima dalam politik lokal di kabupaten Bima pasca orde baru yang mengedepankan liberalisasi politik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kabupaten Bima provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dari bulan Maret 2023 sampai bulan Mei 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe analisis deskriptif. Data primer dalam penelitian ini melalui proses wawancara mendalam dengan informan terkait, dan data sekunder dalam penelitian ini melalui kajian buku, dan sejarah. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan pendekatan sturukturalis konstruktivism, serta konsep teori habitus, modal, dan ranah yang dijelaskan oleh Pierre Bourdieu. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa keberadaan habitus kekuasaan dan akumulasi sumber daya modal yang dimiliki oleh elit kesultanan Bima dalam ranah politik yang mengedepankan liberalisasi politik, sehingga dalam praktiknya elit kesultanan Bima dalam politik lokal pasca orde baru di kabupaten Bima mampu di raih dan di pertahankan.

Critical Discourse Analysis on the Podcast “Putusan MK: Palu Hakim Patah Berkeping"

The existence Constitutional Court decision regarding the requirements for registering Candidates for President and Vice President Republic of Indonesia has caused a number of controversies in society today. An issue Gibran Rakabuming Raka, Mayor of Surakarta, will take part in the 2024 Presidential Election as Candidate Vice President. However, the age threshold criterian 40 years is an obstacle for the son of President Joko Widodo. So, this was done by suing the Constitutional Court to revise the criteria for presidential election participants, especially regarding minimum age. This raises big questions regarding President Jokowi's relationship with the political dynasty, which made the controversial phenomenon increasingly discussed by the media. For this reason, this research uses a qualitative descriptive research method using a critical discourse analysis approach modeled by Teun A.Van Dijk analyzing text in Najwa Shihab's podcast with the title "Putusan MK: Palu Hakim Patah Berkeping" with a duration of 27 minutes 36 seconds which was uploaded on October 18, 2023, on Najwa Shihab's Youtube channel. The podcast discussion criticized the judge's decision which was interfered with by political interests. The results of the research show that democratic order is now increasingly shifting to the power held by political elites who are in power so that power they have can change laws and slowly break the spirit of democracy in Indonesia

Democracy, Decentralization and Political Dynasty: A Case Study of Banten

Democracy, Decentralization and Political Dynasty: A Case Study of Banten

Penerapan Teori Kedaulatan Rakyat Di Indonesia Dalam Sistem Kekerabatan Dalam Pemerintahan Daerah

Sovereignty is the highest power to determine the laws in the country. Sovereignty comes from the English "sovereignity", in French it is called "souverainete", and in Italian it is called "sovranus". The origin of the word comes from the Latin superanus which means the highest (supreme). Ahead of the 2024 simultaneous elections, the phenomenon of political dynasties or kinship systems has become an issue that is widely discussed because many candidates are running and have kinship relations with the authorities, however, in the constitutional system this is normal and legal after the Constitutional Court's decision in the judicial review of Law no. 8 of 2015 concerning Regional Elections in letter r. This means that everyone can take part in regional head elections and general elections as long as they have the ability and capacity as a leader and do not just rely on popularity alone and the family that is in power or holding office at both the central and regional levels. (President, Governor to regent/mayor).

Introduction: Political dynasties in Asia

This Special Issue seeks to understand the formation and development of Asian political dynasties that extended or continue to extend power through at least two generations by comparing and contrasting the experiences of eight select country cases in the region. The Issue concentrates on “political dynasties” rather than “political families” because we examine the chronological extension of clout by a kinship group over the geographical unit in which it resides rather than simply the nuanced power relations of the political family in stasis. We also focus on dynasties as political families in motion—not political families at one point in time. The study is crucial because it enhances comprehension of the Asian family dynasty's role as a political institution in the age of elections. Such research remains uncommon.

The irony of Indonesia's democracy: The rise of dynastic politics in the post-Suharto era

This essay aims to study why politicians engage in dynastic politics within democratic institutions and how they reject institutional changes that may limit their ability to pass on political power to family members. While scholars have emphasized institutions as an enabling factor, it is unclear how the power struggle manifested to preserve the institutions that continually suit the interests of aspiring dynasts amidst the democracy shift and pressure. This study seeks to fill the gap by delving into how political players struggle to preserve the structures that allow them to form political dynasties. This study also presents an original empirical conclusion demonstrating that Indonesian political dynasties more than tripled between 2010 and 2018, or in only one election cycle. This study contends that the primary cause of the rapid growth of political dynasties in Indonesia is inextricably related to the gradual institutional changes following Indonesia's democratic transition in 1998. In the process, the parasitic symbionts—i.e. the aspiring dynasts—were able to make institutional drifts.

Interrogating the links between dynasties and development in the Philippines

This article nuances the poverty-inducing effect of political dynasties. We argue that local dynasties in the Philippines can pursue different development trajectories based on their ownership of local businesses and their province's initial state capacity. Adapting a framework developed by Bourguignon and Verdier, we develop a typology of political dynasties that acknowledges heterogeneity in their motivations as well as in the political opportunity structures that they work in. This outlines a theory of change that fosters the necessary conditions for political and economic competition over time, even in areas ruled by political dynasties. While the focus is on the Philippines, research on the nexus between political and economic competition provides insight into issues of political dynasties, competition policy, governance, and accountability faced by a broader set of countries.

Model of Government Communication to Build Leadership Credibility in Banten Province, Indonesia

Credibility is a significant aspect of leadership practice that causes followers to respect a leader voluntarily. Government credibility is determined through communication between the government and its people. However, the credibility of the government leadership in Banten Province is a challenge, considering that Banten Province is one of the regions with political dynasties. Therefore, this study describes the function of communication and formulates a communication function model to build the credibility of Banten Province's government leadership. This study used Quasi-Qualitative Design (QQD) with collection through semi-structured interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. We show the implementation of two government communication functions, such as influencing and conveying policies. While the other two parts, namely educating and entertaining, need to be maximised. Meanwhile, the dimensions of leadership credibility, such as integrity, competence, and leadership, have gone well. The government communication model is developed from the Schramm communication model in a circular form to build leadership credibility in Banten Province. In leadership studies, this model can guide increasing credibility, so all formal and informal leadership organisations can adopt this model by formulating leadership-related empirical facts and various references. It is highly applicable to leadership 4.0

The Invisible Mass

Founded on clientelism, Philippine politics was crafted to pass a single political corridor, none other than the formation of clans and dynasties more powerful than political parties and ideologies. In a patron-client relationship, the exchanges of favors transcend generations of voters and politicians laying the foundations for perpetual indebtedness. It is in this endless stream of favors —sought and gained— that the politicians and the masses, form a reservoir of dynastic bonds and obligations. Competition, as an essential feature of democracy, manifests itself in granted favors and welfare provisions among power-wielders, transforming the elections into a dole-out contest for local elites. Political kindness breeds an enduring image of good statesmanship and public service. Through interviews, this qualitative study seeks to create a solid understanding of political participation in Aklan's political environment. The data were collected from a congressman, a vice governor, board members, mayors, and key informants. The interview transcripts were coded and subjected to analysis in order to learn more about the nature and customs of political engagement in Aklan. There were twenty (21) responders in total for the study. Finally, this research proposes the different forms of political dynasties and their distinct characteristics. It recommends a cordial reception of all forms of political dynasties except the failed dynasty and argues that prohibiting the appearance of a political dynasty through the passing of the Anti-Dynasty Bill (ADB) is unjust, inhuman, and undemocratic.

Dynastic dilemma in South Asia: influence, networks and shamefacedness

ABSTRACT This article contributes to the growing literature on political dynasticism in contemporary South Asia and shifts the focus from the much-debated national level dynasties to the usually ignored dynasties operating at subnational and regional levels. Analytically, it investigates the ‘moment’ of succession, conceptualised as the period when new heirs are actively enrolled in a dynastic formation. Such moments of succession can be perilous moments for dynastic formations, potentially disrupting its routine functioning style. And yet, these moments allow a clear identification and opportunity for analysis of the specific dilemma that all political dynasties have to negotiate. This dilemma can be described as follows: how to reconcile (1) the need to project emerging dynastic heirs as extraordinary beings embodying the special qualities of the original dynast, with (2) the equally pressing need to downplay inherited dynastic privilege – conceptualised here using Louis Dumont’s idea of ‘shamefacedness’ – often portrayed as an illegitimate source of power and influence in postcolonial South Asia. A successful succession, as this article argues, relies on the ability to negotiate this dilemma. To demonstrate this negotiation in practice, the article analyses two cases of dynastic succession: Abhishek Banerjee in West Bengal, India and Serniabat Sadiq Abdullah in Barishal, Bangladesh.