Management Action Plan Research Articles

Social Carrying Capacity in Island Destinations: Interpreting Visitors’ Opinions in Madeira Island

Abstract Social carrying capacity is an additional dimension of tourism carrying capacity. This paper aims to provide further understanding beyond physical values describing carrying capacity for a touristic site on an island destination, namely, the Laurisilva of Madeira. This UNESCO site is the major tourist attraction on the island. The component of social carrying capacity was added to assess satisfaction levels registered in 481 completed questionnaires and find relevant factors reflecting social values and enjoyment while visiting the site. Nonparametric tests were performed to study the relationship between sociodemographic variables and satisfaction measurements. Statistically, cleanliness and natural conditions, trail amenities, trail conditions, environmental conditions, and pollution levels were the five dimensions relevant to gauging satisfaction related to visiting the natural heritage site. Social carrying capacity showed an average satisfaction of 71%, but mean scores concluded visitors to be only slightly satisfied and differences in satisfaction levels regarding the education level of respondents. These are essential dimensions for good site management and for planning management actions for the island destination. This method of analysis is feasible for site management and is complementary to the corresponding physical thresholds.

Imprints of COVID-19 lockdowns on total petroleum hydrocarbon levels in Asia's largest brackish water lagoon

India successfully executed one of the strictest lockdowns in the world during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, which provided unique opportunities to analyze the second-largest populous country's anthropogenic footprint on its natural systems. India's first Ramsar site and the world's second-largest brackish water system Chilika lagoon experienced a substantial decline (64%) in the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHC) level in water, which was attributed to the massive declines or, at times, an abrupt complete halt of motorized boat operations for fishing and tourism. Using the TPHC values during the lockdown period, our study recommends a TPHC baseline threshold of 2.02 μg L−1 and 0.91 μg g−1 for Chilika waters and sediment, respectively. These baseline values can be used to quantify oil pollution and to formulate policy and management action plans for Chilika lagoon as well as for other similar ecosystems by local environmental agencies.

Mapping direct flood impacts from a 2020 extreme flood event in Central Vietnam using spatial analysis techniques

PurposeIn October 2020, Vietnam was repeatedly hit by large storms, including Linfa, Nangka, Saudel and Molave, causing heavy rains and whirlwinds in the Central provinces of Vietnam. The heavy rain led to severe flooding in many localities. The water levels on major rivers broke records of historical flood events in 1950, 1979, 1999, 2007, 2010 and 2016. In response, this paper aims to quantify the impacts of 2020 flooding to support flood risk management activities and the relief agencies that can use the analysis.Design/methodology/approachThis study demonstrates an approach to quickly map flood impacts on population, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture, transportation and business facilities and assess flood risks using available data and spatial analysis techniques.FindingsThe results show that all districts of Quang Binh were affected by the event, in which 1,014 residential areas, 70 schools, 13 health-care facilities, 32,558 ha of agriculture lands, 402 km road length, 29 km railway, 35 bridges on roads and 239 business facilities were exposed within flooded areas.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to direct or tangible impacts, including flooded residential areas, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture land categories, road networks and business facilities. Indirect or intangible impacts such as health, flood pollution and business disruption should be considered in further studies.Practical implicationsThese detailed impact maps can support decision-makers and local authorities in implementing recovery activities, allocating relief and devoting human resources and developing flood risk management action plans and land-use planning in the future.Social implicationsThis study investigates the context of flood impacts on population, schools, health-care facilities, agriculture, transportation and business facilities. Based on this research, decision-makers can better understand how to support affected communities and target the most at risk people with interventions.Originality/valueThis paper presents a framework to quantify the impacts of the 2020 extreme flood event using available data and spatial analysis techniques in support of flood risk management activities.

Identification of Successful Delivery Factors for Stakeholder Management in Public-Private Partnerships Projects in Malaysia

Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) have been common in civil engineering works involving public and private sectors. PPP manages complex projects and involves multiple stakeholders. Stakeholders in the PPP projectneed to be properly managed to achieve project goals, minimise risk, andaccommodate stakeholders' interest. Poor management of stakeholder could lead to project failure. Hence, this paper aims to identify stakeholder management's success factors towards successfully delivering PPP infrastructure projects in Malaysia. A quantitative approach via questionnaires survey was conducted on 70 respondents from multiple stakeholders'backgrounds, namely public authority, consultants, contractors, and financiers involved in PPP infrastructure projects in Malaysia. The survey was provided to the respondents with a list of the success fa ctors. The responderswere asked to rate thesuccess factors contributing to successful delivery factors for stakeholder management based on the scale provided. The result concluded from four (4) stages of stakeholder engagement: stakeholder analysis,stakeholder engagement, stakeholder management action plan, and monitoring. A list of success factors for successful stakeholder management was developed by showing the relationship between stakeholdermanagement and success factors. This component encapsulated the success factors perceived as the success factors contributing to the successful delivery of stakeholder management in Malaysia. The finding highlights on four (4) stakeholder management issues that need to be focused in PPP infrastructure projects. These include the need for a goodstakeholder management process, the strategy to engage thestakeholders through clear and honest communication, a proper project communication plan to oversee overlapping in the process, and to monitor relationships of stakeholders during operations.

Kenya's first White Rhino Conservation and Management Action Plan

Kenya's first White Rhino Conservation and Management Action Plan

Implementation of a watershed modelling framework to support adaptive management in the Canadian side of the Lake Erie basin

The present study aims to provide guidelines with respect to the implementation of a watershed modelling framework that can support adaptive management in the Canadian side of the Lake Erie basin. Our primary objective is to highlight the establishment of a multimodel ensemble as an appealing strategy that can address a wide range of conceptual and operational uncertainties typically underlying any modelling exercise. We identify three ensemble strategies that have different implications for the granularity of the analysis, empirical knowledge and data input demands to constrain the individual models, and required timeframe to operationalize them. The first option partly resembles the watershed modelling work in the Maumee River watershed, where the characterization of the watershed attributes and functioning that modulate nutrient loading will be based on multiple independent SWAT applications with different process characterizations. Before implementing SWAT, we propose the use of SPARROW —a data-driven model— to delineate hot-spots, examine landscape predictors for nutrient mobilization and retention, and use these results to inform the SWAT models. Alongside the SPARROW and SWAT applications, the second option considers two additional models (HYPE, HSPF) that are conceptually sound, have been applied in the area, and can increase the structural and functional diversity of the ensemble of catchment models by offering alternative representations of fundamental processes/functions associated with the water cycle, soil erosion, biogeochemical cycles, and soil-plant interactions. The third option introduces local (farm, urban or natural vegetation) and edge-of-field monitoring and modelling (EPIC or APEX tools) to refine the spatial resolution and design in-field conservation practices that mitigate nonpoint source pollution from agriculture and other sources. Our study also pinpoints data monitoring needs to elucidate critical unknowns of the watershed functioning, such as the role of legacy phosphorus (P), the causes and consequences of the increasing long-term trends in dissolved reactive P loading, the challenges in reproducing spring-freshet or event-flow conditions, and the dynamic characterization of water/nutrient cycles under the non-stationarity of a changing climate. The strong linkages between environmental processes and management decisions that occur along the watershed-lake continuum require the presence of a holistic model ensemble to provide rigorous BMP efficiency assessment and simulation of the human-environment system responses to current and future watershed nutrient loads, land uses, climatic forcing, and socioeconomic conditions. The proposed model ensemble framework can be used as an integrative tool for ecosystem policy analysis and design of proper management action plans in Lake Erie and elsewhere.

Practical Solutions for Infectious Disease Private Practitioners: Action Plan for the Effective Management of an Extended Care Facility Outbreak

Among the many hats an Infectious Disease physician wears, the role as expert in the management of infection prevention in extended care facilities (ECF) can be an incredibly valuable one. However, receiving a call about a potential infection outbreak during a busy day could spell potential disaster. Regardless of the type of infection, a disciplined management approach to an ECF outbreak will help reduce number new infections and associated complications. This will lead to fewer patient complications and will allow an ECF to continue to provide expected patient care services, including physical therapy, wound care and memory care. An action plan will efficiently focus all providers on the steps need to control an ECF outbreak. We have employed a standard action plan that a director of nursing can implement under the guidance of an Infectious Disease physician. It can be adjusted based on the type of infection or infestation affecting the ECF. The action plan assigns specific roles to stakeholders for management of the outbreak. These roles include responsibility of determining onset and end of the outbreak, collection and management of surveillance data and education of staff regarding specific symptomatology, isolation precautions and cleaning measures. This article will review seasonal and sporadic infection outbreaks. I will not discuss the developing practices for COVID-19 infection prevention in the ECF setting; however, as COVID-19 control practices becomes more available, one could use the action plan described below for future outbreaks.

Perception of the Quality of Smart City Solutions as a Sense of Residents’ Safety

Personalization, mobility, artificial intelligence, corporate life transferred to the online world—all these elements will shape all intelligent solutions, including those for cities in the future also in the field of energy management. A necessary condition is to determine which specific repetitive behaviors and features smart cities will have to meet in order to build an image among residents and adapt to their preferences and requirements and energy requirements. Smart cities were created to support residents in using various services, to give them the possibility of easy communication without time and local barriers. Therefore, high-quality smart solutions in cities significantly affect trust in the city and can affect its reputation. Given that the purpose of the article is to examine the perception of intelligent solutions also in the field of energy and their impact on the sense of privacy and security, different exchanges of perceptions of quality, the risks they pose to residents and their perception of what gives a picture, have been studied. The results of empirical research clearly showed that the safety and level of satisfaction with the activities carried out by the city have a significant impact on the perceived quality, which in turn has a positive impact on reputation. The authors proposed a methodology based on the Kano model for examining residents’ satisfaction in order to investigate undefined desires and identified and confirmed needs and to study the analysis of risk and potential threats. The study was in the form of a proprietary questionnaire that can be used in similar surveys on the satisfaction of residents; 2685 correctly completed questionnaires were analyzed and the results obtained after submission were included in management action plans. The city government has expressed an interest that the measures taken will be reviewed after one to two years.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФЕШН-БРЕНДАМИ В УМОВАХ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

The article seeks to explore the contemporary issues of fashion brand management specifics in a volatile global business environment. Based on the survey on the fashion industry market dynamics, the study has identified the key reasons for its drastic slump associated in the first place with shutting down of offline stores, supply chain disruptions as well as with a drop in the purchasing power of population. The COVID-19 pandemic brought the world to a massive global "reset", changes in mind-sets, norms, rules and everyday life which has spurred the need to adapt to new business settings by all market participants including the fashion industry sector. The modern fashion industry in Ukraine has undergone radical transformation and has become an influential actor of the world fashion market. Following a comprehensive approach to review the phases of brand creation and brand building process, this study suggests a designer brand development and promotion strategy to be implemented in the current realia of Ukrainian fashion industry. In this context, it is argued that brand management in the area of fashion industry should focus on imposing systemic effects on market environment, maintaining stability in holding positions in promising market segments and implementing robust crisis strategies in brand building. It is emphasized that the purpose of creating a crisis strategy in the fashion market is to search for the key priority pathways to enhance business development subject to the market environment and resources available. Based on the Porter's competitive forces model, the study offers an in-depth-analysis of the fashion market by identifying factors that affect this segment development and determine market competition. It is concluded that a good crisis management paradigm should involve a well-designed strategy for business information collection and monitoring of external and internal environment. It is also argued that to be effective, a crisis management action plan should involve a consistent integrated systemic approach.

Soul of the Jukskei River: The Extent of Bacterial Contamination in the Jukskei River in Gauteng Province, South Africa.

River water quality is an important health issue as the water is utilised for drinking, domestic and agricultural use in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect water from a major city has on the water quality of the Jukskei River that daylights in Johannesburg, South Africa. The river water samples were analysed for physio-chemical properties, microbiology, antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates, genetic markers, and potentially toxic metals. Data analysis revealed increased electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and turbidity since 2010. Total Coliform and Escherichia coli detected were above the South African water quality guidelines for domestic, recreational, and irrigation purposes. Additionally, sodium, zinc, nickel, lithium, and lead exceeded the guidelines in domestic, recreational, and irrigation water. Pathogenic strains of E. coli (aEPEC, EHEC, EIEC, and EAEC) were isolated from the water. Various other potentially pathogenic organisms that have been implicated as causes of gastro-intestinal, and a wide range of other diseases, were also detected and demonstrated multiple levels of resistance to antibiotics tested. The results show that the river water is a potential health threat to downstream users. These results will feed into the environmental management action plan for Water for the Future (NGO group).

The Possibilities for an Urban Community Action Plan and Collaborative Work Support for Slum Improvement: A Case Study in Jakarta

This study describes community development in the preparation for a community action plan for slum management in DKI Jakarta. The case study chosen for this research is the Akuarium village. The existence of slums is an inseparable part of the development of a city. The slum area contributes to several problems such as population density, building conditions, ventilation, sanitation, garbage, drainage, environmental roads, lighting and building layout. In an effort to overcome these problems, it is important to develop a community development concept that emphasizes the participation of the community through collaborative work between the government and citizens in the development process. The research that has been done has not touched on the substance of the problem faced by the urban poor and how the community plays a role in supporting the program. The purpose of this research is to find out how community-based development patterns can encourage collaborative work of each actor in structuring slum villages in DKI Jakarta. In this study, the method used is qualitative with in-depth interviews and data processing using the Nvivo 12+ application. The results showed that the principles of community development, including integrated development, participation, sustainable development, empowerment, and human rights, greatly influence the collaborative work of various stakeholders in planning an Akuarium development action plan.

Spatial distribution of the Barbary Partridge (Alectoris barbara) in Sardinia explained by land use and climate

More than half of the European population of the Barbary Partridge is in Sardinia; nonetheless, the researches concerning this species are very scarce, and its conservation status is not defined because of a deficiency of data. This research aimed to analyse the habitat selection and the factors affecting the abundance and the density of the Barbary Partridge in Sardinia. We used the data collected over 8 years (between 2004 and 2013) by spring call counts in 67 study sites spread on the whole island. We used GLMM to define the relationships between the environment (topography, land use, climate) both the occurrence and the abundance of the species. Moreover, we estimated population densities by distance sampling. The Barbary Partridge occurred in areas at low altitude with garrigue and pastures, avoiding woodlands and sparsely vegetated areas. We found a strong relationship between the occurrence probability and the climate, in particular, a positive relation with temperature and a negative effect of precipitation, especially in April–May, during brood rearing. Furthermore, dry crops positively affected the abundance of the species. We estimated a density of 14.1 partridges per km2, similar to other known estimates. Our findings are important both because they increase the knowledge concerning this species, which is considered data deficient in Italy, and because they are useful to plan management actions aimed to maintain viable populations if necessary.

Remobilization of pollutants during extreme flood events poses severe risks to human and environmental health

While it is well recognized that the frequency and intensity of flood events are increasing worldwide, the environmental, economic, and societal consequences of remobilization and distribution of pollutants during flood events are not widely recognized. Loss of life, damage to infrastructure, and monetary cleanup costs associated with floods are important direct effects. However, there is a lack of attention towards the indirect effects of pollutants that are remobilized and redistributed during such catastrophic flood events, particularly considering the known toxic effects of substances present in flood-prone areas. The global examination of floods caused by a range of extreme events (e.g., heavy rainfall, tsunamis, extra- and tropical storms) and subsequent distribution of sediment-bound pollutants are needed to improve interdisciplinary investigations. Such examinations will aid in the remediation and management action plans necessary to tackle issues of environmental pollution from flooding. River basin-wide and coastal lowland action plans need to balance the opposing goals of flood retention, catchment conservation, and economical use of water.

Investors' Responses to Management Getting Out Ahead of Negative Media Stories: The Moderating Effects of Management's Action Plan and the Media's Focus

ABSTRACTCrisis communications experts commonly advise managers to get out ahead of the media to increase management's credibility. We use an experiment to examine how investors' responses to management getting out ahead of a negative media story are moderated by management's action plan and the media's focus on the company. When the company is the focus of the media's lede, investors respond more negatively when the company gets out ahead of the media with plans to change, instead of stay, the course to handle the negative issue. Yet, investors respond more positively when the company responds after the media with plans to change, instead of stay, the course. In contrast, when the media does not focus on the company in its lede, but instead only mentions the company in the story, we find that investors' responses are not sensitive to management's strategic disclosure choices that we examine.

Using Two-Layered Feed-Forward Neural Networks to Model Blood Uric Acid Among Diabetic Patients

Introduction: The end product of purine metabolism in humans is uric acid (UA). Although uric acid can function as either an antioxidant or an oxidant depending on the surrounding environment, the chemical environment can also impact uric acid.The uric acid level in the serum can predict the development of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes.
 Objective: This study aims to determine factors that are perhaps having an association with acid uric.
 Method: Variables selection is basedon clinical importance. The most significant variable will be assigned and analyzed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) through multilayer feed-forward and contour plot.
 Results: Through the architecture of MLFF with two hidden layers, it was found that Creatinine level, Urea level, Systolic Blood Pressure reading, Waist circumference reading, Gender play an essential role toward uric level with an accuracy of 97.7% and the predicted mean squared error (MSE.net) is 0.005. The combination of the selected variable showing the highest significance in predicting the level of uric acid.
 Conclusion: These findings offer useful future management action plans for patients with diabetes.By controlling these four variables can improve the level of health among diabetic patients.
 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.741-747

A Review of Glacial Lake Expansion and Associated Glacial Lake Outburst Floods in the Himalayan Region

Climate change is strongly affecting the Himalayas. Geologically young and fragile, the Himalayas are sensitive to even minor changes in the climate. Regional warming in Himalayas has been observed between 0.15 and 0.60 °C per decade, which is higher than the mean global warming rate of 0.74 °C per 100 years. Consequent to this warming trend, the glaciological changes in Himalayas are obvious, which has resulted in the formation, expansion and disappearance of various types of glacial lakes. The dangerous lakes among these pose threat to downstream community and infrastructure. In this study, an attempt has been made to critically analyze the progress in Glacier Lake Outburst Floods (GLOF) research and understand its dynamism from multiple approaches through a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed scholarly literature for a period of 2001–2020. The study has found that the glacial lakes in the study region are increasing in number and expanding rapidly owing to the climate change and anthropogenic causes as the Glacier Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) are becoming common. The expansion rates of pro-glacial lakes connected to glaciers and moraine-dammed lakes are faster than other type of lakes. Findings from the studies on area change analysis in the region reveal that a number of expanding glacial lakes can emerge as potential sites for future GLOFs, hence need immediate monitoring and observation. Geospatial tools and techniques coupled with field investigations have been found as a potent tool for mapping the evolution and propagation of GLOF hazards resulting from accelerated shrinking and thinning of glaciers and continued lake expansion. Further, the satellite-based remote sensing and modeling has been found as an excellent tool for GLOF management as well as reconstruction of previous GLOF events and prediction of future outburst potential. The idea of this study is linked to the increased incidence of GLOF events in the Himalayan region. This study will help in better understanding of glacial lake expansion and provide scope for future research in devising risk management action plans of potential GLOFs by selecting expanding glacial lakes as case studies.

Environmental and financial assessments of open burning, open dumping and integrated municipal solid waste disposal schemes among different income groups

This research investigated the cost-effectiveness of twenty-four municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal schemes for four per capita income groups (low, lower-middle, upper-middle, and high income groups) using life cycle cost assessment (LCCA). In the study, the LCCA included cash inflow (sales of recycle materials, fertilizer, and surplus electricity), cash outlay (investment and operation and maintenance costs), and environmental costs (based on environmental impacts). The life cycle environmental impacts and costs assessments were carried out using Stepwise2006. The most environmentally and financially preferable MSW disposal scenarios were determined for all four income groups. The LCCA was further applied to existing LCA-based studies on MSW management in India (a lower-middle income country) and Brazil (an upper-middle income country), and results were compared with the original LCA-based findings. The results showed that the environmental impacts of disposal schemes of the lower income groups were the lowest, while the cost-effectiveness were the highest (−284.79 to −1698.77 US$2019 per ton). The findings also revealed that the environmental impacts and per capita income were positively correlated. Composting biodegradable waste (320.16–402.40 US$2019 per ton) and landfilling combustible waste (312.87–350.06 US$2019 per ton) incurred the lowest total environmental costs. The most environmentally and financially preferable MSW disposal scenarios for all four income groups were the disposal scheme that integrates multiple waste disposal processes, including recycling for recyclable waste, incineration for combustible waste, composting for biodegradable waste, and landfill for non-recyclable and non-combustible waste, given the high financial gains and low environmental costs. In essence, LCCA takes into account both the financial and environmental costs, thus closely reflecting the actual cost of MSW management. Therefore, policymakers should adopt the LCCA method in the formulation and implementation of the national MSW management policy and action plans.

Calibration of Design Models for Leakage Management of Water Distribution Networks

Water losses in urban water distribution networks (WDN) accelerate the deterioration of such infrastructures. The enhanced hydraulic modelling provides a phenomenological representation of WDN hydraulics, including the modelling of leakages as function of pipe average pressure and deterioration. The methodological use of such models on real WDN was demonstrated to support the planning of leakage management actions. Nonetheless, many water utilities are still in the process of designing flow/pressure monitoring, thus data available are not enough to perform detailed calibration of such models.This work presents a physically based approach for the calibration of WDN hydraulic models aimed at supporting leakage management plans since early stages. The proposed procedure leverages the key role of mass balance in enhanced hydraulic models and the technical insight on pipe deterioration mechanisms for various quantity and quality of available data. Two calibration studies of real WDNs demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and show that the distribution of leakages in the WDN does not much influence the pressure values, which confirms the need for flow measurements at monitoring districts for leakage and asset management.

Habitat loss accelerates for the endangered woodland caribou in western Canada

AbstractHabitat loss is often the ultimate cause of species endangerment and is also a leading factor inhibiting species recovery. For this reason, species‐at‐risk legislation, policies and plans typically focus on habitat conservation and restoration as mechanisms for recovery. To assess the effectiveness of these instruments in decelerating habitat loss, we evaluated spatiotemporal habitat changes for an iconic endangered species, woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou). We quantified changes in forest cover, a key proxy of caribou habitat, for all caribou subpopulations in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. Despite efforts under federal and provincial recovery plans, and requirements listed under Canada's Species at Risk Act, caribou subpopulations lost twice as much habitat as they gained during a 12‐year period (2000–2012). Drivers of habitat loss varied by ecotype, with Boreal and Northern Mountain caribou affected most by forest fire and Southern Mountain caribou affected more by forest harvest. Our case study emphasizes critical gaps between recovery planning and habitat management actions, which are a core expectation under most species‐at‐risk legislation. Loss of caribou habitat from 2000 to 2018 has accelerated. Linear features within caribou ranges have also increased over time, particularly seismic lines within Boreal caribou ranges, and we estimated that only 5% of seismic lines have functionally regenerated. Our findings support the idea that short‐term recovery actions such as predator reductions and translocations will likely just delay caribou extinction in the absence of well‐considered habitat management. Given the magnitude of ongoing habitat change, it is clear that unless the cumulative impacts of land‐uses are effectively addressed through planning and management actions that consider anthropogenic and natural disturbances, we will fail to achieve self‐sustaining woodland caribou populations across much of North America.

Feeding ecology of capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) in Sri Surya Pahar, a disturbed habitat in Goalpara District, Assam, India

A group of capped langurs, Trachypithecus pileatus comprising eight individuals was observed for feeding behavior in Sri Surya Pahar, an archaeological site of religious importance and degraded habitat, located about 12 km southeast of Goalpara town in Assam. The feeding ecology of the species was studied by recording the time spent feeding on different food plants and food categories during different seasons of the year. Scan sampling method was followed from dawn to dusk to record data on various aspects of feeding. Capped langurs spent 37.87% of their total active time in feeding during winter season, 34.12% in pre-monsoon, 26.60% in retreating monsoon, and 26.08% in monsoon season. Altogether 41 species of plants belonging to 24 families were utilized for feeding throughout the year. Capped langurs spent maximum time feeding on leaves. The time spent on feeding new leaves was highest during pre-monsoon season (63.70%) and lowest in winter (7.82%). While the time spent on feeding mature leaves was highest in winter (67.48%) and lowest in pre-monsoon season (2.31%). The time spent feeding flowers (20.78%) was maximum in winter and that on unripe fruits (20.79%) and petioles (9.24%) was maximum in pre-monsoon season. Flower buds, leaf buds, latex and insects were placed in ‘others’ category and were consumed in low quantity. From this study, a significant change was observed in the diet composition of Capped langurs during different seasons. Habitat degradation due to encroachment is the major threat to this endangered species in Sri Surya Pahar and its neighbouring areas. The study focused on the feeding ecology of capped langur in a degraded habitat. Therefore, the information generated from this study could be useful for evaluation and improving the quality of the habitat and formulating conservation and management action plan for capped langur.