We investigated associations of dietary patterns with plasma levels of adipokines and inflammatory markers [i.e., adiponectin, resistin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1)] in 3,636 non‐diabetic Chinese men who are participants of the Shanghai Men’s Health Study. Using the interviewer‐administered, validated food frequency questionnaire data, three dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis (i.e., “Vegetable”, “Fruit and Milk”, and “Meat” patterns). We evaluated the correlation of the dietary pattern scores with adipokines and inflammatory markers while adjusting for covariates. The mean age and body mass index of the participants were 50.9 years and 23.4 kg/m2, respectively. Nearly three‐quarters of the participants were current smokers. The Vegetable pattern was inversely correlated with resistin (r=‐0.04, P=0.02), but positively correlated with MCP‐1 (r=0.04, P=0.02). The Fruit and Milk pattern was inversely correlated with IL‐8 (r=‐0.07, P=0.0001), MCP‐1 (r=‐0.04, P=0.03) and PAI‐1 (r=‐0.05, P=0.003). The Meat pattern was positively correlated with MCP‐1 (r=0.04, P=0.03) and PAI‐1 (r=0.07, P=0.0001). Our study sheds light on potential biological mechanisms underlying the dietary patterns and chronic disease associations.Grant Funding Source: This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 CA082729).