Plaza De La Research Articles

P-2299. Febrile neutropenia in cancer: a retrospective analysis in a dominican tertiary hospital

Abstract Background Febrile neutropenia (FN) poses a significant threat to cancer patients, often leading to severe infections. This study aims to characterize the epidemiology and sources of infection among hospitalized cancer patients experiencing FN at Hospital General de la Plaza De la Salud. By elucidating these factors, we strive to enhance patient care and outcome within our context. Source: Statistical registry of the authors. Methods We conducted a retrospective study at a 289-beds in a tertiary care center in the Dominican Republic from March 2021 to March 2024, assessing 258 hospitalized patients with severe neutropenia. 42 cancer patients met the inclusion criteria (absolute neutrophil count less than 500 cells/µL and fever greater than 38.3°C) and data was collected reviewing the eCharts. Source: Statistical registry of the authors. Results 24 patients were male (57.1%), with a median age of 44 (IQR=27). 34 (80.9%) patients had hematologic malignancy, with acute myeloid leukemia being the most common (n=19; 45.2%), followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n=7; 16.7%). Cause of fever was identified for 28 patients, which included bacteremia (13/28; 30.9%), respiratory tract infection (7/28; 16.7%), skin and soft tissue infection (5/28; 11.9%) and others (3/28; 10.7%). An etiological agent was documented in 20 cases, of which the most common was bacterial (15/20;75%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6/15; 40%), Escherichia coli (5/15; 33.3%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (2/15; 20%), 4/20 (20%) were viral; 3/4 due to SARS-COV2 and 1/4 due to dengue, and 1/20 (5%) had Candida albicans. 14 (33.3%) patients had fever of unknown origin. 24/42 patients (68%) had a MASCC score < 21. Mortality rate was 30.9% (n=13), of which 12 (92%) had a MASCC score < 21 (p=0.02). p=0.33. Source: Statistical registry of the authors. Conclusion This study emphasizes how infectious complications greatly impact cancer patients experiencing febrile neutropenia, especially those with hematologic malignancies. Bacterial infections, notably Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, are prevalent, highlighting the urgency of precise diagnostic methods for tailored antimicrobial treatment. The link between low MASCC scores and higher mortality rates focuses the importance of this risk assessment tool in guiding clinical decisions. These findings stress the necessity for improved multidisciplinary strategies to enhance the outlook for this vulnerable patient group. MASCC risk vs outcome p=0.02 Source: Statistical registry of the authors. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Carbapenem resistance in the Dominican Republic: clinical characteristics, genotypic profiles, and risk factors

Abstract Objective: To characterize the clinical and microbiological features of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) compared to carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE) in the Dominican Republic (DR), and to assess risk factors associated with CRE. Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: Hospital General Plaza de la Salud, a tertiary teaching hospital in Santo Domingo, DR, from January 2015 to June 2024. Patients: Patients with CRE infections were identified from microbiology records. For each year, a matched group of CSE cases was selected at a 2.5:1 ratio. A total of 101 CRE cases and 280 CSE cases were included. Methods: Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, infection sources, hospital stay duration, antibiotic use, and microbiology results. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for CRE. Results: CRE cases showed higher prevalence of Enterobacter (36.5%) and Klebsiella (38.5%), while Escherichia predominated in CSE (65.5%). CRE patients had longer hospital stays (mean 18.7 vs 4.6 days, P < 0.001), higher ICU admission rates (34.7% vs 3.6%, P < 0.001), and increased invasive procedure use (eg central venous catheters, 36.6% vs 5.4%, P < 0.001). Key risk factors included antibiotic use (OR 3.09, P < 0.001) and ICU stay (OR 3.60, P= 0.012). The peak CRE resistance rate was 3.47% in 2022, a 64% increase from pre-pandemic levels. Conclusions: CRE infections in the DR increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, associated with prolonged hospitalizations and critical care. Enhanced antimicrobial stewardship is essential to curb resistance.

Pedestrian Accessibility Analysis of Sidewalk-Specific Networks: Insights from Three Latin American Central Squares

Limited research from the Global South has examined pedestrian accessibility to key destinations, particularly while considering efficient and practical sidewalk-specific conditions. This study employs a case-based approach, scrutinising walking access to three central squares, Mexico City’s Zocalo, Lima’s Plaza San Martin, and Buenos Aires’ Plaza de la República, within a 10-min walking radius. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Google Street View (GSV) were leveraged to conduct a virtual street audit, assessing six microscale features influencing the walking experience (kerb ramps, pavement continuity, sidewalk width, well-maintained sidewalks, active uses, and green spaces). These data facilitated the construction of a genuine pedestrian network and allowed the assessment of three-tiered pedestrian accessibility models that comprised easy access, comfortable routes, and vibrant walks. The findings reveal significant spatial inequities in pedestrian access. About 10% of buildings near Mexico City’s and Lima’s central squares lack pedestrian accessibility due to inadequate and interrupted sidewalk and crosswalk infrastructure, disproportionately impacting those with mobility limitations. Conversely, Buenos Aires exhibits better pedestrian facilities, with accessible, comfortable, and lively routes reaching approximately 20% of buildings surrounding the Plaza de la República. These results underscore the significant disparities in street infrastructure and networks within these historic neighbourhoods, emphasising the imperative for more inclusive, pedestrian-friendly urban planning in Latin American cities.

An artist in public square

At the intersection between the City, the Urban and the Human, between artistic and scientific knowledge, this text is placed, proposing the superposition of distinct forces acting on a given public space. The most emblematic place is the Plaza de la Constitución (or el Zócalo, as it is popularly known): the largest and oldest square in the center of Mexico City. This urban space gains new layers and dynamics through the poetic actions of the Belgian-Mexican artist, Francis Alÿs, who develops part of his work there. The article presents four of these actions, carried out between 1994 and 1999, and discusses its capacity for tensioning the temporalities at stake in the created situations and for provoking critical and political thinking about the sociabilities and urban identities that agitate there. Alÿs's set of artistic interventions will be debated through Lefebvre's theoretical legacy and the notion of the right to the city; de Rancière's and the relationship between aesthetics and politics; de Deleuze and Guattari's regarding agenciamentos e territorializations. The authors will help to structure an analysis matrix and thus launch possible readings about the contributions of the artist and his actions to the public space, working from the contemporary to talk about the many times that make up the now.

559. Results of the implementation of a molecular pneumonia panel at a hospital in the Dominican Republic: expanding the scope of detection and management

Abstract Background Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) have been associated to significant morbidity and mortality. Conventional microbiology methods often fail to identify the etiological agent due to lack of sensitivity or viral or fastidious pathogens. Pneumonia molecular diagnostics is able to expand the scope of pathogens detected, therefore, we describe our experience in the incorporation of this method, the difference in etiological identification and clinical decision making. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 75 patients with Filmarray pneumonia panel from November 2020 to September 2022. We described demographics, co-morbid conditions, outcomes and correlation with standard cultures in patients who were admitted with LRTI at the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, a 289-bed tertiary teaching hospital in the Dominican Republic. Results Amongst the 75 patients, 56.6% were male and the average age was 51 years old. The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (81.6%), hypertension (40.8%) and nephropathy (10.5%). The panels had a positivity rate of 74.6% (56/75) versus a 35% (14/40) seen in cultures. The most frequent microbial targets detected were S. aureus (18%), P. aeruginosa (14,3%) and K. pneumoniae group (10%) and at least one antimicrobial resistance gene was detected in 50% (28/56), distributed as MecA/C and MREJ (35%), CTX-M (38%), KPC (10%), NDM (10%), VIM (8%), IMP (8%) and OXA-48 like (3%). A positive culture was most likely to occur when the number of copies/mL in the panel was ≥ 10˄5 (p-value < 0.001). A viral target was detected in 21 patients (28%) alone or coinfecting with a bacterial agent. Conclusion Not only did the pneumonia panels allow an earlier detection of the etiological agent, but they also identified more pathogens compared to cultures. This enabled targeted management by reducing the unnecessary use of antimicrobials as well as activating infection control measures when necessary (i.e Influenza). The results seen in this study, along with the expanded scope of pathogens detected, will definitely serve as an update into our current LRTI hospital guidelines. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Personal exposure from free Wi-Fi hotspots in downtown Mexico City.

In 2019, the Government of Mexico City implemented actions that allowed citizens to approach a free Wi-Fi hotspot, where more than 13000 points have been installed throughout the city. In this work, we present the results of the measurements of personal exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields carried out in Plaza de la Constitución, better known as Zócalo located in the center of Mexico City. The measurements were taken by one of the researchers while walking on a weekday morning and afternoon, in different microenvironments (on the street, on public transport: subway, at the Zócalo, and finally, at home). We also carry out spot measurements in the center of the Zócalo. Subsequently, we carried out a comparative analysis of the different microenvironments, through box plot and violin plot, and we elaborate georeferenced and interpolated maps with intensity levels through the Kriging method, using the Geographic Information System. The Kriging interpolation gives us a good visualization of the spatial distribution of RF-EMF exposure in the study area, showing the highest and lowest intensity levels. The mean values recorded at the measured points in the Zócalo were 326 μW/m2 in the 2.4- to 2.5-GHz Wi-Fi band and 2370 μW/m2 in the 5.15- to 5.85-GHz Wi-Fi band. In the case of the mean values recorded on the street, they were 119 μW/m2 in the 2.4- to 2.5-GHz frequency band and 31.8 μW/m2 in the 5.15- to 5.85-GHz frequency band, like the values recorded at home, 122 μW/m2 and 33.9 μW/m2, respectively. All values are well below the reference levels established by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection.

Between Propaganda and Dissent: Postmodern Architecture in Pinochet’s Chile

Postmodern forms and tendencies that appeared in Chilean architecture in the 1970s not only overlapped with Augusto Pinochet’s neoliberal dictatorship that lasted from 1973 to 1990 but also are closely connected to the political and economic vision fostered by the dictatorship. Postmodern forms found in banks, hotels, and other commercial buildings and spaces populating Chilean cities in the seventies and eighties aided the government’s political agenda as they helped to normalize painful neoliberal reforms and create an image of prosperity and progress. Moreover, in projects such as the Plaza de la Constitución in Santiago de Chile (1980–1982) and the Congreso Nacional de Chile in Valparaíso (1988–1990), postmodern aesthetics and philosophy were used to project an image of an open democratic country. In these realizations, postmodern tropes such as the symbolic potential of architectural form and references to architectural tradition were used to fabricate a vision of history and society desired by the Pinochet government. Simultaneously, the same architectural currents embraced by Pinochet for propagandistic purposes were utilized by Chilean architects who considered themselves opposed to the dictatorship. This can be seen in the work of CEDLA (Centro de Estudios de la Arquitectura, Center for Architectural Studies), an independent collective of Chilean architects established in 1977 in Santiago de Chile. The members of CEDLA promoted a version of a politically and socially engaged postmodernism that could counter the neoliberal agenda of Pinochet. This paper discusses both ways in which postmodernism was interpreted in Chile during the dictatorship. Investigating Chilean postmodernism helps us rethink the dominant portrayal of postmodernism as politically indifferent or conservative and as part of Jameson’s ‘cultural logic of late capitalism’.

Mexican Food: (an essay presented to the Tucson Literary Club, March 16, 2015)

Mexican Food(an essay presented to the Tucson Literary Club, March 16, 2015) Joseph C. Wilder (bio) If you have lived long enough around here—that is, Tucson, Arizona, and various points nearby—you will have experienced the singular and enduringly devastating loss occasioned by the death of a favorite Mexican restaurant. I grew up in the fifties in Tucson, and I have a keen appreciation for a very particular food of my childhood and youth, a kind of Mexican food that has been fairly eclipsed and, who knows, might not stand up to the present-day competition. But for me, it remains a standard against which I judge the plate before me. Sometimes a restaurant can open and close and a half century can go by before its tales are revealed. There is always a significance, sometimes lasting, to these human endeavors, however obscure. We remember and our lives are so formed by these memories and the understandings of self and world they indicate. They constitute for us our history in place, writ small, but with importance and value and rich in human meaning. Out of this well of memory we construe our biographies and assemble a history of place. Possibly my earliest memory in this lineage is being happily sandwiched in somewhere between mother and father or mother and siblings, the youngest, my eyes virtually level with the tabletop, eating at El Charro on Broadway, across the street from Ronquillo's Bakery and the gazebo in the Plaza de la Mesilla, Kippy's, the bus station, and Pat's. I always ordered a beef tamale—yes, I know, "tamal" chronically mispronounced, but nonetheless… There must have been years and years of tamales, before I graduated to the harder stuff: that being, of course and invariably, no matter the venue, the classic Number 2 Combination: cheese enchilada, taco, tamale, and rice and beans. The food was different elsewhere. In New Mexico it struck my young palate as weird, enchiladas swimming in heavy, crude red chile sauce—stacked, [End Page 572] not rolled—no bean tostadas, plates of chile, red and green, and too, too hot and lacking a certain refinement. In California the food was bizarre: tasteless, smothered in cheddar cheese, pretty to look at, impossible to eat, digging through piles of shredded lettuce, surmounted by heaps of yellow cheese. But at home, in the heartland of Arizona, it was done just right, according to an unsophisticated boy, who would dream of his next plate. Years and years later, starving in Europe during my so-called teenage gap year when I searched out a penniless existence to better taste the true essence of life, my mother merrily wrote to me (the only and slow way of communication, you may recall) "I bet you wish you had a bean burro right now." I did. Oh, I did. In high school in the late sixties, the treat for me (maybe I had aced a test or maybe it was judged I had gone too long without) was to be taken to Tia Elena's on Grant—first the original, later the replacement down the block—with its incredible architectural sculptures like something out of The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. In the original you would sit in a hall-like narrow room with the fantastic sculptures snaking up the walls and looming over you, like a well-lit cavern. The Number 2 Combo, if I recall correctly—and I do—was $1.65. The loss of Tia Elena's many years later remains particularly painful—couldn't they find someone in the family to carry on?mm,, The other beacons of my life were reserved for road trips. To paraphrase the great American folk poet Donald Rumsfeld, there are known knowns and unknown unknowns and Sofia's in Casa Grande, a definite known known, was called on whenever we traveled somewhere plausibly near, to Phoenix for example. I have distinct memories stretching into middle and late youth of stopping at Sofia's a block off the main drag through town—you could see their sign, like a big fountain, above the rooftop line—and parking next to this big warehouse of an...

Making the road as we go...

From the early beginnins of the psychologi-cal assistance team of Madres de la Plaza de Mayo, the authors reflect on the challenges working during the Argentinian dictatorship and the importance of emerging international networks of exchanged support.

IDF21-0272 Glycemic Variability in patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the ICU

Background: Glycemic variability (GV) is the measure of fluctuations in plasma glucose. An association between mortality and GV is evident in patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). There are several indices for evaluating GV, including the coefficient of variation (CV). The evidence of GV as a possible prognostic factor in ICU patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 is scarce and heterogeneous. Aim: Determine the probable impact of Glycemic Variability in patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted in the ICU. Method: An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted. Glycemic variability was evaluated in 324 patients, admitted to the ICU with diagnosis of Sars-CoV-2 between March - December 2020 at Hospital General Plaza de la Salud. Analysis included: sociodemographic, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, need for ventilatory support and mortality. For the calculation of the GV, “EasyGV'' version 9.0, a free software of the University of Oxford, was used. The exclusion criteria were intermittent glucose monitoring of less than 7 determinations and the diagnosis of Sars-CoV-2 without PCR. Results: A total of 324 patients (average age 62.7±14.9 years; 65.4% men; 34.6% women) were analyzed. They were divided into groups with low GV, (CV<36%; 68.8%, N=223) and with high GV, (CV>36%; 31.1%, N=101), patients with high GV had a higher frequency of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with 78.2% (79), compared to the group with low GV with 39.0% (87), renal insufficiency was present in the group with low GV in 17.4% (39) vs 41.5% (42) in the group with high GV. The average sum of comorbidities was 2.03 in the group with low GV and 2.3 in the group with high GV. Frequency of mortality in group with high GV, was 47.5% (48) vs 29.1% (65) in the group with low GV. There was no significant difference in the total number of days hospitalized in the ICU, however, in the total number of days hospitalized, patients with low GV had an average of 9.4 ±5.8 days, compared to the group with high GV 11.2 ±6.6 days. The need for ventilatory support in the group with high GV was 37.6% (38), compared to the group with low GV 28.2% (63). The APACHE had an average score in the group with Low GV of a 9.13 vs 9.6 of the high GV group. The SOFA had an average score in the group with Low GV of a 6.7 against a 6.6 of the high GV group. Discussion: For Chao et al, 2020, the mortality results in patients admitted to the ICU were similar to those of this study, 36.7% (high GV Group) vs. 26.6% (Low GV Group). It is necessary to include intermittent glucose monitoring in the follow-up of hospitalized patients due to its impact on their outcome, after showing that a CV ≥36% in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a greater need for ventilatory support, longer hospital stay and greater mortality. Further research is required to evaluate GV as a prognostic factor to be considered.

Refining the absolute chronology of Teotihuacan (Mesoamerica): New archaeomagnetic datings of fire footprints

Teotihuacan is considered as the best planned and largest pre-Hispanic city in Mesoamerica. One of the causes, related to the decline of the Teotihuacan, is the so-called “Big Fire”. However, associated chronological constraints are still poorly defined. Here, we report new archaeomagnetic dates of three burned walls located in the Plaza de la Luna vicinity, considered as the last construction stage of Teotihuacan. Detailed rock-magnetic and absolute archaeointensity studies were performed on 24 samples allowing to determine both mean directions and absolute intensities. Magnetic dating using full geomagnetic vector provided a time interval between 327 and 441 CE as the best estimate of the last fire exposure of studied footprints. This new data, in combination with previous results, suggest that Teotihuacán experienced various fire episodes probably caused and controlled during public acts loaded with symbolic values, such as the rituals for the termination of a cycle or those related to the beginning of a new constructive stage.

Disrupted and Unsettled: An Introduction to Monuments, Memorials, and Italian Migrations

Disrupted and Unsettled: An Introduction to Monuments, Memorials, and Italian Migrations

Civil resistance against military dictatorships: People power in Bolivia

Civil resistance has had a crucial role in promoting social, political, and economic change throughout the world. During the period of dictatorships in South America, civil resistance through the use of nonviolent methods was implemented by Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo (Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo) to address human rights violations, which eventually led to campaigns to demand democracy in Argentina. The military dictatorship of Pinochet in Chile also fell to the nonviolent campaigns and people power movements. Bolivia presents another case on the effectiveness of civil resistance against not only military dictatorships but also to demand the comeback of democracy. This article examines how civil resistance was implemented in Bolivia during the period of military dictatorships from 1964 to 1982. Once in power, the military dictatorships began to target workers and their union leaders, student organizations and leftist politicians driving them underground and into exile. State violence was used to repress opposition groups from all sectors and even the press. Security forces to include paramilitary groups were behind a series of kidnappings, tortures and killing of activists. To curb the state violence, union workers, miners, indigenous/campesino group, political leaders, and university students began a series of coordinated nonviolent methods, such as hunger strikes, road blockades, mass protests and marches. This article describes the benefits and outcomes of civil resistance showing how these nonviolent techniques and strategies were used to fight against military dictatorships and led the country back onto the path of re-democratization.

Memorializing monuments: State space and state rollback under neo-liberalization in Mexico

Recent contributions to urban geography have considered state space by innovatively focusing on specific cases of the city built environment. Examples could include here Karl Schlögel’s slicing through the spaces of state power in Moscow 1937 or Yuri Slezkine’s methodological cue to read the saga of the Russian Revolution across time in The House of Government. This article adds to the methodological insights of urban researchers by honing in on the Monument to the Revolution in Mexico City, in order to consider its role as a socially produced, conflictual and dynamically changing site in the struggle over public space and its memorialization. Since its opening in 1938, the Monument to the Revolution at Plaza de la República has been a pivotal fulcrum of state power in abetting the changing geography of state space. Equally, the site has experienced contradictions and differences stemming from socially produced space across time, in the form of periods of state crisis and, most recently, state ‘rollback’ and ‘rollout’ under neo-liberalization. This article addresses both neo-liberalizing and differential structures of feeling as they bear on the space at the Monument to the Revolution. It does so by situating the Monument to the Revolution within the urban question and how neo-liberalization has unlocked local and aesthetic meanings that have become commodified, not least through the extraction of monopoly rents. Further, the article spotlights simultaneous contemporary contestations of state power and impulses of socio-spatial struggle over difference articulated in and around Plaza de la República at the monument. In so doing, the article contributes an important pedagogical focus on both homogenizing and differential structures of feeling inscribed in spaces of capitalism in the twenty-first century.

Intradural Intramedullary Capillary Hemangioma: A Case Report

Capillary hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors frequently reported when their location is in the skin or soft tissues. However, when the location is intradural and intramedullary, location becomes an extremely rare pathology. We present a 47-year-old male patient attended by the neurosurgery department of the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, with an imaging finding of a nodular lesion at the level of T3 measuring 1.2 x 1.3 x 1.3 cm. During surgery, an exophytic lesion is evidenced by durotomy, very vascularized, whose anatomopathological and immunohistochemical report confirms the diagnosis of capillary hemangioma.

Surgical Experience with Normothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass- 3 Years of History: Retrospective Case Series of 50 Patients

Introduction: Numerous beneficial mechanisms have been linked to normothermic open cardiac surgical procedures. The objective of our research is the evaluation of the experience in the Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, after 50 cases, as a propitious moment to assume it as an option Pursues to nurture the debate with the evaluation of patients who underwent different open cardiac surgical procedures using normothermia. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, case series study, which includes a sample of 50 patients who underwent normothermic open cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass from 2017 to 2021. Results: Of the sample, 30% (n=15) accounted for procedures involving aortic valve replacement on cardiopulmonary bypass, 42% (n=21) accounted for mitral valve replacement, and 28% (n=14) of case represented open coronary vessels interventions on cardiopulmonary bypass. The average age for such procedure was 49.6 years. An average of 83.5 minutes were spent on cardiopulmonary bypass. On average, patients underwent 64.8 minutes with clamped vessels. Average blood loss was quantified in milliliters for the three procedures and was reported for the 1st hour, 4th hour, and the 12th hour after procedure initiation as well as total quantified blood loss. The combined set of procedures represented a cumulative average of 272.3 mL of blood loss. Haemoglobin percent change for the cases included in the study were represented by an average change of -.002% for all procedures. On average, patients undergoing all procedures required 1.3 whole blood packets and 1.2 packets of fresh frozen plasma. Hospital stays, counted from the day of admission to the day of discharge, was another factor evaluated for the study. 8.2, 8.0 and 8.8 days represented the average hospital stay for patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, mitral valve replacement and coronary interventions respectively. Conclusion: Normothermia during cardiothoracic surgery that employed cardiopulmonary bypass is a safe and effective strategy.

Love in times of violence

Maya Goded’s photography and filmmaking career has been tackling issues surrounding sex work in Mexico for more than two decades. Her first feature-length documentary, Plaza de la soledad (2016), set in Mexico City’s La Merced, probes issues of violence, resilience and love, with the main protagonists, who are ageing sex workers, negotiating their precarious positions between traumatic past events and uncertain futures. This paper examines Goded’s representation of prostitution as one designed to challenge dominant narratives about sex work in Mexico by shedding light on the private lives of women against their stereotypical portrayals.

Material study of green stone artifacts from a Teotihuacan complex

ABSTRACT Despite being one of the largest complexes at Teotihuacan, Plaza de las Columnas has been one of the least studied. Recent archaeological discoveries by the Project Plaza de las Columnas Complex revealed that its inhabitants maintained an evident relationship with the Mayan area. The methodology employed consisted first of a surface examination of the materials via imaging techniques. Afterward, mineralogical characterization was achieved via Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for complementary analysis, while the elemental composition was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Results indicate a predominance of objects composed of quartz mixed with carbonates, with a minor number of objects identified as jadeite, albite, omphacite and serpentine. The methodology successfully characterized most of the archaeological objects and establishes new hypotheses regarding the degree of interregional interaction of the inhabitants of Plaza de las Columnas and the degree of access to raw materials and pieces from the Maya area.

Análisis gráfico de transformaciones de espacios urbanos. La Plaza de la Virgen de Valencia en el periodo 1700 - 1870

&lt;p&gt;En el presente trabajo se trata la transformación urbana de la Plaza de la Virgen de Valencia desde 1700 hasta 1870, aproximadamente. Como soporte gráfico se ha modelado la misma mediante fotogrametría, obteniendo reconstrucciones digitales de ambas etapas. Con ello pretendemos contribuir a la revisión crítica de espacios urbanos que presentan problemas de imagen evidentes, como éste, a través una metodología basada en un análisis gráfico y visual combinado.&lt;/p&gt;

EL CUERPO ES EL MENSAJE. Hacia una cartografía de los cuerpos en el estallido chileno del 18-O en Plaza de la Dignidad

La violencia de la actual crisis social acontecida en Chile a partir del 18 de octubre de 2019 ha generado graves consecuencias en la ciudadanía y, en específico, sobre los diversos cuerpos de las personas manifestantes y presentes en el espacio público. Golpes, torturas, abusos sexuales, además del uso indiscriminado de balines y lanzamiento de bombas lacrimógenas a quemarropa construyen una nueva cartografía sobre el territorio: la de las corporalidades violentadas por organismos de seguridad del Estado. El siguiente artículo explora desde un ámbito urbano las relaciones corporales de manifestación y represión que tuvieron lugar en Plaza de la de Dignidad (antigua Plaza Italia). Por medio del ejercicio cartográfico, se develan las experiencias situadas: el surgimiento de nuevas corporalidades activas en el espacio y de sus repercusiones físico-simbólicas desplegadas en el entorno construído. Para ello se hará una revisión de los antecedentes recopilados en torno a las manifestaciones, tales como artículos de prensa, redes sociales, fotografías, testimonios, los que abrirán camino a la construcción de una cartografía corporal de la plaza y sus alrededores.