Platelet Distribution Width Research Articles

Electroconvulsive therapy improves hematological inflammatory markers in bipolar disorder.

Immune dysfunction and inflammation participate in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Abnormal levels of inflammatory markers, namely, red cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet distribution width (PDW), were detected in BD. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for various mental disorders including BD was linked to changes in these inflammatory mediators. Hence, we aimed to assess the impact of ECT on PDW and RDW in patients with BD. Seventy-two patients aged ≥ 16 were enrolled in the current prospective cohort study over 6 months, diagnosed as BD based on DSM-IV and indicated for ECT and complete blood count (CBC) drawn pre-ECT and after four ECT sessions. By the end of the ECT sessions, we noticed a significant elevation in PDW with lowering in RDW levels. However, no significant differences were detected before and after ECT regarding platelet (PLTs) count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and Plateletcrit (PCT). ECT seems to improve the CBC-derived inflammatory markers (RDW and PDW) subsequently, improving the underlying inflammatory process in BD without disturbing PLT homeostasis which support its anti-inflammatory role in BD.

Causal relationship between psoriasis vulgaris and dementia: Insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Many clinical studies have demonstrated a correlation between psoriasis vulgaris and dementia, yet this correlation remains controversial. Our study employed the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to investigate the causal relationship between psoriasis vulgaris and dementia. Data were obtained from the summary statistics of the genome-wide association studies from IEU-OpenGWAS project database. In univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR) analysis, psoriasis vulgaris was used as exposure. Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) served as the outcomes. In multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis, VaD served as the outcome. The first MVMR analysis used psoriasis vulgaris, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet count (PLT) as exposures. The second MVMR analysis used psoriasis vulgaris, vitamin D level and 25 hydroxyvitamin D level as exposures. The main analysis employed the inverse variance weighted method, and the outcomes were evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). In UVMR analysis, the results depicted that psoriasis vulgaris was associated with VaD (OR: 0.903, 95% CI: 0.818-0.996, p = 0.041). The results revealed insignificant associations between psoriasis vulgaris and other dementia types. After adjusting the effects of MPV, PDW and PLT in MVMR analysis, the association between psoriasis vulgaris and VaD was no longer significant (p = 0.164). Similarly, after adjusting the effects of vitamin D level and 25 hydroxyvitamin D level in MVMR analysis, the association between psoriasis vulgaris and VaD was also no longer significant (p = 0.533). Our study suggests that psoriasis vulgaris may potentially decrease VaD incidence. However, the causal association between psoriasis vulgaris and VaD may be impeded by platelet-related indices, vitamin D level and 25 hydroxyvitamin D level.

Prognostic value of platelet distribution width to lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma following hepatectomy

BackgroundPlatelet distribution width (PDW), but not platelet count, was found to more comprehensively reflect platelet activity. The present study, thus, aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of PDW to lymphocyte ratio (PDWLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following hepatectomy.MethodsPatients following hepatectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression model were used to determine the prognostic value of PDWLR.Results241 patients were analyzed eventually, and stratified into low and high PDWLR groups (≤ 9.66 vs. > 9.66). Results of comparing the baseline characteristics showed that high PDWLR was significantly associated with cirrhosis, and intraoperative blood loss (all P < 0.05). In multivariate COX regression analysis, PDWLR was demonstrated as an independent risk factor for OS (HR: 1.549, P = 0.041) and RFS (HR: 1.655, P = 0.005). Moreover, PDWLR demonstrated a superior capacity for predicting prognosis compared to other indicators.ConclusionPreoperative PDWLR has a potential value in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients following hepatectomy, which may help in clinical decision-making for individual treatment.

Platelet indices and angiogenesis markers in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Activated platelets exert a key role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). There is evidence of distinctive patterns of platelet indices in PE in comparison to healthy pregnancies, therefore these indices can be potential tools for PE detection, risk stratification, and management. Considering the vascular aspects of its pathophysiology, PE is characterized by the increased levels of soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) an antiangiogenic factor, and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF), a proangiogenic factor. This study aimed to assess the platelet indices in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and its correlation with angiogenesis-related biomarkers. The groups for the study were: control (n = 114); gestational hypertension; (n = 112), and PE (n = 42). The platelet indices included were platelet counts (PLT-I and PLT-F), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), and immature platelet fraction (IPF# and IPF%). Serum levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF were assessed. PLT-I, PLT-F, and PCT% were lower in PE, while MPV, PDW, P-LCR, IPF%, and IPF# were increased. The parameter MPV presented the best performance for the discrimination of PE. There was a moderate positive correlation between sFlt-1 levels and MPV, PDW, and P-LCR. Platelet indices can be potentially applied as additional tools for the diagnosis and management of HDP. Activated platelets may act as an extra source of sFlt-1 in PE.

Effects of Methanol Extract of Albizia lebbeck Leaves on the Body Weight, Hematological Parameters and Histological Structures of Digestive Organs in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Due to its use in traditional medication and its leaves and pods being considered as potential fodder for livestock the toxicity of Albizia lebbeck needs to be thoroughly explored. The study evaluated the effects of 70% methanol extract of Albizia lebbeck leaves on body weight, hematological parameters and histopathology of digestive organs in Wistar rats. Twenty-one healthy adult female rats were experimented with and divided into two groups of six and fifteen animals. Six rats were randomly subdivided into two groups of three rats each for plant extract LD50 determination at 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg dosages, respectively. Fifteen rats were randomly sub-allotted into three groups of five animals. Group I the control received distilled water by gavaging. Groups II and III received 100mg/kg and 400mg/kg of the extract, respectively—treatment covered 30 days. On day 31, the body weight of each rat was recorded before being sacrificed under chloroform. Blood was collected for hematological analysis. The liver and stomach were trimmed and processed for histopathology. The results revealed the LD50 of the extract to begreater than 5000 mg/kg. Extract treatment had no significant effects on the rat’s body weight. A significant (P&lt;0.05) increase in WBC, Eosinophils, RBC, and Hematocrit was revealed at 100 mg/kg of extract treatment. A dosage of 400 mg/kg of the extract caused a significant increase in Eosinophils and Lymphocytes. However, the plant extract caused a significant (P&lt;0.05) decrease in Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width at both doses, Monocytes and Neutrophils at 400 mg/kg and Mean Corpuscular Volume and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin at 100 mg/kg compared with the control. Both doses of the extract treatments caused lesions in the liver characterized by, necrosis, sinusoidal dilatation and inflammatory cell infiltration with no significant lesions in the stomach. In conclusion, the extract of Albizia lebbeck leaves caused a significant decrease in some hematological parameters and some lesions in the liver at 100 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg.

Thrombogenesis-related characteristics of platelets and platelet indices in pregnant COVID-19 women

Introduction. Thrombosis emerging in COVID-19 represents one of its most common complications. The period of pregnancy is accompanied by elevated susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of thrombosis.Aim: to assess time-dependent change in platelet count and platelet indices in general clinical blood test in pregnant COVID-19 women related to illness onset and developed thrombosis.Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 230 case histories from pregnant COVID-19 women at the third trimester was carried out. Of these, 99 women were selected who met the inclusion criteria: COVID-19 infection laboratory-verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); third trimester of pregnancy; presence/absence of thrombotic complications. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the control group consisted of 94 pregnant women aged 31.5 [28.0; 35.0] years without thrombotic complications and the average gestational age at illness onset was 34.1 [30.2; 37.6] weeks; the main group included 5 patients aged 33.0 [28.5; 37.5] years and the average gestational age at illness onset was 33.2 [30.2; 37.8] weeks, with thrombotic complications emerged during the disease course: thrombosis of upper and lower extremity veins; massive pulmonary embolism; thrombosis of the splenic vein at the spleen hilum; left atrial thrombus. The following parameters were evaluated dynamically (on day 6–8, 9–11, 12–15, 16–23 and 24–72 of the disease): total platelet count, thrombocrit, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width (PDW), large platelet count. A comparative analysis of the study data and a correlation analysis with the time from disease onset and detected thrombosis were carried out.Results. Over the entire observation period, there were noted increased RDW (16.30 [15.80; 16.50]%), average platelet volume (10.70 [9.70; 11.80] fl), and large platelet count (73.00 [59.00; 96.00]×109/L) along with platelet count (182.50 [155.00; 184.50]×109/L) tended to elevate in main vs. control group. A correlation was established between the above parameters and illness onset as well as thrombogenesis time point (p &lt; 0.05). The beginning of developing thrombosis in main group was mainly recorded on day 12–15 after the onset. РDW increased in both groups by day 16–23 of illness, but more pronounced changes were found in main group reaching 16.50 [16.40; 16.60]% compared to control group (16.10 [15.80; 16.40]%). By day 16–23, thrombocrit in both groups positively correlated with illness onset. In addition, large platelet count tended to rise in main group remaining, however, below the normal limit: 0.13 [0.11; 0.20]% compared to control group (0.26 [0.21; 0.31]%). Large platelet count was quite high and increased daily in both groups; the average large platelet count throughout entire observation period was lower in the main (73.00 [59.00; 96.00]×109/L) vs. control group (81.00 [66.00; 102.00]×109/L), so that in the former it sharply decreased down to 55.00 [42.00; 78.00]×109/L on day 16–23.Conclusion. These data mirror the course of thrombotic process and may serve as the basis for assessing the prognosis of thrombotic complications and identification of high-risk groups among pregnant COVID-19 women.

Hematologic Parameters as Predictors of Long-Term Mortality in Infective Endocarditis Patients.

BACKGROUND Infective endocarditis (IE) is an endothelial infection that is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Early and accurate risk prediction is important in patients with IE. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is one of the hematological parameters that can be performed anywhere and is easily accessible, is a predictor of poor prognosis in many infectious and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between laboratory parameters and 3-year mortality in 155 patients with infective endocarditis at a single center in Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and echocardiographic data of 155 adult patients with definite IE according to the modified Duke Criteria, and we analyzed all laboratory results, such as hemoglobin, white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, platelet distribution width, NLR, urea, creatinine, albumin, procalcitonin, and blood culture results. RESULTS The median follow-up time was 341 days (range, 2-4003 days). The out-of-hospital mortality rate was 31.6%. Among the discharged patients (n=106), there were 46 non-survivors, with an out-of- hospital mortality rate of 43.4%. The overall mortality rate was 61.3%. During the follow-up, the 1-year mortality rate was 47.1% and the 3-year mortality rate was 54.8%. We detected significant differences in the admission values of NLR between the patients with and without 3-year mortality (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The NLR on admission to a tertiary center was independently associated with 3-year mortality in IE patients (P<0.001). NLR is a parameter that can be obtained from a simple, widely available and inexpensive hemagroma as a useful marker in predicting long-term mortality in IE.

Developing Localized Reference Intervals for Platelet Indices in South India

Introduction: The Platelet Indices (PI) are part of the most frequently done tests in the hospital. They are considered as biomarkers in numerous systemic and metabolic diseases. But the real challenge has been to define the clinical cutoffs which enable management based on the above parameters. So we tried to develop Reference Intervals(RI) for PIs to enable them for clinical use. Aim: The aim of the study was to develop RIs for the PIs from ostensibly healthy adult males from the local population. Materials and Methods: 123 healthy adult males between the age 18 to 64, were chosen after screening and their blood samples collected and examined on Sysmex XN1000 cell counter for the PIs. Results: The mean values of Platelet Count (PC), Distribution width (PDW), Mean Platelet volume(MPV), Plateletcrit (PCT), Large cell Ratio(P-LCR), Immature Platelet Fraction(IPF) and Absolute Immature Platelet Number(AIPN) were 2.58x109/L, 12.3%, 10.2fl, 0.281%, 27.17%,0.682%, and 1551.4 cells. PDW showed a strong positive correlation with MPV (r = 0.937) and P- LCR (r = 0.949). The PLT showed a very strong positive correlation with PCT (r = 0.901). The linear regression analysis of the rest of the PIs with PLT showed an 81% strong predictability for PCT. Conclusion: The sex specific, instrument specific, localized RIs developed the study was compared to other published studies World over. It was also compared to an Indian and other South Indian studies. It also offers an opportunity for institutions using this cell counter to make use of the above RIs in clinical situations.

Interleukin-41 as a biomarker of the anti-inflammatory response associated with hyperuricemia

BackgroundInterleukin (IL)-41 is a recently discovered secreted protein that is expressed in a variety of tissues, and it is associated with several immune and metabolic diseases. However, IL-41 has not been studied in hyperuricemia (HUA). MethodsForty-four HUA patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study, and we collected theirgeneral and biochemical parameters, including white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, fasting blood glucose, total triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and hemoglobin concentration. The level of serum IL-41 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was exploited to identify the independent risk factors associated with HUA, and the clinical diagnostic value of IL-41 was analyzed by applying the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We assessed the association between IL-41 and clinical parameters with Spearman's rank correlation. ResultsCirculating IL-41 levels were significantly higher in HUA patients than in the HCs group (460.3 pg/mL vs. 261.3 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for IL-41 in HUA patients was 0.7443 (with a cut-off value of 311.055 pg/mL, a sensitivity of 68.18 %, and a specificity of 72.73 %), while the AUC for IL-41 combined with the platelet count was 0.8109. Correlation analysis revealed that the circulating IL-41 level was positively correlated with age in HCs and HUA patients. ConclusionsWe herein demonstrated that serum IL-41 was elevated in HUA patients and that it may constitute a novel biomarker of anti-inflammatory response related to HUA.

Ischemic stroke prediction using machine learning in elderly Chinese population: The Rugao Longitudinal Ageing Study.

Compared logistic regression (LR) with machine learning (ML) models, to predict the risk of ischemic stroke in an elderly population in China. We applied 2208 records from the Rugao Longitudinal Ageing Study (RLAS) for ischemic stroke risk prediction assessment. Input variables included 103 phenotypes. For 3-year ischemic stroke risk prediction, we compared the discrimination and calibration of LR model and ML methods, where ML methods include Random Forest (RF), Gaussian kernel Support Vector Machines (SVM), Multilayer perceptron (MLP), K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm (KNN), and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) to develop an ischemic stroke risk prediction model. Age, pulse, waist circumference, education level, β2-microglobulin, homocysteine, cystatin C, folate, free triiodothyronine, platelet distribution width, QT interval, and QTc interval were significant induced predictors of ischemic stroke. For ischemic stroke prediction, the ML approach was able to tap more biochemical and ECG-related multidimensional phenotypic indicators compared to the LR model, which placed more importance on general demographic indicators. Compared to the LR model, SVM provided the best discrimination and calibration (C-index: 0.79vs. 0.71, 11.27% improvement in model utility), with the best performance in both validation and test data. In a comparison of LR with five ML models, the accuracy of ischemic stroke prediction was higher by combining ML with multiple phenotypes. Combined with other studies based on elderly populations in China, ML techniques, especially SVM, have shown good long-term predictive performance, inspiring the potential value of ML use in clinical practice.

Predictive Effects of Platelet Indices in Cirrhotic Patients with or without Portal Vein Thrombosis

Objective: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common finding in liver cirrhosis. Besides low portal blood flow, thrombophilia, bacterial translocation and endotoxemia, platelets which are considered as important source of prothrombotic agents may play a role in thrombotic events in cirrhosis. Large platelets have been reported to have numerous granules that result in greater thrombotic and proinflammatory activity. We aimed to define the role of platelet indices in PVT among cirrhotic patients. Method: Cirrhotic patients admitted to Gastroenterology Clinic and having a dynamic radiological examination were assessed retrospectively. Demographic and laboratory findings were recorded including platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV). Severity of cirrhosis was assessed with MELD (Model for End Stage Liver Disease) and Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CPT) scores Results: Study included 255 patients. Mean age was 60.6±10.2 years. 41.6% of patients were female. 50 (19.6%) patients had PVT. Patients with PVT did not differed from those without PVT in age, gender and presence of diabetes mellitus. Median platelet count was lower in patients with PVT (100 (22-370) vs 79,5 (22-573), p: 0,033). Mean MPV and PDW levels were similar between PVT and non-PVT groups (p &gt;0.05). Although median MELD scores did not differ between groups, median CPT scores were significantly higher in PVT compared to non-PVT group (p:0,027). Conclusion: Cirrhotic patients with PVT had more prominent thrombocytopenia, but similar MPV and PDW levels compared to those without PVT.

Platelet-associated biomarkers in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Insights from a female cohort with obesity.

There is a lack of noninvasive diagnostic methods for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the severe condition of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Platelet activation, evaluated through certain related parameters, is associated with liver disease and inflammation, but previous results are inconclusive. To investigate the potential utility of platelet-related indices as noninvasive diagnostic markers for the detection and prediction of MASLD, focusing on NASH. We found that mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were increased in the severe and morbidly obese (SMO) group compared to the normal weight (NW) group. We found decreased levels of MPV in steatosis and NASH patients. MPV and PCT values were decreased in the presence of mild liver inflammation. Platelet count (PLA) and PCT values were lower in the presence of ballooning. We obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.84 using MPV and three other variables to predict MASLD. Some platelet-related indices vary depending on liver condition. Here, we reported decreased MPV in MASLD presence. Moreover, we presented for the first time a predictive model using MPV, ALT levels and the presence of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome to predict MASLD in obese women. Also, MPV is closely related to early liver inflammation in NASH, and PLA and PCT are related to hepatic ballooning. These indices could be widely used for the early detection of NASH since they are usually determined in routine laboratory tests.

Assessment of the performance of haematological and non-invasive fibrotic indices for the monitoring of chronic HBV infection: a pilot study in a Ghanaian population

ObjectiveHaematological and liver fibrotic markers could be appreciably utilized for effective monitoring of Chronic Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, thereby increasing patient’s treatment outcome. The objective of this study was to assess the applicability of complete blood count (CBC) and non-invasive liver-fibrotic indices as markers of prognostic outcome and monitoring in HBV infections.ResultsSignificant differences in levels of white cell and differentials counts, red blood cell count, hemoglobin indices, and platelet indices were observed between HBV-infected patients (cases) and uninfected persons (controls). Levels of haemoglobin (Hb), total white blood cells (tWBC), neutrophils, monocytes, platelets, and Platelet Distribution width (PDW) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the cases compared to the controls. Total and indirect bilirubin; De-Ritis ratio, Aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and RDW-to-platelet ratio (RPR) were elevated in cases compared with controls (p-value < 0.05). In a multivariate adjusted model to test the significance of markers, Hemoglobin Index (beta coefficient = − 0.876, p-value < 0.001), NLR (beta coefficient = − 0.839, p-value < 0.001), MPV_10000 (beta coefficient = − 0.333, p-value < 0.001) and Albumin (beta coefficient = − 0.059, p-value = 0.014), were associated with HBV infection status. Receiver operative characteristics curve analysis showed Hemoglobin Index (AUC = 0.744) and MPV_10000 (AUC = 0.730) as better prognostic markers for HBV-infection.

The Association of Platelet Index with Event of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan

Introduction: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) occurs in stroke with an incidence varying from 10-75%, depending on the diagnostic method and time of evaluation. Platelets play important role in the pathogenesis of thromboembolism. Large size platelets are more metabolically and enzymatically active also hemostatically more reactive and prone to the development of thrombosis. This study aims to determine the association between platelet index and the occurrence of DVT in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Method: Prospective study with a total of 42 samples acute ischemic stroke patients who were treated ≤ 3 days in the stroke corner of RSUP. H Adam Malik Medan. Compression ultrasonography to diagnose DVT was performed on the lower extremities. Platelet indices assessed were mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet volume distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) based on the results of a complete blood test on admission. Results: The mean age was 59.7 years with male gender as much as 66.7%. The majority of research subjects had a history of hypertension (42.9%) The mean body mass index was 28, 18 kg/mm2. 97.6% were found to have asymptomatic DVT with Well's score of 1 (moderate probability of DVT occurrence). 54.8% of the study subjects with positive DVT results based on compression ultrasound results. There is an association between increased MPV and the incidence of DVT in acute ischemic stroke patients (p = 0.002). Conclusion: There is an association between an increase in MPV value and the incidence of DVT in acute ischemic stroke patients. Keywords: Platelet Index, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Acute Ischemic Stroke, Mean Platelet Volume, Platelet Distribution Width, Plateletcrit

Comparison of Thrombocyte Indices and Immature Platelet between Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

The primary pathophysiology of preeclampsia is abnormal trophoblast invasion, vasospasm, and endothelial dysfunction occurring, as well as platelet activation, increased platelet consumption, and the stimulation of the release of new platelets, which affects the platelet indices and immature platelets. This study compared the platelet indices (Mean Platelet Volume=MPV, Platelets Distribution Width=PDW, Platelet Large Cell Ratio=PLCR, and Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF) between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. This research was an unpaired comparative analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in the Tangerang District General Hospital from February to August 2020. The platelet indices (MPV, PDW, PLCR) and IPF of preeclampsia subjects (n=33) at Tangerang District General Hospital and normal pregnant subjects (n=38) at Annisa Hospital Tangerang were examined using the Sysmex XN-1000 automatic hematology analyzer. Comparative platelet indices and IPF analysis were carried out by independent T-test or Man-Whitney test. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to obtain the cut-off value of the platelet indices and IPF to differentiate preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. The platelet indices and IPF were significantly higher in preeclampsia. The mean (SD) MPV was 10.86 (0.9) fL and 10. (0.89) fL, p&lt;0.001; PDW 12.7 (8.7-19.1) fL and 10.85 (8.5-15.7) fL, p&lt;0.001; PLCR 31.96 (7.02) % and 25.06 (6.92) %, p&lt;0.001; and IPF 8.50 (3.10-20.40)% and 2.75 (1.2-9.4)%, p&lt;0.001, respectively in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. ROC analysis showed that an IPF with an AUC of 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-0.95) with an IPF cut-off value of &gt;6.5% was a good marker, while the MPV cut-off &gt;10.2 fL, AUC 0.75(95% CI 0.63-0.84), PDW cut-off &gt;11.3fL, AUC 0.77 (95%CI 0.65-0.86) and PLCR cut-off &gt;26.1%, AUC 0.76 (95% CI 0.65-0.85) were good enough markers to differentiate preeclampsia from normal pregnancy. Platelet indices and IPF were statistically significantly higher in preeclampsia. The IPF parameter is a good marker, while the platelet indices can be a pretty good marker to distinguish preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. The IPF parameter and platelet indices can be proposed as a routine examination in pregnancy. Changes in IPF and platelet indices can be early signs of preeclampsia or the development of preeclampsia.

Prognostic potential of inflammatory markers, oxidative status, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome

The study aimed to assess the prognostic value of inflammatory markers, indicators of oxidative stress, thrombocyte indices, and renal biochemical markers in neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) induced by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) upon admission. A prospective, observational, and case-control study was conducted on 56 calves diagnosed with NCD. Mean concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (Crea) were measured. Furthermore, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were also calculated for SIRS survivors [SIRS (survivor)] and non-survivors [SIRS (non-survivor)] induced by NCD. A prognostic cut-off value for predicting the prognosis of the SIRS’s induced by NCD was obtained via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Upon admission, the SIRS (non-survivor) calves had significantly higher (P < .001) average levels of IL-6, MDA, BUN, Crea, MPV, and PDW compared to the SIRS (survivor) calves and significantly lower (P < .001) average levels of GSH. Despite an apparent increase in the NLR and PLR values of calves diagnosed with SIRS, no significant difference was found between the survival and non-survivor SIRS cases. Positive predictive values (PPVs) for survival were determined as 100 %, 100 %, 80 %, 100 %, 80 %, and 80 %, respectively, using cut-off values of IL-6 (≤259.67 ng/L), MDA (≤2.87 nmol/mL), MPV (≤12.5 fL), PDW (≤34.25 %), BUN (≤168.3 mg/dL), and Crea (≤2.11 mg/dL). The determined threshold values are those obtained upon admission to the hospital. Based on the sensitivity, specificity, and PPVs derived from the ROC analysis, it has been concluded that IL-6, MDA, MPV, PDW, BUN, and Crea are the most relevant biomarkers used for predicting the prognosis of NCD-induced SIRS in calves. Furthermore, it is also noteworthy that IL-6 exhibited the highest effectiveness among all biomarkers.

Blood cell differential count discretisation modelling to predict survival in adults reporting to the emergency room: a retrospective cohort study

ObjectivesTo assess the survival predictivity of baseline blood cell differential count (BCDC), discretised according to two different methods, in adults visiting an emergency room (ER) for illness or trauma over...

Association between ambient air pollution exposure in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome in Nanjing, China

Antenatal exposure to air pollutants is thought to be associated with a variety of maternal blood markers as well as adverse birth outcomes. However, the dysgenic influence of air pollutants on the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in mothers and their pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. In the current study, 371 mother-infant pairs (189 healthy: 182 APS) from Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital as well as air pollutants concentration from their living environment were used to investigate correlations between air pollution with maternal blood indicators and fetal birth weight in the groups of APS and healthy mothers. Generalized linear model was used to evaluate the contributions of air pollutant exposure during pregnancy to the blood indicators variation. The relationships between birth weight with specific air pollutant and blood index were analyzed using ridge regression. Results showed that APS fetal birth weight was significantly impacted by air pollutant exposure during pregnancy, in particular, the birth weight decreased significantly along with increasing fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and fine particulate matter 10 (PM10) exposure concentrations throughout pregnancy. In contrast, birth weight increased significantly with sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure. In addition, APS-related blood indicators comprised of platelet distribution width (PDW), total bilirubin (TBIL), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-larger cell ratio (P_LCR), homocysteine (HCY), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), basophilic granulocyte (BAS), platelet thrombocytocrit (PCT), preprandial glucose levels (OGTT0), monocytes (MON), and monocytes ratio (MON_ratio) were also strongly related with prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and PM10, in which PDW levels showed most strongly negative impaction on fetal birth weight. Together, we showed that prenatal exposure to air pollutant (PM2.5 and PM10) may exacerbate the poor birth outcomes of low birth weight by impacting APS maternal blood indicators especially for PDW.

The effect of thrombocytapheresis on hemogram and biochemistry parameters in patients with essential thrombocytemia.

Essential thrombocythemia is one of the chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid cells with variable morphological maturation and hematopoietic activity.It is characterized by excessive clonal platelet production with a tendency to thrombosis and bleeding. Thrombocytapheresıs is the removal of platelets by apheresis techniques. Thrombocytapheresıs is generally recommended in patients with essential thrombocythemia with acute, severe thrombotic or hemorrhagic events. The study included 39 patients who were diagnosed with essential thrombocythemia, started cytoreductive and aspirin therapy, and underwent thrombocytapheresıs due to the development of acute severe thrombotic or hemorrhagic events, diagnosed in the adult hematology clinic of İnönü University Turgut Ozal Medical Center. Hemogram and biochemistry values of the patients were scanned retrospectively. After thrombocytapheresıs, a statistically significant difference was found between the first and last measurements of hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, White blood cell, neutrophil, platelet, platelet distribution width, creatine, lactate dehydrogenase, fibronogen and calcium levels of the patients. The use of thrombocytapheresıs in patients with essential thrombocytosis causes a rapid decrease in platelet values as well as an effect on hemogram and biochemistry parameters. Other hemogram and biochemistry parameters such as platelet value should be monitored in patients.

Evaluation of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and other inflammatory markers in hidradenitis suppurativa: a case-control study

Aims: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory disease whose pathophysiology is not yet clearly known, but inflammatory parameters have been used for many years in the diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of this study is to evaluate NLR, PLR, MHR, and hemogram parameters in patients diagnosed with HS without comorbidities and compare them with healthy controls.&#x0D; Methods: This study include 105 HS patients and 100 healthy volunteers. The medical records and laboratory findings of the participants were reviewed retrospectively. Patients and control group neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), red cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP), Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and MHR were compared.&#x0D; Results: A total of 105 patients [43 (41%) women and 62 (59%) men] and one hundred healthy volunteers [52 (52%) women and 48 (48%) men] participated in the study. The mean of neutrophil count (patient group=5.84±2.27, control group=4.29±1.81, p=0.001), lymphocyte count (patient group=2.78±0.90, control group=2.31±0.63, p=0.001), monocyte count (patient group=0.74±0.39, control group=0.55±0.16, p=0.001), platelet count (patient group=295.63±65.84, control group=274.45±59.06, p=0.007), CRP (patient group=12.71±24.38, control group=2.61±2.21, p=0.039), and MHR (patient group=0.0203±0.0135, control group=0.0114±0.0056, p=0.001) were higher in the patient whereas the mean of HDL-C (patient group=39.02±11.06, control group=52.85±16.46, p=0.001) and PLR (patient group=118.82±60.82, control group=126.07±39.13, p=0.028) were significantly higher in control individuals. The adjusted effect of MHR, NLR, and PLR was re-examined to eliminate the effect that may arise from the difference in age between patients and controls. It was observed that when MHR increased by 0.01 unit, the risk of disease increased significantly by 4.07 times. When NLR increases by 1 unit, the disease increased. significantly by 1.37 times. Both adjusted and unadjusted effects of MHR were significant. When the sensitivity and specificity of MHR, and NLR in differentiating patients were examined, the sensitivity of MHR was found to be 67.4% and its specificity was 72.5% (p=0.001), while the sensitivity of NLR was found to be 61.5% and its specificity was 74.0% ( p=0.038). &#x0D; Conclusions: Our study showed that MHR was more effective in distinguishing HS patients than other inflammatory markers. MHR can be used as a new marker to investigate the inflammatory effect of HS.