Policy Community Research Articles

English as a lingua franca discourse in European Union higher education and research policy

The use of English as lingua franca in mainland Europe’s higher education and research sectors has rapidly expanded over the past several decades. Despite these expansions, critics claim that there is a conspicuous absence of European Union (EU) language policy concerned with the use of English as a “contact” language in education and research contexts. This study attempts to assess these claims by conducting a comparative analysis of English as a lingua franca discourse in the policy declarations and communications of two EU actors with remits for higher education and research – the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and the European Research Area (ERA). Using methods that draw on critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics, I compiled specialised corpora consisting of the policy documents published by the EHEA and the ERA over the past twenty years. I then used the corpus analysis tool Sketch Engine and a reference corpus of general EU discourse to assess how often and in what ways language policy was considered. The analysis reveals intra-institutional conflicts in how language is conceptualised between policy actors and across policy portfolios in the EU. The findings also confirm the absence of explicit discourse on the use of English in academic and research contexts over the institutional lifetimes of two actors with remits for these sectors. The study highlights the persistence of a “top-down/bottom-up” conceptual gap at the heart of EU language policymaking regarding English as a lingua franca in European higher education and research.

Heterogeneous inflation expectations: A call for customized monetary policy communication?

The extent to which firms differentiate their inflation expectations between one-year and two-year horizons is an important indicator of changes in inflation expectations. Within a monetary policy framework aimed at reducing the inflation rate toward the target band, firms that obtain information from the central bank are more likely to distinguish between these horizons and expect inflation to converge toward the target. Generally, decision-makers do not differentiate between horizons, but when they do, they are more likely to anticipate convergence. Conversely, external advisors often differentiate between horizons and are more likely to expect divergence. The heterogeneity in how inflation expectations are formed—depending on who within the firm sets these expectations, the information they use, and their use of aggregate inflation expectations data—suggests a need for customized monetary policy communication.

Revealing Food Fulfillment Threads and Innovative Technology for Enhancing Rice Productivity and Ensuring the Food Security in Indonesia

Ensuring food security by Indonesia's Golden Year in 2045 presents a formidable challenge, with advancements in agricultural technology anticipated to play a crucial role in attaining this goal. Rice is the major food crop in Indonesia, and its consumption is still considerably high, indicating that daily nutrient uptake relies on its grain. However, the current population of Indonesia demanding rice is 31.2 million tons and this number of populations will grow at the rate of 0.41 percent. The rice consumption of the Indonesian people is quite high, namely 114.6 kg per person per year. The rice harvest area in 2023 decreased by 2.45%, from 10.45 million hectares to 10.20 million hectares, resulting in rice production which also decreased from 31.54 million tons to 30.90 million tons. The average conversion of paddy fields to non-harvest areas in Indonesia reached 100,000 hectares per year. Meanwhile, the average ability to print rice fields is only 60,000 hectares a year. This means that there is a difference in the conversion of paddy fields of around 40,000 hectares per year. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to elucidate how agricultural technology can enhance rice production across different land types in Indonesia, thus supporting food security efforts. To achieve the objectives of this research, a systematic literature review method was used. The result of this study shows that the amalgamation of diverse technological advancements and innovative practices in rice cultivation holds immense promise in bolstering productivity, bolstering sustainability, and tackling nutritional deficiencies. Prospectively, the use of cutting-edge technology offers some insights that can be input for policy formulation, technological innovation, and community engagement strategies aimed at creating a safer, fairer, and more sustainable food future for Indonesia to achieve food security by 2045.

PREVENTING AND COMBATING BULLYING: AN ANALYSIS OF HELP TEAMS

Bullying is one of the biggest challenges faced by schools, deeply impacting students' emotional health and development. Recognized as a form of systematic violence by the World Health Organization (WHO), bullying has serious consequences, ranging from anxiety and social withdrawal to lasting psychological problems. In Brazil, the National School Health Survey (PENSE, 2022) reveals that one in five young people engages in bullying. This study aims to discuss strategies to prevent and combat bullying, focusing on the implementation of Help Teams, a form of youth leadership that promotes healthy coexistence and reduces violence. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, based on a literature review and analysis of documentary and legislative data, including studies by Tognetta (2022), Loch et al. (2020), and Allen and Kern (2017). The results indicate that Help Teams are an effective strategy to improve school climate and student well-being, providing a reduction in cases of bullying. However, implementation faces challenges, such as a lack of resources and the need for ongoing training for educators. The study concludes that, for schools to become spaces for welcoming and preventing conflicts, a collective effort from the school community, institutional support and well-implemented public policies are necessary, with youth leadership as a fundamental tool.

Exploring barriers and facilitators to feeding children with minimal or no "Junk Food": Insights from Mexican women.

This study aims to investigate the factors that promote or hinder the feeding of children with minimal or no ultra-processed products to inform the design of an mHealth strategy in Mexico and prevent child malnutrition among the economically vulnerable. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted, involving 24 in-depth face-to-face interviews with caregivers of children aged 24-59 months from both urban and rural communities. To analyze the data, we used thematic analysis and incorporated a few elements of grounded theory. More barriers than facilitators were identified. Key barriers included: misconceptions and the widespread availability of junk food through an extensive network of grocery stores; neighbors and family gifting junk food; the association of soda with celebrations; the practice of indulging children with junk food; and the normalization of junk food consumption by both adults and children. Facilitators included: caregivers' awareness of the health risks associated with junk food; economic constraints limiting junk food purchases; support from husbands in regulating children's junk food consumption; the presence of a family member with diabetes; specific cultural beliefs about children's digestive health; as well as displacement of "healthy" foods that nourish children. Based on our findings, we formulated recommendations for interventions at intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels to support healthier feeding practices for children.

Synergy Between Bank Indonesia and The Maluku Government: Implementation of Philip Lesly's Communication Model In Inflation Control

This study aims to describe the communication synergy between Bank Indonesia and the Maluku Provincial Government in controlling inflation through the implementation of Philip Lesley's communication planning model. This synergy is manifested in the Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID) of Maluku, where Bank Indonesia acts as the Organizing Entity and the Maluku Provincial Government as the target public. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that the communication synergy between the two institutions operates effectively through four planning stages: analysis and research, policy formulation, program planning, and communication activities. Additionally, the Maluku Provincial Government plays a role in providing feedback and evaluation through its involved Regional Government Organizations (OPD). The novelty of this research lies in the structured application of Philip Lesley's communication model in the context of inflation control in Maluku, illustrating how strategic communication can strengthen inter-agency cooperation to achieve economic goals. The study concludes that successful inflation control in Maluku is highly dependent on targeted communication planning and clear role distribution between Bank Indonesia and the Maluku Provincial Government.

Формирование национального бренда России в контексте соответствия его структурных элементов социально-экономической стратегии развития страны

The authors see the relevance of the research topic in the following: geopolitical events have led to the fact that in the eyes of the world community, Russia's national brand has lost its stability, the country's image has significantly decreased, and the attitude towards Russians from the same ordinary citizens of some countries has worsened. Research shows that all this is predetermined by the high level of subjectivity of the information that people around the world receive regarding Russia's actions and motives in recent years. Therefore, the tasks of improving Russia's media communication policy on the territory of other states, positioning the socio-economic vectors of the country's development through the prism of national branding come to the fore. In this regard, the authors have set and solved the following tasks: 1) identify the structure and content of the national brand of Russia; 2) determine the elemental composition of the mechanism for the formation and promotion of the national brand in the changing geopolitical reality. The results of the study are that: 1) the structure of the national brand has been identified, which is multi-dimensional and multicomponent, but its key element is the media culture of Russian and Western media, other media that broadcast a consistent image of Russia and form public opinion regarding the key elements of the national brand, which makes it possible to position the country on the world stage, demonstrate political, economic and image advantages; 2) the elemental composition of the mechanism for the formation of the national brand of Russia has been determined, which includes: a number of indicators – cultural, social, political, conjunctural and economic, values of patriotism, trust in government and its legitimacy, social capital, communicative capital, semantic integrity, which allows launching state programs aimed at ensuring the operation of the mechanism and creating prerequisites sustainability and global positioning of the national brand of Russia. Thus, it seems possible to state that a national brand is not only a semantic reflection of the national code and identity, but also the basis for representing the socio-economic priorities and directions of the country's strategic development in the geopolitical space.

A review of multicultural communication dynamics in the U.S.: Highlighting challenges and successful strategies in a diverse society

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of multicultural communication dynamics in the United States, focusing on the challenges and strategies pertinent to diverse societal contexts. The main objectives were to explore theoretical frameworks, historical evolution, and current trends in multicultural communication, alongside identifying key challenges and effective strategies. The methodology encompassed a systematic review of literature, including peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and reports, with a focus on themes of anti-racism, equity, inclusion, and social justice in multicultural communication. Content and thematic analysis was employed to assess publication productivity and identify major themes. Key findings revealed the significance of various theoretical frameworks in understanding multicultural dynamics, with a historical shift from monolithic to inclusive communication approaches. Major challenges identified include language barriers, cultural misunderstandings, and differing communication styles. Effective strategies highlighted include cultural sensitivity training, inclusive policies, and leveraging technology. The study also underscored the role of policy and regulation in shaping multicultural communication practices. The study emphasizes the complexity of multicultural communication in the U.S., suggesting practical recommendations for enhancing communication in diverse environments. These include implementing cultural competency training, adopting inclusive communication policies, and leveraging technology for barrier reduction. Future research directions proposed focus on longitudinal studies of communication strategies, the impact of emerging technologies, and cross-cultural comparative studies. This comprehensive analysis aims to contribute to a more inclusive and understanding society through improved multicultural communication practices.

Higher education integrating into the “Belt and Road” economic development and its path selection, taking Kyrgyzstan as an example

Since its inception in 2013, “The Belt and Road Initiative” has become an important engine driving global economic growth. The initiative has not only promoted infrastructure construction in countries along the Belt and Road but also strengthened financial integration, unimpeded trade, people-to-people exchanges, and policy communication. In this context, higher education, as an important avenue for talent training and scientific and technological innovation, is of great significance to promoting the economic and social development of countries along the Belt and Road. By strengthening academic cooperation with Chinese universities, Kyrgyzstan can enhance its curriculum, adopt advanced teaching methods, and integrate cutting-edge research to foster more skilled labor. In addition, innovation and technology transfer through higher education partnerships can drive sustainable economic growth and diversification. This paper explores the strategic path of integrating higher education into the Belt and Road. Initiative, focusing on academic collaboration, enhancing R&D capabilities, and fostering an entrepreneurial ecosystem.

Key Determinants of the Comprehensive Neonatal Emergency Obstetric Services Policy

Background: Effective implementation of comprehensive emergency obstetric and neonatal care programs is vital for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Specific Background: At RSU Al-Islam H.M Mawardi, various factors—including communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure—affect program implementation. Knowledge Gap: Previous research has often neglected how these factors interact and their influence on healthcare policy implementation. Aims: This study evaluates the relationship between these factors and the implementation of the emergency obstetric and neonatal care program using a quantitative survey approach. Results: Analyzing data from 54 respondents revealed significant correlations between effective communication, resource allocation, and successful policy implementation (p < 0.05), with the questionnaire demonstrating high reliability (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.969). Novelty: This research contributes empirical evidence on the specific elements influencing healthcare policy implementation locally. Implications: Strengthening communication and resource management is essential for enhancing policy implementation effectiveness, ultimately improving community health outcomes. Highlights : Factor Influence: Effective communication and resource allocation significantly impact program success. Research Contribution: The study provides empirical evidence on factors affecting healthcare policy implementation locally. Health Outcomes: Strengthening implementation strategies is crucial for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Keywords: obstetric care, neonatal care, policy implementation, communication, healthcare resources

Detecting dynamic interaction of multiple subjects in policy information communication in China

PurposeAs an important part of national governance, the online communication of education policies usually attracts the attention of many subjects, including the public and the media. Existing research mainly focuses on analysing communication behaviour of a single subject. However, with the rapid development of social media, policy information communication is often accompanied by the participation of multiple subjects and forms diversified communication behaviours and interaction patterns. The comprehensive identification of multiple subjects and their interactions can accurately depict the communication process and effectively support the efficient communication of policies. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct fine-grained analysis on the multiple subjects in information communication of the education policy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explored the communication and interaction process of the education policy via multidimensional analysis. Specifically, the authors firstly obtained multi-source communication data to identify key communication subjects. Secondly, the authors mined the communication contents generated by communication subjects to measure the diversified correlations between subjects. Finally, the authors depicted the interaction of subjects in policy information communication.FindingsThe experimental results reveal that there are multiple key subjects in the policy information communication, and the communication roles of the subjects change with the communication process, including dominance role, one-way or two-way effect role. This further indicates the need to allocate resources dynamically in the process of policy communication.Originality/valueAnalysing the process of policy communication and identifying the dynamic interaction between communication subjects can provide more a comprehensive and detailed decision-making basis for policy formulation and implementation. In addition, the research ideas and methods presented in this paper expand the perspective of information communication research.

COMUNICAÇÃO E ACESSO: A NOVA MUSEOGRAFIA

This article aims to clarify pertinent questions of contemporary museology to define guidelines for current museography, through the centralization of the visitor and the validation of its importance in the communication policies of the museum, with the goal of generating greater engagement, unrestricted access and development of critical reasoning. To do so, it approaches experimentation, uses technology as a support for content generation, enhances the expository space and frees the narrative of institutionalized speech.

Response of renewable energy minerals to energy policy and technological advancement: An assessment of the Russian energy crisis

The world is turning to renewable energy sources to combat environmental degradation. This is part of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-7, which envisions affordable and clean energy. However, achieving the SDG-7 targets and spreading clean energy requires extracting and utilizing various minerals. Russia is one of the leading countries in the world in terms of cobalt, graphite, and rare elements used for renewable energy production. Russia must increase the production of minerals for renewable energy production to achieve SDG-7. In this context, the study aims to investigate the impact of energy policy uncertainty (ENPU), environmental policy stringency (EPS), environmental patents (ETEC), and information and communication technologies (ICT) on renewable energy minerals in Russia. To this end, the study uses novel multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression (M-QQR) and cross-quantilogram (CQ) approaches for the period from 2002m9–2020m12. The M-QQR results show that EPS, ICT, and ETEC increase the extraction of renewable energy minerals, while ENPU inhibits the extraction of cobalt, graphite, and rare elements. The main results indicate that technological progress supports the extraction of renewable energy minerals in Russia and that a strict environmental fiscal policy contributes to the achievement of SDG-7. Based on the findings, Russia needs to support technological progress in the ecological field, implement strict environmental policies, and reduce uncertainties related to energy policies to extract renewable energy minerals and advance the achievement of SDG-7.

Navigating the Intersection of Input Tax Credit Restrictions and Corporate Social Responsibility in India

CSR is an important dimension of ethical and sustainable business practices, recent restrictions in the input tax credit under the GST regime pose important issues in the implementation of CSR. The article estimates the financial, operational, and reputational implications of the restrictions on ITC for the CSRs, calling on firms to adapt and innovate. They are strategies crucial for dealing with challenges concerning financial planning, prioritizing of only those initiatives with the best impact, collaboration, and advocacy can be done. Several strategic approaches can be applied by business to operate with the ITC provision on restrictions for CSR spending such as, enhanced financial planning, collaborative efforts, Innovating on CSR Approaches, Advocacy and Policy Engagement, Stakeholder Engagement and Communication, Business Strategy Integration with CSR, Diversification of Alternative Revenue Streams. Despite constraints in the regulatory environment, the commitment to CSR is very high, and it therefore brings about a positive influence on Indian society and sustainable development. The finding demonstrates that business implementing strategies for navigating ITC restrictions not only mitigate the financial strain due to ITC restrictions but also enhance operational efficacy to maintain competitive edge, improve financial health and strategic position.

Building Confidence, Diminishing Stress: A Clinical Incivility Management Initiative for Nursing Students.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive program designed to reduce nursing students' perceived stress and improve self-efficacy and readiness to professionally address incivility during clinical practice. Incivility in clinical settings adversely impacts learners, educators, institutions, and healthcare systems, undermining safety and the teaching-learning process. Despite its increasing global prevalence, effective interventions remain largely unexplored. Our mixed-methods study, conducted from March to April 2024, involved senior baccalaureate pre-licensure nursing students (N = 35) from a California State University. The three-week, one-hour-per-week, interactive clinical incivility management program was developed through an extensive literature review. Pre- and post-intervention differences were assessed using a 10 min self-administered online survey that included the Uncivil Behavior in Clinical Nursing Education (UBCNE; 12 items), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; 10 items), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE; 10 items), and a sample characteristics questionnaire (11 items). A one-hour face-to-face focus group (n = 11) then provided qualitative data on personal experiences of clinical incivility. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 27, while qualitative data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Clinical incivility prevalence was 71.4% (n = 25 out of 35). No statistically significant differences were found in UBCNE, PSS, and GSE scores between pre- and post-intervention. However, professional responses to clinical incivility significantly improved after the intervention (t = -12.907, p < 0.001). Four themes emerged from the qualitative data: (a) uncivil behaviors or language from nurses, (b) emotional discouragement and low self-confidence, (c) resource and personnel shortages at clinical sites for education, and (d) the necessity for interventions to manage clinical incivility. Nursing schools and clinical agencies should collaborate to establish monitoring systems, enhance communication, and implement evidence-based policies and interactive interventions to prevent and manage clinical incivility experienced by nursing students from clinical sites.

Figurative Narratives in Political Blogging: Linguocognitive Perspective

Introduction. Recent years have seen a significant shift towards the pervasive use of figurative narratives in mediated political communication. Narrative practices, previously analyzed exclusively within the framework of literary theory, have become a kind of «language games» of modern politicians in their communication with potential voters and opponents, debates and intricate negotiation processes. The article analyzes figurative narratives of the English- and German-speaking political blogs as a powerful linguistic-cognitive tool for mediated political communication. The purpose of the paper is deep semantic analysis of figurative narratives of political blogs, which, as the authors claim, is a promising direction of research due to the narrative nature of human reasoning. The paper argues that the skillful use of figurative narrative practices based on archetypical plots and cultural references makes it possible to manipulate the consciousness of the electorate to achieve political goals.Methodology and sources. Methodologically, the study is based on the cognitive-discursive approach to narrative analysis and the basic principles of the neural theory of language and metaphor.Results and discussion. Pointing to the manipulative effect of metaphorical framing in narrative, the authors attempt to present a holistic view of narrative as a tool for the formation of political views. The study is based on the premise that narrative employs the rich structure of human representations of events and actions, and the type of metaphor promoted in the narrative affects human understanding of events and the adoption of certain positions on an important public issue by readers of political blogs. The set of metaphors, politicians use, forms a special type of cultural narrative, which the authors interpret as an extended metaphorical narrative.Conclusion. Summarizing the effects of using metaphorically framed narratives in politics, the authors conclude that the narrative communication strategy in political blogging is a targeted impact on a communication partner by referring to various narrative plots; the modification or transformation of the potential and diversity of political narratives, as well as their effectiveness, speaks in favor of their use in domestic and foreign policy communication to contribute to a symmetrical communication space aimed at successful cooperation rather than confrontation.

Measuring Infant Feeding Health Literacy: A Gap Analysis between Communication Policy and Practice

Health literacy is often associated with health outcomes as people with higher health literacy are found to have better health conditions. Past researchers conclude that people with higher health literacy have greater control over the means of their health determinants resulting in better health decisions. Therefore, it is imperative to understand whether government health communication policies are impacting the health literacy levels of its citizens. Moreover, communication plays a vital role in translating policies into practice. However, sub-optimal Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices among rural mothers suggest gaps in the current communication strategies. Therefore, this study is objectivized to analyze the current IYCF communication policies for the rural mothers of Gaya, India. For this purpose, an analysis of the IYCF communication policies followed by observation of the key phenomenon, interviews with relevant stakeholders and focus group discussions with the rural mothers were carried out to identify the barriers in the current communication strategies. The study also tried to assess the impact of IYCF communication policies on rural mothers by unveiling their current level of IYCF health literacy.

A CLASSIFICATION OF PASTORALISM IN SPAIN: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST TO ADDRESS PRESENT CHALLENGES

After centuries as a flagship economic activity, pastoralism in Spain is today in danger of collapse due to the simultaneous processes of abandonment and industrialisation. With a consensus on the need to revert this decline, a characterisation of pastoralism is needed in the design of an efficient framework for action. Through a participatory process with experts, we carried out this characterisation of Spanish pastoralism, identifying the most representative systems and communities. We studied the causes and consequences of pastoral evolution over the last 250 years, explained by biophysical, technological, governance and social parameters. We achieved a harmonised classification of eleven pastoral systems, classified into four groups with mobility parameters (large migratory systems, short-distance transterminance, daily mobile grazing and semi-wilderness). Large mobility systems were subdivided into ten pastoral communities, characterised by strong sociocultural ties beneath farm management. The consideration of pastoral systems and communities in policy can orient effective rural development, while optimising the allocation of resources for environmental conservation and climate neutrality. This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ .

A Descriptive Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge Regarding National Geriatric Health Care Policies Among Elderly People in a Selected Area of Haridwar

This descriptive study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding national geriatric health care policies among elderly people in a selected rural area of Haridwar. Geriatric health care is an important aspect of ensuring the well-being and quality of life for the elderly, a population that is often dependent on external support due to the aging process. The study was conducted among 80 participants aged 60 years and above using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through a self-structured questionnaire designed to evaluate knowledge of national policies such as the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme, Atal Pension Yojana, Ayushman Bharat Yojana, and others. The results indicated that the majority (65%) of the elderly had average knowledge, while 35% had poor knowledge of these policies, and no participant demonstrated a high level of knowledge. Further analysis revealed no significant association between the level of knowledge and demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and income. This lack of awareness suggests a pressing need for greater dissemination of information regarding geriatric health care policies in rural communities, where elderly people may be particularly vulnerable to poor health outcomes due to limited access to healthcare and support services. The study concludes that improving awareness and access to these policies can empower the elderly to better utilize available resources, ultimately improving their health and well-being. The findings highlight the need for targeted health education programs and policy-level interventions to bridge the knowledge gap in rural areas. Future research should explore larger populations and examine strategies to effectively increase policy awareness among the elderly.

The status of culturally relevant teacher education in the European context: A systematic review of research

AbstractIn this systematic literature review spanning 2000 to 2024, we examine the landscape of culturally relevant education (CRE) in Europe. Our goal is to present a clear picture of how in‐service and pre‐service teachers perceive, practice and experience CRE in the evolving European context. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, we analysed 48 empirical studies from European countries. In a multiphase process, we utilised qualitative methods to iteratively identify key features to categorise study purposes and outcomes for meaningful reporting. Included studies primarily consisted of self‐reported data on perspectives, practices and experiences of in‐service or pre‐service educators working with learners that are culturally and linguistically diverse compared to the dominant culture of the studies' locations. The aim was to reveal the state of CRE research in the context of Europe by identifying the reviewed studies' goals, key findings and suggestions to move forward. Our findings highlight well‐intentioned educators, yet there is a discernible need for improved teacher education programmes and in‐service professional learning that focus on supporting educators' culturally relevant practices. The review emphasises the necessity of better preparing European educators to effectively meet the needs of their culturally and linguistically diverse student populations. We offer a series of recommendations synthesised from the examined studies, pointing towards a need for reform at multiple levels, including pre‐service teacher education, professional development, school and community practices and policy changes. As we navigate the educational landscape of Europe, our synthesis aims for a clear understanding and practical insights, fostering an environment where educators can effectively nurture the potential of every learner. Context and implicationsRationale for this study: The study aims to assess the state of culturally relevant teacher education in Europe, highlighting the gap in research through a systematic review of the literature to help inform future educational efforts.Why the new findings matter: These findings matter because they offer a structured insight into current practices and challenges, suggesting significant opportunities for enhancing teacher preparation in culturally diverse settings across the continent of Europe.Implications for practitioners, policy makers and researchers: Policy makers may use these insights to better support and develop policies that enhance teacher training, aiming for inclusivity and diversity in classrooms. Researchers are provided with a detailed analysis of existing works and trends, highlighting challenges and unexplored areas, thus offering the potential to push the boundaries of educational research in culturally relevant pedagogy. Overall, these implications aim to foster an educational environment where diversity is not only recognised but actively embraced and integrated into teaching practices.