Sustainable Development Planning Research Articles

Urban Planning and Development: A Case Study of Sustainable Zonal Development and Infrastructure Design for Hindaun City (North Zone)

This dissertation examines the urban planning and development strategies for Hindaun City's North Zone through the creation of a Zonal Development Plan (ZDP) for 2036. Hindaun City, a significant urban center in Rajasthan, is experiencing rapid population growth and urbanization, necessitating a comprehensive and sustainable development plan. The Master Plan for Hindaun City 2036 provides a broad framework, and this dissertation delves into the specific proposals for the North Zone, known as Zone A. The research employs a multi-method approach, including Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping, analysis of existing conditions, stakeholder consultations, and policy reviews. The study identifies critical areas for intervention in residential, commercial, industrial, and recreational sectors, proposing detailed land use plans and infrastructure improvements. Special attention is given to enhancing social and physical infrastructure, addressing environmental sustainability, and ensuring equitable development. Key findings reveal that while Hindaun City has made significant strides in urban development, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, unplanned growth, and environmental degradation persist. The proposed ZDP aims to address these issues through targeted policies and strategic interventions. The dissertation concludes with recommendations for implementing the ZDP effectively, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive management to ensure the plan's success. By providing a detailed case study of Hindaun City's North Zone, this dissertation contributes to the broader discourse on urban planning and development in rapidly growing cities. The findings and recommendations offer valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers focused on sustainable urban development Key Words: urbanization , GIS , ZDP , policymakers

Study on the Spatiotemporal Evolution Relationship Between Ecological Resilience and Land Use Intensity in Hebei Province and Scenario Simulation

The ecological health of Hebei Province is critical to the sustainable development of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. However, the increasing intensity of land use in recent years has placed significant pressure on local ecosystems, making it essential to understand how land use changes affect ecological resilience across different regions and time periods. This study takes Hebei Province as the research area and selects four time points—1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020—to systematically evaluate the spatiotemporal variations in ecological resilience and land use intensity using indicators such as the water resource supply, climate regulation, hydrological regulation, biodiversity, the landscape pattern index, and land use types. This study employs spatial analysis methodologies, including the spatial autocorrelation model and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model, to systematically analyze spatial clustering patterns, spatial heterogeneity, and influencing mechanisms. Scenario simulations are also conducted to predict ecological resilience trends in 2030 under a sustainable development scenario. The results indicate that (1) over the past 30 years, both ecological resilience and land use intensity in Hebei Province have generally increased, with notable spatial disparities among cities. (2) Moreover, a significant negative correlation exists between ecological resilience and land use intensity, with the GWR model revealing pronounced spatial heterogeneity. The impact of land use intensity on ecological resilience is relatively minor in highly urbanized central and southern regions, while northern and northwestern regions are more sensitive to changes, highlighting the need for better coordination between land use planning and ecological protection. (3) Finally, scenario simulations predict a slight overall decline in ecological resilience by 2030, with central and southern cities projected to experience the largest decreases, while some northern cities are expected to see modest improvements. These findings underscore the importance of regionally differentiated land use management and ecological protection strategies. This study provides scientific evidence and planning recommendations to improve ecological resilience and environmental protection in Hebei Province. At the same time, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how land use dynamics influence ecological resilience. The methodologies and findings presented in this study can also be applied to guide sustainable development planning in other rapidly urbanizing areas, providing a valuable framework for addressing regions facing similar ecological challenges.

Segmentation by recreation experiences of demand in coastal and marine destinations: A study in Galapagos, Ecuador.

Tourism in coastal and marine areas offers a wide variety of recreational activities. The present study had the following objectives: (i), identify the dimensions of recreational experiences in coastal and marine destinations focused on island marine protected areas (ii) determine the demand segments for recreational experiences, and (iii) establish the relationship between the demand segments for recreational experiences and the satisfaction and loyalty. The study was conducted in the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador, and 407 valid questionnaires were collected on-site. The statistical techniques used were factor analysis and the non-hierarchical k-means clustering method. The results reveal four dimensions of the recreational experience in coastal and marine destinations focused on island marine protected areas: Ecological Observation, Experiential Learning, Experiential Reflection, and Sensory Experience. Additionally, three demand segments differentiated by recreational experiences were identified: The Estheticians, the Multi-Experience Recreationists, and the Hedonists. Among these groups, the Multi-Experience Recreationists segment was the most satisfied and exhibited higher levels of loyalty in insular protected marine areas. These findings will assist managers of protected marine areas in creating sustainable development plans and contribute to the academic literature on coastal and marine tourism.

Andy Hargreaves의 지속가능한 리더십이 교육현장에 주는 함의

This study aims to explore the educational implications of sustainable leadership for school sites. This study analyzes the Korean education scene based on the seven principles of sustainable leadership and five principles of action proposed by A. Hargreaves and D. Fink(2006, 2022) based on years of research on the education scene and explores the implications for establishing a plan for the successful sustainable development of Korean education. To this end, this study first examines previous studies on sustainable development at home and abroad, analyzes and diagnoses the current Korean education scene in terms of the principles of sustainable leadership and explores the educational implications of sustainable leadership on the Korean education scene. In terms of the implications of sustainable leadership for school sites derived from this study, the ‘Depth’ dimension suggests avoiding narrow and superficial standardization policies and strengthening policies for holistic education that can foster multiple intelligences; the ‘Length’ dimension suggests establishing a long-term, strategic, and systematic succession program; the ‘Breadth’ dimension suggests distributed leadership among members and strengthening teachers’ leadership competencies; the ‘Justice’ dimension suggests sharing resources and joint growth through solidarity; and the ‘Diversity’ dimension suggests building learning networks and strengthening cohesion among members. In addition, the ‘Resourcefulness’ dimension suggests adjusting education policies through on-site communication and establishing systematic regeneration programs, and the ‘Conservation’ dimension suggests systematic evaluation of past policies and inheritance of excellent ones.

Encouraging Community Empowerment and Local Economic In-dependence in Villages through Sustainable Economic Develop-ment Techniques

With an emphasis on local economic independence and community empowerment, this publication examines sustainable economic development tactics in villages. The purpose of this study is to present an integrated and comprehensive picture of sustainable village economic development. The researchers assessed economic development initiatives in several community areas in Indonesia, using qualitative descriptive methods. The study findings suggest that a comprehensive and integrated approach that considers the economic, social, cultural, and environmental demands of the local population is necessary for sustainable economic development in villages. To achieve local economic independence, community empowerment through active community involvement in the formulation and implementation of economic development programs is essential. The authors of this article suggest a sustainable economic development plan for villages that is based on the ideas of community empowerment and participation. Leveraging local resources, strengthening organizations and cooperatives, empowering women and youth, developing small and medium enterprises and the agricultural sector, and implementing sustainable environmental management are all part of this plan. In conclusion, a comprehensive and integrated approach that emphasizes local economic independence and community empowerment can lead to sustainable economic development in villages. Such a plan can improve the welfare of village communities and encourage sustainable economic growth.

Unplanned Urban Expansion and Natural Sensitivity in Chhorepatan, Pokhara

Chhorepatan, one of the geologically sensitive tourist hubs in Pokhara Valley, has undergone rapid and unplanned urbanization in the last five decades, changing its topography significantly. This research paper explores the unplanned urban expansion and natural sensitivities in Chhorepatan, Pokhara Metropolitan City. This paper uses satellite data, field surveys, and historical data to assess the impact of urban expansion on the area's geologically sensitive landscape using RS, GIS tools. The finding based on the satellite images of 1990-2020 reveals that rapid expansion of built-up sensitive areas increases subsidence risks, particularly in sinkhole and cave zones. Urban growth of Chhorepatan area, exacerbated by population growth and infrastructure development over the geologial sensitive area, poses a significant threat to environmental stability and human life. It is suggested that the policy should incorporate geological assessments into urban planning for sustainable development and disaster reduction in geologically sensitive regions.

An improved estimation of remote sensing-based ecological index for tracking continuous changes in eco-environmental quality

ABSTRACT Remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI) is a widely used index for monitoring eco-environmental quality (EEQ). However, the traditional estimations usually face poor stability in tracking the continuous EEQ changes. To overcome this issue, this study introduces an improved framework for RSEI estimation to enhance the temporal comparability of EEQ assessments. It incorporates annual mean values and temporal normalization of key ecological indicators to address limitations, including susceptibility to seasonal variability and reliance on single-phase data. Through applying to Liangshan Prefecture, a mountainous region in Southwest China, the improved RSEI captures both long-term trends and short-term ecological dynamics from 2001 to 2020, revealing relatively stable EEQ, with mean values ranging from 0.465–0.470. Regions experiencing significant improvement or degradation accounted for less than 10% of the total area. Environmental improvements were largely attributed to human disturbance reduction and ecological restoration projects in high-altitude areas, while degraded regions were concentrated in the Anning River Valley, driven by population growth and urban expansion, affecting 51% of the area. The assessments demonstrate that the improved method shows greater stability and spatial coherence than the traditional ones, providing a robust metric for tracking EEQ trends for environmental monitoring and sustainable development planning.

Spatial planning and problems of sustainable development of rural areas in Georgia (conceptual-methodological approach)

Spatial planning and problems of sustainable development of rural areas in Georgia (conceptual-methodological approach)

Evaluation and prediction of carrying capacity of soil and water resources in Lanzhou City based on the CA–Markov model

ABSTRACT To promote sustainable development, evaluating the carrying capacity of soil and water resources has become indispensable. This study establishes an evaluation system using the driving force–pressure–state–impact–response framework and employs the entropy weight cloud model to comprehensively assess the water and soil resource capacity of Lanzhou. Additionally, the CA–Markov model and the gray prediction model were deployed to forecast Lanzhou's future water and soil resource capacity. The evaluation from 2010 to 2022 indicates consistent classification at overloaded or severely overloaded levels, highlighting systemic inefficiency in water and soil resource utilization, which poses a significant obstacle to sustainability. Notably, urbanization rate, water productivity coefficient, and per capita water resources were identified as key factors influencing these results. Based on the forecast for the next 5 years (2023–2027), the water and soil resource capacity of Lanzhou is expected to further decline, posing challenges to sustainable development. This study provides technical support and decision-making guidance for the formulation of Lanzhou's water and soil resource management strategies and sustainable development planning, playing a key role in promoting efficient resource utilization and protecting regional water and soil resources.

Coastal Wetlands of Indus River Delta Are Under Risk Due to Reclamation: A Spatiotemporal Analysis During the Past 50 Years From 1972 to 2022

ABSTRACTCoastal wetlands are the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems, benefiting both human populations and the total environment. However, they are continuously threatened by anthropogenic activities. Indus River Delta is the sixth largest in the world, has been adversely affected due to reclamation. The study examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of coastal wetlands and reclamation in the Indus River Delta from 1972 to 2022. Wetlands conversion to reclamation was extracted from 6‐Landsat images. A land cover transfer matrix was used to analyze land use land cover (LULC) changes in different time intervals. Area‐weight centroid was constructed to determine the migration trend of reclamation and coastal wetlands. Spatial accurateness was assessed using Producer's Accuracy (PA), User Accuracy (UA) and KAPPA coefficient (KC). The results reveal that from 1972 to 2022, the net area of wetlands declined by 1.9% (26.1 km2), while reclamation (settlement and cultivated land) increased by 14.7% (200.1 km2), and 27.5% (373.5 km2), respectively. The fastest areal change rate for coastal wetlands was −1.1 km2/year from 2012 to 2022, whereas the fastest areal change rate for settlement and cultivated land were 7.6 km2/year from 1992 to 2002 and 28.6 km2/year from 2012 to 2022. Centroids of wetlands moved slowly eastwards from Kharo Chan taluka to Keti Bandar in the first and third decades, then southwards in the second decade, later on, westwards in the fourth decade, and finally back southwards from Keti Bandar taluka to the Kharo Chan in the fifth decade with fastest movement. Centroids of settlement expanded in all directions over five decades. Centroids of cultivated land migrated westwards in the first, third and fourth decades, northwards in the second decade and southwards in the fifth decade from Keti Bandar to Kharo Chan. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for sustainable land development and future planning.

Impact of Metro Construction Activities on Air Quality: A Case Study of Delhi Region in North India

The current study investigated the concerns about the possible effects of metro infrastructure's fast growth on the environment, particularly air quality. This study investigates how the building of metro lines in Delhi, India, affects the quality of the air at the selected locations in south and west parts of union territory of Delhi. Different air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), gaseous pollutants like nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), were monitored. Air Quality Index (AQI) was also applied to the obtained data to convert the intricate data into single digits. The findings revealed that the values of PM10 and PM2.5 were beyond the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) threshold at the proximity of metro work zones due to construction activity. Moreover, higher NO2 concentrations were noted because of construction machinery operations and vehicle emissions. The study emphasizes the necessity of efficient mitigation solutions, such as green barriers, emission control plans, and dust suppression tactics, to reduce the negative environmental effects of metro development on Delhi's air quality. The results of this study can help urban planners and politicians to create sustainable development plans for transportation infrastructure that protect the environment and public health.

Sustainable Tourism Observatories Framework at National Tourism Strategic Area Development (KSPN) in Indonesia

This study aims to establish a framework that integrates planning and implementation programs for sustainable tourism development in Indonesia, providing a guide for stakeholders to unify understanding and drive policy agreements. The framework emphasizes concise, transparent, measurable, and adjustable principles for monitoring Sustainable Tourism Development (STD) guidelines. Using methodologies including surveys, case studies, comparative studies, time and motion analysis, and documentation analysis, this research identifies key elements and characteristics of sustainable tourism phenomena. The findings highlight the critical role of stakeholders in monitoring sustainable tourism through periodic reporting processes led by the Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO). Government bodies, academic institutions, and community stakeholders collaboratively develop sustainable travel destinations, fostering accelerated tourism growth and sustainability in Indonesia.

Use of Geo-Information Technologies in Predicting Urban Growth Trends; An Integrated Simulation Approach: The Case Study of Limuru Central Ward

Urban areas exhibit different growth patterns spanning from linear development, transit-oriented development, concentric zonal development to multi-nuclei development patterns. In the world we live in today, main urban areas present themselves as Central Business Districts (CBDs), that double up as mixed use commercial and residential areas, which serve most of the population who live in and around them. Ideally, the CBD sites – for most cities around the world, were identified in advance, making it easier for the local authorities to demarcate and plan for sustainable development. Most, if not all jobs, are in these urban areas, making these employment areas urban growth hotspots. Changes in economic processes and evolution of transport networks are the foundation of urban growth and expansion, in that, there is a shift from functional specialization of the CBD to economic specialization of the surrounding urban areas, as in the case of Rhine Main Region in Germany. In Kenya, most of the known urban areas, like Limuru Town, emerged as traditional markets in the 1900’s and grew to modern urban areas and municipalities. Urban growth in Limuru was propelled by the existence of modern infrastructure, reduced land rates, presence of government facilities, security, water and employment from the nearby tea farms and factories. However, urban growth has been accompanied by rapid land use changes and sporicidal growth of informal settlements. As a result, urban areas growing in Limuru Central Ward, are deprived of basic infrastructure, public purpose facilities, land use harmonization and spatial synergies. This study therefore attempts to explore the use of GIS and Remote sensing technologies in observing past and present urban growth trends, that pave the way for predicting sustainable urban planning. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to the knowledge of simulating how urban centers can be planned in the present to cater for the future needs of the growing population. Predicting urban growth trends introduces more practical ways of spatial planning and policy development in developing countries, through spatial analysis and modelling using GIS and Remote Sensing technologies.

Multi-Scale Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) Valuation for Wetland Ecosystems: A Case Study of Lishui City

Traditional gross ecosystem product (GEP) accounting methods often operate at macro scales, failing to reflect the localized and nuanced values of wetland ecosystems. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a fine-grained classification system based on a localized adaptation of international standards. The framework integrates high-precision national land surveys and remote sensing quantitative analysis while incorporating fisheries resource models, climate regulation beneficiary mapping, and visitor interpolation to address data scarcity related to human activities. This approach refines the spatial calculation methods for functional quantity accounting at fine scales. The results demonstrate that the refined classification maintains consistency with traditional methods in total value while adapting to multi-scale accounting, filling gaps at small and medium scales and providing a more accurate representation of localized wetland characteristics. Additionally, the study highlights the dominance of cultural services in GEP, emphasizing the need to balance cultural and regulatory services to ensure fairness in decision-making. Finally, a village-scale decision-support model is proposed, offering actionable guidance for wetland management and sustainable development planning.

Current Research Progress of ESG and Its Systematic Analysis from the Perspective of Economics

As global environmental, social and governance issues gradually become key factors for enterprise sustainable development and investment decision-making, the research progress of Environment, Social Responsibility and Governance (ESG) has received wide attention. This article will systematically summarize the existing ESG research based on the existing ESG research environment, society and governance, based on the existing research on ESG enterprise value, corporate performance and social responsibility, systematically summarize the existing ESG research, find problems in ESG research and propose solutions through summary. The construction of ESG system in accordance with economics is discussed, and the research found that, The ESG system provides new evaluation indicators and decision-making tools for enterprises and investors. By quantifying the performance of the environment, society and governance, ESG evaluation not only helps enterprises better internalize social costs, improve brand value and employee loyalty, but also alleviates information asymmetry and agency problems, and enhances the long-term risk resistance of enterprises. Based on the discussion of the ESG system in this article, it provides a program discussion to solve the problems in the current ESG research. At the same time, it provides more possibilities for better achieving the coordinated development of society, economy and the environment, and provides a feasibility plan for global sustainable development.

Urban transformation through transit: the case of Delhi metro

Urbanization in developing countries is rapidly increasing, with populations projected to reach 5.5 billion by 2050. This growth presents challenges, such as land resource pressure, environmental degradation, unsustainable transportation, and disorderly urban land development. Transit-oriented development (TOD) and sustainable urban transit systems such as the Delhi Metro are crucial for addressing urban design, economic competitiveness, and quality of life by improving accessibility and reducing private vehicle reliance. This study investigated changes in land use and land cover (LULC) in buffer zones around the Delhi Metro lines using satellite imagery from 1997, 2006, 2011, and 2019. The findings revealed significant shifts from open land and vegetation to built-up areas, driven by increased real estate activity and property values near metro stations. This study highlights the importance of integrating transportation infrastructure with urban planning for sustainable development, utilizing green infrastructure to mitigate environmental impacts, and implementing water-sensitive urban designs and TOD strategies to improve resilience.

Assessing the Consequences of Natural Disasters on Sustainability in Rural Municipalities: Evidence from Loška Dolina

Abstract This study examines the impact of natural disasters on the sustainable development of the rural municipality of Loška Dolina, focusing on the 2014 ice storm and subsequent floods. Through semi-structured interviews with seven key stakeholders, including local government, civil protection, and affected individuals, the research analyzes the disasters' effects on the economic, social, and environmental pillars of sustainability. The ice storm damaged forests and infrastructure, while floods caused soil contamination and habitat disruption. Despite these challenges, the community showed resilience and increased climate awareness. The SWOT analysis highlights both opportunities in the timber industry and challenges in disaster preparedness. The study emphasizes integrating disaster risk reduction into sustainable development planning.

Encouraging Community Empowerment and Local Economic Independence in Villages through Sustainable Economic Development Techniques

With an emphasis on local economic independence and community empowerment, this publication examines sustainable economic development tactics in villages. The purpose of this study is to present an integrated and comprehensive picture of sustainable village economic development. The researcher assesses economic development initiatives in several community areas in Indonesia, using qualitative descriptive methods. The findings of the study show that a comprehensive and integrated approach that considers the economic, social, cultural, and environmental demands of the local population is necessary for sustainable economic development in villages. To achieve local economic independence, community empowerment through active community involvement in the formulation and implementation of economic development programs is very important. The author of this article suggests a sustainable economic development plan for villages that is based on the ideas of community empowerment and participation. Harnessing local resources, strengthening organizations and cooperatives, empowering women and youth, developing small and medium-sized enterprises and the agricultural sector, and implementing sustainable environmental management are all parts of this plan. In conclusion, a comprehensive and integrated approach that emphasizes local economic independence and community empowerment can lead to sustainable economic development in villages. The plan can improve the welfare of the village community and encourage sustainable economic growth.

Understanding the Knowledge Concealment Predictors: A Proposed Framework for Knowledge Practitioners in Malaysia

This paper explores the knowledge concealment (KC) predictors among knowledge practitioners in Malaysia. It highlights that knowledge concealment (KC) is widely recognized as having a detrimental impact on individuals and organizations. Moreover, KC poses a significant challenge for organizations that are striving to enhance their knowledge management initiatives due to the difficulty in recognizing the existence of the information and the uncertain nature of its impacts. In addition, the prevalence of employees concealing their knowledge and expertise despite the organization's efforts to cultivate a culture of knowledge sharing. Thus, the act of concealing knowledge in an organization has an impact on the Sustainable Development Plan 9 (SDGs), which focuses on industry, innovation, and infrastructure, the Sustainable Development Plan 8 (SDGs), which targets decent work and economic growth to accelerate human capital development for an advanced nation, and the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (2021–2025), which emphasizes human capital through training and education. Therefore, it is crucial to study these predictors as they facilitate the prompt execution of proactive strategies to mitigate KC among knowledge practitioners. This study additionally proposes a novel conceptual framework that explores the relationship among variables, namely the lack of rewards in knowledge sharing, moral disengagement, internal competition, and psychological entitlement with a specific focus on knowledge concealment (KC). This framework presents significant potential for facilitating future research endeavors undertaken by other scholars.

Blue Economy and the Impact of Industrialisation on Sustainable Livelihoods: A Case Study of Fisheries in the North Coastal Region of Java

This research explores the impacts of the blue economy and industrialisation on sustainable livelihoods in the coastal areas of the North Coast of Java, with a particular focus on the fisheries sector.The main objective of this research is to analyse how changes in blue economy practices, which include sustainable marine resource management approaches, interact with industrialisation processes and their impact on the survival of local fishing communities.The research method used was qualitative with a case study approach, where data was collected through in-depth interviews with fishermen, government officials, and relevant stakeholders, as well as direct observation in the field. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques to identify patterns and significant relationships between the factors involved.The results of this study show that industrialisation in the coastal areas of Java's North Coast has vital and complex impacts on the sustainable livelihoods of local fishing communities. On the one hand, industrialisation provides new economic opportunities, such as jobs in the fishing and manufacturing sectors, which can increase community income. However, on the other hand, negative impacts on the aquatic environment due to industrial activities and overexploitation of natural resources threaten the sustainability of the marine ecosystem, which is the main source of livelihood for fishermen.The managerial implications of these findings emphasise the need to integrate blue economy policies with the maturity of sustainable industrial development planning. Policy development that accommodates the needs of local ecosystems and fishing communities, with a pattern of regulating marine protected zones and supporting the shift to environmentally friendly fisheries practices, is key to ensuring the sustainability of fishers' livelihoods and healthy coastal ecosystems. This research provides important insights for policy makers and practitioners involved in marine fisheries resource management and industry development in coastal areas.