Police Duties Research Articles

Effect of Trauma Management on the Performance of Police in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya

A performing police service is crucial for any country in ensuring the enforcement of laws, maintaining public order, and preventing crime. Mental health among police officers is very important for their performance. However, mental health issue remains a major challenge within the police service in Kenya. The failure to prioritize mental health has led to increased suicide risk, increased stress and burnout, higher risk of mental health disorders, and reduced resilience and coping skills among police officers in Kenya. Therefore, the study sought to assess the effect of trauma management on the performance of police in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County. The study was anchored on the institutional theory of Stress. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The target population consisted of 104 respondents: 12 Administration police, 5 critical infrastructure police units, 8 Kenya police dog units, 4 general service units, 26 general duty police, 18 traffic police departments, and 30 criminal investigation department police from Kamukunji Sub County. A census design was employed to include all responders since the study population was manageable. The study sample included all 110 intended respondents. Primary data was gathered through structured questionnaires and interviews. A pilot study was conducted in Embakasi West Subcounty to test the equipment. Pre-tested questionnaires examined face validity to improve reliability. Cronbach's Alpha was used for internal consistency. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics. The analyzed data were presented using tables. The study concluded that there is a positive and statistically significant correlation between trauma management and the performance of police in Kamukunji Sub-County, which implies that better trauma management enhances the performance of police in Kamukunji Sub-County. The study recommended that authorities overseeing police departments should allocate sufficient resources to enhance existing mental support services, such as counseling and peer support programs, ensuring accessibility and effectiveness for all officers.

Egy hivatás ABC-je

Aim: The ABC of the police profession, published by Ludovika Publishing, explores the dilemmas, moral and fundamental professional issues related to police practice. Methodology: The book is a revised version of ‘Serve with Integrity – Thoughts on the Ethics of the Police Profession’ by Dr. Major General József Horváth, published in 2003. The specific structure of the book details the concepts related to the performance of police duties in alphabetical order, so that the reader can browse through the various topics according to their own interests. Findings: The global changes of recent decades and events requiring special law enforcement intervention (e.g. migration, pandemics, war, etc.) have had an impact on the attitudes and organisational culture of law enforcement personnel (Farkas et al., 2018; Farkas & Horváth, 2022). The book provides findings that are dynamically adapted to this, and therefore newcomers and members of the organisation may browse the authors’ findings with interest. Value: In addition to its unconventional nature, the book stands out for its approach, which encourages self-reflection, new insights and discourse.

A német rendőrségek irányítási rendszere

Aim: The aim of the publication is to present the management system of the German police forces, the related documents, the organisational structure of the police forces in the country, and to provide data on staffing and operations. Methodology: The elaboration is based on official police bulletins, operational documents, police laws and data available on the websites of the different organisational units. Findings: Germany’s state administration system, different from that of Hungary, requires a different approach, too, regarding the performance of police duties. This is effectively ensured by the methods and organisational solutions presented in this publication. The procedures used in Germany can presumably also be partly applied in Hungary. Value: The reader will be introduced to a system of organisation and operational management, relatively complex compared to that in Hungary, which is adapted to the federal republican character of Germany.

Police Duties and Functions in Realizing Justice and Legal Certainty Under Police Law No. 2 Of 2002

The National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Polri) holds a crucial role in upholding security and public order (Kamtibmas) as one of the key state institutions. Governed by Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia, this research aims to scrutinize and assess the duties and functions assigned to the police according to this legislation, with a focus on their ability to achieve justice and legal certainty. Employing normative research methods, this study relies on a literature review as its primary data collection technique. The collected data undergoes analysis through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this research reveal that under Police Law No. 2 of 2002, the functions of the police are outlined in Article 2. These functions encompass maintaining security and public order, law enforcement, protection, and community service, positioning the police as an integral part of state governance. Additionally, Article 13 delineates the primary duties of the police, emphasizing their responsibility in maintaining security and public order, enforcing laws, and offering protection, guidance, and service to the community.

Strategies to Increase the Competence of the Police Propam Division in Enforcing Discipline, the Police Professional Code of Ethics, and Criminal Offenses Committed by Members within the Police Headquarters

This research aims to understand the system and methods of internal law enforcement and the strategies for enhancing the competence of the Indonesian National Police's Division of Professionalism and Security (Divpropam) in enforcing discipline, the professional code of conduct, and handling criminal acts committed by its members within the National Police Headquarters (Mabes Polri) environment. With the increasing complexity of police duties, this research is crucial to ensuring the professionalism and quality of the Indonesian National Police members and providing insights into concrete efforts to strengthen the Divpropam. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results show that: 1) The system and methods of internal law enforcement among members within the Mabes Polri environment exhibit complexity and challenges that need to be addressed. The process of handling disciplinary violations, the professional code of conduct, and criminal acts tends to be time-consuming and often ineffective and inefficient, with the main obstacles being overlapping issues and time discrepancies; and 2) Competence enhancement strategies through adequate training provision, comprehensive curriculum development, and the establishment of the Divpropam Training Center (Pusdik Propam) are key to improving the competence of Divpropam members. With these measures, it is hoped that the Divisi Propam Polri can carry out its duties more professionally and effectively, thus strengthening internal law enforcement within the Mabes Polri environment.

소방특별사법경찰의 수사에 관한 직무집행능력 향상 방안연구

This study focuses on fire special judicial police and measures to improve their ability to carry out their duties regarding investigations by securing expertise as the subject of investigation of violators of fire laws and regulations in the area of fire administration, improving the hiring system, establishing a unified investigation-only organization, and strengthening the education and training system. The purpose is to present. The research method was an exploratory analysis of related previous research papers, statistical yearbooks such as the National Fire Agency, operation cases in foreign countries such as the United States, various government reports, homepages of Korean government ministries, and media reports. As a result of the analysis, there are only a very small number of personnel dedicated to investigative work, most of them hold other positions concurrently, the investigative position does not have a division-level structure, so independence is not secured, there is no public recruitment or special recruitment system for fire chiefs or lower to perform front-line investigative work, and no training for job training. Course opening was also insufficient. In conclusion, avoid the new investigative field recruitment or special recruitment system and rotational personnel system, designate the fire and special judicial police duties as a specialized field, ensure job continuity, establish a unified organization, develop a job training course, and complete at least 6 months of professional training. The introduction of an education system should be implemented quickly.

Technical-tactical behavior analysis of general duty police officers during non-compliant suspect apprehensions: A novel approach to establish minimum force requirements.

While effective apprehensions of non-compliant suspects are central to public safety, the minimal force needed to transition a suspect from standing to the ground, vital for apprehension success, has not been established. To examine the technical-tactical behaviors of general duty police officers during simulated apprehensions and quantify the minimum force required to destabilize non-compliant suspects. Task simulations conducted with 91 officers were analyzed to identify common grappling movements, strikes, control tactics, and changes in body posture. A separate assessment of 55 male officers aimed to determine the minimum force required for destabilization in five body regions (wrist, forearm, shoulder, mid-chest, and mid-back). Data are presented as mean±standard deviation. On average, apprehensions took 7.3±3.2 seconds. While all officers used grappling movements (100%) and the majority employed control tactics (75%), strikes were seldom used (4%). Apprehensions typically began with a two-handed pull (97%; Contact Phase), 55% then attempted an arm bar takedown, followed by a two-handed cross-body pull (68%; Transition/Control Phase), and a two-handed push to the ground (19%; Ground Phase). All officers began in the upright posture, with most shifting to squat (75%), kneel (58%), or bent (45%) postures to complete the apprehension. The minimum force required to disrupt balance differed across body regions (wrist: 54±12 kg; forearm: 49±12 kg; shoulder: 42±10 kg; mid-chest: 44±11 kg; mid-back: 30±7 kg, all P < 0.05), except between the shoulder and chest (P = 0.19). These findings provide insights that can enhance the design and accuracy of future apprehension evaluations and inform the optimization of law enforcement physical employment standards.

경찰에 대한 시민인식의 결정요인과 차이에 관한 연구

Citizens’ support and cooperation in police activities are essential for successfully performing police duties in a democratic society. It is possible to obtain the support and cooperation of the public when the citizens’ perception of the police is positive. The study analysed the impact and differences of individual characteristics and neighbourhood characteristics on the citizens’ perception to find the determinants of the citizens’ perception of the police. It identified the impact of the independent variables such as gender, age, house income, education level, fear of crime, victimization, and neighbourhood disadvantage on the citizens’ perception of the police through multiple regression analysis. The gender, education level, fear of crime, and neighbourhood disadvantage among the independents were significant statistically at the 0.01 level. The old expressed a more positive perception of the police but the highly educated had a more negative perception. Fear of crime formed a negative perception of the police and also the people who live in the disadvantaged area, expressed dissatisfaction with the police. In conclusion, the police can obtain a positive perception from the public when they remove prejudice, ensure fair law enforcement, and implement the normative value of police activities as well as crime control. This is a base for the achievement of the their goal, the maintenance of public order.

Police Authority In Handling Corruption Crimes Under Law No. 2 Of 2002 Concerning State Police Of The Republic Of Indonesia

The criminal act of corruption is a latent danger for Indonesia because the negative impacts and the causes are very dangerous for the economy and social order. This research aims to determine the regulation of the authority of law enforcement agencies in handling criminal acts of corruption in the legal system in Indonesia and how the authority of the police in handling criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia. As normative legal research, the research examines laws and regulations related to criminal acts of corruption.Research results: Regulation of criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia is regulated in the Corruption Eradication Law Number 20 of 2001, and Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. The Criminal Procedure Code only recognizes 2 institutions or agencies that have the authority to handle criminal acts, namely the Police and the Prosecutor's Office. In Law Number 20 of 2001, the investigative authority is contained in the institutions that have the authority to handle criminal acts of corruption, namely the Police, Prosecutor's Office and the Corruption Eradication Commission. Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia, aims to strengthen the position and role of the police as an integral part of overall reform efforts. The development and progress of society as well as the emergence of the supremacy of law, globalization, transparency and accountability have given rise to a new perspective on the duties, functions, authority and responsibilities of the police which has led to the growth of various demands and expectations from the public regarding the implementation of police duties oriented towards the interests of the community.

폭력적ㆍ치명적 공격에 대한 경찰 물리력 행사 연구

Since November 24, 2019, the police force regulations, “Rules on Standards and Methods of Using Police”, have been in effect. According to this rule, police determine that the act to be reported is ‘cooperative control’ at the ‘compliance’ stage, ‘contact control’ at the ‘passive resistance’ stage, ‘low-risk physical force’ at the ‘active resistance’ stage, and ‘medium-risk physical force’ at the ‘violent attack’ stage, ‘high-risk physical force’ is being used at the ‘fatal attack’ stage. The use of physical force by front-line police officers is active when the behavior of the person being reported is in the ‘compliance’, ‘passive resistance’, and ‘active resistance’ stages. However, it is not possible to be active when using ‘medium-risk physical force’ at the violent attack stage or ‘high-risk physical force’ at the fatal attack stage. The reasons why police officers on the front lines hesitate to use physical force in the event of a violent or fatal attack by a person to be reported are the criminal, civil, and administrative responsibilities they will experience after using physical force, and the「Police Officers Execution of Duties Act」and 「Rules on Standards and Methods of Exercise of Police Force」. This study was analyzed using a literature research method, and interview data from fellow police officers while working as a team leader at the police box was used as supplementary material. We presented a realistic plan for front-line police officers to actively use physical force in the event of violent or fatal attacks. As improvement measures, it was proposed to expand the reasons for reduction of sentences due to performance of police duties, revise the「Police Officers Execution of Duties Act」and 「Rules on Standards and Methods of Exercise of Police Force」, and improve the police baton, which is a police equipment.

범죄예방에 있어서 시민참여의 한계

Citizens perceive crime prevention as the task of a criminal justice institution, but the police, one of the criminal justice institutions, has a vacuum in crime prevention and policing activities due to excessive policing duties. Accordingly, the participation of the private sector in crime prevention, that is, a way to activate citizen participation, was actively discussed among criminal and criminal justice and police scholars and practitioners. However, civic participation in crime prevention is currently experiencing many limitations rather than being activated.&#x0D; This study intends to examine the limitations by exploring the types and limitations of citizen participation in crime prevention and deriving problems.&#x0D; As a result, there is a limit to civic participation. First, there is a lack of publicity for the Citizens Police Academy due to the lack of channels for citizen participation in crime prevention activities. Second, the simplification of the participating organizations or participating personnel of the crime prevention conference. Third, there is a limit to citizens' awareness and participation in reporting crimes. Fourth, it was considered as insufficient support for autonomous crime prevention unit activities. Therefore, future research directions were suggested through consideration of the limitations.

Police career and children 's academic performance in Kenya

This study attempts to illustrate how the careers of police officers affect the academic performance of their children. The research was conducted at Utawala Academy, a primary school that enrolls both police and non-police children. It applied primary data from surveys and secondary data from the school administration to address the study's research questions. This research involved 198 pupils, the headteacher, 12 teachers, and 100 parents. The respondents provided quantitative data whereby Multinomial Logistic Regression was employed to establish relationships between the dependent and independent variables. The independent paired T-Test and Spearman's rho correlation were used to examine the relationship between police careers and their offspring's academic achievement. Significant research findings indicated that police duties do indeed have an impact on their children's academic achievement. This study posited the multiple challenges encountered by Kenyan police officers that need attention and resolution to enhance and improve children's performance. This could be achieved by generating an approach where police officers work near their families. They should also be allowed to live outside government quarters, when necessary, while at the same time, all officers are encouraged to freely integrate with other members of society for elaborate socializing of their children. The "Family and Society" module should be introduced into the police training curriculum and taught at police academies.

Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum Oleh Polri Terhadap Kejahatan Konvensional di Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Aspek Substansi Hukum

According to Friedman, the operation of the legal system as a process, divided into three components including the substantive component includes, among others, legal norms, both in the form of regulations, decisions, and doctrine as far as used in the process concerned; The development trend of conventional crimes, especially crime indexes/prominent crimes in the form of theft with aggravation, theft with violence, and theft of motorized vehicles is quite high in terms of incidence. The public in general expects the Police to be more professional in the implementation of Police duties in Law Enforcement against Conventional Crimes so that it can be eradicated or controlled the rate of development and the perpetrators can be arrested for legal processing and the resulting public losses can be returned. For this reason, it is necessary to explore the various factors that affect the effectiveness of Law Enforcement of conventional crimes, especially in Investigation and Investigation activities in terms of Legal Substance Aspects.

Peran Aparat Kepolisian dalam Mengatasi Pencurian Sepeda Motor: Evaluasi Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum

Criminal law consists of regulations. which determines what is prohibited and what is permitted in criminal cases, and determines the punishment that can be given to people who commit them. It is easy to measure the success of Indonesia's legal reform. One of the criminal acts of theft that is often considered to occur very often is motorbike theft. Motorbikes are an important means of transportation for most Indonesian people because the price is affordable for most people with middle to lower incomes, where the increase in the number of motorized vehicles is in line with the increase in the number of crimes involving motorbikes which has led to the crime of motorbike theft. The author uses qualitative legal research with secondary data sources in this research. In this article, the research method used is the normative news method. The Police of the Republic of Indonesia have direct authority to carry out all criminal acts, including theft with violence. This is in accordance with the police's duty to maintain security and public order, protection, protection and community service, as well as law enforcement. In the law enforcement process, efforts are made to uphold functions with legal norms as guidelines for behavior in traffic or legal relations in society and the state where there are perpetrators who commit the criminal act in question, in the sense of people who, with some intention or something unintentional, as required by law, have left a consequence of climbing the law whether it is subjective elements or other elements and in article 362 of the Criminal Code it is explained that the act of taking an item which in whole or in part includes a statement by another person with the intention of possessing the item in violation of the rights.

Patterns of Parenting Kebhayangkaraan Character for NCO Education Students

Non-commissioned officers are part of the Polri members who are the foremost public servants in carrying out their police duties so the success of the Polri is largely determined by the level of competence possessed by each personnel, including aspects of knowledge, skills, and attitudes, especially from elements of leadership in stages in the unity. The method used in this research is the qualitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out by researchers using observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on qualitative research methods, all facts, both written and oral, from primary and secondary data sources are described as they are and then studied to be reduced as concisely as possible to answer the problem. Data analysis techniques in this study include data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. In carrying out character education, the role of caregivers is vital in developing student character because they have to accompany students every day and are fully responsible for the development of students until they graduate with a minimum score obtained of 65 based on Perkap Number 02 of 2017.

The Human Costs of the War on Drugs. Attitudes Towards Militarization of Security in Mexico

Citizens in multiple crime-ridden countries strongly support the militarization of security—that is, placing the military in charge of traditional policing duties. Yet, we know little about the determinants of such support. Do people approve of militarization even in the face of human fatalities? We explore this question in the context of Mexico’s “war on drugs.” In three experimental studies, we manipulate the presence of human costs in a military operation against a drug lord and present arguments either justifying or condemning these costs. We consistently find that, even in successful operations, support for militarization decreases when military operations cause civilian casualties, but not when the victims are members of drug cartels. This finding holds for both respondents who have been victims of cartel-related violence and those who have not. Arguments that justify these costs as helping to achieve the end goal of eradicating organized crime increase support. These findings shed light on the public opinion side of the militarization of security debate, and have important implications for security policy reform and democratic politics.

Driving people to the police headquarters in vehicles

This theme proposes the study of police procedures regarding the management of offenders at the local police headquarters, because in a state of law, an efficient administration of the local police duties is impossible without highlighting the most effective and legal forms and methods of management, of ensuring legality in the administration process, protecting the rights and legal interests of citizens. The definition of the notion of police has created and continues to create discussions among specialists in the field. In B. Barbu's conception, the police comes from the Greek word polis which means "of the city". According to Eugen Bianu, it derives from the word "politea" which means "order of the activities in the state". The police, until the Union of Romanian Principalities, realized that public order, the safety of people and public tranquility and the defense of property as being given to troop commanders, who, with this quality, held duties in the field of security, order and public tranquility. Legal doctrine defines police law as the totality of legal norms that regulate the social relations that are created in the process of police activity, of public administration bodies, burdened with attributions of legal intervention in the rights and interests of natural and legal persons. The local police is an important institution in the activity of the local public administration, it has major tasks, but also powers commensurate with the tasks. The factors that generate or require the discretionary application of law are known. The prevention of the abuse of law also depends on the personality, professionalism and integrity of the police officer, on compliance with the Code of Ethics and Deontology, the rules of conduct, morals in society.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN THE PLACEMENT OF FEMALE POLICE OFFICERS AS COMPETENCY-BASED SECTOR POLICE CHIEFS IN THE METRO JAYA POLICE

This study aims to analyse the gender mainstreaming of the Polri (Police of Indonesia Republic) at The Polda Metro Jaya (Province of DKI Jakarta Police) through the placement of policewomen as leaders in the Kapolsek (Region Sector Police) with the Indonesian social culture which still believes that a woman's duty is to take care of the household so that it does not give women the freedom to have a career, as well as the profession of policewomen by the public is seen as only part of the image of the police, where the presence of policewomen as a complement in the implementation of police duties and only placed in the functions of staff, personal secretary and administration. This research uses descriptive qualitative method by conducting interviews and field observations. Based on the research, there has been a policy in the framework of gender mainstreaming by placing female police officers as leaders in the police sector (Kapolsek) and there is no difference in the placement between female police officers and male police officers as police chiefs, but the successful implementation of gender mainstreaming has not been maximally implemented due to the lack of motivation of female police officers due to the challenges of police duties at The Metro Jaya Police which are quite complex and heavy police work dominantly related to crime cases and influenced by population density and territory as well as religious/community leaders in the police sector (Polsek) so that it requires the police chief to be ready to carry out 24-hour tasks to maintain security and order in the community.

한국형 자치경찰의 맞춤형 복지정책 발전방안

In the case of police officers, with the full implementation of the self-governing police system, welfare points are paid to public officials in charge of autonomous police duties at the level of customized welfare points paid to public officials in each city and province, and appropriate welfare benefits are selected according to the preferences and needs of each employee. In order to boost morale, such as improving the welfare and treatment of police field workers, each provincial and provincial autonomous police committee is implementing customized welfare support for local police. In the case of police officers, it is difficult to say that proper benefits are being given to police officers who have special characteristics in their work that are different from general public officials. In this regard, this study suggested short- to mid- to long-term development plans for the following customized welfare support for public officials performing autonomous police affairs. First, as a short-term plan, measures such as support for overseas travel expenses, improvement of working environment, education support, and dispatch of resident police officers are needed. As a mid- to long-term development plan for customized welfare support, expansion of the scope of payment, development of welfare options based on the specificity of the autonomous police work, vitalization of linkage with welfare point-related organizations, promotion, and welfare system based on the specificity of the autonomous police job establishment is required.

On whether auxiliary police officers belong to the crime of obstruction and the object of protection for the crime of assaulting police officers

The Amendment to the Criminal Law (XI) sets up a separate crime of assaulting police officers. The purpose of this amendment is to protect the interests of the people's police, establish law enforcement authority and maintain legal dignity. However, the lack of clarity in the subject of auxiliary police has caused certain difficulties for law enforcement. Regarding the status of the auxiliary police, from the legal relationship between the auxiliary police and the public security organs and the duties of the auxiliary police, the auxiliary police do not have the status of "people's police" and do not belong to the protection of the crime of assaulting a police officer. But it is the staff of state organs, so it belongs to the protection of the crime of obstruction of public service.