Polishing Depth Research Articles

Polarization characteristics of a metal clad elliptic-core fiber polarizer

The polarization characteristics of a metal coated elliptic-core optical fiber polarizer are analysed theoretically using a rectangular-core waveguide model. The loss of the TM-like and TE-like models of such a polarizer has been obtained as a function of depth of polishing. The study shows that the polarization extinction ratio increases with the increase of depth of polishing, attains a maximum value and then starts decreasing. Further, the present study shows that a simple planar waveguide model can also be used to predict the polarization characteristics of such polarizer quite accurately.

Performance of surface-plasma-wave fiber-optic polarizers

Variations in the TM-like polarization transmission characteristics and polarization extinction ratio of surface-plasma-wave fiber-optic polarizers owing to variations in the depth of polishing and the metal film thickness are presented. The two effects have been isolated in carefully designed experiments and studied separately.

Measurements on variation of birefringence with depth of polishing in elliptic core fibers

Side polished single mode fibers are used for the fabrication of various in-line fiber optic components such as directional couplers, polarizers etc. Such a polishing operation changes the birefringence of the fiber. In this paper, we report on explicit measurements of the change in birefringence of an elliptic core fiber with the depth of polishing. Experimental results are compared with recent theoretical analysis using a rectangular core model and a reasonably good agreement is shown.

Geometrical birefringence of polished and D-shape fibers

Birefringence characteristics of polished and D-shape fibers have been studied using the rectangular-core waveguide model. It is found that if an elliptical core fiber is polished parallel to the major axis of the core, the shape birefringence always increases with the polishing depth while if the fiber is polished parallel to the minor axis, the birefringence first decreases, becomes zero at one point and then increases sharply in the reverse direction.

The refractive-index distribution normal to the polished surface of fused quartz measured by ellipsometry

One of the dominant factors influencing the frequency aging of a crystal oscillator is the amount of surface irregularity left by polishing upon its crystal resonator. This paper deals with the refractive-index distribution of fused quartz as a measure of polished layer depth. It is found that the refractive-index distribution can be expressed by a combination of an exponential function and a linear function. The refractive index decreases exponentially from a surface value of 1.736 to a certain value at a depth of 50±10 Å and from it decreases linearly to the bulk value of 1.460 at a depth of 2000±200 Å.

Roughness and wear characteristics of spark-eroded surfaces

Measurements of surface roughness H r. m. s were made on spark-eroded samples of tungsten carbide, high speed tool steel, high carbon steel and mild steel machined with graphite, copper and tungsten tools. The roughness increased with increasing pulse energy for particular work-tool combinations. The surface finish improved as the melting point of the work material increased for a particular tool material and as the work function of the tool material decreased for a particular work material. The surface roughness profile records were graphically analysed to obtain the average and maximum peak-to-valley height and the free polishing depth. The heterogeneity of the surface, expressed as the ratio of the range of microirregularities to its average value, was between 1.1 and 1.5. Reduction in pulse energy, which resulted in a better surface finish, correlated with reduction in the free polishing depth. The average diameter of the crater increased with increasing pulse energy.

The corrosion resitance of carburized stainless steels

1. The corrosion resistance in water and in the tropical chamber is highest for carburized steels 1Kh17N2 and 1Kh16N2AM. 2. The corrosion resistance increases with increasing depth of polishing of the carburized steel. 3. Raising the quenching temperature before carburizing (above 950°C) lowers the corrosion resistance. 4. Raising the quenching temperature after carburizing from 950 to 1100°C has no effect on the corrosion resistance of steel 1Kh16N2AM; lowering the quenching temperature to 800–850°C lowers the corrosion resistance. 5. The corrosion resistance of the carburized steel is highest after tempering at 250°C for stress relief.

18-8ステンレス鋼のエメリー研摩

The conditions of polishing of 18-8 stainless steel have mainly relied upon experimentations. There have been no definite values as to the force exerted in polishing. As the results, too strong force caused overheating, or too weak force could not remove imperfections from the surface.The object of the authors' study was to technically determine the exerting force on emery cloth and polishing compounds of grease-base which are used in manufacturing table and kitchen wares in Japan.The polishing wheel used in this experiment was made of canvas; its diameter was 1.1 in., its peripheral speed was 6, 000-7, 000ft./min., and its grain size of polishing grit was #180.The following results were obtained.1. When the force of 7.1lb./in2 was exerted in dry polishing, polishing burn was caused; but the burn was not caused for the force of 24lb/in2 when tripolite was used as lubricating abrasives.The depth of polishing was 10μ in the former case and 30μ in the latter case.2. The maintenance time of buffing was longer when the grain size of tripolite was finer or neutralization value of the grease was larger.