PO Cattle Research Articles

Impact of Estrus Response and Pregnancy Rate of Two Cows That are Injected with Prostaglandin F2α Hormone in the System Maintenance is Different to Livestock Farming

Livestock farming is an effort to breed livestock to obtain benefits or results in the form of products and income. The success of a livestock business depends on three elements commonly referred to as the production triangle, namely seeds, feed, and management. In addition, the techno-socioeconomic characteristics of livestock farmers greatly influence the development of livestock businesses and will later affect the income of livestock farmers. The aim of the research was to examine the injection of the prostaglandin F2α hormone on the estrus response and pregnancy in Ongole crossbreed and Simental crossbreed cows reared using intensive and semi-intensive rearing systems. The data obtained will be analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there is a real effect, continue with further testing with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results of research on the percentage of estrus after the first and second injection of the prostaglandin hormone can be seen in the table. The highest percentage of estrus was in the S1P2 treatment with a percentage value of 80% and the lowest percentage value was in the S2P1 and S2P2 treatments with a percentage value of 40%. The percentage of estrus after the second injection, the percentage value for all treatments increased and the percentage of estrus was highest in the S1P2 treatment with a value of 100%. The average value of onset of estrus after the second injection of the PGF2α hormone was lower than the first injection. The longest duration of estrus in the treatment after the first PGF2α hormone injection was in the S1P2 treatment with an average of 24.75 hours, while the longest duration of estrus in the treatment after the second PGF2α hormone injection was in the S2P1 treatment with an average of 25 hours. PO cattle and Simental crossbreeds injected with PGF2α gave no different estrous responses. Intensive and semi-intensive rearing systems provide no different estrous responses. Raising PO cows using a semi-intensive rearing system injected with PGF2α provides an estrous response and high pregnancy rates (60), to be one of techniques to breed cattle of PO cow and have good impact to the success of a livestock business

Polymorphism of Cyt-b Gene in Several Indonesian Cattle Using PCR-RFLP Method

The cytochrome b (Cyt-b) gene is one of the genes that is located in the mitochondrial DNA. Variations in the Cyt-b gene can be used to compare different animal species to investigate the origin of certain animal species. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of Indonesian local cattle breeds, including Bali cattle as an Indonesian native cattle breed and Banteng as the wild type of Bali cattle, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). A total of 336 individual DNA samples from Indonesian cattle breeds were analyzed in this study. The RFLP method using three restriction enzymes, i.e., HinfI, HaeIII, or XbaI, was used to identify the variation of the Cyt-b gene. The Cyt-b gene was polymorphic based on the PCR-RFLP method. There were six alleles of the Cyt-b gene found in this study, i.e., A and B allele (HinfI), C and D allele (HaeIII), X and Y allele (XbaI). All alleles can be found in Pasundan, Madura, and PO cattle. Pesisir cattle have the highest allele frequency D. The UPGMA results showed three clusters of Indonesian native cattle in this study. Cluster 1 consists of Pasundan, Banteng, and Bali cattle. Cluster 2 consists of Madura, PO, and SO cattle. Pesisir was separated from other cattle in cluster 3. The X allele could become an indicator to distinguish Banteng and Bali cattle.

Phenotype Characteristics of Diiti Cattle in the Coastal Region of Tomini Bay-Gorontalo, Indonesia

This study aims to determine the qualitative and quantitative traits of Diiti cattle in the coastal area of Tomini Bay, Gorontalo, Indonesia. A total of 201 phenotypes (qualitative and quantitative) of Diiti cattle were collected, consisting of 138 females and 63 males aged 4-5 years. Qualitative observations were focused on body color, face shape, horn, and dewlap. Quantitative traits were focused on the eight traits that were influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The methods used were descriptive and chi-square analysis. IBM Statistics SPSS 22 was used to analyze the data obtained. Female Diiti cattle had nine body colors, while the males had seven body colors. Based on the front view, male and female Diiti cattle have hexagonal, triangular, and perpendicular facial shapes of 7.94%, 49.20%, 42.68% and 36.95%, 5.80%, 57.25%, respectively. The body sizes of male and female Diiti cattle were different. The body size p-values of male and female Diiti cattle ranged between 0.00-0.063. Diiti cattle have various body colors. Female cattle were reddish white, whitish red, and white, while male cattle were black, brown, and white. Female cattle do not have a hump, and generally have a hexagonal face shape, flat face line, body size, and weight almost the same as Bali cattle, but smaller than PO cattle. Further characterization of Diiti cattle was required as basic information of Diiti cattle as Gorontalo local cattle.

Polymorphism of the myostatin gene exon 1 using PCR-RFLP technique in five beef cattle in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the polymorphism of the myostatin (MSTN) gene in exon 1 at SNPc.111G>C (rs523392653) and SNPc.267G>A (rs383271508) on various beef cattle in Indonesia. A total of 136 DNA samples were analyzed in this study, consisting of 33 heads of Madura, 31 heads of PO, 36 heads of Bali, 18 heads of Simmental, and 18 heads of Limousin cattle. The DNA sample was collected from the Animal Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University. Along 608 bp of DNA sequence was amplified using PCR with forward primer was 5′-CAA GTT GTC TCT CAG ACT GG-3′ and reverse primer was 5′-CTC CTC CTT ACA TAC AAG CC-3′ and annealing temperature was 59°C. The amplified DNA was then digested with HaeIII and AluI restriction enzymes using the RFLP method to determine polymorphism. Genotype frequencies, allele frequencies, PIC, and heterozygosity values were calculated with the PopGen32 program. The HaeIII enzyme produces two genotypes, GG and CG, while the AluI enzyme produces three: GG, AG, and AA. SNPc.111G>C polymorphism was found in Madura and PO cattle, while SNPc.267G>A polymorphism was found in Madura, PO, and Bali cattle. Both Simmental and Limousin cattle were monomorphic.

Evaluation of the Development Strategies Village Breeding Center Peranakan Ongole (PO) Cattle Based on Swot Analysis

The research revealed that the appropriate strategy for the development of local cattle is influenced by both internal and external factors, such as the age of farmers, the educational level of farmers, the experience of cattle, the main job of farmers, availability of land, knowledge of cattle farm management, use of technology and access to funding, and government support. This researchaims to evaluate the development of the POvillage breeding centerbased on internal and external factors. The research methodology employed involved conducting surveys, interviews, and documentation of cattle farmers, livestock group leaders, and Bojonegoro livestock department officials as sources of information. The method used in this study was purposive sampling. Descriptive quantitative and SWOT analyseswere carefully applied to the available data. The internal factor analysis yielded a total value of 1.03 on the positive X-axis, while the external factor had a value of 0.15 on the positive Y-axis. As a result, the SWOT analysis shows the development ofa PO village breeding centerin quadrant I, which indicated that the program for developinga village breeding centerwas on the right track (aggressive) by continuously implementing growth strategies. Developing the source area for PO cattle has excellent potential to enhance the productivity and quality of PO cattle produced. The development strategy of PO cattle village breeding centershould focus on the potential strength aspect of the capacity of local regions and farmers' support.

PROTOTYPE APLIKASI RECORDING TERNAK TERINTEGRASI DENGAN SISTEM IDENTIFIKASI DAN SERTIFIKASI TERNAK DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

The Government of the Department of Agriculture and Food / Dinas Pertanian dan Pangan (Distapang) of Kebumen Regency has utilized information technology to register livestock and provide identity cards to livestock with the Livestock Card Database System. With this system, Distapang Kebumen can quickly find out the livestock population and household of farmers. Kebumen Regency is one of the best cattle breeding areas at the national level, namely for PO cattle. Therefore, the Agriculture and Food Service Office of Kebumen Regency provides a Breeding Certificate /Surat Keterangan Layak Bibit (SKLB) for livestock. SKLB will increase trust and satisfaction of livestock breed users, and will certainly increase the price of livestock. To make SKLB, Distapang uses the help of the SKLB Recording and Printing System ... Unfortunately, between the Livestock Card Database System and the SKLB Recording and Printing System is not integrated, so there is one job carried out by two officers, namely livestock data collection. Data on making livestock cards comes from forms filled out by data officers in the village area from livestock, while data recording comes from recording officers from members of the herd group / designated officers. The output of this research is in the form of an Android-based recording application prototype design, which is integrated with the Livestock Card Database System as an Identification System, and the SKLB Recording and Printing System as a System for Animal Certification

Comparison of Hematological Levels of Simmental-Ongole Crossbreed (SimPO) and Ongole Crossbreed (PO) Cattle Reared Semi-Intensively

Hematological analysis in cattle is an important basis for determining physiological conditions, biomedical study, and veterinary clinical diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the comparison of hematological values between Simmental-Ongole crossbreed (SimPO) and Ongole crossbreed (PO) cattle reared semi-intensively in oil palm plantations area. A total of 70 blood samples were collected from 35 female SimPO and 35 female PO cattle aged ± 3,5 years who reared from the same area. Blood samples were collected via the coccygeal vein as much as 3 ml, performed at 07.00 in the morning before being grazed on oil palm plantations. Blood samples were collected using a vacutainer tube containing Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA) for further analysis using a hematology analyzer. Data from hematological examination results were then analyzed using an independent sample t-test with a significance level of p < 0,05. In results, reported that there were no significant differences in several hematological parameters that have been analyzed. We can conclude that there was no substantial hematological level in the SimPO and PO cattle reared semi-intensively on oil palm plantations.

Effect of Green Tea Extract on Spermatozoa Quality of Peranakan Ongole Bull On Frozen Storage

Low-temperature storage can often result in spermatozoa damage. It occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species, leading to changes in the lipid composition of the membrane. Antioxidant compounds are needed to prevent ROS. Green tea extract (Camelia sinensis) can be used as an antioxidant agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of green tea extract in tris egg yolk on spermatozoa quality of Ongole Peranakan (PO) cattle. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five extract treatments (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%,4%) and four repetitions. The parameters used were motility, viability, and membrane integrity. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of the ANOVA test, the addition of green tea extract has a significant effect on spermatozoa quality of PO cattle in frozen storage (P0.005). The best results were obtained by the addition of 3% extract that was able to maintain the quality of post-freezing spermatozoa with average motility, viability, and membrane integrity of 47.44±0.166, 55.14±0.449, and 53.72±0.599. The addition of 3% green tea extract into tris egg yolk can maintain motility, viability, and membrane integrity in spermatozoa of PO cattle inside frozen storage, by adding green tea extract to diluent, spermatozoa can be stored for a long time at low temperatures making it easier for people to carry out artificial insemination.

Polymorphisms of the PLAG1 and their relationships with body measurements and carcass traits of Ongole crossbred cattle

Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is a member of the PLAG family which is associated with body size in various cattle breeds. This study investigated the association of PLAG1 polymorphisms to carcass traits and body measurement of Ongole crossbred (PO) cattle in Kebumen. Chest girth, body length, body height, withers height, waist height, live body weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage were carefully measured and recorded. The DNA genome extractions were originated from blood samples that was collected via jugular vein. The extracted DNA template used to amplify two PLAG1 polymorphisms target, namely, g.48308C>T and g.32212 (19 bp indel). Identification of g.48308C>T from PLAG1 was done via PCR-RFLP technique using SacII, wherein the 19 bp indel was obtained from PCR products. One-way analysis of variance and independent sample t-test were carried out to quantify the obtained data. This present study revealed variation in both g.48308C>T SNP and 19 bp indel. Three genotypes, TT, TC, and CC, were found for g.48308C>T SNP. Whilst two genotypes DD and DI genotypes were found for 19 bp indel. Non-significant differences were found between PLAG1 polymorphisms and traits of interest observed in Kebumen PO cattle population.

CAPABILITY OF DIFFERENT BREEDS OF DONOR CATTLE TO PRODUCE EMBRYOS AT THE CIPELANG LIVESTOCK EMBRYO CENTER, BOGOR, WEST JAVA

The objective of this research was to investigate the capability of the donor cattle to produce embryos by comparing three cattle breeds, namely Bos taurus beef cattle (Limousin), Bos taurus dairy cattle (Friesian Holstein/FH), and Bos indicus beef cattle (Peranakan Ongole/PO). This research was observational method with in vivo embryo production method and a nonsurgical embryo collection method (flushing). The data collected were then processed using the one way ANOVA method. The results showed that the number of CL, response rate, total number of embryos, and recovery rate in PO cattle, FH cattle, and Limousin cattle did not differ significantly (P0.05). The appropriate number of embryos to be transferred and degenerative embryo were significantly different among PO cattle, FH cattle, and Limousin cattle (P0.05), while the unfertil ova, fertilization rate, and transferable embryo did not differ among cattle breed (P0.05). This research concluded that each breed of the donor cattle produced embryos with varies quality and the best quality of embryo production is found in Limousin cattle.

Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Pembuatan UMB (Urea Molasses Block) Pada Peternak Sapi Potong di Desa Blengorwetan, Kecamatan Ambal, Kabupaten Kebumen

Blengorwetan Village, Ambal District, Kebumen Regency is an area with the potential for developing Kebumen PO cattle farms, but has problems in terms of fulfilling animal feed nutrients. The majority of farmers provide feed in the form of dry rice straw, which is low in protein, vitamins, and minerals, and high in crude fiber. Based on these problems, this community service activity aims to provide counseling and training on the manufacture of Urea Molasses Block (UMB) to farmers. Urea Molasses Block (UMB) is an animal feed supplement that serves to improve the nutritional value of animal feed; digestion and digestibility of animal feed substances will be more efficient and improved; consumption of ruminant feed will increase, and avoid vitamin and mineral deficiencies. The methods used include field surveys, discussions with village officials, socialization to increase the knowledge of farmers about UMB, and training in making UMB which is followed in a participatory manner by the community. Trials of giving UMB to livestock by the community show UMB is favored by livestock and can increase animal feed consumption. Based on the activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded several things, namely (1) the training on making UMB has been successfully implemented with indicators of understanding and skills of cattle farmers increasing regarding UMB products and how to manufacture them, (2) UMB products produced are of sufficient quality and favored by livestock. , (3) further breeders wish to make UMB products independently for consumption by their own livestock, with the hope of increasing livestock productivity. Keywords: Urea Molasses Block, Livestock, Feed Supplement

Identification of the PLAG1 polymorphisms in Peranakan Ongole cattle population

Genetic factor plays a very important role in determining of cattle performance. A gene which is reported to be controlling cattle growth and body size is pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1). Therefore, the goal of this study was to identify PLAG1 polymorphisms in PO cattle population. A total of 43 unproductive PO cows from the slaughterhouse at Kebumen were used in this study. Blood samples were collected individually when the cattle were slaughtered. Furthermore, DNA genome was harvested from blood samples and used as DNA template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting g.48308 C>T, g.32212 (19 bp indel) and g.45233 T>C polymorphisms. g.48308 C>T and g.45233 T>C SNPs were genotyped using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and a 19 bp indel of PLAG1 was directly genotyped by observing PCR products. Both allele and genotype frequencies were calculated to test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) status. The results showed that g.48308 C>T SNP and 19 bp indel varied. Three genotypes of the g.48308 C>T SNP namely CC, CT and TT were found in this study and two genotypes (DD and DI) of 19 bp indel were also identified. Moreover, heterozygous CT genotype frequency of g.48308 C>T SNP was 0.51 and T allele frequency was 0.60. In term of 19 bp indel, DD genotype frequency was 0.88 and D allele frequency was 0.94. In conclusion, two polymorphisms of the PLAG1 were identified in PO cattle population.

Feed Intake and Feed Conversion Ratio of Ongole Crossbred Cattle Fattened at Different Ages and Feed

This research aimed to determine the effect of the dietary treatments and age on the fattening process in cattle. Thirty-six Ongole crossbred cattles were allotted into two different dietary treatments and three different age groups, with six replications for 24 weeks period, 4 weeks of preliminary followed by 20 weeks of data collection at the Beef Cattle Research Station (BCRS). The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 x 3 factorial. The cattle were placed in individual pens and had ad-libitum access to water and feed, the feeds were elephant grass and concentrate (25:75). The parameters observed were liveweight, DM intake, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, IOFC, and BCR. Liveweight was measured every fortnight and feed intakes were measured daily. The results showed that a 10% substitution of DGGS with cassava did not affect all parameters observed. Age did not affect the total gain. Total DM intake increased with age, although percentage of DM intake on liveweight and efficiency decreased with the increasing age. All parameters observed for 18 months old group were better than those in 30- and 42-months old groups. It was concluded that the fattening process at 18 months old PO cattle was the most profitable.
 Keywords: Ongole crossbred, cattle, intake, FCR, age

Ongole Crossbreeds conservation with the existence value approach and the willingness to pay farmers in Yogyakarta Indonesia

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the research was to identify and measure the value of existence, thus to analyze Willingness To Pay of farmer to keep the existence of Ongole Crossbreeds.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The research was conducted in the Independent Taruna Group, Ngemplak District, Sleman Regency with the consideration that it is a PO cattle group that has the largest number of members in Sleman Regency. Determination of respondents by census as many as 40 farmers. Data was collected through interviews using a questionnaire as a research instrument. The identification of the existence of the business includes the availability of inputs, the development of outputs and the accessibility of supporting PO cattle using a Likert scale. Testing the consistency of statement items is tested for validity and reliability. The Contingent Valuation method is used to estimate the Willingness to Pay of farmers in maintaining their business.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The value of business sustainability from the existence of input (0.896), output (0.985), and support (0.885) is in the high category. The largest WTP value is the purchase of young female cattle with an average value of IDR 14.500.000/head, followed by waste treatment of IDR. 11,509,000/year and parent insurance of IDR. 40,000/head/year. The aggregate value of the group's WTP is IDR. 1,350,000,000/year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Livestock groups can maintain the existence of PO cattle because of the support of business existence, utilization of dung waste to increase income, and Willingness To Pay farmers. On the other hand, government support to provide subsidies and Siwab or its extension Mandatory cattle breeding is maintained to maintain the presence of PO cattle</p>

Performance of Local Beef Cattle For Fattening with Sorinfer Feed After A Short Distance Transportation

Abstract A good quality of feed should be fed to the animal after transport. The objective of the research was to investigate the effect of sorinfer and commercial concentrate feed on feedlot performance of local beef cattle after short period of transportation. This study used 8 Ongole Crossbreed (PO) and 8 Local Crossbreed Cattle (SL) bull with average age of 18-30 months. The average body weight of Ongole and Local Crossbreed Cattle were 291.5±23.5 kg and 289.0±26.3 kg respectively. The bull was allotted into two treatment of feed namely Sorinfer and commercial concentrate feed. Parameter observed were body weight loss, recovery time, body weight after short fattening period, average daily gain, feed consumption and conversion. A factorial 2 × 2 design was used for data analysis. Result shows that average of body weight loss for both breed was 1,2%. Furthermore, recovery time for both breed was similar for 10 days. In addition, PO cattle with Sorinfer and commercial concentrate feed has higher body weight gain and final weight (P<0,05) compare to SL cattle. In conclusion, sorinfer feed was effective for recovery after transport for local beef cattle. However, sorinfer provide lower performance compare to commercial concentrate for short fattening period.

SNP g.1117G>A HSP70 Gene Polymorphism in Domestic Beef Cattle using PCR-RFLP Method

Abstract Temperature increases have detrimental impacts on livestock, such as decreased metabolism, reproduction, and performance. The response of livestock to heat stress can be shown by the expression of HSP70 gene. This study aims to identify the SNP g.1117G>A HSP70 gene polymorphism (HSP70|BanI) using the PCR-RFLP method. This study used 118 DNA samples of 5 breeds of cattle consisting of 20 heads of PO cattle, 20 heads of Madura cattle, 12 heads of Kuantan cattle, 53 heads of Bali cattle, and 13 heads of Pesisir cattle. The PCR-RFLP approach was used to analyze the diversity of the HSP70 gene. The enzyme used for cutting was BanI with forwarding primer 5‘-GAA AGG AAA AAA GAG ACA GA-3’ and reverse primers 5‘-AAT ACG CAG GAG TAG GTG GT-3’. The variation of the HSP gene was analyzed using allele frequency, genotype frequency, and level of heterozygosity. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-Square test on PopGen 32. HSP70 gene amplification resulted in 539 bp fragments and 2 alleles (A and G). The HSP70 gene consisted of three genotypes i.e., AA (475 bp), AG (475 bp, 369 bp, and 106 bp), and GG (369 bp and 106 bp). The highest allele frequency of the A allele was found in PO and G allele in Bali cattle. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the HSP70 gene in 5’ UTR (untranslated region) in local beef cattle was polymorphic.

Study of embryo transfer recipient factors based on the corpus luteum, endometrial thickness, and hormone levels in beef cattle in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Embryo transfer is a reproductive technology that shortens the generation interval between selection steps by producing a high percentage of donor progeny. The success of post­transfer pregnancy determines the success of the embryo transfer, but the implantation rate in Indonesia is not yet optimal; measures must be taken to improve the condition of the acceptor. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the diameter of the corpus luteum and endometrial thickness from local breed, age, parity status, body condition score (BCS) with its effect on progesterone levels and to determine the standard size of the corpus luteum and endometrium. Furthermore, the selected cows were in normal reproductive status. Therefore, they were rectally cycled, and ultrasound (USG) was used to measure the corpus luteum diameter and the wall thickness of the endometrium wall. In addition, blood samples were taken from 7-day-old cows in the oestrus cycle to determine the level of the hormone progesterone using the ELISA test. Of the 15 beef cattle, 9 are PO cattle, and 6 are crossbred cows. The results showed that endometrial thickness was a factor that had a positive correlation with progesterone levels. The highest level of progesterone in crossbreed cows of 12.9 ng/ml resulted in an endometrial thickness of 9 mm, while the highest level of progesterone in PO cattle with 13.8 ng/ml resulted in an endometrial thickness of 5 mm with the optimal standard of the best progesterone levels for PO beef cattle and crossbreed recipients are cows with endometrial thickness > 6 mm, 5 years old, and parity 2x calf. In conclusion, the reproductive status of the ovaries, corpus luteum, progesterone levels, and endometrial thickness are factors that must be considered in increasing the success rate of embryo transfer.

Expression of Myostatin Gene in Belgian Blue and Ongole Grade Crossbred Cattle

Investigating Myostatin (MSTN) as a potent inhibitor of skeletal muscle growth and development to produce excessive muscles is extremely essential for livestock breeding. This study aimed to analyze the expression of the MSTN gene and its relationships with genotype and phenotype (normal-muscled vs double-muscled) of Belgian Blue (BB) x Ongole Grade (PO) crossbred cattle. For that purpose, 12 animals from BB, PO, BB x PO F1, and BB x PO F2 cattle (3 animals each) raised at Balai Embrio Ternak (BET) Cipelang Bogor, West Java were used for blood sample collection. Genotyping analysis was performed using the PCR-RFLP method withprimer F: 5’-CTC TTC TTT CCT TTC CAT ACA GAC-3’ and R: 5’-AGG GGA AGA CCT TCC ATG TT-3’, while the MSTN gene expression was analyzed using the qPCR technique. As results, three genotypes: del.11/del.11, +/del.11, and +/+ were detected. The del.11/del.11 genotype, which showed a double-muscled phenotype was found in BB cattle and BB x PO F2 cattle. The +/del.11 genotype was found in BB x PO F1 cattle and BB x PO F2 cattle. The +/+ genotype, which showed a normal phenotype was only detected in PO cattle. There was a significant difference of the MSTN gene expression in the sampled animals among genotypes and between phenotypes (normal-muscled vs double muscled). The MSTN expression in animals with del.11/del.11 genotype was higher than that in animals with +/del11 and +/+ genotypes (P<0.05). Animals with +/+ genotype showed the lowest MSTN expression. It was concluded that double-muscled animals showed higher MSTN expression than normal-muscled animals.

KOMPARASI BOBOT POTONG, BOBOT KARKAS DAN PERSENTASE KARKAS PADA SAPI RANCAH DAN PERANAKAN ONGOLE BERDASARKAN MUTASI PADA GEN LEPTIN

Weight and percentage of the carcass are very important in beef cattle production because they are economic parameters, which describe the number of parts that can be consumed. This study aimed to determine the effect of mutations in R25C and R25H in the Leptin gene on slaughter weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage of Rancah and Ongole Grade cattle. The secondary data used were 4 genotypes in Rancah cattle, namely CC, CT, CA, and TT respectively, 6, 2, 4, and 2 heads, and 3 genotypes in Ongole Grade cattle, namely CC, CT, and CA, respectively. 4, 2, and 1 head. The data on slaughter weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage were 14 males of Rancah cattle aged 1.5 – 2.5 years, while data for PO cattle were obtained from 7 males of Ongole Grade 1.5 years old. Parameters measured were slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that genetic diversity in Rancah and PO cattle due to the R25C and R25H mutations in the Leptin gene was not differences in slaughter weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage.

Potential of Beef Cattle Breeding by Output Value-Based in Bayang Utara District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera

This study aimed to determine the potential of beef cattle breeding in Bayang Utara District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera. The material in this study included 135 farmers as respondents and 256 beef cattle. This research was descriptive-analytic using survey method with census data collection technique. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed the natural increase (NI) of beef cattle as a whole was 13.28% with the NI value of each breed of beef cattle were 50.00%, 19.23%, 16.67%, 13.01%, and 9.27% for Limousin Crossbred cattle, PO cattle, Brahman Cross cattle, Simmental Crossbred cattle, and Pesisir cattle, respectively. The net replacement rate (NRR) of male and female cattle is 75.18% and 174.76%, respectively. The estimated output of beef cattle was 13.28% of the population consisting of the remaining replacement male -1.39% and female 3.88% as well as 5.6% male and 5.19% rejected cattle with the output value of each breed beef cattle were 50.00% or 1 head for Limousin Crossbred, 16.67% or 5 heads for Brahman Cross cattle, 19.23% or 5 heads for PO cattle, 13.00% or 16 heads for Simmental Crossbred and 9.27% or 7 heads for Pesisir cattle. The estimated output value of beef cattle as a whole where beef cattle can be removed was 13.28% or 34 heads. The estimated value of livestock output could be used to consider the potential development of livestock breeding in an area so that there is a sustainable breeding program.