Risk Management Plan Research Articles

Building knowledge and capacity for climate change risk management in the health sector: The case of Queensland

In 2019, the Queensland Department of Health and National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility at Griffith University co-produced three resources to support Queensland Hospital and Health Service (HHS) staff to identify and manage present-day and future risks from climate change. The first resource is two templates to be completed in order to develop a risk management plan: the high-level Scan Cycle template, and the Detailed Cycle template for evaluation of serious risks requiring urgent action. Second, the Guidelines lead the user through the process. Third, an Almanac provides supporting information and links to additional resources. Together, these resources deliver a comprehensive set of tools, known as the ‘Guidance’, to support and guide HHS staff to address their climate change risks. A programme of training workshops was carried out throughout Queensland, taking staff from all HHS sectors through the templates and providing opportunity for in-depth discussion of their risks. Some gaps in the Guidance were identified in the workshops, for example the need to include humidity in the climate scenarios for Queensland’s subtropical and tropical environments, and to consider system-wide interdependencies when identifying effective adaptation strategies for the highly complex HHSs. Some barriers to effective utilisation of the Guidance include, for example its complexity balanced against the time available to staff. The Guidance is an effective tool to promote and guide adaptation action, but in itself is insufficient – it requires senior management support and financing, and possibly regulatory reporting requirements, in order to properly fulfil its role.

ORGANIZATION OF SAFETY CULTURE FORMATION AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM

Universities are of strategic importance in National Defense and Disaster Risk Management (DRM). The formation of a system for coping with the Risk of Disasters is important to increase the confrontation of the Country from the Disasters. Disaster Risk Management is the development of “Distress Risk Management Plans”, as a tool for the formation and distribution of Safety Culture. These strategies can significantly aid in hazard prevention, consequence mitigation, and situational management. The study of Disaster Risk Management processes in the article is based on the DRM plan of the Armenian State University of Economics. The plan presents the university's DRM priorities, emphasizes the main hazards, the most vulnerable elements, material and non-material capacities of the University. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the Disaster Risks in the University and to select the recommended measures resulting from this. The process of effective planning and implementation of DRM is an important part of the university management system.

INTEGRATING SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY INTO ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

In today's globalized business landscape, enterprises face increasing reliance on intricate supply chains to deliver goods and services efficiently. However, this interconnectedness exposes organizations to diverse risks, exacerbated by factors like natural disasters, geopolitical tensions, and technological vulnerabilities. The COVID-19 pandemic further emphasized the vulnerability of supply chains, prompting the urgent need for robust risk management strategies. Interstate conflicts also significantly influence supply chain risks, posing challenges such as trade disruptions and security vulnerabilities. To mitigate these risks, enterprises must adopt proactive risk management strategies, enhance supply chain resilience, and leverage technology-enabled solutions for real-time monitoring and response. 
 The study examines supply chain risk management (SCRM) practices in healthcare establishments in Algeria and Ukraine, comparing countries with differing healthcare systems. The research aims to identify disparities in SCRM approaches and their consequences. Results reveal that while both countries prioritize technology for predictive analysis, Algerian managers emphasize collaboration with other institutions. 
 The study suggests integrating SCRM technology into enterprise management system, prioritizing advanced technological solutions, scenario planning, collaborative partnerships, comprehensive risk management plans, continuous monitoring, and strengthening supplier relationships to enhance supply chain resilience and continuity in healthcare service delivery. These findings underscore the importance of efficient SCRM strategies in mitigating supply chain disruptions and ensuring uninterrupted healthcare services. By implementing these strategic measures, healthcare establishments can enhance their SCRM capabilities, thus promoting resilience, efficiency, and continuity in healthcare service delivery across diverse healthcare systems.

Risk Management Strategies in the Global Business Environment: Analysis of Complex Dependencies and Effectiveness of Measures

"The study investigates risk management strategies within the global business environment, focusing on the analysis of intricate dependencies and the efficacy of corresponding measures. The significance of this research arises from the contemporary reality wherein the business environment contends with a multitude of influential factors capable of altering the organizational dynamics of the business realm. Consequently, enterprises and companies must cultivate preparedness for diverse factors that threaten their sustained viability. The article deliberates on risk management strategies within the global business environment, emphasizing the analysis of complex dependencies and the effectiveness of implemented measures. The significance of risk management in the current stage of development is delineated. The essence of risk management strategies is explicitly defined, and factors that possess the potential to impact the operational dynamics of enterprises adversely are systematically examined. The paper outlines various methods of risk management planning, including acceptance, transfer, avoidance, and reduction. The specific application nuances of each method are expounded upon. Additionally, the interrelationship between risk management methods and strategies is delineated, providing clarity on their respective roles and contributions. The examination of risk management strategies encompasses the analysis of specific approaches, namely the one percent strategy, stop-loss and take-profit order strategy, diversification and hedging, exit strategy, and research strategy. The study identifies the predominant domains wherein each strategy is frequently employed, elucidating their fundamental characteristics and discerning their impact on alterations within the company’s operations. Furthermore, illustrative examples of these strategies are provided to enhance understanding. The summary of risk management strategy implementation in the enterprise’s activities is presented, elucidating the principal aspects, stages, and procedural framework. The determination of the impact of implementation on the company’s operations and its capacity to mitigate risks is systematically addressed."

Sunyani’s Flood Risk Landscape: An In-Depth Examination

Disaster is the only event that can set back most goals achieved in decades in just an event. The ability to cope with the onset and aftermath of flood disasters poses a great challenge for municipal administrators around the world. Sunyani Municipality is vulnerable to flood disasters because of its growing population, dependency on climate for livelihoods, low-income levels, non-existence of insurance policies, weak government institutions, and inadequate funds to manage the municipality. Sunyani Municipality lacks a flood risk management plan to deal with mitigating the hazard, managing it when it occurs and restoring normalcy after the event. Flood-prone map was generated using digital elevation, hydrological datasets, land use maps of Sunyani coupled with flood models which were informed by the land use and Spatial Planning Unit regulation. A questionnaire was used to ascertain information from persons leaving within the flood-prone area. A total of one hundred and fifty (150) respondents. Major hazards Identified are climate hydrological (Riverine and urban flooding). The spatial location of the riverine flood is along the major rivers in the municipality. The other type of flood in the municipality is the urban/flash floods. Although, the areas experiencing the flash floods are built-up or residential areas, field visits indicated that most of the residential buildings are currently sitting in a flow accumulation path, which impedes the movement of rainwater after downpours. As such, the easy spillage of water into houses and shops. The flooding of some of the municipality’s major routes will affect economic activities.

Contributing Factors to Adverse Events in Long-Term Care Facilities in Ireland, a Content Analysis

ObjectivesThere is substantial research on contributing factors to adverse events (AEs) in acute settings. Little is known about AEs in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Our aim was to identify contributing factors to AEs from LTCFs for older persons and people with disability to inform quality improvement. DesignContent analysis of statutory notifications of AEs from LTCFs using a modified version of the Human Factors Analysis and Classifications System (HFACS) applied to health care. SettingA sample of high risk-rated notifications of AEs received by the regulator in 2018 and 2019 was drawn from the Database of Statutory Notifications from Social Care in Ireland (n = 156). MethodsTwo researchers independently analyzed notifications to identify contributing factors using our modified HFACS. The number of factors identified in each level, subcategory, and nanocode of the HFACS was calculated along with percentage representation of factors within notifications and percentage contribution of individual factors to the total number of factors identified. The number and percentage contributions of factors were also calculated, disaggregated by notification type. ResultsContributing factors from all levels of the HFACS were identified. The most common contributing factor was “Resident factors” followed by “Unsafe acts.” No contributing factors were attributed to 68 notifications (43.6%). Multiple contributing factors were attributed to 45 notifications (28.8%). The largest percentage of factors was identified in notifications of serious injuries (27.4%). Conclusion and ImplicationsIt is the responsibility of LTCFs to account for “Resident factors” in system design, risk management, and care plans. Developing systems and processes that identify where residents have higher risk of harm may reduce the occurrence of high-risk events and thus improve resident safety. The large proportion of notifications where no contributing factors were identified suggests the need for improved reflection and reporting from LTCFs and for more specific questions on notification forms.

The Coaching Principles Self - Study: Outdoor Sports Events Coach Experiences

This qualitative descriptive study deals with the coaching principles of outdoor sports events as the coaches’ experience. The study was conducted at the Physical Education and Health Sciences of Chongqing Normal University in China. The researcher utilized 10 coaches of outdoor sports including volleyball, tennis, track and field, and football coaches who were chosen using the purposive sampling. The study therefore recommends that: 1) Coaches should prioritize their own development by staying updated with the latest coaching techniques, sports science, and research. 2) Adopting a student-centered approach involves understanding the unique needs and abilities of each individual on the team. 3) Coaches should develop well-structured training plans and set clear, achievable goals for both the team and individual athletes. 4) Coaches should foster a positive and supportive environment where athletes feel encouraged to learn and grow. 5) Coaches must conduct risk assessments and develop risk management plans to ensure the safety and well-being of their team. 6) Building strong team unity and positive relationships among team members can lead to improved cooperation and performance. 7) Recognizing that athletes have different learning styles and needs, coaches should tailor their teaching methods to accommodate individual differences.

Risk analysis in underground tunnel construction with tunnel boring machines using the Best–Worst method and data envelopment analysis

BackgroundThe use of tunnel boring machines is continuously increasing; however, this activity faces many risks, resulting in negative events. MethodsA novel approach using the best–worst method and a data envelopment analysis model was proposed to analyze the risks of underground tunnel construction with tunnel boring machines. The proposed approach was validated using a realistic case study of metro construction in Thailand. ResultsThe proposed approach efficiently analyzed the risks and produced more solid findings. The most critical and least affected risks can be identified according to risk scores in descending order. ImplicationThis study contributes a new method of risk analysis that benefits project managers and stakeholders who design risk management plans to reduce the occurrence and mitigate the severity of metro works. OriginalityThe new risk analysis can obtain the best compromise ranking of risks based on decision-makers’ preferences, probabilities, and various consequences under different circumstances.

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The study investigates risk management strategies within the global business environment, focusing on the analysis of intricate dependencies and the efficacy of corresponding measures. The significance of this research arises from the contemporary reality wherein the business environment contends with a multitude of influential factors capable of altering the organizational dynamics of the business realm. Consequently, enterprises and companies must cultivate preparedness for diverse factors that pose potential risks to their sustained viability. The article deliberates on risk management strategies within the global business environment, emphasizing the analysis of complex dependencies and the effectiveness of implemented measures. The significance of risk management in the current stage of development is delineated. The essence of risk management strategies is explicitly defined, and factors that possess the potential to adversely impact the operational dynamics of enterprises are systematically examined. The paper outlines various methods of risk management planning, including acceptance, transfer, avoidance, and reduction. The specific application nuances of each method are expounded upon. Additionally, the interrelationship between risk management methods and strategies is delineated, providing clarity on their respective roles and contributions. The examination of risk management strategies encompasses the analysis of specific approaches, namely the one per cent strategy, stop-loss and take-profit order strategy, diversification and hedging, exit strategy, and research strategy. The study identifies the predominant domains wherein each strategy is frequently employed, elucidating their fundamental characteristics and discerning their impact on alterations within the company's operations. Furthermore, illustrative examples of these strategies are provided to enhance understanding. The summary of risk management strategy implementation in the enterprise's activities is presented, elucidating the principal aspects, stages, and procedural framework. The determination of the impact of implementation on the company's operations and its capacity to mitigate risks is systematically addressed.

Risk-based regionalization approach for area-wide management of HLB vectors in the Mediterranean Basin.

Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most devastating citrus diseases worldwide. It is associated with the non-culture bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp., which can be transmitted by grafting and/or the psyllid vectors Diaphorina citri (ACP) and Trioza erytreae (AfCP). Although HLB has not been reported in the Mediterranean Basin to date, both vectors are present, and thus represent a serious threat to the citrus industry in this region. Resistant citrus cultivars or effective therapeutic treatments are not currently available for HLB. Nevertheless, area-wide pest management via coordinated management efforts over large areas has been implemented in Brazil, China and the USA for HLB control. This study proposes an open access flexible methodology to address area-wide management of both HLB vectors in the Mediterranean Basin. Based on a risk-based approach which considers climatic information and other variables that may influence vector introduction and spread, such as conventional, organic, abandoned and residential citrus areas as well as transportation corridors, an area-wide management division in pest management areas (PMAs) is proposed. The size and location of these PMAs were estimated by means of a hierarchical clustering algorithm with spatial constraints whose performance was assessed under different configuration scenarios. This proposal may assist policymakers and the citrus industry of the citrus-growing areas of the Mediterranean Basin in risk management planning in the case of the spread of HLB vectors or a possible introduction of the disease. Additionally, it may be a valuable resource to inform opinion dynamic models, enabling the identification of pivotal factors for the success of control measures.

OPTIMIZING TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND MITIGATING RISKS: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTION SUPPLY CHAIN CHALLENGES

The effectiveness of the transportation system aids in the successful economic development of any nation, as studies by foreign scientists have shown that road transport is one of the most critical contributors to budget revenue. Nevertheless, the quality of the products and services offered to the end user affects any company's reputation, market share, and financial stability. Being proactive is essential to ensuring low-risk impact, which entails developing a risk management plan to support the operation through well-defined policies and practices. On the one hand, the company will thus be able to differentiate itself in an often competitive market by implementing an effective shipping protocol that considers and plans risks; on the other hand, it will guarantee its customers a timely delivery, as planned. This article focuses on the various problems affecting the distribution supply chain and the negative consequences for the company's image and financial performance.

A participant observation methodology to analyse social functions, gender, class, and gastronomic practices in food-centric organizations: From the Gastronomic Societies in San Sebastián to the world

Departing from the Gastronomic Societies in San Sebastián, Spain, we propose a scientific, scalable, method for participant observation in civic and cultural arenas where gastronomy is the key connector between members (such as gastronomic confraternities, diaspora organizations, “casas regionales”, “peñas”, among others). This model combines a structured combination of qualitative methods like ethnography, that comprises interviews and a field diary, netnography, focus group(s), questionary(ies) and bibliographic review with archives searching. An adjustable framework on the objectives, research question and hypothesis are also presented. Besides, the model also comprises recommendations regarding the research steps (“working packages”), a risk management plan, the selection of a facilitator, the way to create trust and address serendipity, as well as it draws recommendations on research validation of tools by experts, followed by pilot testing guidelines.

Human health risk assessment of PM10-bound heavy metals and PAHs around the Latin America’s Largest opencast coal mine

Air pollution in opencast coal mine areas is a critical issue, resulting in harmful severe effects on human health. Therefore, it is essential to understand the air pollution factors and to assess the risks to humans. This study evaluated the potential risks (carcinogen and non-carcinogen) of inhalation exposure to PM10-bound heavy metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an open pit mine in northern Colombia. During February-May 2022, PM10 samples were collected at eight sites. Heavy metals (i.e., Al, Cr(VI), Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Pb) and PAHs (thirteen priority PAHs, and one non-priority PAH) levels linked to PM10 were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, respectively. PM10 concentrations were found to range between 4.70 and 59.90 µg m−3. Out of the three different zones of the study area (i.e., North Zone, South Zone, and Populated Zone), the North Zone recorded the highest daily average concentrations of Cr(VI) (104.16 ng m−3), Mn (28.39 ng m−3), Cu (33.75 ng m−3), Zn (57.99 ng m−3), As (44.92 ng m−3), and Pb (27.13 ng m−3). The fraction of the analyzed heavy metals at all monitoring sites was 82%–89% for Al, followed by Cr(VI) with 3%–6%. Cr(VI) was the major contributor to the carcinogenic risk values, while Cu, Cr(VI), and As were the main drivers for the non-carcinogenic risk. The average cancer risk range for heavy metals was 3.30 × 10–04 –5.47 × 10–04. On the other hand, the cancer risk for PAHs exposure was acceptable. The average incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values varied between 2.87 × 10–07 and 4.21 × 10–07. Benzo[a]pyrene contributed to 54%–56% of the total risk from inhalation of PM10-bound PAHs, while Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene contributed to 16%–19%. Based on the Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis, exposure to Cr(VI) was the main factor affecting cancer risk in the North, South, and Populated Zones. A suitable risk assessment and management plan requires understanding PM10-bound heavy metals and PAHs concentration levels as well as their potential health risks, mainly in open-cast coal mine zones. Our study found that people living near open-pit mines face potential health risks, so it is crucial to establish policies and regulations to control emission sources.

Road criticality assessment to improve commutes during floods

Flooding undermines the functionality of road links, leading to commute disruption, such as increased commuting time and immobility. Therefore, identifying the critical roads under different flood scenarios is of great significance for transportation planning to minimize flood risk. Previous studies on the road criticality under pluvial floods have focused on mostly structural characteristics of the roads, lacking the quantification of the flood impact on traffic. We employed an integrated framework coupling pluvial flood modeling with commute simulation to assess the criticality of flooded road links under three scenarios (10, 30, and 50 year floods). The output of the flood modeling was used to reconstruct the road network. The routes of each individual commuter under a business as usual (BAU) scenario and three flood scenarios were obtained from the commute simulation. As the flood return period increased, the distribution of traffic flow became more uneven. The road criticality assessment revealed that greater flood impact on roads was closely related to the proximity of water bodies, low-lying topography, and greater commute demands of the region and provided evidence to prioritize locations for interventions. This study helps understand the resilience of transportation systems during floods, thereby enabling practitioners to design effective strategic plans in terms of emergency response, risk management, and urban planning.

Targeting average length of hospital stay as a control measure to decrease COVID-19 hospital-acquired infection in surgical cancer patients

BackgroundThe global spread of coronaviruses had a great impact on the economic and social situation of most countries. As the backbone of any society, the health sector made a significant contribution through applying emergency risk management plans in order to control the pandemic. Monitoring the average length of hospital stay (ALOS) was an effective way to release the capacity of the health system during this time. The aim was to evaluate the effect of applying risk assessment/management strategies on ALOS and the impact of this ALOS on COVID-19 infection rates among cancer patients.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study. All admitted cancer patients in 6 surgical departments from January to June 2021 were included.ResultsA total of 1287 patients were admitted to 6 surgical departments during the selected period. About 46% of them had surgery (n = 578), while 54% did not have surgery (n = 700). Among surgical patients, admission rates were highest in February and head and neck department (24% and 22.1%, respectively), and lowest in April and chest department (12.4% and 8%, respectively). ALOS was significantly different across the 6 months (p value < 0.001) with lower ALOS in (April, May, and June) than in (January–February, and March). No significant difference was found across the 6 surgical departments (p value = 0.423). Twenty-eight patients became COVID-19 positive after admission, 25 of them (89%) were infected from March to June—during the time of the third wave—and a significant decreasing linear trend (p value = 0.009) was found.ConclusionALOS had significantly reduced with commitment to infection control (IC) interventions and recommendations. The significant decreasing trend of COVID-19 infection from March to June (unlike the rising curve of the 3rd COVID-19 wave by that time) could be explained by improvement in ALOS.

Urban land suitability analysis using geospatial techniques and combined weighting approach in Gabes zone, Southeastern Tunisia

Urban Land Suitability analysis is necessary in any development project in order to ensure rational urban planning and sustainable development. In this study, a novel approach based on GIS and Combined Weighting method were used to construct a reasonable assessment model and calculate the Urban Land Suitability Index (ULSI) of Gabes area (Southeastern Tunisia). Seven conditional factors were selected: flooding susceptibility, Lithology, Topography, Seismotectonic, Water table depth, Swelling soils, Soils Aggressivity and the thematic layers were prepared in ArcMap_GIS. The resultant model following combination of the geo-spatial (GIS) and geostatistical (CRITIC-ANP) modeling show that this region is subdivided into four analyzed zones in terms of geo-hazard susceptibility and foundation excavation: flooding risk area; settlement risk zone; collapse risk area and subsidence risk zone. The ULSI is equal to 3.5. The accuracy degree of the achieved model was validated by ROC-AUC curve, it’s is around 78.4%. The ULS model developed enable assured a the assessed thorough and can well reflect an urban land suitability. The results achieved in this study assured planners, engineers, decision-makers and authorities assured a good risk prediction and management plan, could, thus, be facilitate decision-making and can serve as a guideline for all future urban planning projects in this region.

Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Incidents of Suspected Poisoning

Abstract Poisoning in livestock, horses and wildlife may be localised or large events involving single or multiple animals and can have public health, economic or medicolegal, as well as animal welfare, implications. Investigation of these incidents is required to determine the cause, assess the risk to other animals and people and instigate an appropriate risk management plan. Investigations will involve clinical examination and history taking, site visits to determine possible sources of poisoning, post-mortem examination and collection of biological (both ante and post-mortem) and environmental samples (water, soil, feed, suspect plants). Interpretation of laboratory analyses and investigations may involve a multidisciplinary team in order to formulate and implement a risk management programme. Specialist advice should be sought early in the investigation in order to ensure appropriate sampling and correct actions are undertaken. Practitioners should be aware of where and how to report incidents, where to seek advice and have some awareness of common toxicological risks, particularly local or seasonal risks, to livestock and other animals. This case study outlines some of the steps that should be undertaken when handling a case of suspected poisoning in animals and highlights some of the possible circumstances and substances that may result in toxicosis. Information © The Author 2023

Impact of Bank Liquidity and Macroeconomic Determinants on Profitability of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh

This paper aims at investigating the relationship between profitability and liquidity of the State-Owned Commercial Banks of Bangladesh. An important motive of this study is to provide valuable insights into how liquidity influences profitability. There are various research papers on liquidity exposure and the profitability relationship of banks in Bangladesh. But those researches are separately conducted for conventional or Islamic banks or there is a comparative analysis of both banks. But there is little research on the state-owned banking industry. During the Pandemic the banking industry of Bangladesh was affected severely in respect of liquidity risk and it also affected its profitability. There is no recent paper focused on this study. So, this study will try to identify the significant factors that affect the liquidity of a bank and its profitability. In this regard, 10 years’ data from Annual Report of the State-Owned Commercial Banks and macroeconomic data from Bangladesh Bank website and several journals have been collected from 2012-2021. This study primarily aims at exploring the liquidity-profitability relationship using econometric model. Loan to Deposit ratio is used measuring liquidity of a bank. Other control variables Loan Loss Provision to Total Asset (LLPTA) for credit risk, Equity to Total Asset (EQTA) for capital efficiency, Operational expense to Total Asset (OPEXTA) for operational efficiency, Total Asset (TA) for Bank size, Non-performing Loan (NPL) for asset quality, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for economy size, Inflation (INF) for consumer price index, Interest Rate (INT) for opportunity cost, and the Unemployment rate for measuring labor force. The major finding of this study show that there is a significant positive relationship between liquidity risk and profitability. Among bank-specific variables credit risk, capital efficiency, and bank size have a significant relationship with Profitability which also supports the theory. Macroeconomic variables like interest rate, inflation rate, and GDP have a significant relationship with profitability which also supports the theory. Here BDBL and BASIC should have maintained the liquidity standard mentioned by Bangladesh Bank and BIS to mitigate their liquidity crisis. This study also shows that there is no severe effect of the COVID pandemic on the State-Owned Commercial Banks of Bangladesh. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights for banks and regulators to make informed decisions regarding risk management, liquidity decision, capital allocation, and strategic planning.

The impact of earth fissures on flood hazard extent for the Northern part of the Qaa’Jahran Basin, Dhamar, Yemen

This study addresses a crucial gap in our understanding of flooding in the predominantly agricultural Qaa’Jahran watershed in Yemen, where urbanization, though currently limited in extent, is rapidly expanding. We aim to discern the effects of earth fissures on flood dynamics, particularly focusing on their present significance. It is noteworthy that, in the long run, these fissures are anticipated to accumulate soil and sediment, potentially heightening the risk of future flooding. To achieve this, we developed a comprehensive floodplain delineation model, incorporating field observations and rainfall data from the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) algorithm. Additionally, advanced hydrologic and hydraulic models were integrated to accurately simulate runoff hydrographs and create flood inundation maps. Our findings underscore the considerable influence of earth fissures, effectively mitigating runoff volume, peak discharge, flood depths and inundated areas during storm events. It is imperative to emphasize that specific areas remain persistently vulnerable, with water levels surpassing one meter during historical floods. This reinforces the ongoing risk of flooding in targeted zones and emphasizes the necessity of implementing tailored flood management strategies. In conclusion, this study makes a significant contribution to the field, providing a comprehensive analysis of the intricate factors influencing flooding in the Qaa’Jahran watershed. The integration of flood inundation mapping, advanced hydrologic modelling and meticulous consideration of earth fissures offers a distinctive perspective on flood dynamics in a rapidly evolving and urbanizing environment. Furthermore, it highlights the critical implications for effective flood risk management and urban planning, not only in the Qaa’Jahran watershed but also in similar urbanizing regions worldwide.

Navigating The New Normal: Strategies For Business Resilience In A Post-pandemic World

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant disruptions to the global economy, forcing businesses to adapt and navigate through uncertain times. This article explores strategies for business growth and resilience in the post-pandemic economy. It delves into the challenges faced by businesses, analyses emerging trends, and provides actionable insights to help organizations thrive in the new normal. From embracing digital transformation to prioritizing customer-centric approaches, this article offers valuable guidance for businesses seeking to recover and grow in a rapidly changing economic landscape. The abstract highlights several key strategies for driving business growth and resilience. Firstly, it emphasizes the need for businesses to embrace digital transformation. Adopting technologies such as cloud computing, data analytics, and automation can enhance operational efficiency, streamline processes, and unlock new opportunities for innovation and growth. Customer-centricity is another critical strategy discussed in the abstract. Understanding evolving customer needs, preferences, and behaviours is essential for tailoring products, services, and experiences. Emphasizing personalized interactions, delivering exceptional customer experiences, and leveraging customer feedback are vital components of a customer-centric approach. Furthermore, the abstract emphasizes the significance of collaboration and partnerships. Engaging with external stakeholders, such as startups, academic institutions, and industry experts, can bring fresh perspectives, innovative ideas, and access to new markets. Risk management and scenario planning are also crucial elements in building resilience. Businesses need to identify and analyse potential risks, develop contingency plans, and regularly reassess their strategies to adapt to changing market dynamics. In addition, the abstract highlights the significance of staying informed about emerging trends and technologies. Regularly monitoring market dynamics and understanding consumer trends can help businesses identify new growth opportunities and stay ahead of the competition.