Lots Of Tips Research Articles

Chemo stratigraphic Profile of a Reservoir in Well “X” of Field “Y” Offshore Southern Gabon

In a bid to evaluate the elemental and mineralogical content of reservoir samples from the “X” well in the “Y” oil field offshore Southern Gabon, analyses were performed using XRD and XRF. The log view profile of the result inferred that Na, Mg, and Calcite were absent in the shallower series of the reservoir sandstones studied, this observation implies that they are soluble ions that had eroded and refer to warm and humid paleoclimate and a depositional environment that is arid, which corresponds to the continental crust as their source. The plot of Ti and FeO+Mg discriminate the deeper series of the reservoir sandstone samples from the shallower samples. The lower series showed heavier values which implies their origin from Oceanic Crust. These are also the pre-salt facies while the shallower series were more of continental origin and represent the post-salt facies.

Evaluation of magnetite as an indicator mineral for porphyry Cu exploration: a case study using bedrock and stream sediments at the Casino porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit, Yukon, Canada

The trace element composition of detrital magnetite grains recovered from six local streams around the Casino high-grade porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit, west-central Yukon, is compared with igneous and magmatic-hydrothermal magnetite recovered from mineralized and unmineralized host rocks at the deposit. Linear discriminant analysis of 12 elements (Mg, Al, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga and Ge) and plots of Ti v. Ni/Cr are used to discriminate between magmatic-hydrothermal magnetite from the potassic alteration zone and igneous magnetite from granodiorite and quartz monzonite hosting the deposit. Magmatic-hydrothermal magnetite with a trace element composition similar to that from the potassic alteration zone at Casino is identifiable in stream sediments draining the deposit. Copper in magmatic-hydrothermal magnetite, present as minute inclusions of sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite or substituted within the magnetite crystal lattice, is a strong indicator of Cu mineralization. We show that the chemical compositions of magnetite recovered from stream sediments can be used to explore for porphyry systems. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Applications of Innovations in Geochemical Data Analysis collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/applications-of-innovations-in-geochemical-data-analysis Supplementary material: Laser ablation data for major, minor and trace elements in magnetite from bedrock and stream sediment samples from Casino are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5896900

Approaches to a Growth Mindset

It’s a new year, and a new start, and a fantastic opportunity to put some good habits into place — to keep you healthy, and enjoying what you’re doing! Is it possible to do this stress-free? I believe it is, by planning positive strategies, and keeping an eye on your mindset and thought patterns. There are lots of tips and tricks in my book ‘The Resilience Plan for Healthcare Students’, but I’d love to share a few of my favourite with you!

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ТА ПРОВЕДЕННЯ СЕМІНАРІВ НА ПЛАТФОРМІ MOODLE

This article is dedicated to the problem of finding new teaching methods and activities for a student. Nowadays this issue is topical because traditional lectures, practices, and seminars need refreshing by implementing the innovative technology. The seminar is defined as a kind of practical class at university which implies independent research work. Students fulfill given tasks visually representing the material in the form of a summary, report, message, etc. The author’s idea comes from an item that teacher should take in consideration two vectors of skill development in the process of seminar modeling. They are specific skills in the special-topic sphere (math skills, etc.) and general independent researchers’ skills. The aim of our research is to create a procedure of conducting a modern seminar based on the platform Moodle. Moodle has been chosen as an open-source learning platform for MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) with a significantly enormous potential. The element named ‘Workshop’ can be created on this platform by setting some parameters by teachers. The most important thing is that an author takes into consideration a teacher’s goals and gives an efficient algorithm to adjust necessary parameters to particular goals. This procedure includes 4 phases, such as a setup phase, submission phase, assessment phase and grading evaluation. The main part of this article contains a lot of tips how to provide every phase with instructions, forms, criteria. The author doesn’t deal with using of other active Moodle-elements which ones are planned to be researched later.

Application of portable X-ray fluorescence analysis to characterize dolerite dykes at the Plutonic Gold Mine, Western Australia

The amphibolite-facies, Au-mineralized mafic rocks at the Plutonic Gold Mine are intruded by a suite of dolerite dykes of unknown age. The zones between these intrusive units often host significant Au mineralization. It is unclear whether this enrichment in Au mineralization is a function of the intrusion of the dolerites themselves or the influence of pre-existing structures (e.g. faults or shears). Geochemical characterization of the different microcrystalline dolerite units is important to the understanding of the structural architecture of the deposit and to the possible relationship of the dolerites to Au mineralization. The collection of a large geochemical dataset ( n = 497) from the dolerite dykes from across the deposit using portable X-ray fluorescence technology allows us to break them into four distinct geochemical groupings. Thus we can define their geometries with greater confidence than was possible using lithology alone. Traverses across individual dolerite dykes indicate that the chill margins are the most geochemically homogenous and most likely to represent the chemistry of the source magma. Plots of Ti v. Zr combined with principal component analysis (PCA) define four geochemically distinct suites of dolerites. By applying this understanding to dolerites in a small area of the deposit, a new interpretation was generated whereby significant amounts of rock that were previously modelled as being dolerite were reclassified as potential host-rock, thus increasing the potential for Au in this area.

Cultivation of Vitis vinifera L. in the light of former publications and today in Poland

In the countries of the Mediterranean Basin viticulture has been dealt with for centuries. It was known to the ancient civilizations of the Middle East and grapevines were widely planted in Greece and Rome. The vineyard was part of the utility garden, usually occupying large areas and at the same time being a connection with the landscape. Creeper vine was also used in decorative gardens as an ornamental plant for various types of buildings and garden structures. The Polish tradition of planting vineyards dates back to the Middle Ages and is mainly associated with the activities of monks, although it was not as common as in the countries of southern Europe. However, in Polish gardening literature and in the literature that describes the development of the art of gardening, you can find lots of tips on how to grow grapevines, their varieties and the descriptions of the vineyards.

Corrosion Initiation Projection for Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides: Part 2—Corrosion-Resistant Bars

Abstract A companion paper (Part 1) introduced a protocol whereby time-to-corrosion, Ti, of reinforcing steel in concrete exposed to chlorides is calculated as a distributed, rather than discrete, parameter. The method consists of, first, considering that identically exposed, electrochemically independent elements comprise the concrete of interest and, second, inputting distribution functions for surface Cl− concentration (Cs), the effective diffusion coefficient (D), concrete cover over the reinforcement (x), and the critical Cl− concentration threshold to initiate corrosion (CT) into a governing equation from which the fraction of elements that have initiated corrosion is calculated for a specific exposure time. Upon repeating the calculation for different times, a cumulative distribution function (CDF) plot of Ti is constructed. In the Part 1 paper, the protocol was applied to black bar (BB) reinforcement; however, with advent of life-cycle cost considerations and specified bridge design lives of 75 ye...

Corrosion Initiation Projection for Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides: Part 1—Black Bars

Abstract A protocol is described whereby time-to-corrosion, Ti, of reinforcing steel in concrete exposed to chlorides is calculated as a distributed, rather than a discrete, parameter. The method consists of inputting distribution functions for surface Cl− concentration (Cs), the effective diffusion coefficient (D), concrete cover over the reinforcement (x), and the critical Cl− concentration threshold to initiate active corrosion (CT) into a governing, first-principles equation from which the fraction of identically exposed, electrochemically independent elements that has initiated corrosion is calculated at a specific time. By doing this for multiple times, a cumulative distribution function (CDF) plot of Ti is developed. Example analyses were performed based upon either literature or assumed distributed Cs, D, x, and CT data. The results indicate that reinforced concrete durability should be characterized not simply in terms of the time at which reinforcement corrosion occurs initially, as is normally the case, but also by the rate at which active corrosion subsequently commences for the remaining passive elements. Further, an important but often overlooked aspect of how Cs is determined or chosen for diffusion analyses in concrete is emphasized. Advantageous attributes of this methodology in which influential variables are distributed are discussed and comparisons made to the more traditional discrete parameter approach.

Cenozoic volcanism of the Capel-Faust Basins, Lord Howe Rise, SW Pacific Ocean

New bathymetry, geophysical data and samples were acquired in 2007 during a marine reconnaissance survey using the R.V. Tangaroa in the frontier Capel and Faust basins, Lord Howe Rise (LHR) by Geoscience Australia as part of the Australian Government’s Offshore Energy Security Program. This survey identified a number of volcanic features including cones, flows and sill-related features on the seafloor. Based on analysis of seismic data and swath bathymetry, there are at least two distinct ages of volcanism exposed on the seafloor; Late Miocene–Pliocene cones with a largely unmodified conical shape and Eocene–Oligocene volcanic features. The Middle Miocene Gifford Guyot, part of the Lord Howe seamount chain was included in the survey area. Volcanic features are common on the seafloor of the LHR and in the neighbouring Tasman Basin, with two identified north–south seamount hotspot chains to the west of the Capel-Faust region that have been active from the Miocene to recent. The previously completed ZoNéCo 5 swath-mapping, seismic and sampling survey also identified a few small conical seamounts on the northern LHR, along a roughly north-northwest trend, dated as Early Miocene. The younger Capel-Faust seamounts are aligned with these and the age relationships suggest they could be part of a single seamount chain. The older cones do not show any preferred alignment within the survey area and are too old to be related to the current hotspot activity in the region. Samples are variably altered but trace element abundances of all dredged mafic rocks indicate they are alkalic basalt. Samples from the younger cones can be differentiated from each other and from the Gifford Guyot on a plot of Ti, Sr and Tb/Yb reflecting different source depths or degrees of partial melting. A comparison of pyroxene from the older more altered cones and the younger cones shows that these most likely represent two distinct magmatic events and that the younger cones are similar to the ZoNéCo 5 seamounts.

Protocol for Projecting Time-to-Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete Exposed to Chlorides

Abstract A protocol is described whereby time-to-corrosion, Ti, of reinforcing steel in concrete exposed to chlorides was calculated as a distributed, rather than discrete, parameter. The method consists of inputting (1) an average value for surface [Cl−] and the effective diffusion coefficient, (2) the mean and standard deviation of concrete cover over the reinforcement, and (3) a distribution function for the critical Cl− threshold concentration to initiate corrosion, CT, based upon values previously reported. The calculation result is a cumulative distribution function (CDF) plot of Ti. Example analyses were performed based upon a range of design and material property values of the above parameters for both past and representative, present-day bridge decks and marine bridge substructures. Results for corrosion-resistant reinforcement are compared with those for black bar. It is proposed that reinforced concrete durability should be characterized not simply in terms of the time at which corrosion initia...

Tips and Tricks Learnt by a Sasakawa Foundation Scholar in an HPB Unit in Japan

Recently I was fortunate to visit one of the leading centres in Japan as a scholarship recipient for training in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery at the University of Tokyo Hospital. The Unit is headed by Professor Masatoshi Makuuchi who leads an inspired and motivated team that offer a state of the art HPB and liver transplant service. During my time on the team, I learned lot of tips and tricks from my Japanese colleagues, which are outlined below. For purposes of this manuscript, these are limited to liver surgery.

Letter to the Editor

Nurse Author & EditorVolume 9, Issue 2 p. 4-4 Letter to the EditorFree Access Letter to the Editor First published: 01 June 1999 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-4910.1999.tb00418.xAboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Dear Editor: I came to the ONLINE Nursing Editors'™ home page, hoping to get an idea of what the possibilities were for a beginning nursing writer. I wanted to see which magazines were there, if I was familiar with them, and if I might have something to offer. Plus, I was looking for guidance in how to submit a manuscript or author guidelines. I had subscribed to Nurse Author & Editor for a year and got a lot of tips. I noticed that Nursing was on the list of journals on the ONLINE Nursing Editors'™ web page. I like that magazine and decided to start there with a query on a short article on how nurses can support their patients spiritually. I got an immediate reply from the Editor and ultimately had a side bar of my material accepted, as they had a larger article on spirituality and nursing, which they were already working on. In the process of talking about that article, the Editor proposed another article. We had a number of exchanges of what the article might look like and it has also been accepted. I wrote that article with a friend and we are about to begin the editorial process. The home page made it so easy! And I found it simpler to write a query on-line and get the editor's feedback so quickly. I have a masters degree in nursing, am a doctoral student at the California Institute of Integral Studies in California, and am on the faculty of University of Phoenix and California State University, San Bernardino. This web page helped me find the right journal for my publication.—Marilyn Stoner, RN, MSN. Editor's Reply: Great! I am glad you were able to query the editors on line from our web page. Getting two acceptances is terrific! —Suzanne Hall Johnson, MN, RN,C, CNS, Editor, Nurse Author & Editor. (Note: The web page sponsored by Nurse Author & Editor, where you can query over 100 nursing editors on-line, can be found from the “ONLINE Nursing Editors” link on our home page at http://members.aol.com/suzannehj/hello.htm.) References 1 American Medical Association. (1989). Manual of Style ( 8th ed.), Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins. 2 American Psychological Association. (1994). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association ( 4th ed.), Washington, DC: APA. 3F. A. Davis (1996). F. A. Davis Company Editorial Style Manual, Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company. 4Miller, C. & Swift, K. (1988). The handbook of nonsexist writing, New York: Lippincott. Volume9, Issue2Spring 1999Pages 4-4 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Ti-V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolitic lavas

Plots of Ti vs. V for many modern volcanic rock associations are diagnostic of tectonic setting and can be used to determine possible tectonic settings of ophiolites as well. The basis of this plot is the variation in the crystal/liquid partition coefficients for vanadium, which range with increasing oxygen fugacity from > 1 to ≪ 1. Since the partition coefficients for Ti are almost always ≪ 1, the depletion of V relative to Ti is a function of the fO2 of the magma and its source, the degree of partial melting, and subsequent fractional crystallization. Volcanic rocksfrom modern island arcs have Ti/V ratios of ⩽20, except for calc-alkaline volcanics which show the effects of magnetite fractionation. MORB and continental flood basalts have Ti/V ratios of about 20–50 and alkaline rocks have Ti/V generally >50. Back-arc basinbasalts may have either arc-like or MORB-like Ti/V ratios, and sample suites from single back-arc basins may have Ti/V ratios ranging from 10 to 50. This range in Ti/V ratios in samples from a restricted geographical area may be diagnostic of the back-arc setting. The Ti/V plot is applied here to published data on ophiolites from a variety of postulated settings and in general supports the conclusions of previous investigators. Ophiolites from the western Mediterranean (Corsica, northern Apennines) and the “lower” Karmoy volcanics have Ti/V trends similar to MORB; the “upper” Karmo'y volcanics have alkaline Ti/V ratios. Lavas and tonalites in the Papuan ultramafic belt, the high-Mg andesites of Cape Vogel, and the upper pillow lavas at Troodos all have Ti/V ratios < 20, consistent with formation in an island arc setting. More specific evaluation of the tectonic setting of these and otherophiolites requires application of detailed geologic and petrologic data as well as geochemistry. The Ti/V discrimination diagram, however, is a potentially powerful adjunct to these techniques.

Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ti, and REE in Grenville amphibolites at Montauban-les-Mines, Quebec

Distribution of Ti, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, and REE in Proterozoic amphibolites and a rarely preserved pillowed metabasalt in the vicinity of Pb–Zn mineralization at Montauban-les-Mines in the Grenville Province of Quebec are used to assess the tectonic setting of the volcanism and, hence, the environment of ore deposition. Absolute abundances of Ti, Sr, Y, Zr, and Nb are close to those reported for modem island-arc and back-arc basalts. The flat patterns of the chondrite-normalized REE distribution and the discrimination plots of the other elements indicate a tholeiitic affinity for the volcanism. Specifically, plots of Ti against Zr and Ti–Zr–Y are mostly in the fields reported for ocean-floor (MOR and back-arc) basalts, but overlap with arc tholeiites. Cr and Ni are, however, higher than for most arc tholeiites. Overall, the data are most compatible with tholeiitic volcanism in an island-arc (including back-arc) environment.

Comments on the use of Ti, Zr, Y, Sr, K, P and Nb in classification of basaltic magmas

The distribution of Ti, Zr, Y, Sr, K, P and Nb has been investigated at 55 sample sites within a single basaltic flow, the Cliefden Outcrop, which has adjusted to low-grade metamorphism of the prehnite-pumpellyite facies. The cluster of points in the plot of Ti, Zr and Y as proposed by Pearce and Cann shows that the ratio of these elements has remained relatively constant after metamorphism and would therefore have significance in attempts at classification of magma type. Likewise a plot involving Nb, Y, Zr and P as proposed by Floyd and Winchester shows only restricted scatter and appears useful. However, plots involving Sr or K show a scatter that is clearly related to metamorphic processes. Consequently, plots involving these two elements are likely to be of little use in classification in this case. Low-grade metamorphism is common, variable and not always recognized. The study concerned one style of alteration and revealed problems in the application of some classification schemes. Consequently it is apparent that much more rigorous testing is needed before classification schemes can be generally applied to sequences of basaltic rocks.

Apollo 12 spinels as petrogenetic indicators

Texturally, the two hundred basic igneous rock fragments we have examined from soil samples 12001, 12032, 12033, 12037 and 12070 fall in a smoothly continuous sequence from vitrophyres through variolitic and subophitic basalts to coarse equigranular gabbros exhibiting cumulate texture. Spinel compositional data from a variety of these fragments, and from four NASA Apollo 12 crystalline rocks are consistent with the textural suggestion that most of this variety has resulted from differentiation that followed extrusion onto the lunar surface. As in earlier studies, spinels from all rock types indicate a complete solid solution between aluminous chromite and ulvöspinel. Early crystallizing spinels are Mg and Cr rich, and are often enclosed wholly or in part by olivine and pigeonite phenocrysts. Ulvöspinel occurs as overgrowths over chromite, and as discrete anhedral interstitial grains. On plots of Ti/(Cr + Al + 2Ti) vs. Fe/(Fe + Mn + Mg), spinels from the finer grained basalts fall on nearly identical curves formed essentially of two straight line segments with strongly different slope. Compositional variation in early chromites is largely in Fe/Mg reflecting the change in the melt's composition caused by the early crystallization of olivine and pigeonite. Later spinels show variation dominated by the substitution of Ti + (Mg, Fe) for 2 (Cr + Al). Spinels in the coarse gabbros fall on straight lines parallel to, and generally more Mg-rich than the portions of the curves for the fine grained basalts where Ti/Cr is the dominant variation. The results are consistent with the idea that the coarse cumulate gabbros have formed by early crystallization from a flow whose surface, and near-surface layers are represented by the vitrophyres and fine grained basalts, respectively.

The role of titanium and the effect of TiO2 on the cell-size, refractive index, and specific gravity in the andradite-melanite-schorlomite series

SummaryNew chemical analyses, cell-sizes, and specific gravities are given for 12 garnets, and TiO2 values, cell-sizes, and refractive indices are presented for a further 33 garnets all belonging to the andradite-melanite-schorlomite series. The increase of refractive index, cell-size, and specific gravity with increasing titania is shown graphically. A plot of Ti against Si atoms in the unit cell suggests that Ti replaces Si rather than Fe3+ in the structure, while electron-probe results indicate that Si or (Si+Fe) may be replaced by Ti. The chemical and infra-red absorption data are considered in a discussion of the structural role of titanium in these garnets : both Ti4+ and Ti3+ may be present.