Role Of Police Research Articles

Some effects of 'pre-crime' concept in combating domestic violence

The paper discusses the role of police, public prosecutor and court in combating domestic violence and the effects achieved in the 2018-2021 period. The aim of the study was to establish whether the provisions of the law that empower the police and judicial bodies are adequately implemented in the entire territory of the Republic of Serbia and whether they offer sufficient mechanisms to efficiently and effectively prevent and suppress domestic violence and provide efficient protection of the victims. The study also aimed to establish what effects were achieved by proactive approach of the relevant authorities in the analysed four-year period, what the sentencing policy of the courts has been, and how efficient the public prosecution was in suppressing domestic violence. The research results have shown that the effects of the new concept applied in suppressing domestic violence are not uniform in all the regions of Serbia, that there has been a decrease in the number of criminal offences, but that the number of fatalities among family members has not declined.

Collaborative gatekeeping: Consensus-seeking practices among emergency call-takers

Abstract The police are involved in many aspects of social life in the US, and much of their involvement stems from the emergency call-for-service system. Emergency call-takers play a crucial role in this system by filtering out inappropriate caller requests, but prior policing scholarship has overlooked the dynamic, interactional, and improvisational aspects of this work. This article illuminates these elements of gatekeeping by uncovering a set of consensus-seeking practices call-takers deploy over the telephone to collaboratively reframe callers’ problems as policeable or not. These findings help reconceptualize gatekeeping as a more fluid concept than prior scholarship has understood it to be. They also offer new avenues for organizational reform that include the study and dissemination of practices that call-takers use to process calls. Furthermore, these findings encourage agencies to move beyond exclusively rule-bound forms of guidance and pursue a practice-based reform agenda to help redefine the limits of the police role.

Public service motivation, role stress, and job burnout of police post-COVID-19: A study of the police in Taipei City in Taiwan

Abstract As the outbreak of COVID-19 has spread rapidly in Taiwan in 2021, police have more arduous tasks to fulfil. High-stress police workloads and long working times cause high job stresses that make them physically and mentally tired, eventually leading to job burnout (JB). Previous research refers that JB is caused by role stress (RS). Yet public service motivation (PSM) focuses on an individual’s service motivation to work in public organizations regarded as an inherent value of civil servants. This leads to our research questions as follows: Will police role stressors affect job burnout? How does public service motivation affect police stress and job burnout? This study conducted a questionnaire survey of frontline police in Taipei City, confirmed that job burnout is generally an extension of pressure caused by role stress. In addition, this study has shown public service motivation has a moderating effect on job burnout. Therefore, the government can provide more resources and benefits for the police to increase their motivation for public services, and indeed alleviate job burnout.

Policing the pandemic in Australia and New Zealand: lessons for trust and legitimacy

PurposeThis paper aims to assess COVID-19 as presenting both a crisis and opportunity for police trust and legitimacy by considering the role of police in delivering the legislative requirements of government and enforcing various health orders across Australia and New Zealand.Design/methodology/approachThe research relies on a mixed-methods analysis of national, commonwealth, state and territory policy, corporate police reports, academic commentary and media coverage throughout the pandemic. Survey data gathered during the pandemic relevant to trust and legitimacy in police and government is also analysed.FindingsFive findings relating to police trust and legitimacy are identified. They reveal that police mostly did seize the pandemic as an opportunity to implement practices that enhanced perceptions of trust and legitimacy. However, even where police were able to leverage COVID-19 as an opportunity, the protracted nature of the pandemic posed a challenge for maintaining trust and legitimacy gains. The findings also underscore the importance of a continued focus on building trust and legitimacy post-pandemic to counter any lingering consequences.Research limitations/implicationsThe applicability of the findings outside the Australian and New Zealand context may be limited, given differences in jurisdictional legislative frameworks and policing operational environments.Practical implicationsThis study identifies good community engagement practice for pandemic policing, contributes to communication strategies for managing trust decay during an emergency, forecasts ongoing trust and legitimacy challenges to policing’s post-pandemic operational environment and enhances aspects of post-pandemic recruitment approaches.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to emerging police practice and research on building and sustaining trust and legitimacy during periods of uncertainty and volatility, such as during and after a pandemic.

Climbing the roof with the right ladder: Community policing as an antidote to the internal security crisis in Nigeria

ABSTRACT The paper qualitatively examines the role of community policing as a panacea to insecurity in Nigeria through documentary sources. It is argued that the social and political environment in Nigeria is pervaded by the Boko Haram uprising in the North East zone, banditry and cattle rustling in the North West and North Central zones, ethnic militia in the South South and South East zones and armed robbery and ritual killings in the South West zone. Nigeria has become one of the most unsafe places to live in the world, the rate of killings suggesting that the Nigeria Police Force (NPF) – an organisation created for ensuring internal peace and cohesion – has failed in its statutory responsibilities. It is concluded that community policing which ensures the collaboration of citizens with security agents is the right approach to alleviating the internal security crisis in Nigeria.

Motivasi Eksistensi Pekerja Informal Sukarelawan Pengatur Lalu Lintas (Supeltas) di jakarta, Bogor dan Bekasi

The presence of traffic control volunteers (Supeltas) plays an quite important role in public order and smooth traffic. The research was conducted in the cities of Jakarta, Bogor and Bekasi. In these three places it is known that there are problems that are troubling the community such as traffic jams. The congestion is caused by the large volume of motorized vehicles that are not proportional to the volume or number of roads, especially on lanes that have a very large potential to cause a buildup of vehicles such as at intersections or U-turns. The presence of traffic control volunteers (supeltas) appears at these locations in almost all corners of the city taking over the role of the traffic control police. The existence of traffic control volunteers has been going on for a long time, so it is very interesting to do research on the motivation of these informal workers. The method used in this study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the motivation to become a traffic control volunteer (supeltas) is a desire to help smooth traffic due to congestion and the convenience of road users, but it cannot be denied that the existence of traffic control volunteers has become a livelihood. The contribution of the existence of the informal sector in overcoming various employment problems in Indonesia requires efforts to provide continuous guidance. Guidance can be carried out mainly by the government, private institutions and independent community groups who care about social problems in society

군사경찰의 범죄피해자보호 개선 연구

The purpose of this study is to suggest the need to strengthen the military police's investigative power for crimes that occur in military units and the direction of legislative and policy revision of the military police's role in protecting crime victims due to the incident. Recently, problems with the investigative power and jurisdiction of the Korean military police have been continuously raised both inside and outside the military, and there have been considerable internal improvement efforts, but it is pointed out that the system has not yet been sufficiently improved. Under the current law, frequent conflicts or inadequate institutional issues have been revealed in the military police investigation process, and these problems have emerged due to the acceleration of the military's civilization, so it is believed that human rights violations of crime victims will become serious. In particular, military police are in charge of investigating civilians with exceptions to most military personnel or military materials for general crimes, so the investigation procedures must be clearly based on laws and minimize possible abuse, but there are insufficient regulations to support them. In addition, the role of a special judicial police officer is also an increasingly important area, but domestic violence crimes and the protection of crime victims in the military unit have become important issues, and the law has been revised. According to the above-mentioned grounds, the enactment of relevant laws and institutional development necessary for the military police to perform their duties for domestic violence crimes (including dating crimes) and crime victims (including soldiers and military family victims) will fall within the scope of military police's important duties in the future. This study examined various related laws such as the Military Court Act and the Judicial Police Management Act, which are the legal basis for the exercise of the military police's investigative power, and derived matters pointed out by the National Human Rights Commission, the National Assembly, and the media regarding the actual effectiveness of the laws. In addition, in the application of various laws and regulations for investigation, military police and general police were compared and analyzed to analyze various disturbances that may cause problems and improvements to overcome them.

군사경찰의 범죄피해자보호 개선 연구

The purpose of this study is to suggest the need to strengthen the military police's investigative power for crimes that occur in military units and the direction of legislative and policy revision of the military police's role in protecting crime victims due to the incident. Recently, problems with the investigative power and jurisdiction of the Korean military police have been continuously raised both inside and outside the military, and there have been considerable internal improvement efforts, but it is pointed out that the system has not yet been sufficiently improved. Under the current law, frequent conflicts or inadequate institutional issues have been revealed in the military police investigation process, and these problems have emerged due to the acceleration of the military's civilization, so it is believed that human rights violations of crime victims will become serious. In particular, military police are in charge of investigating civilians with exceptions to most military personnel or military materials for general crimes, so the investigation procedures must be clearly based on laws and minimize possible abuse, but there are insufficient regulations to support them. In addition, the role of a special judicial police officer is also an increasingly important area, but domestic violence crimes and the protection of crime victims in the military unit have become important issues, and the law has been revised. According to the above-mentioned grounds, the enactment of relevant laws and institutional development necessary for the military police to perform their duties for domestic violence crimes (including dating crimes) and crime victims (including soldiers and military family victims) will fall within the scope of military police's important duties in the future. This study examined various related laws such as the Military Court Act and the Judicial Police Management Act, which are the legal basis for the exercise of the military police's investigative power, and derived matters pointed out by the National Human Rights Commission, the National Assembly, and the media regarding the actual effectiveness of the laws. In addition, in the application of various laws and regulations for investigation, military police and general police were compared and analyzed to analyze various disturbances that may cause problems and improvements to overcome them.

“You Don’t Need 55 Forms That Say the Same Thing”: The Burden on Police to Produce Extra-Institutional Knowledge

Central to the police role and function are the inter- and extra-institutional demands for “knowledge” on crime and frontline policing. However, this subject has failed to generate the required empirical attention. The current study thus draws on Ericson and Haggerty’s conceptualization of police as “knowledge workers” to reveal the extent to which knowledge production for other institutions remains salient and, as a latent function, burdens policing. To do so, we employ results from the analysis of two ethnographic studies of police paperwork. Results revealed significant extra-institutional information needs that have considerable effects on police work with seemingly little use-value, and a consensus that much of police paperwork represents a misplaced burden due to repetition. We conclude with a critical discussion on the policy implications of these findings.

The Declining Significance of Interpol: Policing International Terrorism After 9/11

This paper discusses the current policies and strategies developed by Interpol to organize international police cooperation in matters of terrorism. While the role of police in international counterterrorism cannot be denied and can only be assumed to be more important today than ever before, evidence shows that Interpol has in recent years no longer placed a premium on terrorism among its objectives. Relying on the bureaucratization perspective of policing, Interpol’s relative decline in attention to terrorism is argued to have been brought about by factors both external and internal to the organization. Externally, the police of many nations, especially those with well-developed law enforcement organizations, prefer to work unilaterally or on the basis of smaller, temporary forms of international collaboration. Internally, moreover, Interpol has grown considerably in terms of membership but in a manner that might threaten its central objective to fight international crime by efficient means of cooperation. Related problems involve abuse of Interpol’s notice system as well as political and legal problems concerning the organization's leadership. As a result, among the most striking aspects of Interpol's development in recent years has been a relative but distinct decline in its once central focus on terrorism.

Role of Police relating to Safe Custody in Bangladesh: A Study from Human Rights Perspective

This paper essentially provides a very clear understanding of the function of the police by highlighting specific domestic laws, a number of pertinent international instruments, as well as the fundamental human rights standard of safe custody in relation to human rights. The paper attempts an effort to conduct a documentary analysis of the role of police in relation to safe custody and human rights in Bangladesh's criminal justice system. Finally, the purpose of this paper is to highlight the real-world situation and activities of the police in advancing democracy in a developing country like Bangladesh.
 Green University Review of Social Sciences Dec 2021; 7(1-2): 130-154

Same old story of good cop–bad cop? A narrative approach to social representations of the police's role in addressing gender‐based violence in Indian gender advocacy

AbstractDespite considerable evidence of the patriarchal nature of the police and underreporting of gender‐based violence in India, there is a dearth of literature on how gender advocacy campaigns in India tackle these issues. This study addresses this gap by exploring how the police is represented in gender advocacy in India. The material comprises of eight campaign videos from two ideologically opposing organizations: Amnesty International, an international human rights organization and Ministry for Women and Child Development, a government body. Social representations theory and narrative analysis are applied in the analysis to answer how the role of the police is narratively constructed. Results suggest two contrasting representations held by each organization in line with their organizational identities. While Amnesty constructed the police as villains obstructing women's access to justice, the Ministry represented the police as heroes defending women's safety. The analysis contributes a novel way of locating anchors and objectifications by a focus on narrative actions and goals. Additionally, the discussion of the findings broadens conceptions of hegemonic and polemic representations, arguing for a more power‐centric approach that conceives of hegemony in terms of access to media channels and material resources. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.

Exploring Citizens Perception of the Police Role and Function in a Post-Colonial Nation

Before attempting to develop productive and harmonious working relationships between citizens and the police in a post-colonial society such as Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), it is imperative to initially gain a more precise understanding of the role and function of the police. This qualitative study suggested that the current role and function of officers is parallel to the colonial model of policing, where officers operated in a paramilitary manner. This model of policing was concerned with law enforcement and public order duties, which was highlighted as counterproductive for police and public relations. The model was also popular for police treatment based on citizens socioeconomic status. The results of this study suggest that police officers should implement a Service Oriented Policing approach (SOP), which could allow police officers to become proactively involved with communities and citizens, build stronger and increasingly productive relationships and be more effective and efficient as an institution.

Socio-legal Issues of the Street Children in India and their Protection

Innumerable children in India are deprived of their basic human rights. They are forced to work in an age when they should learn as how to read and write. These children became “street children” due to loss of their family or due to some other reasons. Despite the fact that the Constitution of India provides rights to everyone, the bitter truth is that there is a large section of children are deprived of basic human rights. These children are so helpless that they cannot even raise their voice for their basic human rights or are even not aware of their basic human rights. There are many international conventions and declarations on child rights which reflect the commitment of the international community to provide basic human rights to each and every child. At national level also there are various number of legislations which seeks to mitigate the condition of the children and to protect them from exploitation. But the ground reality is something else. The street children are fighting for their bare survival and the issue of development is far away from them. This article seeks to explore the causes of street(ism), the problems of the street children and attempts to critically analyze that how far the legal framework at national and international level is capable of protecting the street children. The article also reflects the data on the plight of rights of the street children, role of Judiciary, NGO and role of police in their protection. Further it seeks to find out the possible measures to curb the problems of street children and thus guarantee them their human rights and necessities in life and an atmosphere in which they can develop their overall personality.

Criminal Justice System and its Impacts on Criminal Trial Law, Practice and Procedure in Pakistan: An Analytical Study

In criminal justice system, the basic need is to commence the criminal trial within time frame, so the issues between parties will resolve and law and order situation prevails. This study narrates the delay factors which affect the performance of criminal justice system. The core issues for in efficiency of a criminal judicial system are delaying tactic by law enforcement agencies, legal practitioners as well as case burden on Courts. At pre-trial stage of criminal cases, the Police role in lodging (First Information Report) FIR, investigation, visit to crime occurrence place inordinate delay in such process. Likewise, at trail stages, Prosecution Department shows lack of coordination, non-attendance in Courts, and Judicial Mismanagement such as transfer of Judges etc., frivolous conduct of law fraternity such as strikes and undue adjournments fade the justice system and shakes the public confidence. The study provides insights into such issues which linger the criminal cases in the genre of written discussion.

‘To Serve and Protect’: The Changing Roles of Police in the Protection of Civilians in UN Peace Operations

ABSTRACT This article examines the contributions of police to the Protection of Civilians (PoC) in United Nations (UN) peace operations. Drawing on field research in four missions where police have had to implement PoC mandates in challenging and unprecedented ways, I identify lessons associated with emerging practice. The article contributes to debates about non-military forms of civilian protection arguing that police – at once uniformed and civilian, coercive but also community-oriented – offer unique contributions to PoC. It also highlights the need for a systematic evaluation of what works and what does not for protection through policing to be harnessed in future missions.

Larangan Penggunaan Telepon Saat Mengemudi

Highway safety is a state of mind. An accident is not a lack of thought but a loss of concentration while driving. Concentrating is very important in driving to get a safe ride. Traffic is a process that occurs on the highway. One of the problems regarding the use of mobile phone communication devices (hand phones) by motorcyclists when driving. The use of mobile phone communication devices while driving is very dangerous if these activities are not stopped immediately. This activity also harms other road users, maybe the driver who uses a mobile phone is not disturbed but for other road users it is very disturbing. From these problems, the writer wants to know how the role of the traffic police in the implementation of Law No. 22 of 2009 Article 106 Paragraph (1) regarding the prohibition of using mobile phones while driving a motorized vehicle is in the city of Padangsidimpuan, as well as how the fiqh siyasah review of the role of the traffic police in Implementation of Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning the Prohibition of Using Mobile Phones While Driving a Motorized Vehicle in Padangsidimpuan City. The result of this research is that the role of the traffic police in the implementation of Law no. 22 of 2009 article 106 paragraph (1) concerning the prohibition of using mobile phones while driving in Padangsidimpuan City in general has played a good role, especially in violations of article 106. However, it is necessary to increase the enforcement of traffic violations in providing sanctions that deter perpetrators from committing violations. . As for the fiqh siyasa review of the role of the traffic police in implementing the law, the importance of the role of a leader is to oblige the public to obey and obey the rules that have been set.

Police Observational Research in the Twenty-First Century

The often-clandestine inner workings of the policing profession have been of considerable interest to scholars, policy makers, social justice activists, and everyday citizens. Technological innovations such as body-worn cameras, smartphones, and social media have allowed for increased public scrutiny of how officers carry out their duties. Recently, there has been intensified interest in the role of police and their suitability for addressing a wide range of important social issues. As various stakeholders consider impassioned calls for police reform, a comprehensive understanding of officer behavior is especially critical. Police observational research has historically used innovative methods to observe, document, and analyze police officer conduct. Herein, we investigate the evolution of police observational research and its many contributions and underscore the potential for future research.

The overlooked building blocks of secured transactions law reforms: policing and the role of organized industries

Abstract Two interlinked building blocks of secured transactions law have often been overlooked during the most recent round of secured transactions law reforms: the role of policing (monitoring) of the debtor and its affairs, and the role of institutionalized industries in the efficient working of secured transactions systems. Policing is often ignored because Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)—the top global benchmark—made policing optional by discarding the ‘Benedict rule’, which had conditioned the validity of liens upon the secured creditor’s strict monitoring the debtor’s affairs. This shift was perceived as a positive development because it made the recognition of the most comprehensive security device—the floating (blanket) lien—possible. However, what many sources overlook is that parallel with this volte face, the risks corollary to the failure to monitor were transferred entirely onto secured creditors (banks and other financiers). In the USA, professional industries offering policing services were developed prior to the promulgation of the UCC, thanks precisely to the 1925 Benedict v Ratner case from whence the Benedict rule was derived. Moreover, these policing practices—the so-called ‘Benedict ritual’—had already become customary in the industries that were reliant on secure transactions law. This ‘know-how’ and the act of professional industries implementing it simply do not exist in many recipient reform countries. Similar to policing, equally disregarded is that the success of US secured transaction law is fundamentally attributable to the existence of ‘non-banking financial organizations’ specialized in various financing practices that exploit this branch of law, from the industries specializing in independent equipment leasing to those engaged in receivables financing. In contrast, the financial systems of countries interested in implementing major reforms tend to be dominated by conservative universal banks with limited capabilities. This article aims to cast a closer light on these neglected yet pivotal corollaries of secured transactions law.

POLICING FORENSIC EVIDENCE

POLICING FORENSIC EVIDENCE