Plasma Treated Polyester Fabric Research Articles

Application of Lavender-Oil Microcapsules to Functionalized PET Fibers.

Surface treatments for textile substrates have received significant attention from researchers around the world. Ozone and plasma treatments trigger a series of surface alterations in textile substrates that can improve the anchoring of other molecules or particles on these substrates. This work aims to evaluate the effect of ozone and plasma treatments on the impregnation of polymeric microcapsules containing lavender oil in polyester fabrics (PES). Microcapsules with walls of chitosan and gum arabic were prepared by complex coacervation and impregnated in PES, plasma-treated PES, and ozone-treated PES by padding. The microcapsules were characterized for their size and morphology and the surface-treated PES was evaluated by FTIR, TGA, SEM, and lavender release. The microcapsules were spherical in shape, with smooth surfaces. The FTIR analyses of the textile substrates with microcapsules showed bands referring to the polymers of the microcapsules, but not to the lavender; this was most likely because the smooth surface of the outer wall did not retain the lavender. The mass loss and the degradation temperatures measured by TGA were similar for all the ozone-treated and plasma-treated polyester samples. In the SEM images, spherical microcapsules and the impregnation of the microcapsules of larger sizes were perceived. Through the lavender release, it was observed that the plasma and ozone treatments interfered both with the amount of lavender delivered and with the control of the delivery.

Preparation of BiOCl Photocatalyst and Its Finishing on Plasma Treated Polyester Fabric

Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and sodium chloride were used as raw materials to prepare BiOCl photocatalyst at different pH values by a hydrothermal method. Polyester fabric was treated by plasma and then finished by BiOCl at different concentrations. BiOCl and BiOCl finished polyester fabric were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS and DRS. The photocatalytic property of BiOCl and the self-cleaning activity of polyester fabric were tested. The degradation rate of rhodamine B in the presence of BiOCl prepared under acidic condition was as high as 98.3%. The self-cleaning effect and UV resistance of BiOCl finished polyester fabrics were significantly better than those of polyester fabric, and increased with the increase of BiOCl concentration. The tensile property did not change significantly.

THE EFFECT OF PLASMA TREATMENT ON THE PRINTABILITY OF POLYESTER FABRIC USING COCHINEAL NATURAL DYE

Use of synthetic dyes for dyeing of textile fabrics is most problematic environmental concerned for textile industry. The demand of natural colourants for the dyeing of textile fabrics has been increasing. Thus, sustainable novel technologies for textile dyeing are needed that utilize improved colour strength and enhanced performance characteristics of the fabric. This study attempts to highlight the possibility of using cochineal natural dye in the printing of polyester fabrics after surface modification by O2/Ar plasma treatment. The colour strength, air permeability, crease recovery angle of printed fabrics, colour fastness to rubbing, washing and light, were also studied. The surfaces of untreated and plasma-treated polyester fabrics were analysed by SEM to compare the morphological changes. Surface roughness and cracks were indicated after the plasma pretreatment. The results indicated that plasma treatment could improve the printability of polyester fabric compared with untreated samples, with enhanced the adhesion and penetration of printing paste to the surface. The air permeability of printed fabrics has decreased, while the angle of crease recovery has increased. The fastness properties of printed samples were found suitable to very good.

Dyeing performance and antibacterial properties of air-atmospheric plasma treated polyester fabric using bio-based Haematoxylum campechianum L. dye, without mordants

A hydrophobic polyester fabric with a prior surface activation using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) treatment was successfully dyed with natural Logwood dye (Haematoxylum campechianum L.) applying successive padding steps. Chemical and physical surface modifications were characterized by specific wettability measurements (water contact angle-WCA and % capillarity), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential assessments and chemical quantification assay using ortho toluidine blue dye (TBO) before and after the DBD experiment. Padding processes without and with an ecofriendly formaldehyde-free acrylate binder and bioactive agent chitosan, were tested and the resulting dyeing performances were compared in terms of color strength and fastness properties. Significant color strengths were noted on the plasma activated polyester fabrics without the use of mordants. Results were highly dependent of the selected padding method used. While color intensity (K/S) depended on fixation temperature, the plasma treatment enhanced the K/S values and led to very good wash fastness (4/5). Combination of plasma treatment and acrylate binder further enhanced the fastness including rub fastness (4/5). In addition, results showed that the wet pick-up rate of dye solution was 40% higher after plasma treatment. This result was related to the new chemical and physical modification of polyester fiber surface properties after plasma treatment. Dyeing of plasma treated polyester fiber with a bio-based logwood dye without any addition of metallic mordant while imparting antibacterial properties, was found to be a promising strategy opening up a suitable eco-option for replacing some of the hazardous dyes and intermediates used in textile dyeing.

Quality characteristics of plasma treated polyester fabric

Quality characteristics of plasma treated polyester fabric

Crosslinking of Sericin on air atmospheric plasma treated polyester fabric

Durable and highly hydrophilic polyester fabric was produced by cross-linking Sericin on air-atmospheric plasma treated polyester fabric. Surface change properties were characterized by wettability measurements (water contact angle-WCA and % capillarity), Atomic Force Microscopy and zeta potential measurements. Chemical analyses using TBO dye were carried out to estimate surface functional groups after plasma treatment and Sericin cross-linking. Positive zeta potential values at low pH values, as well as AFM images confirm grafting of Sericin. With Sericin cross-linked onto both cleaned PET and plasma-treated PET, WCA reached that of PET subjected to plasma treatment alone, that is WCA between 40° and 46° compared to 81° for the hydrophobic untreated polyester fabric. However, plasma-treated polyester is readily subjected to aging, while cross-linked Sericin on plasma-treated PET yields a more durable hydrophilic finish with a high capillarity, 85% compared to 39% for Sericin on the untreated PET, and 3% for the untreated PET fabric. Plasma treatment creates chain-scissions at the polymer surface leading to the appearance of polar groups which promote the cross-linking of greater amount of Sericin.

Environmentally friendly surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric by low-temperature oxygen plasma and carboxymethyl chitosan

Polyester fiber is one of the most important materials for textile manufacturing. However, the conventional antistatic finishing processes for polyester involve numerous energies and chemicals, with corresponding environmental pollution. In this work the synergetic effects of low-temperature oxygen plasma (P) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (N) treatments on the antistatic and antibacterial properties of polyester fabrics were investigated. The physicochemical changes in polyester fabric surface were detected by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). After treatment with low-temperature oxygen plasma, larger amounts of oxygen containing polar groups appeared on the surface of fabrics. Together with N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan treatment, the loading efficiency was significantly improved. In comparison with an oxygen plasma or N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan treatment solely, good water absorbency of polyester fabric was achieved by their combined treatment (PN). Treatment with N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan delivered good antistatic property of fabrics. Moreover, the N and PN treated fabrics showed 19.4% and 38.8% bacterial reduction against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, Gram positive), respectively. However, all the treated polyester fabrics had no obviously antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli (E. coli, Gram-negative). The potential mechanism of the surface modification was also proposed, and then an appropriate attachment process of N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan on the surface of the plasma treated polyester fabric was suggested. These findings indicate that the proposed process can provide good antistatic performance for polyester fabrics with a minimum of pollution.

Effect of Argon Plasma Treatment Variables on Wettability and Antibacterial Properties of Polyester Fabrics

In this research work, the effect of argon plasma treatment variables on the comfort and antibacterial properties of polyester fabric has been investigated. The SEM micrographs and FTIR analysis confirms the modification of fabric surface. The Box–Behnken design was used for the optimization of plasma process variables and to evaluate the effects and interactions of the process variables, i.e. operating power, treatment time and distance between the electrodes on the characteristics of polyester fabrics. The optimum conditions of operating power 600 W, treatment time 30 s, and the distance between the electrodes of 2.8 mm was arrived using numerical prediction tool in Design-Expert software. The plasma treated polyester fabrics showed better fabric characteristics particularly in terms of water vapour permeability, wickability and antibacterial activity compared to untreated fabrics, which confirms that the modified structure of polyester fabric.

Study on the effect of plasma treatment of woven polyester fabrics with respect to nisin adsorption and antibacterial activity

AbstractThe effect of plasma treatment of polyester (PET) fabric with respect to nisin adsorption and antibacterial activity was studied. Both cleaned untreated PET fabric and plasma‐treated PET fabric were separately dipped in aqueous nisaplin solution with 0.5 and 1% of nisin, for 24 h under stirring, and then dried. With 1% of nisin, high and immediate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was observed, and this activity was maintained even after 24 h. However, with 0.5% of nisin, no immediate bacterial reduction was observed, and only the untreated PET fabric exhibited antibacterial activity after 24 h. Only nisin molecules which can diffuse from the fabric can impart antibacterial activity, as demonstrated by the absence of bacterial inhibition zone after complete removal of releasable nisin in water. The desorption capacity of nisin from the fabric into water was monitored by tensiometry, while the presence of residual strongly sorbed nisin on the fabric was confirmed by wettability, zeta potential measurements, and wash durability test after nisin coloration by a protein dye. Plasma treatment, which increases the hydrophilic behavior of the PET fabric (WCA reduced from 80° to 42°), increases considerably the quantities of strongly and weakly sorbed nisin. However, it does not improve antibacterial activity compared to the PET fabric without plasma treatment. The reduced mobility of the nisin molecules due to chemisorption of the first layers of nisin on the plasma treated PET fabric can explain the reduced antibacterial activity with 0.5% nisin. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

Use of dielectric barrier discharge in air for surface modification of polyester substrate to confer durable wettability and enhance dye uptake with natural dye eco-alizarin

In the present work, polyester film and fabric were exposed to dielectric barrier discharge in air at atmospheric pressure to increase wettability and dye uptake properties. The surface of dielectric barrier discharge treated samples was analyzed using contact angle goniometer, scanning electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The plasma was characterized electrically and optically to understand plasma chemistry. Significant improvement in wettability of polyester substrate and substantial decrease in water contact angle at surface of polyester film after plasma treatment were attributed to the formation of polar functional groups and is due to morphological changes. The aging effect was also studied on plasma treated polyester surface. Polyester fabric was dyed with natural dispersive dye eco-alizarin. K/S value has increased significantly from 5.29 for untreated to 9.25 for air plasma treated polyester fabric, which clearly indicate an increase in color intensity on plasma exposed polyester fabric as well as an increase in dye uptake in comparison to untreated fabric.

Surface physical–morphological and chemical changes leading to performance enhancement of atmospheric pressure plasma treated polyester fabrics for inkjet printing

Without any preprocessing, polyester fabric has lower ability to hold on water due to the smooth morphology and chemistry property of polyester fibers. Therefore, patterns directly printed with pigment inks have poor color yields and easily bleed. In this paper, atmospheric pressure plasma was used to pretreat polyester fabric in order to provide an active surface for the inkjet printing. The results showed that surface-modified polyester fabrics could obtain the effects of features with enhanced color yields and excellent pattern sharpness. SEM images indicated that the rough surface of plasma treated fibers could provide more capacities for the fabric to capture inks and also facilitate the penetration of colorant particles into the polyester fabric. XPS analysis revealed that air + 50%Ar plasma introduced more oxygen-containing groups onto the fabric surface than air plasma. Although AFM images indicated that etching effects generated by air plasma treatments were more evident, the air/Ar plasma treated sample has higher K/ S value and better color performance. These studies have also shown that the chemical modification of plasma appears to be relatively more significant for improving the effect of inkjet printing.

Evaluating antistatic performance of plasma-treated polyester

Use of low temperature plasma treatment has been attempted in the textile industry and there the has been some success in the dyeing and finishing processes. In this paper, an attempt was made to apply low temperature plasma treatment to improve the antistatic property of polyester fabric. The polyester fabrics were treated under different conditions with low temperature plasma. An orthogonal array testing strategy was employed for obtaining the optimum treatment condition. After low temperature plasma treatment, the polyester fabrics were evaluated with different characterization methods. Under the observation of scanning electron microscope, the surface structure of the polyester fabric treated by low temperature plasma was found to be seriously altered which provided more capacity for polyester to capture moisture and hence increased the static charges dissipation. The relationship between moisture content and half-life decay time for static charges was studied and the results showed that the increase in moisture content would result in shortening of the time for static charges dissipation. Moreover, the antistatic property of the low temperature plasma treated polyester fabric was greatly improved. In addition, the antistatic property of the polyester fabric treated by low temperature plasma was compared with that of the polyester fabric treated with a commercial antistatic finishing agent.

Contact angle determination on plasma‐treated poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics and foils

AbstractThe surfaces of polyester (PET) fabrics and foils were modified by low‐pressure RF plasmas with air, CO2, water vapor as well as Ar/O2 and He/O2 mixtures. To increase the wettability of the fabrics, the plasma processing parameters were optimized by means of a suction test with water. It was found that low pressure (10–16 Pa) and medium power (10–16 W) yielded a good penetration of plasma species in the textile structure for all oxygen‐containing gases and gaseous mixtures used. While the wettability of the PET fabric was increased in all cases, the Ar/O2 plasma revealed the best hydrophilization effect with respect to water suction and aging. The hydrophilization of PET fabrics was closely related to the surface oxidation and was characterized by XPS analysis. Static and advancing contact angles were determined from the capillary rise with water. Both wetting and aging demonstrated a good comparability between plasma‐treated PET fabrics and foils, thus indicating a uniform treatment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1452–1458, 2006