Performance Evaluation Of Policies Research Articles

Learnings, Issues, and Challenges Encountered by Students and Faculty Members in the Implementation of Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs)

Consistent with the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) design of ISO 9001:2015, performance evaluation of policies pertaining to the University’s main functions, i.e., instruction, research, and extension, should be pursued, especially for a newly implemented policy. Small Private Online Courses (SPOCs) at Bulacan State University were crafted, developed, and enhanced not only in compliance with the demands of continuing education but also to suit the standard of learning that is equal to classroom instruction catered physically. Whether these courses became effective and efficient within the duration of implementation remains to be determined. In the hope of having a fair and honest assessment that willlead towards relevant refinement of offering SPOCs, this mixed method of research undertaking aims to re-examine its efficiency and effectiveness, specifically, the learnings, issues and challenges encountered by the facultymembers and students when using SPOC as modality. Thesurvey questionnaire and interview questions were developed and validated and the interview among faculty members were face to face while the survey questionnaire for the SPOC students was through Google form for answering online, and the respondents were five thousand and eight students and twenty-five faculty members were interviewed. The findings indicate the factors that may impede the success of the implementation of SPOCs, aside from personal logistic challenges, the lack of discipline to manage time and sustain the interest in a given lesson are problems that require attention and further innovation. While connectivity can be identified as a personal logistic challenge, it can also be a challenge on the part of the University. The problem of connectivity may be seen as an opportunity for the University to create its own Learning Management System that can be customized to suit fit according to bandwidth, accessible and affordable to students. It can be concluded that SPOC is a promising learning platform in a world where hybrid interactions are highly relevant and can help save a lot of time and resources which brings in the recommendation to revisit, redesign, and recalibrate it for the ever-changing landscape of education.

The Policy Performance Evaluation of Tanjung Selor’s New Independent City Development, North Kalimantan

This paper aims to describe and explain the policy performance evaluation of Tanjung Selor’s new independent city development. New city development is a systematic process and must pay attention to supporting aspects at all stages of development. A new city development policy is important in solving urban problems and encouraging the level of urban development. The research method used is qualitative, with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques in this research include literature studies, interviews, and field observations. The factual findings of this research are explained through input, process, output, and outcome indicators. Based on input indicators, budget, and human resource limitations constrain Tanjung Selor’s new independent city development. Then the process indicators regarding the development of Tanjung Selor's new independent city have also not been carried out effectively. While the output indicator is that the ministry's performance is not following prevailing regulations. And finally, on the outcomes indicator, Tanjung Selor’s new independent city development is aimed at fulfilling facilities and infrastructure by rejuvenating the old city. In conclusion, the performance of Tanjung Selor’s new independent city development policy has not been running as a whole and is still partial, besides that there are still several obstacles that must be improved, especially in terms of budget and human resources.

소재・부품・장비 산업 지원정책의 평가와 시사점

This paper provides an overview of Korea's competitiveness-strengthening policy for materials, parts, and equipment (PME policy), which was implemented in response to Japan's export regulations on strategic materials in 2019. The study conducts empirical analysis and case studies to evaluate the policy's effects and derive policy implications. Specifically, panel data from 2,165 companies, including policy beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, are collected for the period from 2017 to 2021. Using a two-way fixed effects (TWFE) model, the analysis reveals positive policy outcomes in terms of profitability, employment, and patent registration for the policy beneficiary companies. The paper proposes policy improvement measures, such as upgrading through the restructuring of the PME policy, expansion of PME technical workforce, and tailored support based on company characteristics, including R&D support. Furthermore, the study discusses the establishment of an effective data management strategy and a continuous policy performance evaluation system. However, due to data limitations, only four specific support policies were analyzed, and the small number of companies studied is a limitation of this research.

Analysis the Implementation of Indonesian Supertax Deduction Incentive for Apprenticeship and Training Programs

Background: In Indonesian National Medium Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah/RPJMN IV) from 2020-2024, one of the Indonesian Government's agenda is increasing the quality and competitiveness of the Indonesian human resources. The available labour force is considered adequate. Based on BPS data, Indonesian labour force numbers have kept growing and reached more than 144 million in 2022, with a participation rate of around 69,06%. Aim: The research would like to analyze the implementation of Indonesian supertax deduction incentive for apprenticeship and training programs. Method: This study uses a post-positivism paradigm. This study is descriptive. This study is based on the policy performance evaluation criteria by William Dunn using Nugroho's dimensions and indicators of policy effectiveness. Both theories can explain the evaluation of policies and provide comprehensive information. Findings: The STD incentive policy for apprenticeship and training programs has been implemented in Indonesia since 2019 through the issuance of GR 45/2019 and PMK 128/2019. As of September 2022, only 65 taxpayers have received approval for the application for this tax facility. Among the 65 taxpayers, only 14 taxpayers have received tax benefits from using the STD incentive facility. Of the five criteria for public policy effectiveness, namely the right policy, the right implementation, the right on target, the right environment, and the right on process have been fulfilled.

On distinguishing the direct causal effect of an intervention from its efficiency-enhancing effects

This paper proposes an innovative methodology for handling endogeneity issues in the evaluation of policy performance. By estimating a regression discontinuity design with a four-component stochastic frontier panel data model, we estimate the causal impact of a policy intervention on the outcome variable, whenever the treatment status depends on an exogenous threshold. We distinguish between (i) the direct effect of the intervention, (ii) the efficiency-enhancing effect, or (iii) their combination. Moreover, we distinguish between persistent (time-invariant) and transient (time-varying) inefficiency components while accounting for unobserved heterogeneity, which is important for policy implications. We showcase the practical usefulness of the proposed approach by estimating the effect of providing additional resources on schools that exceed an exogenously set share of disadvantaged students in secondary schools in Flanders, Belgium. We also demonstrate the trade-off between balance of the covariates in the treated and control group and statistical power. Thus, despite insignificant effects in a balanced but smaller sample close to the discontinuity, the results become significant in the unbalanced sample with more statistical power. In both samples, we observe that the policy had an effect on the outcome mostly through the efficiency-enhancing channel. To this extent, we show that the model specification including both direct and indirect effects outperforms the other two specifications and it offers a more exhaustive perspective from a policy view point.

Land ecological protection polices improve ecosystem services: A case study of Lishui, China

Ecological priority and green development have become the main theme of the times in China. The policy performance evaluation of ecological protection needs to quantitatively identify the changes of ecosystem quality and services firstly. This paper constructed the analytical framework driven by ecological protection policy of “Goal-oriented—Policy driven—Ecological quality–Service improvement”, and used multi-source data to establish the evaluation approach of “ecosystem quality-ecosystem services-ecosystem services value”. This study took Lishui as a case study to confirm the framework proposed. The results show that the ecosystem quality of Lishui has been steadily improved in recent 10 years. The overall quality of ecosystem services such as vegetation oxygen release, carbon sequestration, pollution removal, cooling service, humidification regulation and water conservation service has been improved by a range of 2%–6%. The value of ecological products has increased from 143.28 billion CNY in 2009 to 150.23 billion CNY in 2019. Lishui has implemented the development concept of “ecological civilization”, and the policies of ecological restoration or land remediation have changed land use and ecosystem quality, which was the main driving force for the improvement of ecological quality and the main promotion of ecological products value. The methods and results can provide insight into the impact of land policies on ecosystem services and decisions that support for further optimizing land ecological protection policies.

INVESTIGATION ON SATISFACTION AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIOR CHANGES OF TIBETAN EDUCATIONAL LANGUAGE POLICY IN GANZI TIBETAN AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE

BackgroundFrom the early empirical research results, we found the special methods and dimensions of education policy performance evaluation. These studies transition to outcome assessment and process assessment. Recent work has combined performance evaluation and education policy evaluation, and combined them. This study reconsiders the structure and measurement criteria of education policy performance in Tibet. To understand the current situation and characteristics of the implementation of educational language policy in Tibet and the changes of emotional behavior.Participants and MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among 945 middle school students in Ganzi Prefecture. Based on the results of Wang Shiying's questionnaire survey in Taiwan and the suggestions of the members and leaders of the research group, this study compiled a self-made Tibetan language education language policy scale. There are two types of balances, one is closed and the other is open. From the perspective of item reliability, structure reliability, alpha, ave and partition validity, this study makes an item analysis and reliability analysis on the four dimensions of language acquisition, policy attitude, policy awareness and policy satisfaction. Statistical software package amos21. 0 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThe results show that the structural model of Tibetan educational language policy has been supported by the local government, which shows that the Tibetan educational language policy is effective. From large to small, the performance dimensions of educational language policy are: satisfaction with Tibetan educational language policy > Tibetan ability > Tibetan use > Tibetan educational language policy awareness. The standard deviation of each dimension from large to small is: Tibetan use > Tibetan ability > satisfaction with Tibetan educational language policy > recognition of Tibetan educational language policy. At present, the average value of the average performance evaluation of education policy in the questionnaire analysis is 3.6150 ~ 4.0595, which is equivalent to the degree of “above average”, and the overall performance is ideal. The correlation between Wittenberg coefficient and UCA was 0.81; The correlation between emotional language table and it is 0.59. Consistent with the expected results, language function is related to the evaluation of various policies; Emotional factors are related to the evaluation of the relationship between language recognition. (most correlation values are 0.30-0.70). From the perspective of discriminant validity, the correlation between social and emotional language items of Russell et al is only 0.170. As mentioned above, their correlation with other variables is also different. The correlation between Wittenberg's social and emotional language subscales is 0.44, which is significantly lower than the reliability of various scales, and the correlation between the two languages and other variables is also inconsistent. One of Wittenberg's findings is that social language has a high correlation with the UCLA scale, but this may also be partly due to the imbalance of the UCLA scale, that is, there are too many items for policy and less items for language and attachment.ConclusionThis paper discusses the dimensions and components of the performance of education policy in Tibet. In the analysis, some theoretical hypotheses of the performance structure of Tibet's education policy are tested, and the empirical data are combed to give an overall view of the criticism contained in these studies. This study constructs the model blueprint of the performance structure of Tibetan language education language policy, which provides reference and suggestions for future researchers. However, Ganzi Tibetan language education is a complex project, which will take a long time to implement. Therefore, the implementation of Tibetan language education needs unremitting efforts. On the basis of summarizing the successful experience of Tibetan language education, local governments and education departments should further study and accurately grasp the laws of education, promote the innovation of Tibetan language education ideas and clarify the objectives of Tibetan language education.AcknowledgementsThis article is a research project of the social science department of Hainan Province"(No. HNSK(ZC) -19 -08).

EVALUATION OF NON-STRUCTURAL INSTITUTION ESTABLISHMENT POLICY IN INDONESIA: CASES ON NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION AND PROSECUTOR’S COMMISSION

The study examines non-structural government institutions/state auxiliary institutions in Indonesia, with a focus on the National Police Commission and the Prosecutor’s Commission. The data gathering method is qualitative through documentation and focuses group discussion (FGD). The purposes of this research are to examine the characteristics and performance measurements of the Police Commission and the Prosecutor’s Commission in achieving their objectives and to examine the policy performance evaluation of non-structural government institutions. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is to uncover critical characteristics that influence the performance of the Police Commission and the Prosecutor’s Commission in attaining their respective goals. The aim of the two commissions’ formation, as well as the independence of their institutions, are some of the measures used to evaluate their performance. According to the findings of this study, the Police Commission and the Prosecutor’s Commission are not yet entirely autonomous in carrying out their responsibilities as independent organizations. Furthermore, the National Police Commission’s and Prosecutor’s Commission’s objectives have not been met following the policy objectives that led to their foundation. The content of the policies created by the government, as well as the policy environment as an external feature, are essential aspects that impact the success of the Police Commission and the Prosecutor’s Commission in achieving their aims.

대한체육회 공공스포츠클럽 정책 사업의 성과 분석

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the public sports club policy project promoted by the Korean Sport & Olympic Committee as a national task. In order to increase the policy performance and objectivity of research of this project, it was limited to 98 public sports clubs that have been established and operated nationwide for seven years from 2013 to 2019. As for the policy performance analysis method, the first policy performance analysis was conducted by identifying the "input-process-output" index based on various literature data and deriving results. Based on the results of the first analysis, the second policy performance evaluation evaluated policy performance by selecting 22 research participants who were well aware of the public sports club policy project according to the concepts of ''effectiveness'', ''efficiency'', and ''appropriateness''. Through the performance analysis study of the public sports club policy project, the following conclusions were reached. First, the public sports club policy project achieved its original goal from the perspective of effectiveness, efficiency, and adequacy, which are three measures of policy performance evaluation, and received higher scores than average, but the results were not satisfactory. Second, even if government support for public sports clubs is terminated, it is necessary to secure a stable budget and establish a legal basis for consignment use of public sports facilities to attract members, financial independence, stabilize leader employment, and continuous program operation. Third, in the case of areas where public sports clubs were established, there were many cases of conflict due to the lack of a governance system with local sports associations and sports organizations.

Evaluasi Peraturan Daerah Kota Pekanbaru Nomor 9 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pengelolaan Pasar Rakyat, Pusat Perbelanjaan dan Toko Swalayan pada Dinas Perdagangan dan Perindustrian (Studi Kasus Perencanaan Fisik Pasar Sail di Kecamatan Sail)

This research discusses the evaluation of the Pekanbaru City Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2014. Every people's market must meet the requirements starting from the supporting facilities and facilities that must exist in the people's market according to those already in the policy, while at Sail Market there are supporting facilities and facilities which are not available or many are not functioning due to lack of maintenance from the manager. The theory used is Riant Nugroho's evaluation theory which suggests an evaluation of policy performance. The place of this research is the Department of Trade and Industry of Pekanbaru City and Sail Market . The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2014 on the physical planning of Sail market. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, this method is used to describe how the Pekanbaru City government manages and supervises the people's market, especially the Sail Market. The results of this study conclude that the Pekanbaru City government in dealing with people's markets managed by third parties to create a decent, safe and healthy people's market according to the provisions of Regional Regulation No. 9 of 2014 has not been effective. The Department of Trade and Industry has not been able to carry out its duties and functions as the agency responsible for managing the people's market. This is because the current condition of Sail market is that there are many supporting facilities and facilities that do not exist.

Review on the Theory, Method and Model of Policy Performance Evaluation

Review on the Theory, Method and Model of Policy Performance Evaluation

Approaches to the evaluation of the public regional policy efficiency

The paper addresses the issue of improving the methodological framework of the evaluation of the public regional policy efficiency. It provides a short review of methodological approaches and mechanisms to evaluate the policy implementation depending on measures directed at achievement of objectives (performance evaluation) and management level (efficiency evaluation). The paper outlines the problem of the lack of a single approach to the interpretation of the policy efficiency and performance categories, which leads to difficulties in the evaluation and simplification of the policy. The set of methodological tools to evaluate the policy implementation that includes the key principles and the algorithm is suggested. The evaluation of the policy efficiency following the suggested set of tools includes the socio-economic, environmental, and institutional components. The evaluation of performance stipulates the measurement of the level of the policy objectives achievement and tasks implementation based on the system of qualitative and quantitative parameters. The paper reveals that performance is the component of the efficiency evaluation. The suggested set of methodological tools has the advantage of possible regional policy monitoring in terms of setting and implementing the objectives and tasks as well as its complex nature and expansion of methodological techniques of current public regional policy performance evaluation.

Policy Performance of Green Lighting Industry in China: A DID Analysis from the Perspective of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

As a component of China’s strategic emerging industries, green lighting is an important industry supporting the high-quality and high-efficiency development of China’s economy, and is also an important way to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction. At present, China has basically established a policy framework to promote the development of green lighting industry, but there is no empirical evidence on the performance of existing policies on energy conservation and emission reduction. Based on the development status of China’s green lighting industry, this paper sorts out the milestones of China’s green lighting industry policy and the current status of the framework of the existing green lighting industry development policies, constructs a policy performance evaluation model for China’s green lighting industry based on the difference-in-difference (DID) model, and evaluates the implementation effects of green lighting industry policies in China from the perspective of energy conservation and emission reduction. The empirical results of China’s 85 cities show that the implementation of green lighting industry policies has significantly promoted regional energy conservation and emission reduction. Finally, this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations to provide policy support for the transformation of China’s green lighting industry from “large” to “strong”.

Cutting Tools Replacement: Toward a Holistic Framework

The important losses in the machining industry due to improper replacement of cutting inserts induces the necessity of optimizing the maintenance policies in such contexts. However, the variety of industrial practices, end-of-life criteria, and optimization criteria does not allow a clear view on the maintenance policy performance evaluation. The general objective of this paper is to make clear the framework in which the industrial practice may apply the already existing statistical approaches to the specific case of cutting tools, which constitutes the novelty of this paper. In order to do so, a general methodology is presented, that may help identify the maintenance performance criteria to be used for optimizing the tool replacement, as well as statistical procedures for this optimization, of which examples are presented.

Affective Policy Performance Evaluation Model: A Case of an International Trade Policy Implementation

Firms often superficially adopt policies because of governmental rules and regulations, so as to avoid penalties or to gain benefits. However, the evaluation and characterization of those kinds of adoptions as policy performance distorts the true level of policy performance: social sustainability. This study proposes an affective policy performance evaluation model. The attitudes of employees toward adopting a policy are characterized into genuine and superficial compliance. Their behaviors are explained through voluntary and opportunistic adoptions. In order to validate the proposed model, a survey was conducted on an international trade policy target group (n = 216) for the Strategic Trade Control System (STCS), in order to understand their attitudes toward adopting the policy. The survey data was analyzed by a structural equation modeling method. The measures of the factors in the proposed model are adopted and modified from existing studies. The most effective resources of policy implementation on the firms’ genuine and superficial compliance and ultimately on the firms’ voluntary policy adoption are revealed through the analysis. Based on the results, this study presents a strategy for allocating and managing policy implementation resources to exclusively encourage firms’ trade policy adoptions.

Private Transaction Costs of Water Trade in the Murray–Darling Basin

High transaction costs can prevent the efficient allocation of resources towards socially-desirable outcomes. Water is a classic example of a resource with private and public socially-desirable benefits, which depend on its efficient allocation. Public and private institutions thus fulfil an important function by seeking to lower transaction costs in water markets. Where transaction costs are reduced, those same institutions may benefit from positive economic outcomes. However, in spite of their importance for policy performance evaluation, very few studies have investigated the impacts of transaction costs over time on the success or failure of public policy implementation and compliance. This study identifies important transaction costs and their rate of change in the world's leading water market: the southern Murray–Darling Basin in Australia. It was found that some progress towards lowering transaction costs in water markets has been achieved, particularly in respect to water allocation (temporary) transfers. However, some water entitlement (permanent) transaction costs have increased in the time-period, which may be justifiable given the inherent complexities associated with individual entitlement transfer assessments. Overall, the analysis suggests that institutional investment in water markets have improved irrigator private gains from trade.

Performance evaluation of climate policies in China: A study based on an integrated assessment model

China has the world’s highest levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and its adoption of optimal measures to address climate change is extremely important. In this article, we assess the performance of various Chinese policies aimed at addressing climate change in terms of cost effectiveness, cost-benefit efficiency, and their contribution to a reduction in emissions with a new single-region model, DEMETER-CCPE. Our analysis shows that the performance of these Chinese policies strongly depends on the principles and indicators used in the evaluation. When climate-specific cost indicators are considered, the mixed policy performs best in terms of cost reduction. When cost-efficiency indicators are used, a single policy performs better to some extent. From the perspective of evaluating the contribution to emissions reduction, the development of non-fossil-fuel-based energy technologies offers the greatest opportunity for reducing emissions in a mixed-policy scenario. Finally, this article study possible ‘burden’ and ‘free-rider’ scenarios in order to explore the effect of different levels of joint actions between China and the rest of the world (ROW) on a performance evaluation of policies to address climate change.

Research on Public Policy Performance Evaluation Based on Local Fractional Algorithm

In this paper, we prompt public performance evaluation method based on local fractional algorithm. This paper takes the public value as a basic framework to build a system and it combines the execution process of ecological construction policies with the performance evaluation of the ecological effects. Then it extracts index factors from some aspects such as the fairness of the process, respect for the subject of co-production the management effi- ciency of the government departments, the sustainability of ecological effects and so on. The performance evaluation indexes and models of the ecological construction polices based on the public value are of great significance and feasible. Currently, together with the booming of the public man- agement reform in the worldwide and globalization has brought about a lot of changes in the international political and economic environment. Against this background, domestic makers and experts and scholars of science study in many countries have been fully realized that intensifying macro analysis and promoting the reform and innovation in the making and implementation system are of great significance to the destiny of the country and the regime and the sustainable development of the econ- omy. In recent years, countries all over the world, particu- larly the developed countries, have conducted wide range of reform and assessment in system and perform- ance, such as the Reinventing Government Movement in the United States, the Second Nation-Making Movement in the Republic of Korea, and the New Action Examination and Approval Committee in Japan (1). There have been a lot of achievements in relevant studies. Among them, the issue of how to relax government control and how to strengthen per- formance assessment has become very popular for study and government reform. The public performance evaluation is a new field of study, while study on the demands of evaluation is also in its infancy now. Public performance evaluation can be considered as performance-oriented public evaluation, or can be considered as measuring the results of the in a certain area for a certain time, which is with the Overall Performance Evaluation, public sector performance evalua- tion and public project performance evaluation, forming the whole system of government performance evaluation. Study on the demands of evaluation is a key stage of the whole process of evaluation, and decide the concepts, methods and the orientation of the evaluation. Public policy, as an important way of distributing the public resources, has great influence on the society. Essentially saying, the demands of public performance evaluation come out of the bad policy and its consequences. Like unscientific decision- making process; or the preference, which is the result of game of different interest groups; or the values the gov- ernments holing are different with the public's during the process; or the goals of the governments' acting are different with the society's, there are a great many parts of the current public policies are not reasonable. Unreasonable policies brought great waste of resources, attached a negative impact on the public's life, and even caused political crisis, which can be found in histories of many countries in the world. So the public performance evaluation is acting an irreplaceable role in the whole process (2). The motivations, which promote the growing of demands on the public performance evaluation, are related to the changes in the financial system, the rise of the govern- ment accountability, the rise of civil society, and the devel- oping of the public policy, etc. The reasons that the motiva- tions turned up come from both inside and outside of the government. Different goals of evaluation and various de- mands from the public, the demands of evaluation are differ- ent and changing factors of economy, society and politics are essential to realize the demands. In the light of that the demands of evaluation are clearing, and the technology are developing, the system of public performance evalua- tion will definitely be built up in someday, and will play an important role in the democratization and legalization pro- gress of our country.

Performance Evaluation of Industrial Land Policy in China

Rapid industrialization, as one of the main driving forces promoting sustainable economic growth, has increased the area of industrial land use significantly. Industrial land use manifests that the competition between it and other kinds of land use is growing. During the last decade in China, many targeted industrial land use policies have been enacted to stimulate appropriate industrial land use and to promote healthy economic development. However, it is difficult for scholars and governments of rapidly developing countries to judge and evaluate the performance of such policies. Based on statistical data gathered over almost 10 years and an idea called “industrial land equivalent” (ILE), this paper analyzes the contribution made by the implementation of industrial land use policy to economic development, using a Cobb-Douglas production function by which to quantify the influence of land institutions and land regulation systems. The result of the study shows that factors, such as industrial land, labor and capital, all play an important role in GDP growth. Additionally, it is found that industrial land institutions and regulation systems have a strongly positive influence on economic development. It was also found that the influence of policy in eastern China is greater than that in the west and that repeated, short-term land regulation has a negative effect on the economy. Therefore, it is profoundly important for the Chinese economy that a stable and durable industrial land use policy be maintained as the industrial center migrates to the Midwest. The research philosophy and method offered by this paper have great significance for the quantitative evaluation of policy performance.

Climate policy. Mapmakers and navigators, facts and values.

Climate policy. Mapmakers and navigators, facts and values.