Platform For Applications Research Articles

MiRNA Profiling of Areca Nut-Induced Carcinogenesis in Head and Neck Cancer.

While miRNAs are increasingly recognized for their role in tumorigenesis, their involvement in head and neck cancer (HNC) remains insufficiently explored. Additionally, the carcinogenic mechanisms of areca nut, a major habitual carcinogen in Southeast Asia, are not well understood. This study adopts a systematic approach to identify miRNA profiles associated with areca nut-induced HNC. Using miRNA microarray analysis, we identified 292 miRNAs dysregulated in areca nut-treated HNC cells, with 136 upregulated and 156 downregulated. Bioinformatic analysis of the TCGA-HNSC dataset uncovered a set of 692 miRNAs relevant to HNC development, comprising 449 overexpressed and 243 underexpressed in tumor tissues. Integrating these datasets, we defined a signature of 84 miRNAs, including 39 oncogenic miRNAs (OncomiRs) and 45 tumor-suppressive miRNAs (TsmiRs), highlighting their pivotal role in areca nut-induced carcinogenesis. MultiMiR analysis identified 740 genes cross-regulated by eight hub TsmiRs, significantly impacting key cancer-related pathways (p53, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and Ras) and critical oncogenic processes. Moreover, we validated miR-499a-5p as a vital regulator, demonstrating its ability to mitigate areca nut-induced cancer progression by reducing cell migration, invasion, and chemoresistance. Thus, this miRNA signature addresses a crucial gap in understanding the molecular underpinnings of areca nut-induced carcinogenesis and offers a promising platform for clinical applications in risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis of areca nut-associated malignancies.

An injectable dual-layer chitosan-alginate nano-hydrogel incorporated Cu(I)-isopolymolybdate-based metal-organic framework tailored for three-in-one anti-cancer nanotherapy

Designing potential agents and constructing hydrophilic nano-hydrogel platforms for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, especially for polyoxometalate-based metal-organic frameworks (PMOF), present both great desirability and significant challenges. A unique open porous Cu(I)-isopolymolybdate-based metal-organic framework (CCUT) has been self-assembled through ionothermal processes for in vivo synergistic anti-cancer therapy. The periodicity of Drugs@CCUT-1 (nano-crystals of CCUT after cation exchange and anti-cancer drugs upload) has been investigated by synchrotron wide-angle X-ray scattering, confirming the lattice structure unchanged. To mitigate toxicity, enhance stimuli-responsive drug delivery, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility, an injectable dual-layer chitosan//alginate-based nano-hydrogel is developed to incorporate Drugs@CCUT-1. Potential interactions between the chitosan layer and the surface of CCUT-1 have been analyzed by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Furthermore, the nanoparticles Drugs@CCUT-1@Gel exhibit efficient type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) within the bio-window, effectively eradicating tumors in deep tissue. CCUT-1 generates a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and resulting in the expression of phase II enzymes, typically HO-1. CCUT-1@Gel not only demonstrates high capacity for anti-cancer drug upload and release, but also exhibits strong synergistic CDT/PDT in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. Hence, CCUT-1@Gel represents a promising in vivo nano-platform for synergistic chemotherapy (CT)/CDT/PDT three-in-one anti-cancer approach.

Optimization and scale-up of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 production on a modular-lab PharmTracer platform for clinical application

Optimization and scale-up of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 production on a modular-lab PharmTracer platform for clinical application

Tannic acid-based platforms for biomedical applications

Tannic acid-based platforms for biomedical applications

Micromotor based on single fiber optical vortex tweezer

Optical micromotors are powerful tools for trapping and rotating microparticles in various fields of bio-photonics. Conventionally, optical micromotors are built using bulk optics, such as microscope objectives and SLMs. However, optical fibers provide an attractive alternative, offering a flexible photon platform for optical micromotor applications. In this paper, we present an optical micromotor designed for 3D manipulation and rotation based on a single fiber optical vortex tweezer. A tightly focused vortex beam is excited by preparing a spiral zone plate with an ultrahigh numerical aperture of up to 0.9 at the end facet of a functionalized fiber. The focused vortex beam can optically manipulate and rotate a red blood cell in 3D space far from the fiber end facet. The trapping stiffness in parallel and perpendicular orientations to the fiber axis are measured by stably trapping a standard 3-µm silica bead. The rotational performance is analyzed by rotating a trimer composed of silica beads on a glass slide, demonstrating that the rotational frequency increases with rising optical power and the rotational direction is opposite to the topological charge of the spiral zone plate. The proposed fiber micromotor with its flexible manipulation of microparticle rotation circumvents the need for the precise relative position control of multiple fiber combinations and the use of specialized fibers. The innovations hold promising potential for applications in microfluidic pumping, biopsy, micromanipulation, and other fields.

Scalable SOA-based Banyan optical space switch on InP membrane on silicon (IMOS)

Optical switches (OS) are vital for meeting modern data centers’ capacity and latency needs, overcoming the bandwidth and speed limitations that electronic switches encounter. To this end, this work proposes a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based OS on the IMOS, a unique platform with a combination of high refractive index contrast for compactness and monolithic active-passive integration for active functionalities, thereby enabling the creation of compact SOA-based OSes. An 8 × 8 Banyan SOA-based OS is integrated on a 4 × 4 mm2 area on the standard 4 × 6 mm2 IMOS cell. This marks the first application of the IMOS technology platform for SOA-based OSes and sets the stage for compact and large-scale monolithic photonic integrated OS circuits. The basic 2 × 2 switch module delivers a high optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and an extinction ratio (ER) above 45 dB. Employing NRZ-OOK routing on the 2 × 2 basic OS module, a 15 dB input power dynamic range (IPDR) is achieved within a 1 dB power penalty at 12.5 Gb/s. Data routing at higher data rates of 25 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s incurs power penalties of 0.8 and 1.4 dB, respectively. Furthermore, data routing for a 3-stage 8 × 8 switch operating at 25 Gb/s results in a power penalty of 1.2 dB. Compared to the 1-stage 2 × 2 switch, only a 0.4 dB additional penalty is observed despite incorporating 2 additional SOAs in the cascade. This indicates that the switch can scale to higher radix to accommodate multi-stage switches with numerous ports, large bandwidth, and fast speed, which is essential in modern large-scale data centers.

Digital twin water conservancy early warning system based on physical level and numerical simulation in intelligent water conservancy construction

Abstract. In 2023, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and The State Council issued the Overall Layout Plan for the Construction of Digital China, emphasizing the construction of a smart water conservancy system with digital twin basins as the core. The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region government has clearly proposed to actively build a "digital twin Pinglu Canal", and attaches great importance to the construction of digital twin platform application services during the construction of the Western land-Sea New Passage (Pinglu) canal. Aiming at the problems such as unsatisfactory early warning effect, inaccurate data and imprecise model of existing smart water conservancy technology, this paper proposes a digital twin system for disaster early warning based on physical level and numerical simulation technology, establishes a visual digital water conservancy model and digital twin smart water conservancy cloud platform, and combines multi-physics field and multi-dimensional coupling algorithm to respond to technical pain points. To achieve scientific and accurate monitoring and intelligent management, and contribute to the construction of digitally empowered Pinglu Canal.

Bibliometric study of the state of knowledge of the use of technological platforms in agrotourism businesses

Knowledge management is a vital process in the understanding of agritourism as a local development activity. In this sense, this sector has become an important global partner for the development of labor and technological resources throughout the world; it is part of the socioeconomic reality and is a current determinant for local development. This qualitative research proposes a bibliometric study of the state of the study of the application of technological platforms (TP) to the management of agro-tourism products, using the method of review of documents and research repositories of the Universities of Las Tunas and Holguín in eastern Cuba and the Autonomous University of Querétaro in Mexico. The main results lie in showing the level and depth of current literature regarding the application of technologies in agrotourism management. It concludes with the need to increase studies and recognize the importance of involving technological platforms in the management of agrotourism products.

An asymmetric pinching damaged hysteresis model for glubam members: Parameter identification and model comparison

The performance of glue laminated bamboo (glubam) members is governed by the nonlinear response at their joints, where high deformation levels and stress concentrations are developed. Numerous phenomenological models are presently employed to describe the hysteresis behavior of these joints, while these models always have an excessive number of parameters, and the physical interpretation of these parameters is often challenging. Moreover, some hysteresis models cannot capture all hysteresis features such as asymmetry, pinching, and damage. Consequently, this paper introduces a novel phenomenological-based hysteretic model named Asymmetric Pinching Damaged (APD) model, and implemented it in Abaqus by combining connector and spring elements in series or parallel. This model encompasses asymmetry, pinching, and strength degradation for bamboo joint components, with parameters that possess clear physical meanings and are readily comprehensible. This study also presented a parameter identification framework coupling the Parallel Genetic Algorithm (PGA) and Bayesian Neural Network (BNN). By merging the FE modeling and optimizing algorithms with the interactive application of ABAQUS and Python software platforms, the integrated identification framework is capable of performing multi-threaded parallel computation of finite element models considering the BNN-based uncertainty quantification, thus greatly improving the efficiency of parameter identification.

Strategi Digital Marketing Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Ikan Hias Cupang (Studi Kasus pada Bastyan Betta Farm Melalui Media Sosial di Desa Dander Kecamatan Pesantren Kota Kediri)

In this modern era, the development of information technology has changed the world of marketing in recent years. Traditional and conventional marketing communication methods are now gradually being integrated into the digital world. This type of research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Qualitative methodology is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written and spoken words. The presence of digital marketing or advertising has had a positive impact in the business world where the process of marketing a product can easily be done by creating digital photo or video content about a product to be marketed and then uploading it to several available social media application platforms. The conclusion in this research is that the digital marketing strategy carried out by Bastyan Betta Farm to increase sales is by creating and posting interesting photos or videos using social media, namely Instagram, Facebook and Whatsapp.

Leveraging Flask API and Machine Learning to Forecast Multiple Diseases

The study described in this abstract used machine learning to predict several diseases, and it integrated the model into a Flask API. A user-friendly platform for disease prediction based on patient symptoms and medical history was the goal of the paper. A number of strategies were used to optimize the predictive performance once the machine learning model had been trained on a sizable dataset of patient records. The model was made accessible as a web service through the usage of the Flask API, enabling simple deployment and integration into current healthcare systems. The study's findings demonstrated that the model could accurately forecast diseases with a high degree of precision, and the Flask API gave healthcare professionals an easy way to use the model in real-world settings. The study underscores the significance of developing open and user-friendly platforms for healthcare applications and shows the potential of machine learning and online APIs in improving disease detection. Additionally, the study discovered that the model could correctly identify disorders even in the absence of conclusive diagnostic tests.

Annihilation Electrochemiluminescence Triggered by Bipolar Electrochemistry

AbstractBipolar electrochemistry (BE) combined with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has gained considerable attention as a versatile and powerful analytical technique operating in a wireless manner. However, only co‐reactant ECL has been reported so far when using a BE setup. In this work, the generation of annihilation ECL at the anodic extremity of a bipolar electrode (BPE) is demonstrated in two different spatial arrangements of the electrodes. The reported approach is based on a synergetic effect between the asymmetric electroactivity induced across the BPE, which produces different redox states of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, and the electro‐migration mechanism of the formed ionic species, allowing the localization and concentration of the ECL emission. The presented approach demonstrating annihilation ECL via BE, paves the way for the design of easy and straightforward light‐emitting platforms for multiple applications.

Acoustic Waves Coupling with Polydimethylsiloxane in Reconfigurable Acoustofluidic Platform.

Acoustofluidics is a promising technology that leverages acoustic waves for precise manipulation of micro/nano-scale flows and suspended objects within microchannels. Despite many advantages, the practical applicability of conventional acoustofluidic platforms is limited by irreversible bonding between the piezoelectric actuator and the microfluidic chip. Recently, reconfigurable acoustofluidic platforms are enabled by reversible bonding between the reusable actuator and the replaceable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip by incorporating a PDMS membrane for sealing the microchannel and coupling the acoustic waves with the fluid inside. However, a quantitative guideline for selecting a suitable PDMS membrane for various acoustofluidic applications is still missing. Here, a design rule for reconfigurable acoustofluidic platforms is explored based on a thorough investigation of the PDMS thickness effect on acoustofluidic phenomena: acousto-thermal heating (ATH), acoustic radiation force (ARF), and acoustic streaming flow (ASF). These findings suggest that the relative thickness of the PDMS membrane (t) for acoustic wavelength (λPDMS) determines the wave attenuation in the PDMS and the acoustofluidic phenomena. For t/λPDMS≈O(1), the transmission of acoustic waves through the membrane leads to the ARF and ASF phenomena, whereas, for t/λPDMS≈O(10), the acoustic waves are entirely absorbed within the membrane, resulting in the ATH phenomenon.

Efficient Energy Transfer Enabled by Dark States in van der Waals Heterostructures.

Dark exciton states show great potential in condensed matter physics and optoelectronics because of their long lifetime and rich distribution in band structures. Therefore, they can theoretically serve as efficient energy reservoirs, providing a platform for future applications. However, their optical-transition-forbidden nature severely limits their experimental exploration and hinders their current application. Here, we demonstrate a universal dark state nonlinear energy transfer (ET) mechanism in monolayer WS2/CsPbBr3 van der Waals heterostructures under two-photon excitation, which successfully utilizes the enormous energy reserved in the dark exciton state of CsPbBr3 to significantly improve the photoelectric performance of monolayer WS2. We first propose the scenario of resonant ET between the dark state of CsPbBr3 and WS2, and then reveal that this is a typical Förster resonant ET and belongs to the 2D-2D category. Interestingly, the dark state ET in CsPbBr3 is identified as a long-range donor-bridge-acceptor hopping mode, with a potential distance exceeding 200 nm. Finally, we successfully achieve nearly an order of magnitude enhancement in the near-infrared detection performance of monolayer WS2. Our results enrich the theory of dark exciton states and ET, and they provide a way of using dark exciton states for future practical applications.

Universal production of anisotropic bilayer WSe2 nanoscrolls for high-performance photodetector

Abstract Transition metal dichalcogenide nanoscrolls (NSs) exhibit unique optoelectronic properties due to their spiral tubular structures. In this study, we successfully fabricated WSe2 NSs with various morphologies, illustrating the evolution from planar to NS via an internal strain-driven rolling process. The anisotropic optical properties of the NSs were systematically analyzed by angle-resolve polarized Raman spectroscopy. For NSs with different rollup angles, the strain distribution is manifested by the variation of Raman intensity on the linear axis. In addition, the on/off ratio and detectivity of device based on bilayer NS reach 5.3 × 104 and 2.63 × 109 Jones, caused by the ultralow dark photocurrent. In summary, our study demonstrates a universal method for producing polymorphic products, demonstrating that bilayer WSe2 NSs hold significant potential as a platform for fundamental research and technological applications.

Application of a Cell-Free Synthetic Biology Platform for the Reconstitution of Teleocidin B and UK-2A Precursor Biosynthetic Pathways.

We report the successful cell-free reconstitution of two natural product biosynthetic pathways of divergent complexity and structural classes. We first constructed the teleocidin biosynthetic pathway using our BY-2 (tobacco) cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system. We discovered a direct interaction between TleA and MbtH, and showed that the BY-2 system is capable of producing more than 80 mg/L teleocidin B-3 with cofactor supplementation and ∼20 mg/L with no cofactors supplemented, demonstrating the high metabolic activity of the system. We then extended our methodology and report the first successful cell-free biosynthesis of UK-2 diol (precursor to the commercially valuable secondary metabolite UK-2A) from simple building blocks by refactoring a complex pathway of 10 proteins in the wheat germ CFPS system. We show that plant CFPS systems are suitable for reconstructing pathways and identifying the functions of uncharacterized genes linked to biosynthetic gene clusters and rate-limiting biosynthetic steps.

Impact of Carbon Source on Bacterial Cellulose Network Architecture and Prolonged Lidocaine Release.

The biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) is significantly influenced by the type of carbon source available in the growth medium, which in turn dictates the material's final properties. This study systematically investigates the effects of five carbon sources-raffinose (C18H32O16), sucrose (C12H22O11), glucose (C6H12O6), arabinose (C5H10O5), and glycerol (C3H8O3)-on BC production by Komagataeibacter hansenii. The varying molecular weights and structural characteristics of these carbon sources provide a framework for examining their influence on BC yield, fiber morphology, and network properties. BC production was monitored through daily measurements of optical density and pH levels in the fermentation media from day 1 to day 14, providing valuable insights into bacterial growth kinetics and cellulose synthesis rates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to elucidate fibril diameter and pore size distribution. Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) provided a detailed assessment of crystallinity. Selected BC pellicles were further processed via freeze-drying to produce a foam-like material that maximally preserves the natural three-dimensional structure of BC, facilitating the incorporation and release of lidocaine hydrochloride (5%), a widely used local anesthetic. The lidocaine-loaded BC foams exhibited a sustained and controlled release profile over 14 days in simulated body fluid, highlighting the importance of the role of carbon source selection in shaping the BC network architecture and its impact on drug release profile. These results highlight the versatility and sustainability of BC as a platform for wound healing and drug delivery applications. The tunable properties of BC networks provide opportunities for optimizing therapeutic delivery and improving wound care outcomes, positioning BC as an effective material for enhanced wound management strategies.

Quantitative Characterization of Gene Regulatory Circuits Associated With Fungal Secondary Metabolism to Discover Novel Natural Products.

Microbial genetic circuits are vital for regulating gene expression and synthesizing bioactive compounds. However, assessing their strength and timing, especially in multicellular fungi, remains challenging. Here, an advanced microfluidic platform is combined with a mathematical model enabling precise characterization of fungal gene regulatory circuits (GRCs) at the single-cell level. Utilizing this platform, the expression intensity and timing of 30 transcription factor-promoter combinations derived from two representative fungal GRCs, using the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans are determined. As a proof of concept, the selected GRC combination is utilized to successfully refactor the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive molecules, precisely control their production, and activate the expression of the silenced biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). This study provides insights into microbial gene regulation and highlights the potential of platform in fungal synthetic biology applications and the discovery of novel natural products.

Detection of Serratia marcescens and Mierococcus lysodeikticus Bacterial Cells Using Cerium Oxide/Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Heterostructure‐Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

This article explores a novel surface plasmon resonance sensor for detecting the Serratia marcescens and Mierococcus lysodeikticus bacteria cells employing the cerium oxide (CeO2) and transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructure. The proposed sensor is designed based on the Kretschmann configuration, where silver (Ag) is deposited over a prism's surface to excite the surface plasmons. The transfer matrix method and angular interrogation technique are exploited for analyzing the sensor's performance at a wavelength of 633 nm. Firstly, the optimization of the prism and metal film is analyzed by selecting the minimum reflectance, better sensitivity, and quality factor. Secondly, the influence of the proposed structure in the sensor is executed by the performances of different structures, which are made with defined layers. Thirdly, different sensing parameters are analyzed for the considered bacterial cells, resulting in the maximum attained parameters being a sensitivity of 369.40° RIU−1, QF of 151.35 RIU−1, and detection accuracy of 7.57. Finally, the comparative study also shows the noteworthy enhancement using the proposed sensor compared with existing work. Therefore, the proposed sensor can be used as a carrier for detecting the bacterial cells and establishing a new platform for biomolecular and biomedical applications.

Deep-Learning Empowered Customized Chiral Metasurface for Calibration-Free Biosensing.

As a 2D metamaterial, metasurfaces offer an unprecedented avenue to facilitate light-matter interactions. The current "one-by-one design" method is hindered by time-consuming, repeated testing within a confined space. However, intelligent design strategies for metasurfaces, limited by data-driven properties, have rarely been explored. To address this gap, a data iterative strategy based on deep learning, coupled with a global optimization network is proposed, to achieve the customized design of chiral metasurfaces. This methodology is applied to precisely identify different chiral molecules in a label-free manner. Fundamentally different from the traditional approach of collecting data purely through simulation, the proposed data generation strategy encompasses the entire design space, which is inaccessible by conventional methods. The dataset quality is significantly improved, with a 21-fold increase in the number of chiral structures exhibiting the desired circular dichroism (CD) response (>0.6). The method's efficacy is validated by a monolayer structure that is easily prepared, demonstrating advanced sensing abilities for enantiomer-specific analysis of bio-samples. These results demonstrate the superior capability of data-driven schemes in photonic design and the potential of chiral metasurface-based platforms for calibration-free biosensing applications. The proposed approach will accelerate the development of complex systems for rapid molecular detection, spectroscopic imaging, and other applications.