Police Research Articles

The Structural Equation Modeling of the Relationship Between Insight and Crisis Management Mediated by Passive Defense: A Case Study of Isfahan Police Department, Iran

Background and objective Increasing insight, law enforcement knowledge, and using active and passive defense mechanisms have a significant role in crisis management, and many disasters can be solved with these mechanisms in the society. The current research aims to provide a structural equation modeling (SEM) of the relationship between insight and crisis management mediated by passive defense mechanism. Method This is a descriptive survey using SEM method. The study population consists of the employees of Isfahan police department (FAA) in Isfahan, Iran, who had participated in the provincial insight courses (n=240). The sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula. By using simple random sampling method, 148 eligible employees were selected, all of whom were second-level managers. The standard crisis management questionnaires of Jahanbakhsh et al. (2015), a researcher-made insight scale with 14 items, and a researcher-made questionnaire of passive defense with 30 items were used to collect data. To analyze the data and test the hypotheses, correlation test, stepwise multiple regression analysis, and SEM were used in SPSS software, version 20 and Smart PLS software, version 3. Results The findings showed that insight and its components together with passive defense had a significant relationship with crisis management. The variable of passive defense also had a significant mediating role in the relationship between insight and crisis management. Conclusion increasing insight is one of the important factors in improving the quality of crisis management along with paying attention to the dimensions and components of passive defense. One of the strengths of this study was the attention to the hidden layers of crisis management in the performance of police missions. By understanding the concept of passive defense, the relationship between insight and crisis management can be understood and it can be used to prevent and deal with internal and external threats.

Punjab Police: Leadership Styles and Burnout in Bahawalpur District

The present study investigates how leadership styles can lead to burnout and organizational engagement via sample of 100 officers from the executive arm of the Punjab Police Department. A random sampling method was used based on primary sources. The required information was obtained from Bahawalpur District police. Data analysis for this research is done using correlation and multiple linear regression, while Cronbach's alpha is used to evaluate the survey instrument's reliability. Additionally, the regression results show that there is no considerable and instantaneous effect of transformational leadership on job burnout. In addition, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles significantly lead to job burnout. In the Punjab Police Agency, its leadership applies transactional and laissez-faire approaches which results rise in turnover levels year after year within the organization. Given the results, senior management should therefore consider and implement guidelines that encourage revolutionary approaches towards managing people in leadership to minimize burnout.

『기생 및 창기에 관한 서류철』의 원(原)자료 재구성에 관한 연구: 대한제국 말기 ‘전문 예술인 기생’에 대한 일제 통감부의 정책과 그 변화과정

This study targeted a total of 58 pages of Gisaeng-related documents, including all Gisaeng -related documents for [Records of Gisaeng and Prostitute] and 3 pages of [Agenda on Gisaeng and Prostitute Regulation Enforcement Instructions] that did not exist in the original copies and were newly discovered during the preliminary research. Then, this study examined each document and reorganized them based on the time sequence of documentation for a precise and detailed clarification on the details and process of changes in the policies that the Resident-General enforced on the Gisaeng, who was a professional performer during the late Korean Empire. First, [Gisaeng Regulation Law] began the modern Gisaeng system from September 25, 1908. The Resident-General first set to investigate and identify the personal information of the official Gisaengand transfer them to the Metropolitan Police Department. Second, the Resident-General enacted and confirmed the [Gisaeng Regulation Law] on September 15, 1908. As the internal official, Byungjun Son, approved the law on September 24, 1908, the [Gisaeng Regulation Law] was enforced on September 25, 1908, as the beginning of the modern Gisaeng system. Third, the Resident-General established a legal and political system for modernized control and management of Gisaengs (including official Gisaeng) who were working under the existing traditional Gisaeng system by enacting the series of Gisaeng-related laws and regulations, including [Gisaeng Regulation Law], [Standard Regulation of Gisaeng Association], [Proclamation on Gisaeng] in September 1908. Fourth, the Resident-General enacted the [Notice on Gisaeng and Prostitute Regulation Law Enforcement] and its detailed guidelines, [Detailed Notice on Gisaeng and Prostitute Regulation Law Enforcement] in October 1908, as the guidelines to be aware and conducted by the Japanese police officers of each local police station and each police station branch. The Resident-General also arranged and confirmed the formats for reporting operation, closure, address change, etc., of Gisaeng and prostitutes. Lastly, Gisaengs who were travelling for local tour, overseas tour, or other performances were required by the Resident-general to submit detailed contracts, contract details, and petition with names and addresses of Gisaeng and all performers. These documents were used to establish a modern management and control system for determining the authorization. This Gisaeng management and control system organized by the Resident-General during the late Korean Empire developed more systematically by the beginning of the Japanese colonial rule.

『기생 및 창기에 관한 서류철』의 원(原)자료 재구성에 관한 연구: 대한제국 말기 ‘전문 창기(매춘부)’에 대한 일제 통감부의 정책과 그 변화과정

This study targeted a total of 181 pages of prostitute-related documents, including all prostitute-related documents for [Records of Gisaeng and Prostitute] and 3 pages of [Agenda on Gisaeng and Prostitute Regulation Enforcement Instructions] that did not exist in the original copies and were newly discovered during the preliminary research. Then, this study examined each document and reorganized them based on the time sequence of documentation for a precise and detailed clarification on the details and process of changes in the policies that the Resident-General enforced on the prostitute, who was a professional prostitute during the late Korean Empire. First, the Resident-General ordered a head pimp to make a petition in June to July 1908 to establish the Gyeongseong Gisaeng and Prostitute Association as a preparation step to implant a licensed prostitution system to the Korean Peninsula. However, the “Petition on Foundation of Gyeongseong Gisaeng and Prostitute Association” ended as an agenda without official approval. Secondly, in September 1908, the Resident-General enacted a series of prostitute-related laws and regulations, including the “Prostitute Regulation Law” and “Terms of Compliance Regarding Prostitute Business,” to establish a legal and political system to control and manage the Korean prostitutes in a modern way. Third, in October 1908, the Metropolitan Police Department of the Resident-General reminded the laws and terms of compliance to the prostitutes and people related to the licensed prostitution system and reported to Resident-General Ito Hirobumi and Vice Resident-General. The Resident-General of Korea also enacted the guidelines and detailed guidelines to be aware of and conducted by the Japanese police officers of each local police station. It also arranged and confirmed the formats for reporting operation, closure, address change, etc., of prostitutes. Fourth, the Resident-General commenced the establishment of system for “Hanseong Prostitute Association” as the first legal prostitution organization of the Korean Peninsula from April 1909. In August and September 1909, it intensively invested legal and political intentions, including “Order and Approval on Hanseong Prostitute Association,” “Final Approval of Hanseong Prostitute Association Regulations,” “Composition of Hanseong Prostitute Association Directors and Its Approval,” and “Composition of Hanseong Prostitute Association Clinic’s Japanese Doctor, Nurse, Accountant, Clerk, and Interpreter and Its Approval,” to complete the system of “Hanseong Prostitute Association”as the beginning of the licensed prostitution system in the Korean Peninsula.

텍스트 마이닝을 이용한 신임경찰관 교육 개선방안 연구

All institutions survey learners' satisfaction with their education after the end of educati on or training and use it as a resource to improve education. The Central Police Academy, which is in charge of training new police officers, also conducts a satisfaction survey at the end of on-campus training to improve the quality of education. However, the analysis of the educational satisfaction results is mainly centered on quantitative aspects such as a five-point scale, and the analysis of textual data containing various opinions of trainees is insufficient. In this study, we analyze the unstructured text data of the trainees' freely expressed opinions during the education satisfaction survey of the Central Police Academy for three years from 2019 to 2022 to suggest directions for improving the education of new police officers. For this purpose, 10 important words such as 'practice', 'field', and 'need' were identified based on the results of the analysis using TF-IDF after generating and preprocessing a custom dictionary that fits the characteristics of the police work domain. In addition, the similarity between words was measured using the Apori Algorithm and word2vec technique centered on the important words to check which words have high similarity with the important words to confirm the opinions of the trainees.

Optimizing the Detective's Burden: A Data-Driven Approach to Enhancing Investigative Productivity

This study examines the critical issue of detective workload and its impact on investigative effectiveness. While detectives play a vital role in solving crimes and upholding justice, they often face overwhelming workloads that can hinder their ability to focus on core investigative activities. The overall aim of this study is to utilize workload analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of detective work and identify evidence-based strategies to increase their productivity in criminal investigations. This research analyzes detective workload through a data-driven lens, exploring the challenges and opportunities for improvement. Main topics the impact of heavy workloads on detective productivity and well-being. Current workload distribution and its limitations Innovative strategies for workload management (e.g., data-driven case prioritization, workload sharing). The role of technology adoption (e.g., digital forensics tools, data analysis platforms) in streamlining investigations. The importance of work-life balance for detective well- being and performance. Key Arguments traditional investigative practices and an imbalance between administrative and investigative tasks significantly impede detective productivity. Implementing data- driven workload management strategies can optimize detective time allocation and improve case resolution rates. Utilizing advanced investigative technologies equips detectives with efficient tools to analyze evidence and identify leads. Promoting a healthy work-life balance for detectives reduces stress and burnout, ultimately contributing to investigative effectiveness. Methodology this research employs a comprehensive approach, drawing on. Literature Review analyzing existing research on detective workload, productivity, and innovative investigative techniques. Policy Review: Examining existing policies and practices related to detective workload management and technology adoption within police departments. Significance this research has significant implications for policymakers, police leadership, and detectives themselves. Policymakers can leverage the findings to develop evidence-based strategies for optimizing detective workload and improving investigative efficiency. Police leadership can utilize the recommendations to implement data-driven workload management practices and equip detectives with the necessary technology and training. Detectives can gain valuable insights into workload management strategies and advocate for initiatives that promote well-being and enhance their investigative capabilities. Audience this research is targeted towards a broad audience, including: Policymakers involved in criminal justice reform and police department funding. Police leadership seeking to enhance detective productivity and improve investigative outcomes. Detectives and law enforcement professionals seeking to optimize their workload and improve investigative efficiency. Academic researchers interested in the field of criminal justice and police work.

Correlation of the terms “social order” and “public order”, “social security” and “public safety”

It has been stated that the science of administrative law is faced with the issue of not replacing and/or unifying the terms “social order”, “public order”, “social security”, “public safety”, but rather with their coordination with each other, and as a result, it is proposed to focus on the difference between the adjectives “public” and “social”, which lies in the conditional scope of the concept “social”. Public order applies to an indefinite number of persons and literally knows no boundaries, while social order is limited to a certain number of persons on the basis of certain characteristics or “interests”. It should be borne in mind that the terms “public order” and “public safety” are very broad concepts that include not only administrative offences and public order protection, but also a state (order) in which society is capable of progress and positive development with a minimum of fear that rights will be violated by third parties or due to the occurrence of special conditions. Instead, social order and social security relate primarily to citizens or their individual groups in the state, it is essentially the establishment of the law and order in the country that is necessary to ensure such living conditions for citizens in which they feel inner harmony, have a stable psycho-emotional state and feel safe. In conclusion, it has been noted that the proposed approach to understanding the analysed terms does not introduce an imbalance in the current legislation, and if this approach is used, it becomes possible to further harmonise the norms and approaches of international and national legislation. Moreover, if used, it levels the debate on the tasks of the police, since, while ensuring public order and security, it carries out much broader activities to detect, prevent and suppress administrative offences, which is one of the areas of police work under Article 23 of the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”. Therefore, the terms under study can coexist, provided that the correct approach to their understanding is chosen, without any radicalism, but it is still advisable to clarify the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On National Security”.

Community Policing: The Successful Implementation of Organizational Change

The goal of community policing is to improve interaction and collaboration between local law enforcement agencies and the people and neighborhoods they serve. Its primary objectives are to reduce and prevent crime and increase residents' sense of security. Community policing starts from the top of the management and flows down to the very lowest level of the police department. Thus, police managers play an important role in the change process. The goal of this study is to analyze the successful implementation of organizational change in police agencies. This article first lays out the definition of community policing, its key components, advantages, and its differences from traditional policing. Then it discusses the process of change, the sources, and strategies of resistance to change. In the conclusion section, this study makes recommendations for a successful implementation of the organizational change process.

Crash Analysis for Lake Saint Louis Police Department

Crash Analysis for Lake Saint Louis Police Department

Peran Kepolisian Dalam Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi Di Kota Padang Sidempuan

This study aims to determine the role of the Indonesian National Police in implementing the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 10 of 2021 concerning Implementation of Vaccinations in the Context of Mitigating the Covid-19 Pandemic in the City of Padang Sidempuan. This researcher is a field research (Field Research) with a qualitative approach. The primary data sources in this study were the Padang Sidempuan City Police, Padang Sidempuan City Health Office employees, several local residents and secondary data sources were books, laws, articles and several journals. The data collection techniques for this research are observation, interviews and documentation which will then be analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the Police have played an active role in inviting, encouraging and socializing the implementation of vaccinations and increasing public awareness about vaccines so that people are not affected by vaccine issues that are not true. Factors that influence the implementation of vaccinations in the City of Padang sidempuan, namely there are inhibiting factors that the community is still little educated about vaccines and lack of awareness about the importance of health and supporting factors, namely Krepolisian in collaboration with other agencies or institutions such as the Health Service. As for the fiqh siyasa review of the role of the Police in implementing the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia that the police are officers who carry out the tasks given by the leader, which in fiqh siyasa this leader is called ulil amri and in the fiqh siyasah rules it states that "Tasroful imamu a'larroiyyati manuwtun bil maslahati" which means, the policy of an imam or government must be based on benefit. So, if the role of the police is related to fiqh siyasa, there will be no deviations so that it does not harm the local community in carrying out the vaccination.

Upaya Kepolisian: Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas Terhadap Anak di Bawah Umur di Kota Padangsidimpuan

This research examines the efforts of the police in preventing traffic violations by minors in Padangsidimpuan City. The research method used is field research with a qualitative approach. The primary data sources are the Traffic Unit (Satlantas) police at the Padangsidimpuan City Police, while secondary data includes books, previous studies and scientific journals that are considered relevant to this research. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, and documentation, with qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this study show that the police's efforts to prevent traffic violations by minors are carried out in three ways, namely first: Pre-emptive efforts by providing socialization to the community, second: Preventive efforts by providing direction and guidance through counseling, and third: Efforts Repressive by conducting raids, giving warnings and fines. Then the obstacles faced by the police in preventing traffic violations by minors are the lack of knowledge and legal awareness of the community so that they cannot understand the applicable laws, the manual ticket sanctions that have been abolished causing the public to commit traffic violations and the bad image of the police. lead to a lack of public trust in the police.

Studi Putusan Pengadilan dalam Kasus Penganiayaan oleh Tahanan di Bawah Arahan Kepolisian: Sebuah Kajian Hukum

The police, as an institution that should provide a sense of security to the community, are often involved in violations of the law themselves. One such case of legal violation involving members of the police occurred at the Banyumas City Police Station (Polresta Banyumas). Eleven members of Polresta Banyumas and ten detainees were involved in the criminal act of assault against a detainee in a theft case, which resulted in the detainee's death. Seven of the eleven members of Polresta Banyumas have been sanctioned for violating the code of ethics by failing to supervise the detainee, leading to the assault. Based on this, it is necessary to examine the legal consequences for detainees who commit acts of assault within the detention facility under orders from police officers. This research employs a normative juridical method, where the study is conducted by examining literature or secondary data using a case approach, a statute approach, and a conceptual approach. The results of this research explain that the defendants were merely following orders from the Banyumas City Police officers, who are the authorized authorities. Therefore, the detainees should be acquitted of all charges because they committed the assault not of their own volition but under the orders of the police officers as the authorized authorities.

Drugs, crime, and racial disparities in the homeless population gathered from a sample of police reports: Evidence from Brazil

Brazil is one of the most unequal democracies in the world. Although the number of homeless individuals in our country has increased due to the reproduction of people living in extreme poverty, little has been discussed about their welfare and rights. In the present study, we provide analysis with a theoretical-methodological approach directed at homeless people living in the wealthy neoliberal middle-sized southeast city of São Paulo, Brazil’s richest state. Data was acquired from police reports with prior permission from the Civil Police of São Paulo and the São Paulo Interior Judiciary Police Department. Our results illustrate that the homelessness phenomenon in Franca appears to be comparable to that of other large urban cities, where Blacks, a minority of the population, make up the bulk of homeless individuals. It also denies that homeless activity increases criminality, emphasizes the difference between Blacks and Whites drug users’ criminal behavior, with Whites being more active in theft and robbery and Blacks in trafficking, and extends the idea that drug use by homeless people is stress-related and hence an indicator of a health condition.

Police Strategy in Preventing Cases of Motor Gangs in Sukabumi City

Motorcycle gangs in Sukabumi City often cause unrest in the community because they can occur anytime and anywhere. In Sukabumi City itself, the intensity of the existence of motorcycle gangs is growing. Thus, the Sukabumi City police made a strategy on how to prevent motorcycle gangs that are troubling in Sukabumi City. Thus, to find out and measure how the strategy is carried out, this research uses Mulgan (2009) with 4 Strategy indicators namely Purpose, Environment, Araha, and Action. The research method used in this research is descriptive method with a leatherative approach. The purpose of this research is to find out the extent to which this strategy is running and the impact produced by this strategy. The results of this study show that the collaboration run by Sukabumi Police has not been running optimally because it has not fulfilled the 4 indicators of Mulgan (2009) because in the Environmental Indicator there are still obstacles from family and friendship so it needs to be reviewed again.

Tinjauan Kriminologis terhadap Aksi Premanisme di Pelabuhan Tenau Kupang

This study examines is criminological review of acts of thuggery at Tenau Port, Kupang. This research uses empirical juridical research, or what is called field research, namely examining applicable legal provisions and what happens in reality in society.. The results of this research show: (1) The form of crime of thuggery referred to in the discussion and scope of this research is generally what is known as harassment committed by unscrupulous drivers against ship passengers with various modus operandi. The modus operandi in acts of thuggery that has been researched and occurred factually at Tenau Harbor in its scope and which occurs most often is threats carried out by several rental or car rental drivers by forcefully demanding money from ship passengers and drivers who threaten passengers asking for money. to get into his car. (2) The efforts of the Kupang City Police in dealing with acts of thuggery at Tenau Port, Kupang: Thugism, Modus Operandi, Countermeasures.

Enhancing Institutional Meals in Armed Police Force, Nepal

Enhancing Institutional Meals in Armed Police Force, Nepal

A vitimização secundária de testemunhas em inquéritos policiais e processos criminais na apuração de homicídios

Secondary victimization, or re-victimization, is a phenomenon caused by state agents involved with the criminal justice system, affecting victims and witnesses of crimes, especially homicide crimes. A significant number of witnesses choose not to collaborate with justice in the investigation of the homicide, for fear of retaliation by criminals and lack of police or court protection, which ends up leading to impunity. This study aimed to analyze the process of secondary victimization of witnesses in police inquiry and criminal proceedings in the homicide investigation, in addition to identifying the causes of such victimization and proposing actions that may minimize it. Non-systematic bibliographic research was carried out in the Google Scholar and Scielo databases, using the terms “vitimização de testemunhas”, “homicídio”, “witness victimization”, “secondary witness victimization” and “homicide secondary victimization” as keywords, applying the specific period filter (2016 – 2021). Thirteen probable causes for secondary victimization were identified, proposing some measures to try to avoid or minimize it. It was concluded that only by protecting homicide witnesses will it be possible to achieve better rates in the investigation of these crimes.

Отношение российского общества к Отдельному корпусу жандармов в начале XX века

The political police have always been viewed ambiguously by society. In the early XX century, the Russian Empire’s primary political police organization was the Special Gendarme Corps. Society held a largely negative view of this organization. Cultural figures depicted gendarme officers as rough and cruel suppressors of free thought, as stern guardians of autocracy. This article attempts to ascertain whether this perception was deserved. A comparison is drawn between the Special Gendarme Corps and another political police institution, Secret Police Department. An assessment is provided of the moral and ethical qualities of the gendarmes, their activities, and their relations with broad segments of society. The specifics of the selection process for candidates entering the corps and the content of their training are described. Memories of gendarme officers regarding their work, specific episodes of detective work, and interactions with revolutionaries are recounted. Also, an attempt is being made to find out whether they could change this attitude, and whether they could preserve the Russian monarchy entrusted to them.

Community experiences with police and implications for public health: A focus group study.

Interactions with the police can impact an individual's short and long-term physical, mental, and social wellbeing, as well as levels of violence and unrest within a community. As such, this study aimed to explore experiences with the police among individuals experiencing socioeconomic disadvantages in Edmonton, Canada. For this qualitative study, participants (n = 39) were recruited from an emergency shelter for women, a drop-in community organization supporting individuals experiencing socioeconomic disadvantages, and a centre providing settlement support for newcomers to Canada. During the recruitment process, the research information sheet, including the scope and goals of the study, was presented, and participants who had any experience with the police were recruited. Each participant joined one of seven focus groups, during which experiences with the police were discussed; data from the focus groups were analyzed utilizing thematic analysis. Factors that contributed to satisfactory experiences with the police included the police demonstrating responsiveness and compassion, as well as an individual's understanding of police work. Factors that contributed to unsatisfactory experiences included the experiences of discrimination, stigmatization, and disrespect during interactions with the police. Participants suggested that community-police relationships could be improved by police being less judgemental and suspicious in their approach, undergoing regular training in sociocultural sensitivity, and being more open in their communication and community outreach. Overall, adopting a less discriminatory and more empathetic approach within a police force is essential for creating and maintaining a positive community-police relationship. By considering the socioeconomic context of people's behaviours and actions, police can better support the health and wellbeing of individuals and communities.

In Search of a Modus Operandi for Evaluation: Developing a Mixed-Methods Approach for Crisis Team Exercises

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increase in critical situations such as crisis and disasters in Germany. Due to the country's low-crisis history and the predominance of blue-light organizations like the police and fire departments in managing disasters, these circumstances affect other organizations, such as public administrations, that have had less contact with crisis management, sometimes unexpectedly. This is illustrated by examples such as the refugee situation in 2015/2016 and the COVID-19 pandemic. One way to prepare is through exercises in crisis management and, more specifically, staff work. The demand for these therefore also seems to be increasing in administrations. This article presents an evaluation approach for such exercises based on an example of a staff exercise in Germany. It describes the developed evaluation approach, discusses some exemplary results in relation to the topic of communication and the potential of a partially standardized evaluation. Finally, the article discusses the extent to which a multi-method approach to exercise evaluation, which works with a standard framework but also leaves scope for individual adaptation, contains practical and scientific added values.