Impact Of Policies Research Articles

Energy transition policy and rural revitalization of Chinese ethnic regions

This study addresses socio-economic disparities and environmental challenges in China's ethnic regions by examining the impact of energy transition policies on rural revitalization, with a particular focus on the mediating effects of population quality, economic growth, and industrial upgrading. Using data from 46 Chinese ethnic regions spanning 2003 to 2022, the analysis reveals that industrial upgrading significantly enhances the effectiveness of these policies, while educational attainment, as a measure of population quality, further amplifies their benefits. Although economic growth also contributes positively to rural revitalization, its mediating role is less pronounced. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy that integrates energy transition with socio-economic development to promote sustainable rural progress. The study underscores the critical role of incorporating energy transition into broader development policies, particularly through industrial and educational improvements, to achieve sustainable development in China's ethnic regions, and offers valuable policy recommendations.

Boosting Electric Vehicle Adoption with PCT Policy: Insights from China's Private Transportation

Personal Carbon Trading (PCT) motivates low-carbon consumption and travel by rewarding sustainable behaviors. This study examines the impact of PCT policies on electric vehicle (EV) adoption in China's private transportation sector. Using a Stackelberg game model involving the government, EV manufacturers, and consumers, it finds that PCT policies can boost EV adoption rates by 2.29% to 14.3%. Each addition of 100,000 new EVs could reduce carbon emissions by 30,000 tons. Effective PCT policies require an independent carbon pricing system and should be implemented where infrastructure and public willingness to pay are high. Both allocation methods are conducive to the promotion of EVs: one facilitates the government in setting regional emission reduction plans, while the other ensures that the government does not incur policy-related expenditures, and different allocation methods should be chosen according to the time and circumstances in different periods of EV market development.

The Impact of Legal Policies on the Enforcement of Human Rights in Indonesia

The Impact of Legal Policies on the Enforcement of Human Rights in Indonesia

Cap-and-trade under a dual-channel setting in the presence of information asymmetry

Cap-and-trade, a widely used carbon regulation policy, encourages firms to adopt carbon abatement technologies to reduce emissions. Traditional supply-chain literature on this policy assumes symmetrical information, overlooking the fact that carbon abatement efforts and costs are often private and vary significantly across geographies, industries, and pollutants. In this paper we explore a dual-channel setting involving a manufacturer and a retailer, where the manufacturer, subject to cap-and-trade regulations, has undisclosed information about its carbon abatement costs. Our findings reveal that high abatement costs can paradoxically benefit the manufacturer, the environment, consumers, and overall social welfare. Our result also cautions that a higher carbon trading price (e.g., due to more ambitious emission reduction targets) can disincentivize the manufacturer from investing in carbon abatement. Moreover, a higher production cost, while resulting in lower market output, can increase pollution generation. We contribute the following to the practitioner debate about the impact of carbon policies: for an industry with a large market size, our findings lend support to governments to implement a cap-and-trade policy, because the manufacturer, customers and social welfare can be better off under a cap-and-trade policy than under a tax policy or no carbon policy. Additionally, we suggest that in such industries, governments need not enforce information transparency within the supply chain.

Analyzing the Impact of the New Educational Policy 2020: A Comprehensive Review of India's Educational Reforms

Analyzing the Impact of the New Educational Policy 2020: A Comprehensive Review of India's Educational Reforms

Understanding the Inequality and Welfare Impacts of Carbon Tax Policies

Understanding the Inequality and Welfare Impacts of Carbon Tax Policies

Distance Education In The Legal Amazon

The expansion of Distance Education (DE) in the Legal Amazon represents an important advance for the democratization of higher education in a region marked by the vast territorial extension and the difficult accessibility to face-to-face educational services. This education model seeks to meet a pent-up demand from students who reside in isolated areas, offering a solution that circumvents geographical limitations and promotes inclusion. This article explores the expansion of Distance Education (DE) in Brazil's Legal Amazon, where educational provision faces socioeconomic and geographic barriers that make face-to-face access more challenging. This study reviews the literature on distance education in the region, analyzes the impact of public policies and discusses how Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) play a central role in the democratization of education.

Assessing energy efficiency and its dynamic changes in the water sector integrating heterogeneity and carbon emissions

Enhancing the energy performance of water utilities is a critical step towards achieving a net-zero carbon industry. Traditional energy performance assessments in the water industry often overlook heterogeneity among water companies and fail to account for changes in energy efficiency (EE) over time. To address these shortcomings, this research employs Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) techniques to assess energy performance of two types of water companies such as Water and Sewerage Companies (WaSCs) and Water-only Companies (WoCs) within a single energy frontier model. Empirical analysis of water companies in England and Wales reveals an average EE score of 0.940 over the 2010–2020 period, suggesting a 6% energy-saving potential. English and Welsh water industry exhibited an overall 0.3% annual improvement in energy productivity change (EPC). This improvement was primarily attributed to efficiency changes (average 1.005), which offset the negative shift in technology change (average 0.998), while the scale effect remained negligible (average 1.000). WaSCs experienced a slight increase in EPC, with an average value of 1.018, indicating an improvement in energy productivity. In contrast, WoCs exhibited a decrease in EPC, with an average value of 0.989, suggesting a decline in energy productivity. These disparities were due to opposite shifts in the efficient production frontier; WaSCs had a positive shift (average 1.012), while WoCs had a negative shift (average 0.984). The study also highlights the impact of regulatory policies on energy performance. The 2009 price review involved modest improvements (average EPC = 1.013), while the 2014 price review yielded unfavorable results (average EPC = 0.993), emphasizing the need for long-term policies to facilitate sector-wide transformation towards carbon neutrality.

Harmonizing Digital Trade for Sustainable Stride: Unveiling the Industrial Pollution Reduction Effect of China's Cross-Border E-Commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zones

As a key export-oriented economy, China faces significant challenges to its green economic development due to industrial pollution. While digital trade is crucial for sustainable development, its impact on industrial pollution has not been studied. This paper addresses this gap by adopting prefecture-level data from 2005 to 2021 and using a staggered difference-in-differences model to assess the impact of comprehensive pilot zones policy of cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) on industrial sulfur dioxide pollution. The findings indicate that CBEC significantly reduces industrial sulfur dioxide emission intensity, with the effect growing stronger over time. The effect is particularly notable in eastern and western regions, large cities, cities with underdeveloped digital infrastructure, and cities with lower pollution. Mechanism analysis reveals that CBEC lowers industrial emission intensity by driving structure upgrading, fostering green innovation, and advancing digital transformation. This paper emphasizes that the government can expedite the green transformation of the economy by integrating digital trade with industry.

Assessment of a coupled electricity and hydrogen sector in the Texas energy system in 2050

Due to its ability to reduce emissions in the hard-to-abate sectors, hydrogen is expected to play a significant role in future energy systems. This study modifies a sector-coupled dynamic modeling framework for electricity and hydrogen by including policy constraints, carbon prices, and possible hydrogen pathways and applies it to Texas in 2050. The impact of financial policies, including the US clean hydrogen production tax credit, on required infrastructure and costs are explored. Due to low natural gas prices, financial levers are necessary to promote low-carbon hydrogen production as the optimized solution. The Levelized Costs of Hydrogen are found to be $1.50/kg in the base case (primarily via steam methane reformation production) and lie between $2.10 - 3.10/kg when production is via renewable electrolysis. The supporting infrastructure required to supply those volumes of renewable hydrogen is immense. The hydrogen tax credit was found to be enough to drive production via electrolysis.

From restriction to relaxation: the impact of fertility policy on household savings across countries

This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the impact of fertility policy adjustments on household saving rates using a panel data policy evaluation approach. We examine seven Asian regions that initially implemented restrictive fertility policies and later relaxed them, providing a unique empirical context for understanding the economic impact of such policy shifts. The analysis indicates that early restrictive fertility policies had a significant impact on the household saving rate, resulting in increases ranging from 4 to 21 percent across countries. However, the subsequent relaxation of these policies had mostly insignificant effects on household savings rates, with the exception of Japan. Specifically, the implementation of fertility restriction policies in China, Hong Kong (China), Malaysia, and Singapore is associated with a 4-10 percent increase in the household saving rate. In Korea, these policies lead to an increase of 18.3 percent, and in Iran, the effect is most pronounced, with a 21 percent increase in the household saving rate. In contrast, the relaxation of family planning policies in Japan resulted in a 6.4 percent decrease in the household savings rate. These results provide new quantitative evidence on the impact of fertility on household saving rates, support the life-cycle theory of saving, and provide explanations for the differential impact of such policy adjustments.

Environmental regulation and firms' product mix: The role of firms' product-specific capabilities

Understanding how firms respond to environmental regulation through product-mix decisions is critical to assessing the broader impact of such policies. This paper contributes to the literature by incorporating intra-firm dynamics and examining how these interact with firms’ capabilities to adjust their product scope and mix in response to environmental regulations, which are influenced by the costs of these adjustments. The empirical evidence suggests that targeted firms reallocated resources away from pollution-intensive products, indicating the policy’s effectiveness. Moreover, the relationship between environmental regulations and firms’ product-mix decisions is contingent on their ability to adapt their portfolios. Lastly, firms with different ownership structures display varying capacities to develop and sustain particular products.

Global Research Trends on Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Levels in Hospital Inpatient Wards: A Bibliometric Analysis

ABSTRACT Research on patient satisfaction in hospital inpatient rooms is one of the main focuses in efforts to improve the quality of health services. Understanding the factors that influence patient satisfaction is crucial for policy makers and healthcare practitioners. Although various studies have been conducted, the global map of this research trend is still not clearly depicted. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature related to patient satisfaction in hospitals, using a visualization approach to provide deeper insights into the dynamics of research in this area. The method used involved data collection of scholarly articles from 2014 to 2024 using Google Scholar's Publish or Perish application. A total of 50 articles were selected based on relevance to keywords such as Patient Satisfaction, Inpatient Room, Satisfaction Factors, Hospital, and Health Services. This data was then analyzed using VOSviewer to visualize the relationship between various elements in the literature through network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization. This approach mapped research trends, identified key clusters, and showed collaboration patterns and dominant topics. The results show that service quality and patient satisfaction are the main focus in the literature. Research clusters showed significant attention to basic aspects of healthcare such as hospital care and facilities, while demographic aspects and specific determinants were less explored. Citation analysis showed that articles providing comprehensive reviews or practical models received more attention. In addition, the density visualization revealed the dominance of quality of care aspects, but also showed the potential for further research on topics such as technological innovation and the impact of health policy. The conclusions of this study show that although much research has been conducted, there are still significant research gaps that can be further explored. This study maps global trends in patient satisfaction studies, and provides guidance for researchers to focus on less explored areas, thereby contributing to the improvement of healthcare quality in hospitals. Keywords: Patient Satisfaction, Service Quality, Hospital, Bibliometric Analysis.

How does China’s Winter Heating policy impact corporate sustainable development performance?

The China’s Winter Heating policy plays a crucial role in China’s regional environmental regulatory framework, particularly concerning the challenge of atmospheric pollution. This study investigates the impact of this policy on corporate sustainable development performance in the “2+26” cities of the Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region (BTH2+26) at the micro-level. It employs a dual perspective focusing on emission reduction and efficiency enhancement (i.e., sustainable development), utilizing a DID model based on the policy shock from the first implementation of the China’s Winter Heating policy in 2017. The findings indicate that this policy not only effectively promotes pollution reduction among heavy-polluting companies, thereby enhancing their environmental performance, but also improves their financial performance. Robustness tests confirm the significance of these results. Mechanism analysis reveals that the policy’s facilitative effect on heavy-polluting companies is mediated through promoting green innovation and easing financing constraints, with the innovation investment being the main channel to promote the corporate environmental performance. Heterogeneity analysis shows differential impacts across company nature and industry attributes, highlighting the policy’s varied effects on environmental performance and financial performance across sectors. This research contributes empirical evidence and policy insights into enhancing sustainable development performance among heavy-polluting companies under the China’s Winter Heating policy framework.

Prediction and Evaluation of Industrial Land Intensive Use: Adding Policy Impact to System Dynamics Model

Nowadays, urban development prioritizes improving quality over mere quantitative expansion, which requires a shift in land use from previous extensive use patterns to a more refined and efficient intensive use pattern. The intensive use of industrial land (IUIL) is a resource-utilization strategy for industrial land that aims at maximizing the dual growth of ecological and economic benefits by minimizing resource consumption and factor costs. In this research, IUIL is deconstructed into four aspects: input intensity, utilization intensity, economic benefits, and environmental benefits. Grounded in a qualitative analysis of the interconnected casual feedback among the various factors influencing IUIL, a system dynamics model with 36 indicators for IUIL evaluation and prediction is constructed. Policy impacts on IUIL from the supply side, utilization side, and supervision side are analyzed and embedded for a scenario simulation based on the theory of the entire life cycle of land use. The simulation shows its efficiency in reporting the variation tendency of industrial land use with varied policy impact strength. The results reveal a dynamic understanding of the evolving patterns of land intensification and present different characteristics of IUIL. This study further proposes policy recommendations to provide experience and references for the authorities to promote high-quality urbanization development in practice.

The Impact of Double Reduction Policy on College Entrance Examination Performance: Empirical Evidence

In China, the College Entrance Examination weights great in both students' and parents' hearts, which is even recognized as the rare chance to change a people's fate. At this circumstances, heavy homework, countless tests, little break time, burning night oils and even extracurricular tutoring on the weekends have become the daily routine for Chinese high school students, which have hurt their health conditions and added great burden on their mental health. To curb this long-standing issue caused by this phenomenon, a new educational policy called Double Reduction was released by the Chinese government on 2021 and nine Chinese cities are selected as the national policy pilot areas to test the effect in advance. This paper aims to verify the impact of the Double Reduction Policy in some provinces in which lie the selected policy pilot areas. Through continuous difference-indifference method, this study found no significant correlation between the Double Reduction and the College Entrance Examination performance in these areas. Policy makers should make proper actions to implement this new policy, in order to lighten the physical and mental burden of students and the financial burden of parents while take students learning effectiveness into consideration meanwhile.

Analyzing the Influence of Dividend Policy on Corporate Value: A Financial Perspective with Haier as a Case Study

The dividend policy plays a pivotal role in stabilizing stock prices and sustaining investor enthusiasm for listed companies. It not only significantly impacts the interests of management, investors, and creditors but also has long-term implications for the company's development. However, most studies on Chinese enterprises' dividend policies primarily rely on empirical research methods, with limited literature available on individual companies. The utilization of a case analysis methodology in this study has significantly enhanced the research cases related to China's dividend policies, thereby providing valuable insights for the advancement of analogous industries and the formulation of future dividend policies. In this study, Haier Smart Home Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Haier"), a publicly traded company on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, is selected as the case study subject in order to examine the impact of dividend policy on corporate value from a financial perspective. Through an analysis of Haier's dividend allocation data from 2008 to 2022 and an evaluation of various financial indicators during this period, we find that a stable dividend payment level can effectively sustain the enterprise value of the company. Therefore, it is recommended for listed companies to optimize their ownership structure and enhance corporate governance while strategically formulating dividend policies aligned with their financial performance and corporate strategy.

The Impact of Economic Security Policy on Trade in Korea’s Semiconductor Industry: Between Korea, U.S., China, and Japan

The Impact of Economic Security Policy on Trade in Korea’s Semiconductor Industry: Between Korea, U.S., China, and Japan

Data analytics driving net zero tracker for renewable energy

This research aims to assess the impact of renewable energy policies, investments, and emissions reductions toward achieving net-zero targets by 2050. We analysed key metrics using the Net Zero Tracker (NZT), including renewable energy capacity, policy strength, financial investment, and carbon emissions across multiple regions and industries. Our methodology involved data collection from 2020 to 2050, utilising predictive modeling to project trends in renewable energy adoption and emissions reduction. Key findings show that renewable energy capacity is expected to surpass 1000 GW by 2050, with an exponential increase around 2045. Policy Strength Index (PSI) will grow by 20 %, from 50 in 2020 to 60 in 2050, while investments in renewable energy will rise from $10 billion to $25 billion over the same period. Emissions are projected to steadily decrease to zero by 2050, which aligns with net-zero goals. The margin of error in the projections is ±5 %, considering potential policy implementation and technology development variations. These results underscore the critical role of enhanced policies, sustained investments, and international cooperation in accelerating the global transition to renewable energy. The research offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to guide future strategies for achieving a sustainable energy future.

Analysis of the Impact of Liquidity Policy and Economic Fluctuations on Asset and Wealth Management in the Banking Sector in Indonesia

This study analyzes the impact of liquidity policy and economic fluctuations on asset and wealth management in the Indonesian banking sector. Utilizing a quantitative approach, data were collected from 150 banking professionals through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) version 3. The results demonstrate that economic fluctuations significantly impact both asset and wealth management, with a stronger influence on wealth management. Liquidity policy also plays a crucial role in improving asset and wealth management practices, though its impact is moderate compared to economic fluctuations. These findings suggest that banks must adopt robust liquidity management and risk mitigation strategies to navigate periods of economic uncertainty and optimize asset and wealth management practices. The study provides important insights for banking professionals and policymakers aiming to enhance financial stability and operational efficiency in the banking sector.