Use Of Plastic Bags Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES ON THE REDUCTION OF PLASTIC BAG CONSUMPTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

The problem that plastic bags cause to the environment is one of the most significant environmental problems. Not much attention is paid to this problem on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, and there is a gap where scientific research is concerned. In addition to mitigating this gap, the aim of this paper is to identify the basic factors which reduce the consumption of light (disposable) plastic bags using exploratory factor analysis. The results of the conducted analysis show that the development of environmental awareness, the availability of alternatives, social norms, and economic instruments that could be implemented in the future have a positive impact on the change in consumer behaviour on the territory of the Republic of Serbia when it comes to the use of plastic bags.

Influence of Plastic Waste Management on the Environment: A review

Plastics have become a modern-day nuisance to the environment and man due to improper management at their end-of-life. The structure and additives in fossil-based plastics make them non-biodegradable and, therefore, can persist in the environment for hundreds of years. Since a small percentage of plastic waste is recycled annually (9%) most of this plastic waste is being managed by open-air incineration or disposal in landfills where these additives can easily contaminate the air, soil, and water apart from the fact that a lot of these plastic waste find their way into our water bodies resulting to a lot of harm to the Eco-system. Recycling of plastic is an effective means of tackling the menace of plastic pollution, with chemical recycling as the most effective recycling process as it completely removes the waste plastic from the environment. Manufacturing and use of bioplastics like Polylactic acid, a good substitute for fossil-based polymer polyethylene terephthalate (PET), is a welcome development with the People’s Republic of China championing in the production. Legislative tools have been enacted in countries across the globe banning the use and manufacturing of single-use plastic bags. The implementation of this legislative move has been effective in some countries like the People’s Republic of China, Morocco, and Rwanda. Nigeria enacted the Plastic prohibition bill banning the manufacturing, use, and importation of all plastic bags in May 2019. This ban does not affect the behavioral and plastic management system in Nigeria as plastic bags are still used in cities across the country, littered in waterways and landfills. Therefore, there is a need to review the bill to include waste generation and management. Emphasis should also be placed on the production, and use of cost-effective bioplastic polymers and products

Assessing the Effects of Plastic Bans on Businesses in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija

The study investigates the repercussions of the ban on Plastic Bags Business in Cabanatuan City, aiming to define respondent profiles, highlight encountered issues, evaluate business aspects, and propose strategies to address the ban's impact. It seeks to understand the ban's effect on sales/profits and weighs the advantages and disadvantages of plastic bag use. Utilizing a questionnaire, the researcher surveyed ten respondents across two public markets in Cabanatuan City. The focus encompassed problems faced, delving into marketing, financial, and socio-environmental aspects. Findings suggest that despite the ban, plastic bag owners perceive their business as profitable. They attribute this profitability to the perceived greater utility of plastic bags compared to alternative eco-friendly options. The study's significance lies in shedding light on the ban's impact on business operations and financial viability. It emphasizes the perceived profitability of plastic bag sales despite the ban, challenging assumptions about the ban's detrimental effects on business. In essence, the study examines how the ban affects the Plastic Bags Business in Cabanatuan City, underlining the resilience of plastic bag sales despite the prohibition. The insights gained could inform policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders about the complexities and nuances surrounding such bans and their actual impact on businesses and the environment.

Effect of waste plastic fibers on the printability and mechanical properties of 3D-printed cement mortar

Extensive use and disposal of waste plastic bags have caused significant environmental issues. However, waste plastic bags can be used as fibers to enforce the mechanical properties of cementitious materials. Therefore, the effect of waste plastic fibers on the printability and mechanical properties of 3D-printed cement mortar was investigated in this work. The experiment mainly studied how the parameters of waste-plastic-fiber contents, fiber widths, and printing spacing affected the flowability, buildability, compressive strength, and flexural strength of 3D-printed cement mortar. Additionally, the microstructure of the printed specimens was analyzed by X-ray computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that the addition of waste plastic fibers improved the flexural strength of 3D-printed mortar to a certain extent, with the maximum value achieved at the fiber content of 0.3%, for the same fiber width and printing spacing. However, as the fiber content increased, the X-CT scan showed that the porosity of the cement mortar gradually increased, resulting in a decrease in its compressive strength. Varying fiber widths had little effect on the mechanical properties of the printed specimens, whereas the spacing between the printing filaments had a significant influence on it. Larger printing spacing lowered the bonding performance between the printing filaments, thereby weakening the mechanical properties of the cement mortar. SEM images revealed that more pores were generated in the printed mortar than in the cast, resulting in the compressive strength of the cast higher than that of the printed. However, the extrusion of the mortar through the nozzle during printing improved the bond strength between the filaments, so the flexural strength of the printed specimens was significantly higher than that of the cast. This study may provide knowledge on recycling waste plastic bags as building materials to alleviate environmental pollution and also reserve resources.

The Effect of Green Marketing and Green Product Implementation on Ecobag Purchasing Decisions at Goodiebag.del Medan

People’s daily activities are inseparable from the use of plastic bags, from supermarkets to small shops, all of them use a plastic bag as a means of storing groceries. Then the remaining use of plastic bags is what causes long-terms damage to the ecosystem and the surrounding natural environment.Because plastic waste is classified as difficult to decompose and if it continues to be sustainable towards the accumulation of plastic waste, it is feared that it will cause air pollution and damage to the surrounding marine ecosystem. This study used quantitative methods and the purpose of this study is to see purchasing decisions through the implementation of green marketing and green products. This study collected data through questionnaire techniques that were distributed to consumers measured by Likert scale and the sampling technique used is saturated sampling. The results showed that green marketing and green products have a significant influence on purchasing decisions.

Investigating key factors influencing consumer plastic bag use reduction in Nanjing, China: A comprehensive SEM-ANN analysis

The widespread use of plastic bags has had negative impacts on society, economy, environment, and health. Understanding consumers' awareness and behavioral intention (BI) to reduce the use of plastic bags is crucial. This study aims to expand the Theory of Planned Behavior（TPB）model and comprehensively analyze the public's attitude and intentions toward reducing the use of plastic bags. The study involved an in-depth analysis of data collected from 317 respondents, employed a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to establish linear relationships among the factors in the theoretical model, and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to assess the predictive accuracy of the significant factors identified by the SEM. The results indicated that convenience(C), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and policy promotion (PP) are key factors influencing consumers' willingness to reduce the use of plastic bags. By introducing new variables, this study has made a contribution to the research in the field of reducing plastic bag usage.

Bisikan atau Suara Lantang: Perjalanan Advokasi Kebijakan Larangan Penggunaan Plastik Sekali-Pakai Melalui Partisipasi Pemuda di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Bali

Policy making in a democratic country must be inclusive—involving the participation of various segments of society, youth is no exception to be left behind. The attempt made by the public to influence this process is called policy advocacy. There are various problems in this country that require policy advocacy, one of which is the climate crisis. Since the problem is quite complex and has many sub-facets, the climate crisis needs a serious policy instrument from the government. One of the issues that is closely related to the climate crisis is the use of single-use plastic bags. This study aims to look at youth participation in policy advocacy related to the ban on the single-use plastic bags in DKI Jakarta and Bali Provinces. Using a qualitative approach, this study compares youth organizations that carry out policy advocacy in each province—namely Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP) in DKI Jakarta and Bye Bye Plastics Bag (BBPB) in Bali. Based on Hart’s ladder of youth participation, it appears that youth participation in GIDKP’s campaign activities is at level 6 (adult-inisiated shared decisions with youth) while BBPB’s is already at level 8 (youth-initiated shared decisions with adults)—but only reaches level 3 (tokenism) for direct government lobbying. Thus, based on Gen and Wright’s framework of policy advocacy strategies , it can be concluded that GIDKP carries out direct reform strategy whilst BBPB tends to use popular power strategy. There needs to be a collaboration between both organization’s specific strategies and competencies to achieve their mutual policy advocacy goal.

Socio-environmental sustainability and Upcycling of health service waste towards sustainability: Reuse of Spundbond Meltblown Spundbond (SMS)

This work aimed to define the steps for the Safe Capture of postconsumer Spundbond Meltblow Spundbond (SMS) non-woven fabric, and to estimate the generation of this material providing conditions for new uses through upcycling in a Surgical Center of a public hospital for means of application in socio-environmental projects. This is a descriptive, exploratory longitudinal study with a quantitative approach. As a result, a proposition was obtained for a new separation system for specific medical waste that is difficult to recycle, called Safe Capture in the Operating Room, as well as the implementation of SMS reuse in new products developed through upcycling, such as ecobags for make available to patients at the University Hospital of Londrina- HU. With the estimated generation of 140.89 grams per surgery or 18 SMS blankets of different sizes, the possibility of planning a storage infrastructure for this material for use in socio-environmental projects was envisaged through the development of products based on upcycling with focus on the circular economy, in this case reported and already implemented, the creative sewing workshop in partnership with the State Penitentiary of Londrina-PEL 02 where 3000 ecobags are made per month to store the belongings of patients, which caused a reduction of a portion of waste that would go to the infectious waste collector and, at the same time, replaced the use of plastic bags with ecobags, reducing costs. Currently, the possibility of using SMS has been expanded to other application niches such as interior design and the pet market, in partnership with the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Londrina, which will revert part of the income from sales of pet products so that the Muda Project have a self-management for the purchase of new equipment and trimmings for the manufacture of products.

Epidemiological characterization and findings in homicides due to suffocation with plastic bags in the city of Medellín, Colombia 2008-2021

IntroductionThis study describes the characteristics of the victims of deaths by homicidal suffocation with plastic bags in the period between 2008 and 2021, in autopsies performed at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of the city of Medellin. Materials and methodsA descriptive, retrospective study was carried out, whose information was obtained from the autopsy reports made by forensic doctors of the institution. ResultsOf the 38 772 autopsies performed, 17 703 were homicides, of which 96 (0.54%) were due to the use of plastic bags to produce death. Of the 96 cases analyzed, 92.7% (89) corresponded to men and 7.3% (7) to women. The young male population between the ages of 15 and 27 was the most affected; 74.4% (71) entered as unidentified corpses and in 17.1% (14) the diagnosis of torture was considered within the analysis of the legal medical necropsy.The findings of suffocation in the external examination were facial congestion 67.1% (55), petechiae in the conjunctivae 63.4% (52), petechiae on the face 28.0% (23), lesions in the internal oral mucosa 61.0% (50), and abrasions in the labial commissures 25.6% (21) due to the use of foreign elements in the oral cavity or the application of maneuvers to cause asphyxia. 58.5% (56) presented signs of trauma in other parts of the body that did not explain the cause of death. 36.4% (35) had plastic bags covering the head and adjusted to the neck with some element, 32.3% (31) transparent tape attached to the plastic bag that covered the head, and 31.3% (30) presented a plastic film with the trade name Vinipel MR. 76.8% (73) had their hands and feet tied when the body was found at the scene. ConclusionThis is the first step to obtain information on the characterization of individuals and their macroscopic findings related to homicide deaths due to suffocation with plastic bags, to warn about the actions of organized criminal groups and their practices in the transnational context. However, its analysis requires an adequate exploration of the scene, the results of the investigations carried out by the authority and the performance of an exhaustive necropsy to achieve a diagnosis.

Assessing the economic and environmental effects of plastic bag management in Thailand: Bangkok and Phuket provinces

Poorly managed plastic waste ends largely in the environment. For example, visible plastic waste causes pollution in the ocean, and Thailand is ranked sixth in the world for plastic waste generation in the ocean. This study was conducted to monitor and assess plastic waste management following the launch of the ‘Thailand Roadmap on Plastic Waste Management (2018–2030)’. The CIPPI model and an impact assessment were used for this purpose. Seventy-three individuals from Thailand's central and local governments were selected to study the plastic bag roadmap. Further, 2378 Thai people and foreign tourists were surveyed about their plastic bag-using behaviours, and thirteen stakeholders were selected for interviews. This study found that the input and output factors were moderate, equalling (x‾ = 2.67, SD = 1.24) and (x‾ = 3.07, SD = 1.20), respectively. Similarly, the process factors were low (x‾ = 2.17, SD 1.29). With respect to outcomes and effects, plastic bag use exhibited a decreasing trend, from 39,983 to 49,816 million bags (−67.03%–83.52%) with a total economic value of 5340–10,408 million baht/year. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions also decreased, at 63,173–78,809-million-kilogram CO2 eq/year. In conclusion, plastic waste management requires cooperation on the part of all sectors. However, it is important for the government to take responsibility for monitoring, assessing, and improving plans to promote consumption and production sustainability following Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.

PERCEPTION OF SUPERMARKET OWNERS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAW N°5414/15

Currently, the country’s businesses are implementing Law 5414/15 for the Promotion of Reduction in the use of polyethylene plastic bags. Supermarket owners are affected by this new reality, given that they are the main distributors of single-use plastic bags for packaging and transporting merchandise. The main objective of this research was to find out the perception of supermarket owners regarding the implementation of said law. Within the framework of this research, the survey was applied as a data collection instrument, through a questionnaire with closed questions, addressed to a population of 10 supermarkets located in the main busiest neighborhoods of Ciudad del Este. This research was developed under the model of the quantitative approach and the descriptive level. With the results of the data collection instrument, it was possible to observe an acceptance by the businessmen since it implies savings in terms of inputs within their installation for the comfort of clients. In addition, it is necessary to implement strategies and awareness campaigns for the final consumer for the correct use of plastic bags in such a way that they can be reused and that their impact on the environment is minimal.

Pro-Environmental Behaviors and Environmental Improvement

Fostering pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) among the young generation is imperative. Based on a micro-survey of Chinese college students, the authors used Logit and ordered Logit model to obtain empirical information on perceived past environmental quality and current PEBs. The authors found that environmental improvement positively impacted various PEBs, including green travel, plastic bag use, garbage sorting, and energy conservation. Better perceived environmental quality leads to increased environmental expectations, motivation to adopt PEBs, and awareness of environmental responsibility. The positive effect is more pronounced for individuals engaged in environmental protection activities, familiar with environmental advocacy, and with a family consensus on environmental protection. These findings were corroborated through robustness tests of alternative methods, samples, and measures. There is a positive feedback loop between a sustainable environment and human behavior. Policy recommendations are offered to further strengthen this symbiotic relationship.

The effect of bags law on environmental behavior and habits-Mersin example

The use of plastic bags (PB) has increased continuously over time because of their multipurpose property. Due to its environmental effects, Türkiye has approved a new law to limit the use of plastic bags. According to the approved Turkish plastic bags law (PBL), plastic bags of 15 microns or more are prohibited from being given to the customer free of charge. The new law’s effects were investigated by applying a face-to-face survey consisting of 13 questions to 1537 people in four districts close to Mersin city center. In addition to that, field surveys were managed to the common markets in the target area. From the target sample, 159 males and 128 females had not bought the PB after the law. Whereas 184 males and 178 females had bought PB for 10 times or more. The monthly income has a weak correlation with the plastic bags purchasing times. Families with 1-3 capita, 4-6 capita, and larger families who never bought plastic bags have moderate negative correlations. Families with 4-6 capita and larger families have a significant strong positive correlation at the (P

A Community-Based Observational Study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Single-Use Plastics Ban in Rural Puducherry, South India

Background: India's industries produce nearly 9,000,000 metric tons of disposable plastic annually. Government of Puducherry implemented a ban on single-use plastics from 1st August 2019. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) levels concerning the use and legislation of single-use plastics among rural Puducherry's community residents. Methods: A 6-month community-based observational study was conducted in rural Puducherry using multistage random sampling among 450 households. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to an adult member (aged > 18 years) in each household before and after the plastic ban. Data collection utilized the Epi-collect 5 application, and SPSS v16 was used for statistical analysis, employing paired t-test and chi-square test (p-value < 0.05) Results: Mean age of study participants was 39.64 (13.23) years, nearly 57% of them were female. Before ban, 80.4% of the subjects were carrying their shopping contents using plastic bags provided by the seller in the rural area, whereas after ban implementation, it has reduced to 16.4%. Mean KAP score before ban was 8 +2.8 (95% CI: 7.7-8.2) and after ban, it increased to 15.2 +1.8 (95% CI: 15-15.4). The pre- and post-ban KAP scores differences were found to be statistically significant (p-value < 0.05). The perception of the law banning the use of plastic bags was found to be significantly higher in younger age group, female gender, and groups with higher educational and occupational status (p = 0.01) Conclusion: The study results will be useful for planning future needs and Information, Education Communication strategies for effective implementation and plastic use reduction in future.

Caracterización epidemiológica y hallazgos en homicidios por sofocación con bolsas de plástico en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia 2008-2021

IntroductionThis study describes the characteristics of the victims of deaths by homicidal suffocation with plastic bags in the period between 2008 and 2021, in autopsies performed at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of the city of Medellín. Materials and methodsA descriptive, retrospective study was carried out, whose information was obtained from the autopsy reports made by forensic doctors of the institution. ResultsOf the 38,772 autopsies performed, 17,703 were homicides, of which 96 (0.54%) were due to the use of plastic bags to produce death. Of the 96 cases analyzed, 92.7% (89) corresponded to men and 7.3% (7) to women. The young male population between the ages of 15 and 27 was the most affected; 74.4% (71) entered as unidentified corpses and in 17.1% (14) the diagnosis of torture was considered within the analysis of the legal medical necropsy.The findings of suffocation in the external examination were facial congestion 67.1% (55), petechiae in the conjunctivae 63.4% (52), petechiae on the face 28.0% (23), lesions in the internal oral mucosa 61.0% (50), and abrasions in the labial commissures 25.6% (21) due to the use of foreign elements in the oral cavity or application of asphyctic maneuvers. 58.5% (56) presented signs of trauma in other parts of the body that did not explain the cause of death. 36.4% (35) had plastic bags covering the head and adjusted to the neck with some element, 32.3% (31) transparent tape attached to the plastic bag that covered the head and 31.3% (30) presented a plastic film with the trade name Vinipel MR. 76.8% (73) had their hands and feet tied when the body was found at the scene. ConclusionThis is the first step to obtain information on the characterization of individuals and their macroscopic findings related to homicide deaths due to suffocation with plastic bags, to warn about the actions of organized criminal groups and their practices in the transnational context. However, its analysis requires an adequate exploration of the scene, the results of the investigations carried out by the authority and the performance of an exhaustive necropsy to achieve a diagnosis.

Limitations on the Use of Plastic Shopping Bags in Modern Retail

This research was conducted to describe and analyze the Implementation of Restrictions on the Use of Plastic Shopping Bags in Modern Retailers based on Jambi Mayor Regulation Number 61 of 2018 concerning Restrictions on the Use of Plastic Shopping Bags at the Jambi City Environment Service. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research with an inductive approach with the aim of a clear, in-depth and systematic description of the Implementation of restrictions on the use of plastic shopping bags in modern retail. This policy aims to reduce the use of plastic or single-use shopping bags. The focus of this research consists of four aspects: communication, resources, disposition, bureaucratic structure, and the driving factors and inhibiting factors for implementing restrictions on the use of plastic shopping bags at the Jambi City Environment Service. Data collection techniques, namely, interview techniques, observation and documentation, were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation and concluding. The results of this study state that policy implementation has not been optimal because there are still constraints from human resources and limited budgets, and there is no standard operating procedure (SOP) in policy implementation. Business actors are required to implement non-plastic bags, and business actors carry out communication, information and education strategies to consumers, but this has yet to be realized optimally. Public legal awareness still needs to be improved in fulfilling this policy.

The impact of marketing mix on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction as mediating variable

The drastic changes that have taken place in Indonesia have changed human lives. Humans who are already dependent on using plastic bags, should slowly reduce the use of plastic bags by the government. Due to government regulations, many companies that produce plastic bags and shops that sell plastic bags suffer losses. Therefore, plastic bag companies and shops that sell plastic bags must be clever in managing their marketing. This study was influenced by previous research that sought the effect of marketing mix (4P) on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction. This research was conducted to understand the impact of marketing mix on customer loyalty in Surabaya, using customer satisfaction as a mediator. This research uses quantitative research methods, with 100 respondents aged 17 years or older, who have used plastic bags and lived in Surabaya. Respondents will fill in the questionnaire given using the Google form. This research found that the product has an impact on customer satisfaction; price has an impact on customer satisfaction; place has an impact on customer satisfaction; promotion has an impact on customer satisfaction; customer satisfaction has an impact on customer loyalty; customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between product and customer loyalty; customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between price and customer loyalty; customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between place and customer loyalty; customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between promotion and customer loyalty.

Socioeconomic Impacts of Sustainability Practices in the Production and Use of Carrier Bags

Although the negative environmental impact of plastic carrier bags has long been known, their use in Europe continues undiminished. Lithuania stands out for its high use and production of plastic bags. Governments and sustainability-driven businesses are taking various measures to reduce the environmental impact. Such measures include strategies to replace conventional plastic bags with paper or bioplastic bags, to reduce plastic bags by encouraging consumers to reuse them, and similar strategies. In contrast to the environmental impact of plastic bags, the socioeconomic effects of strategies to reduce their use have been much less studied in the scientific literature. Therefore, this paper analyses the impact of sustainability practices in the producing and using of carrier bags on Lithuania’s gross domestic product (GDP), employment and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study uses the CleanProdLT computable general equilibrium model based on the latest available data for 2020. The model allows for analysis of economy-wide effects by considering cleaner production and more sustainable consumption scenarios at different levels of detail. The results of the analysis show that while the analysed substitution of plastic bags with bioplastic (BioPlastic scenario) or paper bags (PaperBags scenario) has positive socioeconomic impacts, the overall best results can be achieved by reducing their consumption (ConsReduction scenario). In detail, it is estimated that the GDP could increase by EUR 18 million under the PaperBags scenario, by EUR 47 million under the BioPlastic scenario, and by EUR 64 million under the ConsReduction scenario. At the same time, employment increases by 213 jobs, 891 jobs, and 449 jobs, respectively. While the PaperBags and the BioPlastic scenarios reveal increases in GHG emissions of 4.5 ktCO2eq. and 29 ktCO2eq., respectively, the ConsReduction scenario demonstrates a decrease in GHG emissions of 4 ktCO2eq.. These findings suggest that the recent policy decision to charge for plastic bags in supermarkets will have positive environmental and socioeconomic impacts in the future.

Hazards to Plastic Polymeric Bags and Their Effects on Humans and the Environment in Basra Governorate \ Iraq

Plastics are materials that are indispensable and persistent in daily life and can be broken down into micro- or nanoplastics. They consist of lengthy polymer chains combined with additives that, when in touch with various species, may be harmful. The polymer matrix, additives, breakdown products, and pollutants that have been adsorbed can all cause toxicity. Plastics are manufactured from nonrenewable resources, are nonbiodegradable by nature, and can endure in the environment for a long time, So one of the main causes of the risks to the environment and public health is the use of plastic and polythene bags. This study was conducted to determine the present level of awareness among residents of the Basra Governorate of Iraq of the environmental and health risks associated with the use of plastic bags. In Basra Governorate, a survey was carried out in January and February of 2019. Data was collected by questionnaire e survey to any adult person. The majority of participants (76.82 %) were aware of the risks to their health and the environment but continued to use the product since it was so readily available and durable.

Tingkat Partisipasi Pelaku Usaha dan Strategi dalam Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Belanja Plastik di Pasar Rakyat Kota Jambi dengan Menggunakan Analisis SWOT

Plastic waste is the number 1 contributor to waste in Jambi City based on data from SIPSN KHLK, 2021. This study aims to describe the level of participation of business actors, and the SWOT strategy for reducing the use of plastic shopping bags in the people's market in Jambi City. This study used two types of respondents, namely 7 experts and 93 public respondents with a questionnaire as a data collection instrument.The results of this study are: 1. The total value of the participation rate of business actors in the policy of reducing the use of plastic bags in people's markets is 22. So with a total score of 22, it can be classified into the category of low participation rate because it is between 0 to 33. Business actor participation is included in the Nonparticipation in the SWOT diagram it is included in quadrant I, which is a combination of strengths and opportunities (SO strategy) namely reducing the accumulation of plastic waste, creating business opportunities, changing people's habits in shop using environmentally friendly bags and make Jambi City a Pilot City for a City Without Plastic